Chapter 22

Elementary Mensuration - 1
hectare. Find the base and the height of the lawn.
Triangle
Rule 1
Si find the area of a triangle if its base and height are

Jpen.
1
J * r a of a triangle = x Base x Height
trative Example
The base of a triangular field is 880 metres and its
height 550 metres. Find the area o f the field. Also
calculate the charges for supplying water to the field
at the rate of Rs 24.25 per sq hectometre.
Area of the field =
6.
7.
Base x Height
440x550
=
sq metres = . . . , . _ sq hectometres.
100x100
= 24.20 sq hectometres.
C03J of supplying water to 1 sq hectometre = Rs 24.25
cost of supplying water to the whole field
= Rs 24.20 x 24.25 =Rs 586.85
erase
Find the area o f a triangle in which base is 1.5 m and
height is 75 cm.
a) 5625 sq cm
b) 5265 sq cm
c)5635sqcm
d)5525sqcm
Find the area of a triangle whose one angle is 90, the
hypotenuse is 9 metres and the base is 6.5 metres.
a)20sqm
b)20.5sqm c)20.15sqm d)21 sqm
The base of a triangular field is three times its altitude. I f
the cost of cultivating the field at Rs 24.60 per hectare is
Rs 332.10, find its base and height.
a) 250 m, 650 m
b) 300 m, 900 m
c) 350,850 m
d) None of these
A lawn is in the form o f a triangle having its base and
J_
12
c) 50 m, 35 m
d) Data inadequate
The base of a triangular field is three times its height. I f
the cost of cultivating the field at Rs 36.72 per hectare is
Rs 495.72, find its base and height.
a) 900 m, 300 m
b) 600 m, 300 m
c) 900 m, 600 m
d) Can't be determined
Find the area of a triangle in which base is 36.8 cm and
height is 7.5 cm.
a) 128 sq cm b)148sqcm c)130sqcm d)138sqcm
I f the area of a triangle with base x is equal to the area of
a square with side x, then the altitude of the triangle is:
a)
880x550
height in the ratio 2 : 3 . The area of the lawn is
1
b)50m, 33 j
a) 55 m, 34 m
b)x
d)3x
c)2x
[I tax & Central Excise 1988]

I f the area of a triangle is 150 sq m and base: height is 3
: 4, find its height and base.
a)20m, 15m
b)30m, 10m
c) 60 m, 5 m
d) Data inadequate
[GIC Exam 1983]
9. The base of a triangular field is three times its height. I f
the cost of cultivating the field at Rs 1505.52 per hectare
is Rs 20324.52 find its base and height.
a) 900 m, 300 m
b) 300 m, 100 m
c) 600 m, 200 m
d) Data inadequate
10. The base of a triangular field is 880 metres, and its height
550 metres. Find the area of the field. Also calculate the
charges for supplying water to the field at the rate of Rs
242.50 per sq hectometre.
a) Rs 5688.50
b)Rs 5868.50
c) Rs 6858.50
d) None of these
Answers
l.a
2. c; Hint: Height of the triangle = ^9 -(6.5)
2
= V38.75/W
PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS
512
(a + b + c) then, Area of the triangle
=6.2m
.-. Area of the triangle = -xBase* Height
y]s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
x6.5x6.2 sqm = 20.15 sqm

12
332.10
..
=13.5 hectares
3. b; Hint: Area of the field -
24.01)
Soln: Here a = 50 metres, b = 78 metres, c = 112 metres.
= (13.5 x 10000)= 135000sqm

Let, altitude be x metres. Then, base = 3x metres.
Area = x base x altitude | =
3x
= 135000
.-. s= j (50 + 78+ 112)
3x
xxx3x
135000x2
or,
]_
Find the area of a triangle whose sides are 50 metres,

78 metres, 112 metres respectively and also find the
perpendicular from the opposite angle on the side
112 metres.
= - - x 240 metres = 120 metres.

2
.-. s - a = (120-50)metres = 70metres
s - b = (120 - 78) metres = 42 metres
s - c = (120 - 1 1 2 ) metres = 8 metres
sqm
= 300
Hence, altitude = 300 metres and base = 900 metres (Also

see Rule - 68)
area = V l 2 0 x 7 0 x 4 2 x 8 = 1680 sq metres

Perpendicular =
4. b; Hint: Let the base be 2x metres and height 3x metres.
2Area
1680x2
Base
112
metres
= 30metres. [SeeRule-1]
Then | ( 2 x x 3 * ) = ^ U l 0 0 0 0
[ v 1 hectare =10000 sqm]
10000x2._ 100
or,
x=
Exercise
1.
50
6x12
6 ~ 3
2x50
2.
Base =
-33 metres,
3
3x50
Height = = 50 metrees.
3.
[See Rule - 68]
495 72
5.a;Hint: Area=
^ 135000sqm
4.
| * 3 x x x =135000
.-. x = 300 ie height = 300 m
and base = 300 x 3 = 900 m [See Rule 68]
1
7. c;Hint: -xxxh
5.
=x
.-. h = 2x
8. a;Hint: ^ x 3 x x 4 x = 150 or, x = 5

2
.-. base = 3 * 5 = 15 m and height = 4x = 4 x 5 = 20 m
Rule 2
If a, b, c are the lengths of the sides of a triangle and S = ^
6.
Find the area o f a triangle with two sides equal, each

being 5.1 metres and the third side 4.6 metres.
a) 10sqm
b) 10.5sqm c) 10.46sqm d) 11.46sqm
Find the area of a triangle in which a = 2 5 c m , b = 1 7 c m
and 0=12 cm.
a)90sqcm b)80sqcm c)85sqcm d)75sqcm
I f the sides of a triangle are doubled, its area
a) remains same
b) becomes doubles
c) becomes 3 times
d) becomes 4 times
[Railway Recruitment Board Exam, 1991)
The sides of a triangular field are 949,1095,1022 metres.
It is let at Rs 10000 per hectare. Find the rent of the field,
a) Rs 447636
b)Rs 446736
c) Rs 447663
d) Data inadequate
The sides of a triangular field are 165 metres, 143 metres
and 154 metres, find its area.
a) 10164 sqm
b) 10146 sqm
c) 10614 sq m
d) None of these
Two sides of a triangular field are 85 metres and 154
metres respectively and its perimeter is 324 metres. Find
(i) the area of the field
a) 2882 sqm
b) 2782 sqm
c) 2772 sqm
d) 2672 sqm
(ii) the perpendicular from the opposite angle on the
side 154 metres
a) 36 metres
b) 18 metres
c) 45 metres
d) 27 metres
(iii) the cost of levelling the field at the rate of Rs 5 per sq
Elementary Mensuration - I
7.
m
a) Rs 12860
b)Rs 13760
c)Rs 13860
d)Rs 13960
The sides of a triangle are 51,52,53 cm, find the perpendicular from the opposite angle on the side of 52 cm.
Also find the areas of the two triangles into which the
original triangle is divided.
a) 45 cm, 560 sq cm, 640 sq cm
b) 45 cm, 540 sq cm, 630 sq cm
c) 48 cm, 540 sq cm, 630 sq cm
d) 48 cm, 530 sq cm, 640 sq cm
51 cm/
45 cm
Answers
l.c
\ 5 3 cm
\
52 cm
B D = ^ 5 1 2 ^ 4 5 2 =24cm
2.a
3. d; Hint: Let the original sides be a, b, c then
A A B D = - x 2 4 x 4 5 =540sqcm
1
s = - (a + b + c)
DC = 52-24=28cm
Area of this triangle = J s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)
A A D C = - x 2 8 x 4 5 =630sq cm
For new triangle, the sides are 2a, 2b, 2c & S = 2S.
Rule 3
.-. Area of new triangle = y]S(S - 2a)(S - 2b)(S - 2c)
V3
= J2s(2s - 2a)(2s - 2b%2s - 2c)
Area of an equilateral triangle = x (side) and perim- ^ / l 6s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)

=
eter of an equilateral triangle = 3 x side.
s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c) =4 x (area of original triangle).
Ex.:
Find the area of an equilateral triangle each of whose

sides measures 8 cm. Also find perimeter of the equilateral triangle.
Soln: Applying the above formula,
V3
Area of an equilateral triangle = x (8)
1
4. a; Hint: S = - (949 + 1095 +1022) = 1533 m
Area= ^1533x584x438x511
= V511x3xl46x2x3xl46x511
= 511 x3 x 146x2sqm
required rent =
x 8 x 8 = 16V3 sq cm
10000x511x3x146x2
10000
= Rs 447636
Perimeter of an equilateral triangle
= 3 x side = 3 x 8 = 24 cm
3. a
Hint: The third side of the triangle = 324 - (154 + 85) = 85
metres
Now find the area by applying the given rule.
(i) c; Area = 2772 sq m
Exercise
1.
2x2772
(ii) a; perpendicular distance = = 36 metres
(iii) c; the required cost = 2772 * 5 = Rs 13860
7 b ; Hint:S =
51 + 52 + 53
2.
= 78 cm
Find the area of an equilateral triangle each of whose

sides measures 12 cm.
a) 36VJ sqcm
b) 18^3 sqcm
c) 24V3 sq cm
d) 30^3 sq cm
Find the area of a triangle in which each side measures 8

cm.
a) 2V3 q c
s
Area= ^78(78 - 51)(78 - 52)(78 - 53)

V78x 27x26x25 =1170sqcm
c) 16V3 sq cm
3.
b) 8>/3 sq cm
d)
12VJ
sq cm
Each side of an equilateral triangle is increased by 1.5%.

The percentage increase in its area is:
514
a) 1.5%
b)3%
c)4.5%
d)5.7%
(Railway Recruitment Board Exam, 1991)
I f the perimeter of an equilateral triangle is 12 metres,
find its area.
a)4V3/M
5.
b)i6V3m
) *Sm
d) 6 m
( L I C Exam 1986)
The side of an equilateral triangle is 7 metres. Calculate
its area correct to three places of decimals.
a)21.218sqm
b)21.281sqm
c) 21,128 sqm
d) None of these
2
10
= V676-109-= x 2 4 = 60 cm
4
4
Perimeter=2x 13 + 10=36cm.
Exercise
1.
The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is equal to 14 cm:

the lateral side is to the base in the ratio 5 to 4. The area.
in cm , of the triangle is:
2
a)~i/2L
b)
V2T
2V2T
d)
Answers
(CDS Exam 1989)
La
2.c
3. a; Let original length of each side = a
2.
101.5
4 I , 20 J
100
I , 20 J
Increase in area= | Ax xlOO |% = l.5/
3.
Answers
12
side = = 4 m
4. a; Hint: 3 xside= 12 m
triangle. The length of hypotenuse is 5 0 ^ 2 - The cost

of fencing is Rs 3 per metre. The cost of fencing the plot
will be:
a) less than Rs 300
b) less than Rs 400
c) more than Rs 500
d) more than Rs 600
(CDS Exam 1991)
In an isosceles right-angled triangle, the length of one
leg is 10 metres. Find its area and its perimeter.
a)50sqm,34.15m
b) 50 sqm, 44.14 m
c) 50 sq m, 34.41 m
d) Data inadequate
m
& i
Then, area = a = A
4
New area
A plot of land is in the shape of a right angled isosceles
1. d; Hint: Let lateral side = 5x & base = 4x

Then,5x + 5x + 4;c = 14 => x = l
.-. The sides are 5 cm, 5 cm, 4 cm
Area = x 4 x 4 = 4-\/3 sqm
Now, 2
-2
= V2T
5.a
- x 4 x V 2 1 cm =
Area =
Rule 4
ijllcm
2. c; Hint: Let each of the equal sides be a metres long.

(I) Area of an isosceles triangle = ^4a
-b
Then,
a 2
+a
= ( 5 0 ^ 2 ) = 5000
2
=>a =2500=>a = 50
2
.-. Perimeter of the triangle = (50 + 50 + 50 J2 )

b/2
(ii) Height(h)
= 100 + 50x1.4146= 170.73 m

.-. Cost offencing = Rs( 170.73 x 3) = Rs 512.19
b/2
= j^-[f]""\^a -b
2
3. a; Hint: Area= ^ x l O x l O =50 sqm
(Hi) Perimeter = (2a + b)
Ex.:
The base and the other side of an isosceles triangle is

10 cm and 13 cm respectively. Find its area and perimeter.
Area = ^ M l 3 ) - ( l 0 )
2
10 m
C
10m
Perimeter = AC + CB + AB
[AB=
VlO
+10
=V200
515
=10V2]
Ex^
= 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 7 2 =20+14.14 = 34.14m
cm. Find its height.

Soln: Applying the above rule, we have height
Rule 5
Theorem: The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is given as
P cm. Now consider thefollowing cases.
Case I: If the base of the isosceles triangle is given by 'b'
(P-b)
cm, then the length of the equal sides is
\
Length of the side o f an equilateral triangle is 4 ^3
= x 4A/3 = 6 cm.
2
Exercise
cm.
1.
Case II: If the length of equal sides is given by 'a' cm, then
the length of the base is(P- 2a) cm.
Height of an equilateral triangle is 6 cm. Find its side,

a) 4 cm
b)
3^/3
cm c)
cm d)
5^/3
_2_
Illustrative Examples
Ex. 1: The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 120 cm. I f the
base is 60 cm, find the length of equal sides.
Soln: Applying the above formula, (case -1)
2.
Length of the side of an equilateral triangle is
b)1.5m
a) 1 m
Ex. 2: The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 100 cm. I f the

length of the equal sides is given by 32 cm, find the
length of the base.
Soln: Applying the above formula (case - II),
Length of the base = 100 - 2 x 32 = 36 cm
3.
Exercise
1. c; Hint: 6 cm = x side
2
1.
3.
4.
5.
The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 60 cm. I f the

a) 30 cm
b)15cm
c)12cm
d)20cm
a)20cm
b)10cm
c)8cm
d)15cm
The perimeter o f an isosceles triangle is 32 cm. I f the
a) 7 cm
b)9cm
c)14cm
d)8cm
The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 1 2 0 cm. I f the
length of the base.
a) 25 cm
b)20cm
c)15cm
d)30cm
length of the base.
cm.
Find its height.
120-60
Length of equal sides =
= 30 cm
o
cm
c ) ^ m
d)0.5m
Length of the side of an equilateral triangle is 3 ^3 cm.

Find its height.
a)4.5m
b)4m
c)5m
d)5.5m
Answers
2. a
6x2
. ir
Side= t=- = 4V3 m
V3"
C
3.a
Rule 7
Theorem: To find the area of an equilateral triangle If its
height is given.
{Height)
Area of the equilateral triangle =
^=
Ex.:
Height of an equilateral triangle is 6 cm. Find its area.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the base of an equilateral triangle
be x and
V3 the height
1 be,h.
Now,
= - x x x / i - x base* height
4
2
J
2
a)26cm
b)24cm
c)36cm
d)16cm
Answers
Lb
2.b
3.a
4.b
5.a
Rule 6
Theorem: Tofind the height of the equilateral triangle when
the length of its side is given.
s
Height of the equilateral triangle = -Tk side.
2x/j
or, x =
2x6
V3
Area = x x
4
s
3
12
s
V3 12x12
j r
= x - = 12V3 sqcm.
4
3
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we have
516
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we have the

6x6 6x2xV3xV3
, IT
Area = - 7 = - =
7=
= V 3 sq cm.
1 2
area of the equilateral triangle
Exercise
1.
2.
= 64-\/3 sqcm.
Height of an equilateral triangle is 12 cm. Find its area,

a) 48VJ sq cm
) 12^3 sq cm
b) 36-^3 sq cm
Exercise
d) Data inadequate
1.
Perimeter ofa square and an equilateral triangle isequal.

I f the diagonal of the square is \^/2
(i) side of the square.
Height of an equilateral triangle is 9 cm. Find its area,

a) 27 V J sq cm
3.
) 54^3 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
b) 25 cm
c) 15 cm
d) Data inadequate
Answers
l.a
2. a
> then find the
b) 15 cm
c) 12V2
3.c
a) 100 sq cm
Rule 8
<0 3^2 cm
2.
b) 100^3
sq
c m
c) 5 0 S
l
) 100V2 sq cm
Perimeter of a square and an equilateral triangle is equal.
s
Theorem: The perimeter of a square is equal to the perimeter of an equilateral triangle. If the diagonal of the square
is'd' units, then
(ii) side of the equilateral triangle.

a)20cm b)12cm
c)24cm
d)10cm
(iii) area of the square.
a) 144 sqcm
b) 225 sqcm
c) 288 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
(iv) area of the equilateral triangle
Area of an equilateral triangle is 75-^3 sq cm. Find its

height.
a) 12 cm
c m
b) 36-^3 sq cm
a) 12 cm
rxl2xl2x2
3V3 '
I f the diagonal of the square is 18^2 cm, then find the

(i) side of the square.
d
(i) the side of the square = J T units,
b) 9^/2
a) 36 cm
c)18cm
d) Data inadequate
(ii) side of the equilateral triangle

a)24cm b)18cm
c)28cm
d)32cm
(iii) area of the square.
a) 324 sq cm
b) 320 sq cm
c) 648 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
Ad
(ii) the side of the equilateraltriangle = ^ c - units,
(Hi) the area of the square = square units, and
(iv) area of the equilateral triangle

a) 144V3 sq cm
A*
(Iv) the area of the equilateral triangle = 3 " ^ * ^
Z
) 28872
s c
b) 144^/2 sq cm
l cm
d) Data inadequate
sq units.
Answers
Ex.:
Perimeter of a square and an equilateral triangle is
1. ( i j b
2. (i)c
(ii)a
(ii) a
equal. I f the diagonal of the square is 12 V2 cm, then

find the area of the equilateral triangle.
Soln: Detail Method: Diagonal of the square = 12V2
cm.
or, side x J %
I2V2
.-. Side of the square = 12 cm

Perimeter of an equilateral triangle = Perimeter of the
square
or, 3 x side of the triangle = 4 x 1 2
.. side of the triangle = 16
.-. area= ^ - x l 6 x l 6 = 16-73 sqcm.
(iii)b
(iii) a
(iv)b
(iv)a
Rule 9
Rectangle
(I) To find the area of a rectangle if its length and breadth
are given. Area of a
rectangle = Length x Breadth
Ex.:
Find the area of a rectangular field of length 12 m and

width 10 m.
Soln: Applying the above formula, we have
Area=12x I0 = 120sqm.
(ii) To find the breadth of a rectangle, if area and length of
517
a) 3 m
Area
the rectangle are given. Breadgh =
Length
Ex.:
Area of a rectangular field of length 12 m is 120 sq m.

Find the breadth of the field.
Soln: Applying the above formula, we have Breadth
120
= 10 cm.
12
(iii) To find the length of a rectangle, if area and breadth of
the rectangle given. Length
Area
:
Breadth
Ex.:
Area of a rectangular field of breadth 10 cm is 120 sq

m. Find the length of the field.
Soln: Applying the above formula, we have Length
b)4m
c) 5 m
d) 15 m
IBank PO Exam-1990|
7. A room 8 m * 6 m is to be carpeted by a carpel 2 m wide.
The length of carpet required is
a) 12m
b)36m
c)24m
d)48m
[Railway Recruitment, 1990|
8. The length o f a plot of land is 4 times its breadth. A
playground measuring 1200 sq m occupies one-third of
the total area of the plot. What is the length of the plot,
in metres?
a) 90
b)80
c)60
d) None of these
(Bank PO Exam-1990)
9. Length of a room is 6 m longer than its breadth. If the
area of the room is 72 sq m, its breadth will be:
a) 12m
b)6m
c)8m
d)10m
10. I f only the length of a rectangular plot is reduced to
2
rd of its original length, the ratio of original area to
120
10
12 cm
reduced area is:

a)2:3
Exercise
1.
3.
4.
5.
Find the area and perimeter of a rectangular plot whose

length is 24.5 metres and breadth is 16.8 metres.
a)411.6sqm,82.6m
b)412sqm,83m
c) 416.1 sq m, 86.2 m
d) None of these
Calculate the area of a rectangular field whose length is
13.5m and breadth is 8 m.
a)180sqm
b)108sqm
c) 140 sq m
d) None of these
The length and breadth o f a rectangular field are in the
ratio 5 : 3. I f the cost of cultivating the field at 25 paise
per square metre is Rs 6000, find the dimensions of the
field.
a)250mby 100m
b)50mby30m
c) 200 m by 120 m
A room 15 m long requires 7500 tiles,'each 15 cm by 12
cm, to cover the entire floor. Find the breadth of the
room.
a) 10m
b)12m
c)6m
d)9m
A lawn in the form of a rectangle is half as long again as
.
2
it is broad. The area of the lawn is ~ hectares. The
length of the lawn is:
a) 100 m
6.
b) 3 3 ^
11.
12.
13.
14.
b)3:2
c)l:2
d) None of these
|Railway Recruitment 19911
The cost of carpeting a room 15 m long with a carpet 75
cm wide at 30 paise per metre is Rs 36. The breadth of the
room is:
a)8m
b)12m
c)9m
d)6m
Calculate the area of a rectangle 23 metres 7 decimetres
long and 14 metres 4 decimetres 8 centimetres wide.
a)343sqm b)363sqm c)334sqm d)365sqm
The sides of a rectangular field of 726 sq metres are in
the ratio 3 :2. Find the sides.
a)33m,22m
b)30m,20m
c) 45 m, 30 m
The length of a room is 3 times its breadth and its breadth
is 5 m 5dm. Find the area of its floor.
a)90.75sqm
b)81.12sqm
c) 80.75 sqm
d) 90.25 sqm
Answers
1. a; Hint: Area = (24.5) x (16.8) sq m = 411.6 sq m
Perimeter=2 x (24.5 + 16.8) m = 82.6 m (See Rule -11)
2. b
6000x100
3. c; Hint: Area =
= 24000 sqm
25
Let the length be 5x and breadth be 3x
z*
c) o o y m
2
'100^
or, 5x x 3x=24000
m
The width of a rectangular hall is of its length. If the
.-. x = ^ / l 600 ='40
.-. Length = 5 x 40 = 200 m and breadth = 3 x 40 = 120 m

(15
12^
4. d; Hint: Area of 1 tile = I Yoo" Too" J
X
area of the hall is 300 sq m, then the difference between

its length and width is:
s t
'
51815
12
Area of the floor = 7500x x J = 1 3 5 s q m
Area
Breadth of the room =
'135^
Length
V 15 y
m =9m
5. a; Hint: Let breadth = x metres. Then, length = x metres.
01
3
2
xx~x=-x
2
3
10000
- . v . [ 1x10000j
2
So, breadth of the room
f90^
i j5 m =6m
12. a; Hint: Length = 23.70 metres [since 10 decimetres = 1

m]
Breadth = 14.48 metres
.-. Area=23.70x 14.48=343.176 343sqm
13. a;Hint:3xx2x = 726
'
or, x = 11
.-. sides = 3 x H = 3 3 m a n d 2 x = 2 x l l = 2 2 m
14. a
Rule 10
So,x=^
To find the length of diagonal of a rectangle, if length and

breadth are given.
3 200
Length^*
J = 100 metres.
(Diagonal)
A n n
(
3
}
. (length - breadth) = 20 x 20 = 5 metres.
:
Or, Diagonal = -^(Length) + (Breadth)
6. c; Hint: Let length = x metres. Then breadth = x metres

3
2 300x4
. x x - x = 300=>x =
= 400 o r x = 20
4
3
= (Length) + (Breadth)
2
Ex.:
Find the length of diagonal of a rectangle of length 8

cm and breadth 6 cm.
Soln: Applying the above theorem, we have
Diagonal = ^(length) + (breadth)
2
m = 24 m
(Also see Rule - 53)
1.
= 72=>x -6x-12
=0
=> (x-12)(x + 6) = 0 => x = 12(neglectingx=-6)

.-. Breadth = (12-6)m = 6 m
10. b; Hint: Let length = x & breadth = y
2.
3.
New length = x & breadth = y
11. d; Hint: Length of carpet =
Area of the carpet
75 ^1
120x
m = 90m
V
100
.-. Area of the room = 90m
b)VJ
c)V3
d) /5
6 A
\y Recruitment 1991)
Find the diagonal of a rectangle whose sides are 12 metres
and 5 metres
a) 13 metres
b) 14 metres
c) 16 metres
5. A ladder is placed so as to reach a window 63 m high.
The ladder is then turned over to the opposite side of
the street and is found to reach a point 56 m high. I f the
ladder is 65 m long, find the width of the street.
a)49m
b)45m
c)40m
d)59m
4.
3600
^
= 120 m
Two roads X Y and YZ of 15 metres and 20 metres length

respectively are perpendicular to each other. What is
the distance between X and Z by the shortest route?
a) 35 metres b) 30 metres c) 24 metres d) 25 metres
(SBI Associates PO -1999)
The length of the longest rod which can be laid across
of floor of a rectangular room 12 m in length and 5 m in
breadth will be:
a) 17m
b)7m
c)2.4m
d)13m
The legs of a right triangle are in the ratio of 1 :2 and its
area is 36. The hypotenuse of the triangle is:
a) 3
Original area _ xy _ 3
2
-xy
Exercise
8. d; Hint: xxAx = 3600 => x = 900 => x = 30

.-. Length = ( 4 x 3 0 ) m = 1 2 0 m
Reduced area
= / ( 8 ) + ( 6 ) = V64 + 36 = Vl00 = 10 cm.
8x6
7. c; Hint: Length of the carpet
9. b;Hint: x(x-6)
519
3.
Answers
I d : Hint:
A rectangle is having 15 cm as its length and 150 sq cm

. 1
'
as its area. Its area is increased to times the original
1
5.
area by increasing only its length. Its new perimeter is:

a)50cm
b)60cm
c)70cm
d)80cm
(Bank PO Exam 1989)
The length and breadth of a rectangular piece of land are
in the ratio o f 5 : 3. The owner spent Rs 3000 for surrounding it from all the sides at the rate of Rs 7.50 per
metre. The difference between length breadth is:
a)50m
b)100m
c)200m
d)150m
(BSRB BankPO Exam 1991)
The sides of a rectangular park are in the ratio 3 : 2 and
6.
its area is 3750 m . The cost of fencing it at~50 paise per

metre is:
a)Rs312.50 b)Rs375
c)Rs 187.50 d)Rsl25
The length of the rectangular floor is twice its width. I f
15 m
4.
X Z = V i 5 + 2 0 =V625 =25 m
2
2.d
3. d: Hint: *xx.2x = 36 => x = 6
2
Hypotenuse = ^ 6 +(12) =Vl80 =6>/5

2
4. a
5. a; Hint:
the length of a diagonal is 9J5 m, then perimeter of the
7.
B
OB = V 5 - 6 3
6
=16m
C
OC= ^tf^X?
=33m
.-. width of the street = OB + OC = 16 + 33 = 49 m
8.
Rule 11
7o /inrf f/re perimeter of a rectangle if length and breadth
are given.
/
Perimeter = 2(length + breadth)
Ex.:
Find the perimeter of a rectangle o f length 8 cm and

breadth 6 cm.
Perimeter=2(8 + 6)=28 cm
9.
rectangle is:
a)27m
b)54m
c)81m
d)162m
The area of a rectangular field is 27000 sq m and the ratio
between its length and breadth is 6 : 5. Find the cost of
the wire required to go four time round the field at Rs 740
per km of length of the wire.
a) Rs 1953.60
b)Rs 448.40
c) Rs 1963.50
d) Data inadequate
The perimeter of a rectangle is 640 metres and the length
is to the breadth as 5 : 3. Find its area.
a) 2400 sqm
b) 24000 sqm
c) 24 hectare
The length of a rectangular field is twice its breadth. I f
the rent of the field at Rs 3500 a hectare is Rs 28000, find
the cost o f surrounding it with a fencing at Rs 5 per
metre.
a)Rs6000
b)Rs7000
c)Rs6500
d)Rs8000
Exercise
1.
2.
The length of a rectangular plot is 20 metres more than

its breadth. I f the cost of fencing the plot at the rate of
Rs 26.50 per metre is Rs 5300, what is the length of the
plot (in metres)?
a) 40
b)120
c)50
d) None of these
(Bank of Baroda PO 1999)
The length and breadth of a playground are 36 m and 21
m respectively. Flagstaffs are required to be fixed on all
along the boundary at a distance 3 m apart. The number
of flagstaffs will be:
a) 37
b)38
c)39
d)40
(I Tax & Central Excise 1989)
Answers
/,
1. d;Hint: V
-v,
+
5300
=
=200m
.-. 1 + b = 100 m
(i) and 1 - b = 20 m (given)
From eqn (i) and (ii), we have
(ii)
, 120
/==60m
2
2. b; Hint: Petimeter=2 (36 + 21) = 114 m
required no of flagstaffs =
114
= 38
3. b; Hint: Original length = 15 cm & breadth =
150
15
10 cm
520
New area = I50x-\m

3
= 200/n
2
Ex.:
New area
_ 200
Original breadth ~ 7o~ =
One side and the diagonal of a rectangle are 40 m and

50 m respectively. Find its area and perimeter.
2
Area of the rectangle = 4fjx-\/50 - 4 0

2
1200 m
New perimeter = 2 (20 + 10) = 60 cm

3000
4. a; Hint: Perimeter of the field
Perimeter of the rectangle
= 400m
7.50
250x
1.
2.
3.
= Rs 125
6. b; Hint: Let breadth = x metres and length = 2x metres

Then, x + ( 2 x )
2
=(9V5)
b)20 m
[SeeRule-10]
.-. Perimeter = 2 (18 + 9) = 54 m

7. a; Hint: 6x x 5x=27000 or, x = 30
.-. length = 180 m, breadth = 150 m
Length of wire required to go round the field
four times = [4x 2 (180 + 150)] = 2.64 km
.-. required cost = Rs (2.64 * 740) = Rs 1953.60
8. b;Hint:2(5x + 3x) = 640 or,x = 40
.-. length = 200 m and breadth = 120 m
.-. area = 200 x 120 = 24000 sq m = 2.4 hectare
Find the area of a rectangle whose one side is 3 metres

and the diagonal is 5 metres.
a) 12 sqm
b)8sqm
c) 16 sqm
d) 14 sqm
Calculate the area of a rectangular field whose one side
is 12 m and the diagonal is 13 m.
a) 70 sq m
b) 60 sq m
c) 45 sq m
d) 75 sq m
One side of a rectangular field is 4 metres and its diago-,
nal is 5 metres. The area of the field is:
a) 12 m
4.
==>5x =405-=>x = V 8 l = 9
Answers
La
2.b
3.a
4. c; Hint: Area = 1 6 X V 2 0 - 1 6
2
breadth =
=16x12
16x12
12m
16
Rule 13
= 8 hectare = 80000 sqm

[See Rule-9]
To find the area of a rectangle when Its perimeter and diagonal are given.
.'. x = V40000 = 200 m and length = 400 m
(Perimeter)
Perimeter=2 (400 + 200) = 1200 m
Area of a rectangle =
.". Cost of fencing the rectangular field = 1200 x 5

= Rs6000
units.
(Diagonal)
sq
Rule 12
To find the area andperimeter of a rectangle, if its one side
and one diagonal are given.
(i)
Area of rectangle = ^1*4 d -I
(ii)
Perimeter of rectangle = 2(1+ ^d -! )
d) 4^/5 m
A man walked 20 m to cross a rectangular field diagonally. I f the length of the field is 16 m, the breadth of the
field is:
a)4m
b)16m
c) 12 m
(Railway Recruitment 1991)
28000
c) 15 m
9. a; Hint: Area of the rectangular field =
2 x x = 80000
40
Exercise
[ ^j
2| 40 + -/50
= 140 metres.
.-. 2(5x + 3x) = 400 => x = 25

So, length = 125 m & breadth = 75 m
Difference between length & breadth
= (125-75)m = 50m
5. d;Hint:3xx2x = 3750 r^>x =625 => x=25
.-. Length = 75 m & breadth = 50 m
Perimeter=[2 x (75 + 50)] m=250 m
.-. Cost of fencing = Rs
j sq units
units.
Ex^
I f the perimeter and diagonal of a rectangle are 14 cm

and 5 cm respectively. Find its area.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length and width of the rectangle be x and y cm respectively.
2(x+y) = Perimeter = 14cm
.-. x + y = 7cm
(i)
ijx +y
= diagonal = 5 cm
.-. x +y
=25 cm....(ii)
521
Now, squaring equ (i)

(Perimeter)
.
Area+
16
2
{x + yf = 49
= > x +y
2
+ 2 x y = 4 9 => 25 + 2xy = 49
49-25
24
= = 12 sq cm.
2
2
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we have
Perimeter
.-. xy =
14x14
5
5x5
49-25
12 sq cm.
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
A rectangular carpet has an area of 120 m and a perimeter of 46 m. The length of its diagonal is:
a)15m
b)16m
c)17m
d)20m
(Railway Recruitment 1991)
If the perimeter and diagonal of a rectangle are 16 cm and
4 cm respectively. Find its area.
a) 32 sq cm b) 26 sq cm c) 24 sq cm d) Data inadequate
If the perimeter and diagonal of a rectangle are 24 cm and
a) 72 sq cm
b) 54 sq cm
c) 45 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
A rectangular carpet has an area of 96 sq m and a diagonal of 8 m. Find the perimeter of the carpet.
a)32m
b)16m
c)24m
d)28m
{(Perimeter)
16
- Area units.
Ex.:
I f the area and perimeter o f a rectangle are 240 cm

and 68 cm respectively, find its length and breadth.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length and breadth of the rectangle be x and y cm.
Area of the rectangle = xy = 240 cm
Perimeter of the rectangle = (x + y) 2 = 68 cm
.-. x + y = 34 cm
(i)
2
(x-yf
=(x +
y) -4xy
2
= ( 3 4 ) - 4 x 2 4 0 =1156-960 = 196
2
:.x-y
= Vl96 =14 ....(ii)-
By adding equ (i) and equ (ii), we have 2x = 48

.-. x = 24 cm
2y = 20
:.y = 10 cm
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we

have the
Answers
l.c;Hint: 120 =
units.
4
(ii) Breadth of the rectangle
.-. xy = area of the rectangle
required area
Perimeter
68x68
length of the rectangle = ^
46x46
(Diagonal)
Or, 46x 46-4(Diagonal)
. . . 68
240 +
^ 2 8 9 - 2 4 0 + 17 = 7 + 17 = 24 cm
=120x8
68
68x68
Breadth of the rectangle = ^
^
Or, 4 x (Diagonal) =1156

2
240
.-. diagonal = ^289 = 1 7 m

2.c
= 1 7 - V 4 9 = 1 7 - 7 = 10cm.
3.b
(Perimeter)
4. a; Hint: 96 =
8x8
Exercise
1.
Or, (Perimeter) =(96 + 32)8=1024

2
.-. Perimeter = ^1024 = 3 2 m
Rule 14
2.
To find length and breadth of a rectangle If its area and

perimeter are given.
(i) Length of the rectangle
3.
When the length of a rectangular plot is increased by

four times its perimeter becomes 480 metres and area
12800 sq m. What was its original length (in metre)?
a) 160
b)40
c)20
(BSRB Bhopal PO - 2000)
Calculate the area of a rectangular field whose length is
66 m and perimeter is 242 m.
a) 3630 sqm
b) 3360 sqm
c) 3560 sqm
d) None of these
The cost of fencing a rectangular field at Rs 3.50 per
metre is Rs 595. I f the length of the field be 60 metres,
522
4.
find the cost of levelling it at 50 paise per square metre.

a)Rs700
b)Rs860
c) Rs 750
d) Data inadequate
The perimeter of a rectangle is 82 m and its area is 400 sq
m. The breadth of the rectangle is:
a) 14m
b)16m
c)18m
d)12m
units.
Ex.:
Perimeter and area of a rectangle are 82 cm and 400 sq

cm. Find the difference in length and width.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length be 1 cm and width be b
an
Answers
1. b; Hint: 4x original length of the rectangular plot
--,2800 l*-=40+120=160
16
4
As per the question, (/ + b)l = 82 cm.
or, l + b = A\m ....(i) and / x = 400 sqcm...(ii)

460
.-. Original length = = 40 metres
(242T
16
2 a ; Hint: 66 =
(242)
or,
'82^
Area =66-60.5 = 5.5

242x242 _
16
( 5 5
5 )
Exercise
1.
595
3.50
= 170m
Now, applying the given rule,

170
(170)'
Area + 16
/I70x 170"
ft
170
Area =60
16
Area=
4x400 = - / ( 4 l ) -1600 = V 8 l = 9 cm.

2
3. c; Hint: Perimeter of the rectangular field =
or,
2J
= 366025-30.25 =3630 sqm
60 =
=(4l) -4x400
l~b= V1681-1600 = V81 =9'cm

Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have the required answer
242
Area +
16
A
(l + bf ={l + bf-Alb
, ,
= 17.3
n
4
170x170
16
32
l . d ; Hint: 2 =
= 1806.25 - 306.25 = 1500 sq m

1500x50
Cost of levelling = 100
= Rs 750
82
4. b; Hint: Required breadth
a)224 m
b) 108 m
c)99 m
d)63 m
2. A man drives 4 km distance to go around a rectangular
park. I f the area of the rectangle is 0.75 sq km, the difference between the length and the breadth of the rect'WgieisC ':,
a)1j^25km b) 0.5 km
c) 1 km
d) 2.75 km
3. Th'e breadth of a rectangular tennis court is 7 metres less
than its length and its perimeter 138 metres. Find its area.
a)1178sqm b) 1187sqm c)1168sqm d) 1278sqm
i 4
82x82
Answers
(17.5x17.5)
n
If the width of a rectangle is 2 m less than its length, and

its perimeter is 32 m, the area of the rectangle is: ,
252
= 63 sqm
4
4
2. c; Hint: Perimeter=4 km, Area=0.75 sq km
By applying the given rule find the difference between
length and breadth.
4 = 256-4 x Area
400
V 16
=20.5-4.5 = 16 m
Rule 15
To find the difference in length and width of a rectangle
when perimeter and area are given.
Difference in length and width of a rectangle
- 4 x Area
3. a; Hint: 7 =
256-4
area =
4 x Area
or, (69) - 4 x / f r e a = 49
2
or, Area =
4761-49
523
Rule 17
= 1178 sq m
Theorem: There is a rectangle of area 'A' sq unit. If the sum

of its diagonal and length Is n times of its breadth, then the
Rule 16
An' -1
Theorem: If length of a rectangle is increased by 'x' units

length and breadth of the rectangle are
and due to this increase, area of the rectangle also increases
by 'y' sq units, then width is given by
.(ii)
units.
Ex.:
Ex.:
30
There is a rectangular field of area 60 sq cm. Sum of its

diagonal and length is 5 times of its breadth. Find the
breadth of the rectangular field.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length and breadth ofthe rectangular field be x cm and y cm respectively.
As per the question,
xy = 60 sq cm
or, x +y
2
b)8m
j Answers
c)9m
La;Hint: Width =
10
4. a
or, y
60
:
=5x5
12 cm
the breadth of the rectangular field

2x60x5
= 5 cm.
Exercise
1.
2.
= 5m
100 '
.-. length = r- = 20 m
5
+x -\0xy
J60x(5 - l )
160x24
= J
*
=,
= 12 cm and
V
2x5
V 10
d)15m
+ x = 5y .... (ii)
.-. Length and breadth of the rectangular field are 12

cm and 5 cm respectively.
have the
length of the rectangular field
3.a
= 2Sy
y = 5 cmandx
If increasing the length of a rectangular field by 4 metres,

area also increases by 16 sq metres, then find the value
of its width.
a) 4 m
b)8m
c)6m
d) Data inadequate
of its width.
a)4m
b)6m
c)9m
d)12m
of its width.
The area of a rectangular courtyard is 100 sq metres.

Had the length of the courtyard been longer by 2 metres,
the area would have been increased by 10 sq metres.
Find the length and breadth of the courtyard.
a)20m,5m
b)25m,4m
c)30m, 3 0 j
d) Data inadequate
a)6m
or, 2 4 ^ = 1 0 x 6 0
Exercise
(i) and yjx +y

=(5y-x)
or, x +y
the width of the rectangular field = = & m.
and
2An
- j units respectively,
n -1
I f increasing the length of a rectangular field by 5
metres, area also increases by 30 sq metres, then find
the value of its width.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length and breadth of the rectangular field be / m and b m respectively.
In first case area = lb sq m
In second case area = (1 + 5) b = lb + 30
or, lb + 5b=lb + 30
.-. b = 6 metres.
have
2n
[See Rule-9]
3.

length and the breadth of the rectangle.
a) 8 cm, 6 cm
b) 12 cm, 4 cm
c) 16 cm, 3 cm
d) Data inadequate
diagonal and length is 4 times o f its breadth. Find the
perimeter of the rectangle.
a)46m
\
b)15m
j
c)8m
d) Data inadequate
524
diagonal of the rectangle.
a) 35 cm
b)37cm
c)33cm
d)32cm
2.
Answers
1. a
2. a; Hint: First find the length and breadh.
Length = 15 m and breadth = 8 m
.-. perimeter = (15 + 8)2 = 46m
3. b; Hint: First find the length and breadth of the rectangle.
Lengths 35 cm, breadth = 12 cm
.-. diagonal = J35
3.
+\2 = Vl369 = 3 7 m
Rule 18
Theorem: There is a rectangle. Its length is 'x'units more
than its breadth. If its length is increased by 'y' units and its
breadth is decreased by 'z' units, the area of the rectangle
is unchanged. Length and breadth of the rectangle are
4.
(x + z)y
y-z
and
J - I
y-z
units respectively.
5.
Ex.:
Length of a rectangular blackboard is 8 cm more than

that of its breadth. I f its length is increased by 7 cm
and its breadth is decreased by 4 cm, its area remains
unchanged. Find the length and breadth of the rectangular blackboard.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the breadth of the blackboard be x
cm, then
length = (x + 8) cm
(x + $ + 7)(x-4)=(x
+ S)x
or, (x + l5)(x-4)=(x
+ S)x
or, 3x = 60
:. x = 20
:. Breadth = 20 cm and Length = 20 + 8 = 28 cm
have
the length of the blackboard
(8 + 4)7
/ '
:
the breadth of the blackboard =
(8 + 7)4
7-4
cm and
Answers
l.b
2.a
3.b
4.b
5.a
Rule 19
Theorem: Length of a rectangle is increased by 'a' units
and breadth is decreased by 'b' units, area of the rectangle
remains unchanged. If length be decreased by 'c' units and
breadth by increased by'd' units, in this case also area 0/
the rectangle remains unchanged. Length and breadth of
the rectangle are given by ac
d+b
ad-be
f a+ c
and bd\
\ad-bc
:4x5
Exercise
that of its breadth. I f its length is increased by 14 cm and
its breadth is decreased by 8 cm, its area remains unchanged. Find the length and breadth of the rectangular
blackboard.
a) 28 cm, 20 cm
b) 56 cm, 40 cm
units respectively.
Ex.:
= 20 cm.
1.
c) 26 cm, 10 cm
d) Data inadequate
Length of a rectangular blackboard is 12 cm more thar
its breadth is decreased by 8 cm, its area remains urchanged. Find the length and breadth of the rectangular
blackboard.
a) 52 cm, 40 cm
b) 48 cm, 42 cm
c) 26 cm, 20 cm
d) Data inadequate
its breadth is decreased by 6 cm, its area remains unchanged. Find the length and breadth of the rectangular
blackboard.
a) 60 cm, 40 cm
b) 63 cm, 48 cm
c) 64 cm, 48 cm
d) Data inadequate
Length of a rectangular blackboard is 20 cm more thar.
that of its breadth. I f its length is increased by 15 cm anc
its breadth is decreased by 10 cm, its area remains unchanged. Find the perimeter of the black board.
a) 150 cm
b) 280 cm
d) 270 cm
d) 160 cm
that of its breadth. I f its length is increased by 8 cm anc
its breadth is decreased by 5 cm, its area remains unchanged. Find the area of the black board.
a) 1200 sqcm
b) 1250 sqcm
c) 1320 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
Length of a rectangular field is increased by 1 metres

and breadth is decreased by 3 metres, area of the field
remains unchanged. I f length be decreased by 7 metres
and breadth be increased by 5 metres, again area remains unchanged. Find the length and breadth of the
.
rectangular field.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length and breadth of the field
be x m and y m respectively.
In the first case,
(x + 7) (y - 3) = xy
or, xy + ly - 3x - 21 = xy
525
or, 3 x - 7 v = -21 ....(i)
Area of a square = (sidef
In the second case,

(x - l)(y + 5) = xy
or,xy-7y +
5x-35=xy
or, 5x-7>> = 35 ....(ii)

From equ (i) and equ (ii), we get
x = 28 m and
y = 15 m
/, Length and breadth of the rectangular field are 28
metres and 15 metres respectively.
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem,'we
have
( 7 x 5 + 7x3"!
Length = | ~ ^ , |
35-21
c
21 + 21
Breadth
35-21
7 _
56
TT
14
metres
3.
Ex.:
Find the area of a square whose length of the side is

5 cm.
\
Soln: Applying the above formula, we have \
Area of a square = (s) = 25 sq cm
2
Exercise
1.
2.
x5 = 3x5 = 15 metres.
Exercise
1.
3.

and breadth be increased by 10 metres, again area remains unchanged. Find the perimeter of the rectangle,
a) 172m
b)192m
c)162m
\) Data inadequate
and breadth be increased by 5 metres, again area remains unchanged. Find the area of the rectangle,
a) 283.5 sqm
b) 284 sqm
c) 285 sq m
d) Data inadequate
and breadth be increased by 15 metres, again area remains unchanged. Find the length of diagonal of the
rectangle.
a)90m
b)64m
c)95.3m(approx)
d) 64.8 m (approx)
Answers
l.a
. 2.a
3. c; Hint: Firstfind the length and breadth of the rectangle.
Length = 84 m and breadth = 45 m.
diagonal = V84 + 4 5 = V9081 * 95.3 m
2
Square
4.
5.
6.
The length o f a rectangular plot is 144 m and its area is

same as that of a square plot with one of its sides being
84 m. The width of the plot is:
a) 7 m
b) 49 m
c) 14 m d) Data inadequate
The length of a rectangular hall is 16 metres. I f it can be
partitioned into two equal square rooms, what is the
length of the partition?
a) 16 m
b) 8 m
c) 4 m d) Data inadequate
|UTI Exam 1990|
Find the area of a square whose side is 75 metres.
The side of a square field is 89 metres. By how many
square metres does its area fall short of a hectare?
a)2179sqm b)2099sqm c)2079sqm d)7921 sqm
Two carpets are made at the same price per sq m. One of
them is 25.6 m long and 8.1 m broad, and costs Rs 14400,
the other which is square costs Rs 28900. What is the
length of each side o f the square carpet?
a)20.4m
b)21m
c) 21.5 m
d) Data inadequate
Find, to the nearest cm, the length of the side of a square
' '
" * '*
1
'
piece of ground whose area is of a hectare.
b) 31 m 52 cm
d) 32 m 62 cm
a) 31 m 62 cm
c) 30 m 62 cm
7.
Find the side of a square whose area is 68 sq m.

1
a) 7m
8.
b) 8m
c) 8 m
Rule 20
3
d) 7 m
Find the sides o f two squares, which contain together

12.25 hectares, the sides of the squares being in the ratio
of 3:4.
a)210m,280m
b)90m, 120m
c)150m,200m
d)180m,240m
Answers
1. b; Hint: Required answer =
To find the area of a square if length of one of the sides is

gixen.
;
(84)1
= 7x7 =49m
144
2. b; Hint: Let the length of partition be.x m

or, 1 6 X * = J C + x
2
..x = 8 m
526
6.
3. a
4. c; Hint: 1 hectare = 10000 sq m
14400
5. a; Hint: Rate of the carpet per sq m =
= Rs 69.4
7.
0.1 X Z 3 . D
28900
Area of the square = ^ ^ = 416.42 sq m
a)10.24m
8.
.-. length of the square = ^416.42 = 20.4 m
c)3.41 m
Area of a square field is
a)50m
1
hectare = 1000 sq m
d)5.12 m
hectare. The diagonal of the
b)100m
c)250m
d) 50^/2 m
9.
A square field of 2 sq km is to be divided into two equal

parts by fence which coincides with a diagonal. Find the
length of the fence.
a)2km
b)3km
c)lkm
d) 1.5 km
10. What is the area of a square whose diagonal is 15 metres"
a) 225 sqm b) 112.5 sqm c) 115 sqm d) 125 sqm
11. The area of a square 11370.32 sq metres. Find the lengti
of its diagonal.
.-. length of the side = 7l000 = 31.62 m = 31 m 62 cm
8. a;Hint: ( 3 x ) + ( 4 x ) =12.25x10000 = 122500 or,x=70

2
b)2.56/
square is:
6. a; Hint: 1 hectare = 10000 sq m
7.
The area of a square field is 8 hectares. How long woutr

a man take to cross it diagonally by walking at the rate of
4 km per hour.
a)5min
b)6min
c)4min
d)8min
The diagonal of a square is 3.2 m. Its area is:
.-. sidesare3x = 3 x70 = 210mand4x = 4x70 = 280m.
Rule 21
a) 158.8 m
To find the area of a square if length of the diagonal is

given.
b) 148.8 m
c) 150.6 m
d) 150.8 m
Answers
1
Area of the square = {diagonal)
1. b; Hint: - x (diagonal)
=18
.-. diagonal = 6 m
2. b; Hint: Area of the square plot

= 45 x 40 = 1800 sq m
[See Rule - 9]
Ex.:
Find the area of a square whose length of diagonal is

6 cm.
^(diagonal)
=1800
.-. diagonal = Vl 800x2 = 6 0 m
Area of a square = ] - x (6) = 18 sq cm.

2
3. c
4. a
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Area of a square field is 18 sq m find its length of diagonal.

a) 5 m
b)6m
c ) 4 m d) Data inadequate
What would be the length of the diagonal of a square
plot whose area is equal to the area of a rectangular plot
of 45 m length and 40 m width
a) 42.5 m
b)60m
c) 4800 m
d) Data inadequate
(Bank of Baroda PO -1999)
Find the area of a square whose diagonal is 2.9 metres
long.
a)4.5sqm
b)5sqm
c) 4.205 sqm
Find the area of a square field, the length of whose diagonal is 36 metres.
Find the length o f the diagonal of a square of;area 200
square centimetres.
f
a) 30 cm
b)25cm
c)20cm , d)24cm
5. c;Hint: ^.(diagonal)
= 200
.-. diagonal = ^400 =20 cm

6. b; Hint: Area = 8 hectares = 8 x 10000 = 80000 sq m
l x (diagonal)
=80000
.-. diagonal = Vl 60000 =400m

60x400
.-. required time =
=6min.
7. d
1
8. b; Hint: - x (diagonal) = - x 10000

2
=> diagonal = VL0000 = 100 m.

9. a; Hint: Area=2X100X100X100 = 2000000 sq m
\
Diagonal = V2x 2000000 = 2000 m = 2 km.

10. b
11.d
527
length.
Rule 22
(i) Tofind perimeter of a square if its length ofside is given.
Perimeter of a square = 4* side
a) 4^/2
3.
' /
b) 16-\/2
) 16 m
d) Data inadequate
Find the length of sides of a square field whose diagonal

is 12V2 m.
Ex.:
Find the perimeter of a square field of length of one of

its sides 4 m.
perimeter of the square field = 4 x 4 = 16 m.
(ii) To find the length of the side of a square if perimeter of
the square is given.
a) 12 m
b) 10 m
c) 24 m
d) Data inadequate
Answers
La
2.a
3. a; Hint: 12V2
72 side
.-. side = 12 m.
Rule 24
Perimeter
Length of the side of a square =
To find the diagonal and the perimeter of a square if its

area is given.
Ex.:
Perimeter of a square field is 16 m. Find the length of

its sides.
6
Ex.:
Exercise
1.
3.
Find the perimeter of a square field of length of one of its

sides 5 m.
a) 25 m
b)10m
c)20m d) Data inadequate
Find the perimeter of a square field of length of one of its
sides 6 m.
a) 24 m
b)12m
c)30m
d) None of these
Perimeter of a square field is 28 m. Find the length of its
sides.
a) 7 m
b)6m
c)8m
d)5m
Perimeter of a square field is 24 m. Find the length of its
sides.
a)6m
(ii) Perimeter of a square = 7l6x area
,
. ,
length of sides = = 4 m.
1
(i) Length of diagonal of a square = 72 x area
b)5m
c)9m
Find the length of the diagonal and the perimeter of a

square plot if its area is 400 square metres.
Soln: Applying the above formulae, we have
(i) length of diagonal of the square
= 72 x 7400 = 2072 metres.
(ii) perimeter of the square
= 7 1 6 x 4 0 0 = 4 x 2 0 = 80 metres.
Exercise
1.
In order to fence a square Manish fixed 48 poles. I f the

distance between two poles is 5 metres then what will be
the area of the square so formed?
a)2600 cm
d) None of these
c)3025 cm
1. c
2. a
3. a
4. a
2.
Rule 23
To find the diagonal of a square whose sides are given.
Length of the diagonal of a square =
side
3.
Dlustrative Example
Ix:
Find the diagonal of a square field whose side is of 10

m length.
Length of the diagonal = ^ 2
10= i o 7 2
4.
Exercise
L
Find the diagonal of a square field whose side is of 5 m

length.
a
2.
) 5V2
) I0V2
c) 10 m
d)None ofthese
Find the diagonal of a square field whose side is of 4 m
5.
d) None ofthese
[BSRB Bangalore PO 2000]
The cost of cultivating a square field at the rate of Rs 160
per hectare is Rs 1440. Find the cost of putting a fence
around it at the rate of 75 paise per metre.
a)Rs900
b)Rs850
c)Rs950
d)Rs940
I f the ratio o f areas of two squares is 9 : 1, the ratio of
their perimeters is:
a)9:l
b)3:4
c)3:l
d) 1:3
(Asstt. Grade 1990)
How long wi 11 a man take to walk round the boundary of
a sq field containing 9 hectares at the rate of 6 km an
hour?
a)12min
b)10min
c) 24 min
The perimeter of a square field is 400 m. What is its area?
a) 1 hectare
b) 0.845 hectare
c) 1.2 hectare
2
Answers
b)2500 cm
528
6.
The area of a square field is 6.25 hectares. How long will

it take a man to walk round the outside of it at the rate of
2-j km/hr? (1 hectare = 10000 sq metres)
7.
a)32min
b)24min
c)28min
d)20min
Find in km the length of the wire required to go 10 times
60
.-. required time =
xlOOO =24 min
2500
25
7. c; Hint: Area = x 10000 = 62500 sq m
Perimeter= Vl6x625000 = 1000 m = 1 km
round a square field o f 6 - j hectares.

a)8km
b)5km
c)10km
d)16km
8. Calculate the cost of surrounding with a fence a square
field of 16 hectares at Rs 20 per metre.
a) Rs 30000 b)Rs 24000 c)Rs 32000 d)Rs 36000
9. The cost of levelling and turfing a square cricket field at
Rs 16000 per hectare is Rs 262440. Find the cost of surrounding it with a railing costing Rs 25 per metre.
a) Rs 45000 b)Rs 40500 c)Rs 42500 d)Rs 48500
10. How long will it take to run round a square field containing 1681 sq m at the rate of 4 km an hour?
a)3min
b)2.45min c)3.46min d)2.46min
.-. required length of the wire = 10 x 1 = 10 km

8. c; Hint: Perimeter = V l 6 x 16x10000 = 1600 m
.-. required cost = 1600 x 20 = Rs 32000
262440
9.b; Hint: Area =
Perimeter = ^16x164025 = 1620 m

.-. required cost = 1620 * 25 = Rs 40500
10. d; Hint: Perimeter = -^16x1681 = 164 m
60x164
.-. time required = - , . . . =2.46 min
4x1000
Answers
1. d; Hint: Perimeter = 48 * 5 = 240 metres
'Perimeter^
' 240^
Area =
J -I
{
4
= 60x60 = 3600 sqm
Rule 25
To find the perimeter of a square if its diagonal is given.
Perimeter of the square = (2 V2 x Diagonal)

[See Rule-24(H)]
( Total cost \ 1440

2. a; Hint: Area= [
j ~
^
Ex.:
The diagonal of a square is 10 cm. Find its perimeter

and area.
R a t e / h e c t a r e
= 9 hectares = 90000 sq m
Soln: Applying the above formulae, we have
Perimeter = Vl6x90000 = 1200 m
Perimeter = ^2 * 10 = 20 V2 cm
\
(10)
Area =
50 sqcm. (SeeRule-21)
2
. 1200x75 .
.-. Cost of fencing = = Rs 900
9
3. c; Hint: Required ratio = | = 3 : 1
A
[ v Perimeter a 4Area , See Rule - 24 (ii)]
Exercise
1.
The diagonal of a square is 5 cm. Find its perimeter,
2.
a) 5V2 cm b)6V2"cm c) 10^2 cm d) 1572 cm

The diagonal of a square is 6 cm. Find its perimeter.
4. a; Hint: Area=9x 10,000 sq m

.-. perimeter= V l 6 x 9 x l 0 0 0 0 = 4 x 3 x 100 = 1200m
.-. required time =
5.a;Hint: J\6xArea
Area =
60x1200
_ ,
= 12 min
6x1000
3.
) I2V2
) 6>/2 cm c)24cm
b) 12V2
a) 12 cm
) 6V2
2.a
3. a; Hint: 24-J2
Perimeter = Vl 6x62500 =4 x 250 = 1000 m
Answers
=
2^2
Diagonal
10000 sqm = 1 hectare
6. b; Hint: Area = 6.25 hectare = 6.25 x 10000 = 62500 sq m
d) Data inadequate
Perimeter of a square is 24V2 cm. Find its diagonal,
l.c
=400
400x400
16
= 16.4025 hectare = 164025 sq m
16000
24^2
.'. Diagonal =
2^2
12 cm.
d)8cm
529
Rule 26
Theorem: If the diagonal of a square becomes x times, then
the area of the square becomes x times.
2
(iii) the ratio of their diagonals.

Soln: Detail Method:
Let the sides of the first square be x and the second
square be y.
i
The diagonal of a square increases to its thrice. How
many times will area of the new square become?
Soln: Detail Method: Let the diagonal of the original square
bexm.
Original square, Diagonal = x. Area

have
the required ratios = 4 : 3 .
Exercise
= 9 times of the
2.
x
T
Ratio of the areas of the two squares is 25 : 9. Find the

ratio of their perimeters.
a)5:9
b)9:5
c)5:3
d)3:5
Ratio of the areas of the two squares is 9 : 4. Find the
ratio of their diagonals.
d)9:
c)9:2
a)3:2
b)3: 1
original square.
have
Answers
the required answer = ( 3 ) ~ 9 times.
Theorem: If the perimeter of a square is equal to the perim-
2. a
l.c
Rule 28
Exercise
1.
3.
= 4:3
Ratio of diagonals = x-fl: yyfl = x : y = 4 :3
1.
Area of the new square =
16
Ratio of perimeters = 4x:4y = x : y = 4:3
New square, Diagonal = 3x, Area =
16
Ratio of sides = y->
Ex.:
The ratio of areas of two squares, one having double its

diagonal then the other is
a)2:l
b)3:l
c)3:2
d) 4 : 1
The diagonal of a square increases to its twice. How
a) 2 times
b) 6 times
c) 4 times d) Data inadequate
The diagonal of a square increases to its 4 times. How
a) 16 times b) 2 times
c) 8 times d) None ofthese
Answers
1. d; Hint: Diagonal
(Area)
2.c
eter of a circle, then the side of the square is
7IX-
2)
and
2x
Where, x is the side of the
radius of the circle is
square and r is the radius of the circle.
Ex: 1. There is a square of side 22 cm. Find the radius of the
circle whose perimeter equals the perimeter of the
square.
Soln: Applying the above theorem, we have the
3.a
radius of the circle = ^
= 14 cm.
22
7
2
Rule 27
Theorem: If the ratio of the areas ofsquare A and square B
is a: b, then
(i) the ratio of their sides = 4a : 4b >
(ii) the ratio of their perimeters = 4a :4b and
Ex: 2. There is a circle of radius 7 cm. Find the side of the

square whose perimeter equals the perimeter of the
circle.
Soln: Applying the above theorem,,we have
22 7
the side of the square = x = 11 cm.
7 2
(iii) the ratio of their diagonals = 4a :4b
Exercise
Ex.:
1.
Ratio of the areas of the two squares is 16 : 9. Find

(i) the ratio of their sides,
(ii) the ratio of their perimeters and
There is a square of side 44 cm. Find the radius of the

circle whose perimeter equals the perimeter of the square.
530
2.
3.
a) 7 cm
b) 14 cm
c) 28 cm d) Data inadequate
There is a square of side 11 cm. Find the radius of the
circle whose perimeter equals the perimeter of the square,
a) 7 cm
b)21cm
c)12cm
d)9cm
There is a circle is radius 21 cm. Find the side of the
square whose perimeter equals the perimeter of the circle,
a) 11 cm
b) 22 cm
2.a
60
1. d; Hint: Required answer = [ t
2.c
* \~Z = 5.5 cm [See Nc
3.a
Rule 30
Theorem: A square room is surrounded by a verandah
the outside of the square room) of width 'd' metres. If
area of the verandah is 'A' sq metres, then the area of
Answers
l.c
Answers
3.c
Rule 29
Theorem: If the side of a square is increased by 'x' units
and its area becomes 'y' square units, the side of the square
is given by
units, its area is given by
and its perimeter is given by 41 ^

x
sq units
units.
Note: If the side of a square is increased by ' x ' units and its
area increases by ' y ' units then the side o f the square is
1
given by
units.
A-4d
room is
sq metres and obviously side of
4d
A-4d )
2
square room is given by
metres.
4d
Ex.:
A square room is surrounded by a verandah of \

2 metres. Area of the verandah is 64 sq metres,
the area of the room.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the side of the room ABCD
metres.
Area of the room ABCD = x * x = x sq m,
Width of the path = 2 metres (given)
Sides of the figure A B C D ' = x + 2 + 2
= (x + 4) metres.
2
Ex.:
Length of a square is increased by 8 cm. Its area becomes 208 sq cm. Find its perimeter.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the side of the square be x cm.
Area of the figure A ' B ' C ' D ' = (x + 4) sqm.

2
As per the question, (x + 8)x = x + 208

2
A'
A
or, x + 8 x = x + 2 0 8
.-. x = 26 cm
.-. Perimeter = 4x = 4 * 26 = 104 cm
have
2
the required answer = 4 x
208
8
1.
2.
3.
I f the side of a square be increased by 4 cm, the area

increases by 60 sq cms. The side of the square is:
a) 12 cm
b)13cm
c) 14 cm
d) None of these
Length of a square is increased by 4 cm. Its area becomes 44 sq cm. Find the area of the square.
a) 11 sqcm
b) 44 sqcm
c) 121 sqcm
d) Data inadequate
Length of a square is increased by 9 cm. Its area becomes 135 sqcm. Find its perimeter.
a) 60 cm
b)30cm
c) 45 cm
d) None of these
B'
2
m
(r
D
D'
104 cm
Exercise

Area of the path = 64 sq metres
or, ( + 4) -x
x
=64
or, x +\6 + 8x-x

.. x = 6 metres.
2
=64
or, 8x = 48
Area = x = 6 x 6 = 36 sq metres.
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorerr. i
have
2
the area of the room =
64-4x2 "'
2
4x2
531
Area of the figure A ' B C D ' = (x-4)
64-16
sq m.
( 6 ) = 3 6 sq metres.
2
Exercise
1.
2.
5.
A square room is surrounded by a verandah of width 3

metres. Area of the verandah is 96 sq metres. Find the
area of the room.
a) 36 sqm
b) 25 sqm
c) 49 sq m
d) Data inadequate
area of the room.
a) 42 sqm
b) 49 sqm
c) 36 sqm d) None ofthese
area of the room.
a) 49 sqm
b) 64 sqm
c) 81 sqm
d) 36 sqm
metre. Area of the verandah is 24 sq metres. Find the
area of the room.
a) 25 sqm
b) 16 sqm
c) 36 sqm
d) 30.25 sqm
A path 2m wide running all round a square garden has
an area of 9680 sq m. Find the area of the part of the
garden enclosed by the path.
a) (1208) sq m
b) (1028)
sqm
c) (2208) sq m
d) (1308)
sqm
D
C
Area of the path = 64 sq metres
or, x -{x-4)
2
or, x -x -16
2
2.c
3. a
4. a
64 + 4 x 2 l
2
1.
Theorem: If a square room has a verandah of area 'A' sq

metres and width'd' metres all round it on its inside, then
3.
A + 4d ^
the area of the room is
sq metres and obvi-
4d
A+
ously side of the square room is given as
Ad
4.
4d \
2
metres.
Ex.:
A square room has a verandah of area 64 sq metres

and width 2 metres all round it on its inside. Find the
area of the room.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the side of the room ABCD be x
metres.
Area of the room ABCD = x sq metres
Width of the path = 2 metres (given)
Sides ofthe figure A ' B ' C ' D '
= x - (2 + 2) = (x - 4) metres
2
or, 8x = 80
10x10 = 100 sq m.
Exercise
Rule 31
80
4x2
2.
5. a
+ 8x = 64
.. x = 10 metres.
Area of the room = 10 x 10 = 100 sq metres.
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem,
Area of the room
Answers
l.b
=64
A square field contains 2.89 hectares. It has to be fenced

all-round and a path 10 m wide has to be laid out allround close to the fence inside. I f the cost of fencing is
Rs 50 per m and the cost of preparing the path is Rs 10
per sq metre. Find the total expenses.
a) Rs 64000 b)Rs 34000 c)Rs 94000 d)Rs 98000
A square room has a verandah of area 96 sq metres and
width 3 metres all round it on its inside. Find the area of
the room.
a) 121 sqm
b)132sqm
c) 25 sq m
d) Data inadequate
width 4 metres all round it on its inside. Find the area of
the room.
a)196sqm b)169sqm c)256sqm
d)36sqm
width 1 metre all round it on its inside. Find the area of
the room.
a)49sqm
b)25 sqm
c) 64 sq m
d) Data inadequate
Answers
1. d; Hint: Area of the square = 2.89 hectares = 28900 sq m
Perimeter = ^16x28900
680 m
[See Rule - 24]
.-. Cost of fencing the square field = 680 x 50 = Rs 34000

Now applying the
given rule we have
^ + 4xlQ
4x10
V28900 =170
532
Or, A = 6400 sq m = Area of the path

.-. Cost in preparing the path = 6400 * 10 = Rs 64000
.-. total expenses = Rs 34000 + Rs 64000 = Rs 98000
2. a
3. a
4. a
breadth of the room are 7.5 m and 3.5 m respectively. The

height of the room is:
a) 7.7 m
b)3.5m
c) 6.77 m
d)5.4m
5.
Area of the four walls of a room
Rule 32
(i) To find the area of thefour walls of a room, if its length,
breadth and height are
given. Area of the four walls of a room = 2* (Length +
Breadth) x Height
Ex.:
A room is 8 metres long, 6 metres broad and 3 metres

high. Find the area of the four walls of the room.
Soln: Applying the aboyp formula, we have
Area of the four walls of a room = 2 x (8 + 6) * 3 = 84
sq m.
(it) To find the height of a room, if area offour walls of the
room and Its length
and breadth are given.
6.
7.
8.
Area of four walls of a room is 168 . The breadth and

height of the room are 8 m and 6 m respectively. The
length of the room is:
a) 14m
b)12m
c)3.5m
d)6m
The cost of papering four walls of a room is Rs 48. Each
one of length, breadth and height of another room is
double that of the room. The cost of papering the walls
of this new room is:
a)Rs96
b)Rsl92
c)Rs384
d)Rs288
A hall, whose length is 16 metres and breadth twice its
height, takes 168 metres of paper 2 metres wide for its
four walls. Find the area of the floor.
a) 192sqm b) 196sqm c) 129sqm d) 190sqm
Find the cost of painting the walls of a room of 5 metres
long, 4 metres broad and 4 metres high at Rs 8.50 per sq
metre.
a)Rs610
b)Rs216
c)Rs512
d)Rs612
m
Area of four walls of the room

Height =
metres.
2(Length + Breadth)
9.
EXJ
Area of a hall, whose length is 16 metres and breadth

is half of its length, is 576 sq metres. Find the height
of the room.
the height of the room =
5
2(16+8)
= 12 metres.
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
11.
A room is 13 metres long, 9 metres broad and 10 metres

high. Find the cost of carpeting the room with a carpet
75 cm boardat the rate of Rs 2.40 per metre. What will be
the cost of painting the four walls of the room at Rs 4.65
per sq metre, it being given that the doors and windows
occupy 40 sq metres?
a) Rs 375.50, Rs 1850
b) Rs 374.40, Rs 1860
c) Rs 376, Rs 1875
d) Rs 374.04, Rs 1806
The cost of papering the walls of a room 12 metres long
at the rate of 45 paise per square metre is Rs 113.40 and
the cost of matting the floor at the rate of 35 paise per
square metre is/Rs 37.80. Find the height of the room.
a)9m
b)8m
c)6m
d)12m
The length and breadth of a room are in the ratio 4:3 and
its height is 5.5 metres. The cost of decorating its walls
at Rs 6.60 per square metre is Rs 5082. Find the length
and breadth of the room.
a)40m,30m b)50m,40m c)30m,25m d)40m,20m
Area of four walls of a room is 77
10.
. The length and
12.
13.
The cost of painting the walls of a room 7 metres

6
long, 4 metres wide at Rs 16.20 per sq metre is Rs 1940.40.
How high is the room?
a) 4 m
b) 4 ! m
c) 4 m
d) 4- m
3
3
4
4
How many metres of wall paper 2 metres wide will be
required for a room 8.3 metres long, 4.2 metres wide and
4 metres high?
a)40m
b)50m
c)45m
d)75m
The area of the four walls of a room is 5940 sq dm and the
length is twice the breadth, the height being 33 dm. Find
the area of the ceiling.
a) 18 sqm
b) 1.8 sqm c) 16 sqm
d) 1.6 sqm
A rectangular room is 6 m wide and 3 m high. If the area
of its walls is 81 sq m, find the length,
a) 6.5 m
b)5m
c)6m
d)7.5m
A room is 10.5 metres long and 6.25 metres broad. The
cost of papering the walls with paper 1.5 m wide at Rs 24
per metre is Rs 2680. Find the height of the room,
14. The length of room is 1^- times its breadth. The cost of
carpeting it at Rs 150 per sq metres is Rs 14400 and the
cost of white washing the four walls at Rs 5 per sq metre
is Rs 625. Find the length, breadth and height of the
room.
, 1
a) 12 m, 8 m, 3 m
8
b) 1 2 ^ , 8^
m
; 3-
533
.-. cost of papering [2(2/ + 2b) x 2h\n
3
2
2
c) 12 m, 8 m, 3 m
d) Data inadequte
ie 4[2(/ + 6 ) x A ] = 4 x 4 8 =RS192
15. The length of a room is 6.5 metres. The cost of painting

the walls at Rs 56 per sq metre is Rs 4928 and the cost of
carpeting the room at Rs 224 per sq metre is Rs 6552.
Find the height and width of the room.
a)4m,5m
b)4.5m,5.5m
c)4 m, 4.5 m
d) Data inadequate
16. The length of a room is double the breadth. The cost of
colouring the ceiling at Rs 25 per sq m is Rs 5000 and the
cost of painting the four walls at Rs 240 per sq m is Rs
64800. Find the height of the room.
a)4m
b)4.5m
c)3.5m
d)5m
17. Two square rooms, one a metre longer each way than
the other, are of equal height, and cost respectively Rs
33600 and Rs 35280 to paper the walls at Rs 70 per sq m.
Find the height.
a) 6 m
b)8m
c)5m
d)4m
7. a; Hint: 2(16 + 2h)h = 168x2

or, h +8/7-84 = 0
2
By solving the above equation we get h= 6 and -14

.-. height = 6 m and breadth = 12 m (neglecting negative
value of h)
.-. area of the floor = 16 x 12 = 192sqm
8.d
1940.40
9. c; Hint: Area of the four walls =
47
2
" T
19404
=
" ^ 2 -
1078
h=
9x2| y
Answers
f ,
13x9x 100
2.40x
or, (8 + h)h = 84
sqm
16.20
1078
^
= 4 m.
3
3
+5
1. b; Hint: Cost of carpet =
= Rs 374.40
[See Rule-54]
75
Area of four walls = [2 (13 + 9) x 10] = 440 sq m
Area to be painted = Rs (440 - 40) = 400 sq m
Cost of painting = Rs (400 x 4.65) = Rs 1860
2. c; Hint: Area of floor
10. b; Hint: Required answer =
2x4(8.3 + 4.2)
= 50 m.
11. a; Hint: 2 x 33 (x+20) = 5940

.-. x=30dm = 3mandlength=2x=2 x30 = 60dm = 6m
.-. area of the ceiling = 6 x 3 = 18 sqm
15
x = =7.5m
2
12.d;Hint:2x3(x + 6) = 81
Total cost
( 3780
Rate per sqm
35
.-. Breadth of the room =
= 108 sqm
Area of floor _H08

Length of the room
12
= 9 metres
Now, area of four walls
Area of the paper =
2680
24
24
15
10 = sqm
,
i'.-^
2680 15
Now, as per the question 2 x h(\0.5 + 6.25) = rr-x
n
Total cost of Papering
11340
Rate per sq metre
35
= 252 sqm
Let the height of room be h metres.

Then,2x(12 + 9 ) x h = 252
252
6 metres.
.-. Height, h 2x21
16.75x2
- 5 m.
14. a; Hint: Area ofthe room =
( 5082^1
6.6 )
= 770 sq m
Now,2(4x+3x)x5.5=770
or,x=10
.-. length = 4x = 4 x 10 = 40m and breadth
= 3 x = 3 x 10 = 30m.
4.b
5.d
6. b; Hint: Cost of papering [2(1 + b) x h\n
= Rs 48
167.5
h~
3. a; Hint: Area of the four walls =
2680
13. a; Hint: Length of the paper =
Or. xx x = 96
2
14400
,
= 96 sq m
150
e
x = 8 m = breadth
.-. length = - x 8 = 12m
Area of the four walls
Or,2xh(12 + 8)=125
625
125 sq m
'
"
8 m
534
15. c; Hint: Area of floor of the room =

Now, 6.5 x x =
6552
4.
6552
224
x = 4.5m
224
Area of the four walls of the room =
4928
, = 88 sq m
56
h = 4m.
Or,2xh(6.5+4.5) = 88
16. b
17. a; Hint: Let the side of one square be x m and the other be
(x+l)m.
...
, 33600
Now, as per the question, 2n(x + x) - .-. hx=120
...
480
Find the areas of the following parallelograms

(i) Base 26 metres, height 8 metres
a) 208 sqm
b) 206 sqm
c) 200 sqm
d) 205 sqm
(ii) Base 54 metres, height 22 metres
a)1288sqm
b) 1388sqm
c) 1188 sqm
d) 1088 sqm
Answrs
1. a
2. a;Hint:338 = x x 2 x
.\x = 26
.-. base =13 metres and the altitude = 26 metres
3. b
4.(i) a
(ii)c
Rule 34
(i)and
Theorem: To find the area of a parallelogram, if the lengths

of the two adjacent sides and the length of the diagonal
connecting the ends of the two sides are given, (see the
figure).
D'
b C

35280
,
2(x + l)x2h =
= 504
70
.-. xh+h=126
(ii)
Putting the value of xh from equ (i) into the equ (ii)
_vh = 126-120 = 6 m
r
Parallelogram
Rule 33
Theorem: To find the area of a parallelogram if its Base
and Height are given.
Area of a parallelogram = Base x Height.
D
_C
A'
B'
Where, 'a' and 'b' are the two adjacent sides and 'D' is the
diagonal connecting the ends of the two sides.
Area of a parallelogram = 2^s(s - a\s - b\s - D) and S =
a + b+ D
h (Height)/
Base
Ex.:
Ex.:
One side of a parallelogram is 17 cm. The perpendicular distance between this and the opposite side is 13
cm. Find the area of the parallelogram.
Soln: Here,b= 17cmandh= 13cm
Now, applying the above formula,
Area of parallelogram = Base * Height = 17 x 13 = 221
cm .
The two adjacent sides o f a parallelogram are 5 cm

and 4 cm respectively, and if the respective diagonal
is 7 cm then find the area of the parallelogram?
Soln: Required area = 2yjs(s - afc - b\s - D)

Where S =
Exercise
2.
3.
Find the area of a parallelogram whose base is 35 metres

and altitude 18 metres.
The area of a parallelogram is 338 sq m. I f its altitude is
twice the corresponding base, determine the base and
the altitude.
a)13m,26m b) 14m,28m c) 15m,30m d)12m,24m
One side of a parallelogram is 14 cm. Its distance from
the opposite side is 16 cm. The area of the parallelogram
is:
a) 112c/w
b)224 cm
c)56 n cm
d)210 cm
5+4+7
2^/8(8-5X8-4X8-7)
1.
a+b+D
= 2>/8x3x4 = 8 ^ 6 =19.6 sqcm.
Exercise
1.
2.
Find the area of a parallelogram; i f its two adjacent sides

are 12 cm and 14 cm and i f the diagonal connecting the
ends is 18 cm.
a) 176.49 sq cm
b) 167.49 sq cm
c) 167.94 sq cm
d) None of these
Find the area of a parallelogram wh.ose two adjacent sides
are 130 metres and 140 metres and one of the diagonals
is 150 metres long.
a) 16800 sqm
'
b)i7800sqm
535
3.
c) 18600 sq m
Find the area of a parallelogram whose two adjacent sides
are 130 metres and 140 metres and one of the diagonals
is 150 metres long. Find also the cost of gravelling it at
the rate of Rs 10 per square metre,
a) 15800sqm,Rs 158000 b) 16800 sqm, Rs 168000
c) 14800 sq m, Rs 148000 d) None of these
Rule 36
Theorem: To find the sides of a parallelogram if the distance between its opposite sides and the area of the parallelogram is given.
Answers
he
2. a
3.b
Rule 35
h>^v{'
Theorem: In a parallelogram, the sum of the squares of the

diagonals = 2* (the sum of the squares of the two adjacent
sides)
or, D +D
2
l(a +b )
2
o
Here, ABCD is a parallelogram, h and h are the distance between opposite sides, 7' and 'b' are the sides of the
parallelogram. 'A' is area of the parallelogram.
x
A=lh =
bh
Where, D and D are the diagonals and a and b are the

x
Ex.:
In a parallelogram, the lengths of adjacent sides are

12 cm and 14 cm respectively. I f the length of one
diagonal is 16 cm, find the length of the other diagonal.
Soln: In a parallelogram, the sum of the squares of the diagonals = 2 x (the sum o f the squares of the two
adjacent sides)
or, D +D
2
A_
:.l=
22
Ex.:
A parallelogram has an area of 160 cm . I f the distance

between its opposite sides are 10 cm and 16 cm. Find
the sides of the parallelogram.
i 680 - 256 = 424
1 6 0
l.c
2. a
3. a
,n
1 6 0
Breadth of the parallelogram = -rr- H i cm.
Exercise
.'. * = V424 = 20.6
A parallelogram, the lengths of whose sides are 11 cm

and 13 cm has one diagonal 20 cm long. Find the length
of another diagonal.
a) 15 cm
b)18cm
c) 20 cm
A parallelogram, the lengths o f whose sides are 11 cm
and 8 cm has one diagonal 10 cm long, find the length of
the other diagonal.
a) 17.78 cm (approx)
b) 18.68 cm (approx)
c) 17.87 cm (approx)
d) Data inadequate
In a parallelogram, the lengths of adjacent sides are 24
cm and 28 cm respectively. I f the length of one diagonal
is 32 cm, find the length of the other diagonal.
a) 41.2 m (approx)
b) 31 m (approx)
c) 43.2 m (approx)
d) None of these
Answers
Length of the parallelogram = -~r- -1 o cm.
1.
Exercise
3.
A_
^
2.
andb=
l{a +b )
or, 256 + x =2(144+196)
1.
or, 1 6 + x = 2 ( l 2 + 1 4 )
x 2
adjacent sides.
or,
2.
3.
A parallelogram has an area o f 150 cm . I f the distance

between its opposite sides are 15 cm and 25 cm. Find the
sides of the parallelogram.
a) 10 cm, 6 cm
b) 12 cm, 8 cm
c) 8 cm, 4 cm
d) Data indequate
A parallelogram has an area o f 144 cm . I f the distance
a) 12 cm, 9 cm
b) 10 cm, 6 cm
c) 14 cm, 10 cm
d) None of these
A parallelogram has an area of 196 cm . I f the distance
a) 28 cm, 14 cm
b) 14 cm, 7 cm
c) 28 cm, 21 cm
d) Data inadequate
2
Answers
l.a
2. a
3. a
536
Rhombus
4.
Rule 37
Theorem: To find perimeter of a rhombus if the length of
the two diagonals are given.
Perimeter of the rhombus = ^2^/(rf, +^)j
2
units.
Where, d and d are the two diagonals.

x
Answers
Area of square _ base x base
1. a, Hint. ^
^
|j
base height
r e aQ
In a rhombus, the length of the two diagonals are 40
metres and 30 metres respectively. Find its perimeter.
perimeter of the rhombus
Ex.:
= 2 /(40) +(30) = 2^2500 = 50x2 = 100m.

A
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
In a rhombus, the length of the two diagonals are 3 metres

and 4 metres respectively. Find its perimeter.
a) 14m
b)10m
c)5m
d)7m
a)20m
b)40m
c)25m
d)45m
a)30m
b)45m
c)60m
d)55m
2.b
axa
a
= > 1, since a > h
axn
n
3.b
4. a
Rule 39
Theorem: To find the side and one of the diagonals of a
rhombus if area and one of Us diagonals are given.
2A
(i) Diagonal of the rhombus [d ) = ^
2
if
1,2
(ii) Side of the rhombus Where,
A = area of the rhombus

d = length of the one diagonal
x
d = length of the other diagonal.

2
Answers
l.b
c) 625 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
The side and the height of a rhombus are 12 cm and 18
cm respectively. Find its area.
a)216sqcm
b)261sqcm
c) 316 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
2.b
3.c
Rule 38
Theorem: To find area of a rhombus If the side and the
height are given.
Ex.:
A rhombus of area 24 sq cm has one of its diagonals

of 6 cm. Find the other diagonal and side of the rhombus.
Soln: Detail Method: Area = 24 sq cm
Length of the diagonal = d = 6 cm
x
Area of the rhombus = (side x height) sq units.

Area = - (Product o f its diagonals) =
Ex.:
The side and the height of a rhombus are 14 cm arid

area of the rhombus = 14 cm * 30 cm = 420 sq cm.
Exercise
1.
1
d) equal to
The side and the height o f a rhombus are 15 cm and 25

cm respectively. Find its area,
a) 325 sqcm
b) 375 sqcm
c) 345 sq cm
d) None of these
The side and the height of a rhombus are 20 cm and 30
cm respectively. Find its area,
a) 900 sq cm
b) 600 sq cm
24 x 2
= 8 cm
Side= -4d +d
= - W 8 + 6 =5 cm
2'
2
Quicker Method: Applying the above formula, we
have
x2
I f a square and a rhombus stand on the same base, then

the ratio of areas of square and rhombus is:
a) greater than 1
b) equal to 1
1
c) equal to
2 Area
d =
^-xd xd
22
2x24
.
(0 Diagonal of the rhombus = ~ = cm
1
36.+
4x24x24
(ii) Side of the rhombus = 2

10
cm
6x6
537
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
A rhombus ofarea 6 sqm has one ofits diagonals of 3 m.

Find the other diagonal and side of the rhombus.
a) 4 m, 5 m
b) 6 m, 8 m
c) 4 m, 2.5 m
d) Data inadequate
A rhombus of area 96 sq m has one of its diagonals of 12
m. Find the other diagonal and side of the rhombus.
a) 16m, 10m
b)8m,20m
c)16m,20m
d)8m, 10m
A rhombus of area 216 sq cm has one of its diagonals of
24 cm. Find the other diagonal and side of the rhombus.
a)18cm,30cm
b) 18cm, 15cm
c) 9 cm, 15 cm
d) Data inadequate
f i
-\
= 8 x ^ 9 = 8 x 3 = 24 sq cm
Area= 8
Note: Expression of the above theorem can be written as

follows,
(i) Area of the rhombus
'Perimeter^
J
( d^
sq units.
{2
(ii) Length of the other diagonal
Answers
l.c
2.a
3.b
= 2
Rule 40
Theorem: If one of the diagonals of a rhombus of side 'x'
units measures'd' units, then the area of the rhombus is
r
given by d
\x
\1
\
2
sq units and the length of the
UJ
other diagonal is 2 x
if*
V
2
-
units.
* J
2.
units.
Find the area of a rhombus one side of which measures

20 cm and one of whose diagonals is 24 cin.
a) 384 sqcm
b) 348 sqcm
c) 484 sq cm
One side of a rhombus is 10 cm and one of its diagonals
is 12 cm. The area of the rhombus is:
a) 120 cm
b)60 cm
c) 80 cm
d)96 cm
One of the diagonals of a rhombus of side 5 cm measures 8 cm. Find the area of the rhombus.
Soln: Detail Method: We know that the diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right angle.
From the figure we can write for right angled triangle,
~{~2)
Exercise
( 1
(d
" I f perimeter and one of the diagonals of a rhombus are given,

then the area and the length of the other diagonal can be
calculated."
1.
( Perimeter^
Ex.:
Answers
1. a; Hint: Required answer = 24 ^|20 -
5 cm
d2
\>'
24V
= 16x24
T j
= 384 sq cm
2. d
8 cm
Rule 41
D
To find the area of a rhombus if its diagonals are given.
A
= V25-16 = 3 cm
.-. d = 3 x 2 = 6 cm
2
Area of the rhombus

= xd, xd
2
= x 8 x 6 = 24 cm
2
Area of a rhombus
1
x D, x D = ^-(Product of diagonals)
2

a) 6 cm
b) 3.5 cm
c) 2.5 cm
d)5cm
Find the side of a rhombus one of whose diagonals measures 12 cmjand the other 16 cm.
a) 10cm
I b)20cm
c)12cm
d)15cm
Find the side of a rhombus one of whose diagonals measures 18 cm and the other 24 cm.
a) 20 cm
b)30cm
c)15cm d) Data inadequate
Ex.:
Find the area of a rhombus one o f whose diagonals

measures 8 cm and the other 10 cm.
1
8x10
Soln: Area = (product of diagonals) = r = 40 sq cm.
Exercise
1.
I f the perimeter of a rhombus is 4a and lengths of the

diagonals are x and y, then its area is:
a)a(x + y)
2.
b)x +y
2
c)xy
(NDA1990)
In a rhombus whose area is 144 sq cm one of its diagonals is twice as long as the other. The lengths of its
diagonals are:
a) 24 cm, 48 cm
c)
3.
4.
111
d)-xy
c m
b) 12 cm, 24 cm
> 12V2
l.c
Trapezium
2. a
3.c
Rule 43
To find the area of a trapezium, when length of parallel
sides and the perpendicular distance between them is given.
1
Area of a trapezium = (sum ofparallel sides x perpen1
dicular distance between the parallel sides) = (a + b)h;
d)6cm, 12 cm
Answers
(CDS 1989)
Find the area of a rhombus one of whose diagonals measures 6 cm and the other 12 cm.
a) 36 sq cm
b) 24 sq cm
c) 20 sq cm
d) None of these
Find the area of a rhombus one of whose diagonals measures 8 cm and the other 18 cm.
a) 42 sq cm
b) 72 sq cm
c) 52 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
where a and b are the parallel sides of the trapezium and h

is the perpendicular distance between the sides a and b.
Ex.:
A trapezium has the perpendicular distance between

the two parallel sides 60 m. I f the lengths of the parallel sides be 40 m and 130 m, then find the area of the
trapezium.
^
Answers
Area of a trapezium = ^ (l 30 + 40)60 = 85 x 60 = 5100
1. d;
2. b; Hint: Let its diagonals be x cm and 2x cm. Then
1
,
- x x x 2 x = 144=>x =144 or,x=12
2
Lengths of diagonals are 12 cm, 24 cm
3.a
4.b
sqm.
Exercise
1.
Rule 42
To find the sides of the rhombus if its two diagonals are
given.
Side of rhombus = ^x^D
+D
22
; Where, D, and D
2.
are the two diagonals.
Find the side of a rhombus one of whose diagonals
measures 6 cm and the other 8 cm.
3.
4.
Exercise
1.
Find the side of a rhombus one of whose diagonals measures 4 cm and the other 3 cm.
side= - x V(6) + (8) = ~ x ^(36 + 64) = 5 cm.

2
a)9m
b)\2m
c)6 m
d)18/w
The cross section of a canal is a trapezium in shape. I f
the canal is 10 m wide at the top and 6 m wide at the
bottom and the area of cross section is 640 m , the
length of canal is:
a)40m
b)80m
c)160ri1
d)384m
The area of a trapezium is 384 sq cm. If its parallel sides
are in the ratio 3 : 5 and the perpendicular distance between them be 12 cm, the smaller of parallel sides is:
a) 16 cm
b)24cm
c)32cm
c)40cm
2
Ex.:
The cost of ploughing trapezoid field at the rate of Rs

1.35 per square metre is Rs 421.20. The difference between the parallel sides is 8 metres and the perpendicular distance between them is 24 metres. Find the length
of parallel sides.
a)17m,9m
b)28m,20m
c) 34 m, 26 m
The two parallel sides of a trapezium are 1 m and 2 m
respectively. The perpendicular distance between them
is 6 m. The area of trapezium is:
Answers
1. a; Hint: Let the length of parallel sides be x and y.
Area =
421.20
= 312 sq m
Now, applying the given rule,

312 = - ( x + v)x24
.-. x + y = 2 6
2
and x - y = 8 (given)
(ii)
By solving equ (i) and equ (ii), we get
x = 17mandy = 9m.
(i)
3.
2. a
3. b; Hint: let the length of canal be x m.
l..
,.
640x2
Then, - ( 1 0 + 6 ) x * = 640=>;r = = 80m.
2
16
n
are 105 metres and 72 metres. Find the cost of ploughing

the field at the rate of 60 paise per square metres.
a)Rs3404
b)Rs3440 c)Rs3574
d)Rs3414
The two parallel sides of a trapezium measure 58 metres
and 42 metres respectively. The other two sides are equal,
each being 17 metres. Find its area.
a) 570 sqm
b) 750 sqm
c) 740 sq m
d) 760 sq m
Find the area of a trapezium whose parallel sides are 11
metres and 25 metres long and the non-parallel sides are
15 metres and 13 metres long respectively.
a)216sqm
b)316sqm
c)215sqm
d)206sqm
Answers
1.a; H i n t : k = 120 - 75 = 45
45 + 105 + 72
s=
1
3 84 x 2
4. b;Hint: - ( 3 s + 5 * ) x l 2 = 384 =>x =
=s
2.
8x12
.-. Smaller side = 24 cm.
Area =
Rule 44
45
yjl 11(1 11 + 45X1 11 -105X11 1-72)
= 5673.66
Theorem: Tofindthe area of a trapezium, when the lengths

of parallel sides and non-parallel sides are given.
Area of a trapezium =
120 + 75
^(s-kfe-cfc-d)
.-. the cost of ploughing the field =
k+c+ d
trapezium. And s =
Ex.:
In a trapezium, parallel sides are 60 and 90 cms respectively and non-parallel sides are 40 and 50 cms
respectively. Find its area.
Soln: k = difference between the parallel sides
= 9 0 - 6 0 = 30 cm
Let c be 40 cm then d = 50 cm
k+c+ d
30 + 40 + 50. 120
,
Now,s=
=
= = 60 ciri
a+ b
k
s(s - k\s - c)[s - d)
60 + 90
30
^60(60 - 30X60 - 40X60 - 50)
= 5V60x30x20xl0 = 5 x 600 = 3000 sq cm.
100
3. a
Rule 45
To find the perpendicular distance between the two parallel sides of the trapezium.
Perpendicular distance =
5673.66x60
Rs3404
2b
where, k = (a - b) ie the difference between the parallel

sides and c and d are the two non-parallel sidec of the
Area
= 111
j-J ( ~ H ~ )i ~ )
s
ci
where, k = (a - b) ie the difference between the parallel

sides and c and d are the two non-parallel sides of the
trapezium.
And s =
k+c+ d
2
Ex.:
In a trapezium parallel sides are 60 and 90 cm respectively and non-parallel sides are 40 and 50 cm respectively. Find the perpendicular distance between the
two parallel sides of the trapezium.
2
Soln: h = T j s{s - k\s - c\s - d) [k=(90-60) = 30ands
30 + 40 + 50
= 60]
Exercise
1.
A field is in the form of a trapezium whose parallel sides

are 120 metres and 75 metres and the non-parallel sides
0
1
= x V 6 0 x 3 0 x 2 0 x l O = x 6 0 0 = 40 cm
30
15
540
Exercise
Exercise
1.
1.
2.
In a trapezium parallel sides are 30 and 45 cm respectively and non-parallel sides are 20 and 25 cm respectively. Find the perpendicular distance between the two
parallel sides of the trapezium.
a) 40 cm
b)45cm
c)20cm
d)25cm
The two parallel sides of a trapezium of area 400 sq cm

measure 15 cm and 35 cm. What is the height of the
trapezium.
a) 15cm
b)25cm
c)16cm
d)24cm
The height of a trapezium is 20 cm. Area and one of its
parallel sides are 250 sq cm and 16 cm respectively. Find
the other parallel side.
a) 9cm
b) 8 cm
c) 12 cm
d) Data inadequate
trapezium.
2.
3.
3.
, 40>/5
a) - cm
40A/3
b) - cm
c) 8A/3
d) Data inadequate
, 30V3
a)
cm
7
20V3
b) - cm
: 20V5
c) - cm
d) Data inadequate
b)10cm
c)15cm
d)21cm
Answers
2.a;Hint: 20 = 2x250
x + 16
l.c
x = 9 cm.
3.b
Circle
Rule 47
Theorem: Tofind the circumference of a circle when radius
is given.
Answers
l.c
a)5cm
2a
3.c
Rule 46
Circumference of a circle = 2nr or, nd [: Diameter (d) =

2rJ
Note: To find the radius of a circle when perimeter or circumference is given.
(i) Radius of a circle =
Theorem: Tofind the height of the trapezium if its area and

parallel sides are given.
(ii) Diameter =
2A )
Perimeter or circumference
and
2n
Perimeter r _ .
i
Diameter = 2r\
Height =
Where, A = Area of the trapezium, a and b are the length of
Ex. 1: Find the perimeter or circumference of a circle of radius 7 cm.

J- ,
22
Circumference = 27tr = 2 x x 7 = 44
X
Ex. 2: Find the radius o f a circular field whose circumfer1

encemeasures 5 km.
2
22
Take n =
7
ABCD is a trapezium.
Ex.:

trapezium.
C_
Soln: r
.-. required radius

2x800
Height = 25 + 55
2x800
80
= 20 cm.
11x1000
xl000x7
= - r
m = 2m = 875m.
27i
2x22
2
elementary Mensuration - I
Exercise
3.b
['. Diameter = 2 x radius]
The perimeter of a semi circle of 56 cm diameter will be:

a) 144cm
b)232cm
c) 154cm
d) 116cm
[Bank PO Exam 1989]
Find the circumference o f a circle whose radius is 42
metres.
The difference between the circumference and diameter
of a circle is 210 metres. Find the radius of the circle.
A circular wire of radius 42 cm is cut and bent in the form
of a rectangle whose sides are in ratio 6 : 5 . The smaller
side of the rectangle is:
a) 30 cm
b)60cm
c)72cm
d) 132 cm
11. Tax and Central Excise 1989]
The difference between the circumference and the radius of a circle is 74 metres. Find the diameter of the
circle.
a)28m
b)14m
c)7m
d)35m
Find the cost of fencing a circular field of 560 metres
radius at Rs 332 per 10 metres.
a)Rs 118684
b)Rs 118584
c)Rs 116864
d)Rs 116854
Note: To find the radius of a circle when its area is given.
J Area
Area
(ii) Diameter of the circle = 2
Ex. 1: Find the area of a circular field of radius 7 m.
Area of the circular field
22
= nr
and
22
radius =
1.
Find the circumference and the area of a circle of diameter 98 cm.

a) 308 cm, 7546 sq cm
b) 380 cm, 7456 sq cm
c) 380 cm, 7645 sq cm
d) 308 cm, 7545 sq cm
The length of a rope by which a buffalo must be tethered
in order that she may be able to graze an area of9856 sq
m, is:
a)56m
b)64m
c)88m
d)168m
[I. Tax and Central Excise 19891
3.
Find the area of a circle whose radius is 3-1 km.
22
r(jt -1)=105 or,r
105
105x7
.-. r = = 4 9 m
22
4. b;Hint:2(6x + 5x) = 2x x 4 2
4.
or,x=12
.-. smaller side = 5x = 5 x 12 = 60 cm

5. a; Hint:27tr-r = 74
74x7
or, r(2 7t -1) = 74 or,r =
5.
= 14m
.-. diameter = 14 x 2 = 28m

332
22
6. c; Hint: Required cost = x 2 x y x 560 = Rs 11 6864
6.
Rule 48
7.
Theorem: Tofindthe area of a circle if radius is given.

f Diameter^
Area
of
circle
nr
71
= V 7 ^ 7 = 7 cm.
Exercise
x28 + 56 = 144 cm
_. a
3a; Hint:27ir-2r= 210
x 7 x 7 = 154 sqm.
Ex. 2: Find the radius of a circular table whose surface area

is 154 cm .
Answers
!. a; Hint: Perimeter = (nr + 2r) =
and
a) 38.5 sq km
b)83.5sqkm
c) 36.5 sq km
d) None of these
I f the radius o f one circle is twelve times the radius of
another, how many times does the area of the greater
contain the area of the smaller?
a) 12 times
b) 64 times
c) 144 times
d) Data inadequate
The radius of a circle is 2 metres. What is the radius of
another circle whose area is 9 times that of the first?
a) 18m
b)12m ,
c)6m
d)9m
Find the area of a circle whose diameter is 200 cm [Take
7t=3.1416]
a)31416sqcm
b)31516sqcm
c)31216sqcm
d)31816sqcm
The area of a triangular plate of which the base and the
altitude are 33 cm and 14 cm respectively is to be reduced to one third by drilling a circular hole through it.
Calculate the diameter of the hole.
a)7cm
b)14cm
c)6cm
d)12cm
PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER
542
Answers
Exercise
1. a; Hint: Diameter of the circle = 98 cm

Its radius=49 cm
1.
.-. Circumference =
^ y
2 n r
2 x
x 4 9
=3.08 metres
The area of a circle is 38.5 square metres. Find its circm*-;

ference.
The circumference of a circle is 6.6 metres. Find its area,
a)3.465sqm b)4.365sqm c)3.565 sqm d)3.466sqm
The circumference of a circle is 352 m. Its area is:
2.
3.
(See Rule-47)
a)9856 /w
And,area = ^
2. a; Hint: nr = 9 8 5 6 = > r
2
22
77
T
7t(12r)
144
5 = = 144 times
nr
1
2
nr'
2
71(2)
or,
b) sq km c)
l.a; Hint: 38.5 =
sq km d) 27t sq km
(circumference)
An
.-. circumference = 1/
2. a
r = 6m
371
Answers
=36
r 2
= (448x7)
a) 7t sq km
22 7
3. a; Hint: Area= Y*!*!
5 c ; Hint:
c)6589 m
d)5986 m
|NDA Examl99(t
Find the area of a circle whose circumference is 6 km.
4.
9856 x
r=56m.
4. c; Hint:
b)8956 / M
= ( y - x 4 9 x 4 9 J = 7 5 4 6 sqcm
M A T H S
38.5x4x22 _ .
z.
V4s4 =22 metres
4. a
3. a
6. a
Rule 50
7. b; Hint: Area of plate =
Reduced area = - x 2 3 1
1 x !
j = 231 sqcm
Theorem: To findarc oja sector, when 9 (angle subtended

by the arc at the centre of a circle of which arc is a part) and
circumference (or perimeter) is given.
( 1
= 77 sq cm
(i) Arc of a sector = |,
Area of hole = (231 - 77) = 154 sq cm

7tr =154
2
(ii) Circumference =
or, r = x7 = 7 x 7 ...
J x circumference
360 x Arc of sector
/7x7 =7cm
(iii) Area of a sector = -TTT * nr [If only radius (r)
.-. Diametdr = 2 r = 2 x 7 = 1 4 c m
Rule 49
of the circle is given]

1
Theorem: To find the area of circle if its perimeter or circumference is given.

(circumference)
Area of a circle =
47t
= x radius x length of arc
Ex.:
Ex.:
The circumference of a circular garden is 1012 m. Find

the area.
Length of a metal wire is 60 cm. Metal wire is bent anc

made an arc as a part of perimeter of a circle. If this arc
subtends'an angle of 60 at the centre, then find the
perimeter of the circle.
360x60 , .
Circumference = = 360 m .
60
x n
Area= 4x
22
=81466 q m .
S
Exercise
1. : In a circle of radius 28 cm, an arc subtends an angle c
elementary Mensuration - I
4
krr
72 at the centre. Find the length of the arc and the area
of the sector so formed.
a) 35.2 cm, 492.8 sq cm
b) 36 cm, 493 sq cm
c) 35.4 cm, 492.8 sq cm
d) None of these
The length of an arc subtending an angle of 72 is 22 cm.
Find the radius of the circle.
a) 17 cm
b) 17.5 cm
c) 18.5 cm
d)27.5cm
The radius of a circle is 35 cm. Find the area of a sector
enclosed by two radii and an arc 44 cm in length.
a) 770 sq cm
b) 670 sq cm
c) 780 sqcm
If a piece of wire 20 cm long is bent into an arc of a circle
subtending an angle of 60 at the centre, then the radius
of the circle (in cm) is:
7i
a
543
> m
7i
^To
120
c
> V
the corner by the same rope, over what area can it graze?
a) 254 sq m
b) 462 sq m
c) 616 sq m
d) Data inadequate
10. Find the length of the arcs cut off from a circle of radius
.7 cm by a chord 7 cm long.
1
a) I-m,
b)
c) 8 - m, 32 m
_2
d) None of these
1
3
a) 7 - sqm, 71 q m
2
4
b) <> sqm, 7 2 y q m
3
sqm, '> sqm
c)
d) Data inadequate
Answers
2wx9
^ go
1. a; Hint: Length of arc =
(_ 22
72
2xx28x
7
360.
N
= 35.2 cm
7tr x0
d) Data inadequate
3
3
(ii) arc = 9 metres and radius = 9 metres
8
5
a) 48 sq m
b) 45 sq m
c) 44 sq m
d) 55 sq m
From a circular piece of cardboard of radius 3 metres two
sectors of 40 have been cut off. Find the area of the
remaining portion.
a) 22 sqm
b) 44 sqm
c) 28 sqm
d) 18 sqm
The area of a sector is one-twelfth that of the complete
circle. Find the angle of the sector,
a) 45
b)60
c)90
d)30
p- (i) A horse is placed inside a rectangular enclosure 40
metres by 36 metres and is tethered to one corner by a
rope 14 metres long. Over what area can it graze?
a)154sqm
b)124sqm
c) 164 sq m
d) Data inadequate
(ii) I f the horse is outside the enclosure and is tethered to
x28x28x
360
360
= 492.8 sq cm
72
b) 348 sqm
72
(22
Area of the sector =
22
i
Taking n = , find the area of the sector when
*
.7
(i) angle = 90 and radius = 21 cm
c) 347 sq m
> T
[NDAExam 1990]
Find the area of sectors o f a circle whose radius is 6
metres
(i) when the angle at the centre is 42.
a)13.2sqm
b)14sqm
c) 25 sqm
d) 12 sqm
(ii) when the length of the arc is 11 metres,
a)33 sqm
b) 34 sqm
c) 32 sq m
d) Data inadequate
a) 346 sq m
1
m, 3b-
I-
11. The radius of a circle of centre O is 5 cm. Two radii OA

and OB are drawn at right angles to each other. Find the
areas of the two segments made by the chord BA.
60
d
2
36j
2 b Hint: 22 =
z. o, n u n . z z
-
3.a;Hint:44= I
* 22
x 2 x - xr
r = 17.5 cm
22
y
0
x
or, 0 = 72.
f22
72
^
Area of sector = x
x35x35 = 770 sq cm
7 360
4. d; Hint: 2nr
360x20 60
.-. r = - cm
60
7t
360x20
60
42 22 , , 66
1
5. (i) a; Hint: Required area = x- x 6 x 6 = = 1 3 iOU
= 13.2 sqm.
1
(ii) a; Hint: Required area = x 6 x 11 = 33sqm
e
6.(i) a
(ii)b
2x40
7. a; Hint: Required area = ^3 ^ J Q .
2
544
i ,. 2 1
nr'
Q
8.d;Hint: = *nr
12
360
1 . ,
25
x 5 x 5 = sqm
2
2
.-. Area of the segment ADB
9x22x7
Area of the
275
-
14
360
:. 6 = =30.
12
A O A B =
25 50 _ 1
= = / sqm and
2
7
7
M
area of the segment AEB
9. (i) a; Hint:
40m
22
= x5x5
50
500
= 7 1 - sqm
Rule 51
OAB is a sector of a circle whose radius is 14 metres.
.-. Area of the sector OAB =
X T C X
14x14
360
1 22
= - x x l 4 x l 4 =154 sqm
4 7
Theorem: There are two concentric circles of radii R and r

respectively. Now consider the following cases.
Case I: If larger circle makes 'n' revolutions to cover m
certain distance, then the smaller circle makes
n revolutions to cover the same distance.
Case II: If smaller circle makes n revolutions to cover t
22
(ii) b; Hint: Required area = y x 14 x 14 -154
'A
certain distance, then the larger circle makes
= 616-154 = 462 sqm.

10. a; Hint: Two arcs will be cut off, one smaller and the other
bigger. (See the figure given below)
D
revolutions to cover the same distance.
Exj
There are two concentric circles of radii 8 cm and 3 cm

respectively. I f larger circle makes 120 revolutions to
cover a certain distance, then find the number of revolutions made by smaller circle to cover the same distance.
Soln: Applying the above theoerm, we have
o
A OAB is an equilateral triangle
the required no. of revolutions = xl20 = 320 revo3
.. zO = 60
lutions.
.-. length of the arc ADB
Exercise
60
, 22 _ _ 2 2 _ _ 1
XZ X
X/
/ rn flTld
360
7
3
3
length of the arc AEB
11. a; Hint:
, 22
= 2x x7
7
22
110
=
2
= 36
3
3
1.
2.
3.
Area of the sector OADB

90
22
~ 360 * 7
x5x5'
275
14 sqm

respectively. I f larger circle makes 100 revolutions to
cover a certain distance, then find the number of revolutions made by smaller circle to cover the same distance
a) 300 revolutions
b) 250 revolutions
c) 125 revolutions
d) Data inadequate
respectively. I f larger circle makes 70 revolutions to cover
a certain distance, then find the number of revolutions
made by smaller circle to cover the same distance.
a) 210
b)120
c)240
d)225
respectively. I f smaller circle makes 50 revolutions to
cover a certain distance, then find the number of revolutions made by larger circle to cover the same distance,
a) 15
b)30
c)16
d)25
Answers
l.a
2.a
3.b
545
Exercise
Rule 52
Theorem: There are two concentric circles. Radius of the
1.
2
circle is 14 cm. Area of the smaller circle is -j th of the
x
larger circle is R. If the area of the smaller circle is
of
the area of the region (shadedportion) between two circles,

then
1
2.
(i) the radius of the smaller circle = Rs
There are two concentric circles. Radius of the larger
area between the two cirlces. Find the area of the shaded
portion.
a) 440 sqcm
b) 420 sqcm
c) 220 sq cm
d) 660 sq cm
1
circle is 7 cm. Area of the smaller circle is th of the
3.
1
circle is 14 cm. Area of the smaller circle is rd of the
(ii) the perimeter of the smaller circle

f
2nR
area between the two cirlces. Find the area of the smaller
circle.
a) 11 sqcm b)22sqcm c) 14sqcm d)28sqcm
\
1
1+-
4.
area between the two cirlces. Find the diameter of the

smaller circle.
a) 7 cm
b)14cm
4
circle is 35 cm. Area of the smaller circle is of the area
(iii) the area of the smaller circle ^
between the two cirlces. Find the perimeter of the smaller

circle.
1+^
V x J
a) 44 cm
and
(
^
1
(iv) the area of the shaded portion = nR'
i +y)
b)88cm
Answers
l.a
2.a
3. b; Hint: Radius of the smaller circle = 7 cm
.-. diameter=7x2= 14cm
4. b
Rule 53
Where, R = radius of the larger circle.
Ex.:

1
circle is 28 cm. Area of the smaller circle is rd of the
area between the two cirlces. Find the area and perimeter of the smaller circle.
Perimeter of the smaller circle = 2* x 28 x
1
1+3
22
1
2x x 2 8 x - = 88 cm
7
2
Theorem: Length of a carpet'd'm wide, required to cover

the floor of a room which is x m long and y m broad, is
given by
m. Or
Length of room x Breadth of room
Length required
Width of carpet
Ex.:
How many metres of a carpet 75 cm wide will be required to cover the floor of a room which is 20 metres
long and 12 metres broad?
Area of the smaller circle

required length =
= x 2 8 x 2 8 x i = 616 sq cm.
20x12
.
^ MM m.
546
2.
Exercise
1.
When 111 metres ofcarpet will cover a floor 18.5 metres

by 7.5 metres, what is the width of the carpet?
a) 1.25 metres
b) 2 metres
c) 2.75 metres
d) 2.25 metres
How many metres of a carpet 60 cm wide will be required
to cover the floor of a room which is 18 metres long and
15 metres broad?
a) 320 m
b)360m
c)420m
d)450m
How many metres of a carpet 40 cm wide wi 11 be required
to cover the floor of a room which is 16 metres long and
10 metres broad?
a) 400 m
b)380m
c)350m
d)325m
How many metres of a carpet 1 m 4 cm wide will be required to cover the floor of a room which is 26 metres
long and 20 metres broad?
2.
3.
4.
a) 525 m
b)450m
3.
4.
Answers
La
1080
2. b; Hint: Area of the room =
c)500m d) Data inadequate
1. a; Hint: 111 =
x
2. d
3.a
18.5x7.5
' * ==1.25metres
111
4.c
to cover the floor of the room is given by Rs M
xy
^
Or
length of room x breadth of roorn^

Rate per metre xwidth of carpet
7.5x234
25x15x225
33750
=2.5m.
Theorem: Number of tiles, each measuring d m* d m,

x
xxy
wide are given by
d% xd
2J
Or
length x breadth of courtyard
length of room x breadth of room

'
_
x 225
Rule 55
Note: Length of the carpet
25x15
4. a; Hint: 33750 =
required to pave a rectangular courtyard x m long andy m
Amount required =Rs
xy
_ 15600x0.9
7.5 x x
3a; Hint:
x 234 = 15600
Rule 54
Theorem: A 'd'm wide carpet is used to cover thefloor of a
room which is x m long and y m broad. If the carpet is
available at Rs A per metre, then the total amount required
= 24 sq m
45
24
.-. length of the room = y y = 7.5m = 7 m 5 dm.
Answers
18.5x7.5
The cost of carpeting a room, 3 metres 2 dm broad with

carpet at Rs 45 per sq m is Rs 1080. Find the length of the
room.
a) 7 m
b)7m5dm c)6m2dm d)7m2dm
It costs Rs 15600 to carpet a room 7.5 metres wide with
carpet 9 dm wide at Rs 234 per metre. What is the length
of the room?
a)8m
b)6m
c)10m
d)12m
Ifit costs Rs 33750 to carpet a hall 25 metres by 15metres
with carpet at Rs 225 per metre, find the width of the
carpet.
a)2.5m
b)2m
c)3m
d)3.5m
Numberoftilesrequired=
width of carpet
Ex.:
Ex.:
A 75 cm wide carpet is used to cover the floor of a

room which is 20 metres long and 12 metres broad.
What amount needs to be spent in carpeting the floor
if the carpet is available at Rs 20 per metre?
b r e a d t h
e a c h
t i l e
How many paving stones each measuring 2.5 m x 2 m

are required to pave a rectangular courtyard 30 m long
and 16.5 m wide?
Soln:
Applying the above theorem, we have the required

answer =
20x12
the required answer = zO x ^ ^ = r 6400.
l e n g t h
30x16.5 = 99
2.5x2
Exercise
Exercise
1.
How many metres of carpet 75 cm wide will be required

to cover a floor 27 m by 16 m, and what will be the cost at
Rs 30 a metre.
a)576m,Rsl7280
b)767m, Rs20280
c) 567 m, Rs 17010
d) Data inadequate
1.
The dimensions of the floor of a rectangular hall are 4 m

x 3 m. The floor of the hall is to be tiied fully with 8 cm *
6 cm rectangular tiles without breaking tiles to smaller
sizes. The number of tiles required is:
a)4800
b)2600
c)2500
d)2400
[CDS Exam 19911
2.
3.
547
How many paving stones, each measuring 10 dm by 9

dm are required to pave a verandah 60 m long and 6 m
broad?
a) 600
b)800
c)400
d)450
1
2
How many planks 10 m long and 3 dm broad will be
2.
required for the ground whose length is 42 m and breadth

12 m?
a) 160
b)240
c)60
d)120
3.
4.
How many postage stamps 2 cm long and 1 ^ cm wide

will be required to cover a board of paper 3 dm long and
2 dm wide?
a) 300
b)150
c)250
d)200
and 33 m wide. What amount needs to be spent i f the

tiles of the aforesaid dimension are available at Re 2 per
piece?
a)Rs99
b)Rsl98
c)Rs96
c)Rsl92
Certain number of paving stones each measuring 4 m x 2
m are required to pave a rectangular courtyard 26 m long
tiles of the aforesaid dimension are available at Rs 5 per
piece?
a)Rsl95
b)Rs390
c)Rsl59
d)Rs295
tiles of the aforesaid dimension are available at Rs 25 per
piece?
a)Rs250
Answers
b)Rsl50
c)Rsl25
d)Rsl60 '
Answers
l.c; Hint: Area of the floor = (400 * 300) cm
l.b
2.a
Rule 57
Area of one tiles = (8><6) cm
Number of tiles =
Theorem: A room x m long andy m broad is to be paved

with square tiles of equal sizes. The largest possible tile so
that the tiles exactly fit is given by " H C F of length and
breadth of the room" and the no. of tiles required are
400x300 = 2500
8x6
3.d
3.a
4.d
Rule 56
Theorem: Certain number of tiles, each measuring
xxy
d m*
x
d m, are required to pave a rectangular courtyard x m

long and y m wide. If the tiles are available at Rs A per
piece, then the amount needs to be spent is given by Rs
(HCF of x and yf
(
{
xxy
d xd 2 J
N
Ax
Or
Amount required
length x breadth of courtyard
= price per tile x
length x breadth of each tile
Ex.:
A hall-room 39 m 10 cm long and 35 m 70 cm broad is

to be paved with equal square tiles. Find the largest
tile so that the tiles exactly fit and also find the number of tiles required.
Soln: Quicker Method:
Side o f largest possible square tile = HCF of length
and breadth of the room
=HCF of 39.10and35.70m = 1.70m
Also, number of tiles required
Length x breadth o f room
Certain number of paving stones each measuring 2.5
m x 2 m are required to pave a rectangular courtyard
30 m long and 16.5 m wide. What amount needs to be
spent i f the tiles of the aforesaid dimension are available at Re 1 per piece?
(HCF of length and breadth of the room)
Ex.:
the required answer = 1 x
30x16.5
2.5x2
39.10x35.70
1.70x1.70
1.
= Rs99

= 483
Exercise
Exercise
1.
2.
A rectangular courtyard 3.78 metres long and 5.25 metres

broad is to be paved exactly with square tiles, all of the
same size. What is the largest size of such a tile? Also
find the number of tiles.
a) 21 cm, 450
b)20cm, 450
c) 25 cm, 500
The length and breadth of a room are 10 m 75 cm and 8 m
548
3.
25 cm respectively. The floor is to be paved with square

tiles of the largest possible size. The size of the tiles is:
a)25cmx25cm
b)50cmx50cm
c)20cmx20cm
d)30cmx30cm
[Hotel Management 1991 ]
A room 7.3 metres by 7.1 metres is to be paved with
equal square tiles. Find the least number of whole tiles
which will exactly cover the floor.
a) 5183
b)52
c)5813
A room 9.49 metres long and 9.23 metres broad is to be
paved with equal square tiles. Find the biggest tile which
will exactly fit and the number required.
a) 0.13x0.13 sqm, 5183
b) 13 x 13sqm,5183
c) 0.23x0.23 sqm, 5813
d) 0.13x0.13sqm,5813
Answers
1. a; Hint: Largest size of tile
=HCF of378 cm and 525 cm = 21 cm
'378x525'
Number of tiles =
= 450
21x21
2. a; Hint: Largest possible size of the tile
= HCF of 1075 nd 825 = 25
.-. required answer = 25 cm x 25 cm
3. a; Hint: Required answer
7.3x7.1
=
^ 2 =5183 [Since HCF of7.3 and 7.1 is 0.1.]
2.
3.
4.
Answers
Lb
Ex.:
A square grass plot is 100 m long. It has a gravel path

2.5 metres wide all round it on the inside. Find the
area of the path.
required answer=4 x 2.5 x (100-2.5) = 975 sq metres.
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
Ex.:
2
m 10m
<-)
D
C
D'
Area of the path = 4 x 2 (10 + 2) = 96 sq metres.
4.
A square field, 5 metres long, is surrounded by a path 1

metre wide. Find the area of the path,
a) 48 sq m
b) 24 sq m
A path 2 metres wide, running all round a square garden

has an rea of7680 sq metres. Find the area of the part of
the garden enclosed by the path.
a)1.5sqkm
b)1.9sqkm
c) 2 sq km
A square grass plot is 22 m long. It has a gravel path 2
metres wide all round it on the inside. Find the area of
the path.
a) 80 sq m
b) 82 sq m
c) 96 sq m
d) Data inadequate
A square grass plot is 24 m long. It has a gravel path 4
metres wide all round it on the inside. Find the area of
the path.
a)112sqm b)80sqm
c)320sqm d)Noneofthese
A square grass plot is 31.5 m long. It has a gravel path
1.5 metres wide all round it on the inside. Find the area of
the path.
a)180sqm
b)198sqm
c)280sqm
d)298sqm
Answers
L a ; H i n t : 4 x 2 x ( x , - 2 ) = 9680
or,x-2 =
9680
8
= 1210
or,x= 1210+2= 1212

Area of the garden = (1212) =1468944 sqm
2
Exercise
1.
4.a
Theorem: If a square hall x metres long is surrounded by a

verandah (on the outside of the square hall) d metres wide,
then the area of the verandah is given by 4d(x+d) sq metres.
A square field, 10 metres long, is surrounded by a
path 2 metres wide. Find the area of the path.
Soln: Applying the above theorem,
A'
B'
A
B
3.a
Rule 59
4. a
2.a
Theorem: If a square plot isxm long. It has a gravel path

d m wide all round it on the inside, then the area of the path
is given by 4d(x -d)sqnu
( Q
Rule 58
c) 16 sq m
d) Data inadequate
metres wide. Find the area of the path.
a) 192 sqm b) 196 sqm c) 182 sqm d) None ofthese
a)80sqm
b)160sqm c)180sqm d)100sqm
2. a
requiredarea =1468944-9680= 1459264 sqm

= 1.459264 sq km a 1.5sqkm
3.c
4. a
549
Rule 60
600-100
x y = j ^ = 5 0
Theorem: If a rectangular hall x m long andy m broad, is
surrounded by a verandah (on the outsidefo the rectanguFrom this lone equation we cannot get the required ratio
lar hall) d m wide, then the area of the verandah is given by
2. b; Hint: Let the length and breadth be 7x and 4x
2d[(x+y)+2d]m .
2 x 4 [ ( 7 x + 4 x ) + 2 x 4 ] = 4 1 6 or,88x=416-64=352
Or
.-. x = 4
Area of verandah = 2(width of verandah) x [length+breadth
.-. Iength = 7 x 4 = 2 8 m a n d b r a d t h 4 x 4 = 1 6 m .
of room + 2 (width of verandah)]
3. d
4.b
5.a
+
Ex.:
A rectangular hall 12 m long and 10 m broad, is surrounded by a verandah 2 metres wide. Find the area
of the verandah.
16 m
Rule 61
Theorem: If a rectangular plot is 'x'm by 'y' nu It has a
gravel path'd'm wide all round It on the inside, then the
area of the path is given by 2d(x +y- 2d) sq m.
Ex.:
14 m
Soln: Since the verandah is outside the room, the above

theorem will be applied.
Areaofverandah=2x2(10+12+2x2) =4x26=104
m
2
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
A rectangular garden has 5 metres wide road outside

around all the four sides. The area o f the road is 600
square metres. What is the ratio between the length and
the breadth of that plot?
a) 3 :2
b) 4:3
c) 5:4
d) Data inadequate
(BSRB Calcutta PO -1999)
The length and breadth of a rectangular field are in the
ratio 7 : 4. A path 4 metres wide running all round outside it has an area of 416 square metres. Find the length
and breadth of the field.
a)7m,4m
b)28m, 16m
c)21 m, 12 m
d) Data inadequate
A 5 m wide lawn is cultivated all along the outside of a
rectangular plot measuring 90 m x 40 m. The total area of
the lawn is:
a) 1200 m
d) 1400 m
(CDS 1991)
A rectangular room 10 m long and 8 m broad is surrounded by a verandah 2 metres wide. Find the area of
the verandah.
a) 89 sq m
b) 88 sq m
c) 86 sq m
d) 98 sq m
A rectangular plot of grass 25 m 5 dm by 24 m 4 dm has
a gravel walk 1.5 metres wide all-round it on the outside.
Find the area of the walk in sq m.
a) 158.7 sq m b) 160 sq m c) 168.7 sq m d) 157.8 sq m
2
4.
5.
b)1300 /w
c) 1350 m
Answers
1. d; Hint: 2 x 5 [(x+y) + (2 x 5)] = 600
A rectangular grassy plot is 112 m by 78 m. It has a

gravel path 2.5 m wide all round it on the inside. Find
the area of the path and the cost of constructing it at
Rs 2 per square metre?
Soln: Since the path is inside the plot, the above theorem will
be applied,
Area of the path = 2 x 2.5 x ( l 12 + 78 - 2 * 2.5)
= 5 x 185 = 925sqm.
.-. cost o f construction = rate x area
'
= 2 x 925 = Rsl850
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A rectangular field is 125 m long and 68 m broad. A path

of uniform width of 3 metres runs round the field inside
it. Find the area of the path.
a)1122sqm
b)1212sqm
c) 2211 sq m
d) None of these
A footpath of uniform width runs round the inside of a
rectangular field 38 metres long and 32 metres wide. I f
the area of the path be 600 sq metres, find its width.
A room 5 m x 4 m is to be carpeted leaving a margin of 25
cm from each wall. I f the cost of the carpet is Rs 80 per sq
m, the cost of carpeting the room will be:
a)Rsl440
b)Rsl260
c)Rsl228
d)Rsll92
A rectangular court is 120 m long and 90 m broad and
inside it a path of uniform width of 10 m runs round it.
Find the cost of covering the path with flagstones at Rs
25 per sq m.
a) Rs 95000 b)Rs 59000 c)Rs9500
d)Rs5900
Find the cost at Rs 20 per metre of carpeting a floor 47 m
by 3 8 m with carpet 75 cm wide, so as to leave a margin of
1 m uncovered all round.
a) Rs 45200 b)Rs 33200 c)Rs 43200 d)Rs 53200
Answers
La
2. b; Hint: 2d (38 + 32 - 2d) = 600
oi,2d
-70d + 300 = 0
550
or, d -35d+150 = 0
1
or, d -30d-5d+150 = 0
o r , d ( d - 3 0 ) - 5 ( d - 3 0 ) = 0 .-. d = 30,5
.-. required answer = 5 metres
Note: This can also be solved by Rule - 62.
2
2.
3.
3. b; Hint: Area of the margin
5 + 4 - 2 x 1 2xV
4
= 4.25
sq m
Area of the carpet = 5><4- 4.25 = 15.75 sq m
.-. Costofcarpeting = 80 x 15.75 =Rs 1260
4. a; Hint: Area of the path = 2 x 10 x [120+ 9 0 - 2 0 ]
= 2 0 x 190 = 3800 sqm
.-. required cost = 3800 x 25 = rs 95000
5. c; Hint: Area of the margin = 2 x 1 (47+ 3 8 - 2 x 1 )
= 166 sqm
Area of the floor = 47 x 38 = 1786 sq m
.-. area of the carpet = 1786-166 = 1620 sqm
1620
.-. required cost = 20 x = Rg 43200 [See Rule - 54]
Rule 62
(
{x+y)-\(x
-4A
+ yf
Answers
m.
=
2.b
13-V169-48
13-11 1
! = = m = 50 cm
4
4
2
3.b
Rule 63
Theorem: A rectangular garden is 'x' metres long and 'y'
metres broad. It Is to be provided with pavements'd' metres
wide all round it both on its outside as well as inside. Then
the total area of the pavement is given by 4d(x +y) sq m.
Ex.:
A rectangular garden is 15 metres long and 10 metres

broad. It has 3 metres wide pavements all around it
both on its inside and outside. Find the total area of
the pavements.
total area ofthe pavements = 4 * 3(15+ 10) = 300sqm.
Exercise
Ex.:
1.
A path all around the inside of a rectangular park 37 m

by 30 m occupies 570 sq m. Find the width of the path.
Soln: Quicker Method -1:
Area of path = 2 x width of path x [length + breadth of
park - 2 x (width of path)]
=> 570 = 2 x x [37 + 30 - 2x] (x is the width of path)
2.
=> 570=134x-4x => 4x -134x+570 = 0

On solving this equation we get, x = 5 m.
Quicker Method - II:
Applying the above theorem, we have
width of the path
2
3.
(37 + 30)- 7(37 + 30) - 4 x 570

2
67-V4489-2280
67-47
4.
5 m.
Exercise
1.
(8 + 5 ) - 7 ( 8 + 5 ) - 4 x l 2
2
1. a; Hint: Required answer =
Theorem: If a path all around the Inside of a rectangular

park 'x'mby 'y'm occupies 'A' sq m, then the width of the
path is given by
area of the boarder is 12 square metres. What is the

width of the boarder.
/
a) 50 cm
b)lm
c) 120 cm
d)90cm
a)lm
b)2m
c)1.5m
d)4m
a)3m
b)2m
c)2.5m
d) 1 m
A carpet is laid on a rectangular floor of a drawing room

in a house, measuring 8 metres by 5 metres. There is a
boarder of constant width around the carpet and the
A garden is 30 m long and 20 m broad. It has 1.5 m wide

pavements all around it both on its inside and outside.
Fnd the total area of the pavement.
A garden is 18 m long and 12 m broad. It has 2 m wide
Find the total area of the pavement and the cost of construction of the pavement at the rate of Rs 3 per square
metre.
a)Rsl440
b)Rs960
c)Rs480 d) Data inadequate
A garden is 35 m long and 25 m broad. It has 5 m wide
Find the total area of the pavement.
a) 1500 sqm
b) 800 sqm
c) 1200 sq m
d) Data inadequate
A garden is 20 m long and 15 m broad. It has 1.5 m wide
Find the total area of the pavement.
Answers
l.a
2.a
3.c
4.a
551
Rule 64
Theorem: A square garden is 'x' metres long. It is to be
provided with pavements'd' metres wide all round it both
on its outside as well as inside. Then the total area of the
pavement is given by (8dx) sq metres.

Now, for the given question,
Areaofpath = 2 x (19.25+12.5-2)
=2x29.75 = 59.5 sqm.
.-. cost = rate x area = Rs (59.5 x 1.32) = Rs 78.54
Exercise
Ex.:
A square garden is 10 metres long. It has 3 metres

wide pavements all round it both on its inside and
outside. Find the total area of the pavements.
the total area of the pavements = 8 x 3 x 10 = 240 sq m.
1.
2.
Exercie
1.
2.
3.
A square garden is 20 metres long. It has 2 metres wide

pavements all round it both on its inside and outside.
Find the total area of the pavements.
a) 320 sqm b) 325 sqm c)240 sqm d)None ofthese
A square garden is 40 metres long. It has 1 metre wide
a)320sqm b) 160sqm c)420sqm d)230sqm
A square garden is 15 metres long. It has 1.5 metres wide
a) 180 sqm
b) 160 sqm
c) 240 sq m
d) Data inadequate
3.
4.
Answers
l.a
2. a
3. a
Rule 65
Theorem: An oblong piece ofground measures xmbyym.
From the centre of each side a path'd'm wide goes across
to the centre of the opposite side.
I. Area of the path = d(x +y-d)
= (width of path) (length + breadth of park-width
ofpath)
II. Area of the park minus the path = (x-d)
(y-d)
= (length of park - width of path) x (breadth of
park - width of the path)
Ex.:
An oblong piece of ground measures 19 m 2.5 dm by

12 metres 5 dm. From the centre of each side a path 2
m wide goes across to the centre of the opposite side.
What is the area of the path? Find the cost of paving
these paths at the rate of Rs 1.32 per sq metre.
2m
12.5m
4
2m
\t
5.
A rectangular lawn 60 metres by 40 metres has two roads

each 5 metres wide, running in the middle of it, one parallel to length and the other parallel to the breadth. Find
the cost of gravelling them at 60 paise per square metre.
a)Rs285
b)Rs385
c)Rs275
d)Rs475
A rectangular lawn 80 metres by 60 metres has two roads
each 10 metres wide running in the middle of it, one
parallel to the length and the other parallel to the breadth.
Find the cost of gravelling them at Rs 30 per square
metre.
a)Rs3900
b)Rs 39000 c)Rs3600
d)Rs 36000
The length and breadth of a rectangular field are 500 m
and 400 m respectively. I f two roads 10 m wide each are
perpendicular to each other inside the field, what is the
total area of the roads.
a)8900sqm b)9800sqm c)9900'sqm d)8000sqm
A field is 19.25 m long and 12.5 m broad has two roads
each 2 m wide running in the middle of it one parallel to
length and the other parallel to breadth. Find the cost of
gravelling them at Rs 1.32 per sq metre.
a)Rs78
b)Rs 88.45 c)Rs 78.54 d)Rs 87.45
A field is 100 m long and 70 m wide. It has two roads
each of same breadth. One road is parallel to the length
and other parallel to breadth. I f the cost of gravelling
them at Rs 2 per sq metre is Rs 3200, find the breadth of
the roads.
a) 5 m
b) 10 m
c) 12 m
d) Data inadequate
Answers
1. a; Hint: Area of the path = 5 (60 + 40 - 5) = 475 sq m
475x60
.-. the cost of gravelling the path = ~ r r = Rs 285
2. b
3. a
4. c; Hint: Area of the path = 59.5 sq m
.-; the cost of gravellign the path = 59.5 x 1.32 = Rs 78.54
5. b; Hint: Area of the roads =
3200
= 1600 sqm
d(100 + 70-d)=1600
or, d - 17d+ 1600 = 0
By solving equation, we have, d = 160,10
.-. required answer = 10 m.
Rule 66
Theorem: There is a square garden of side 'x'metres. From
the centre of each side a path'd' metres wide goes across to
the centre of opposite side.
552
/. Area of the path = d(2x - d) sq metres.
II. Area ofthe garden - minus the path = {x-df
In the given question, first side = |726 x

A
sq metres.
Vl089 = 3 3 m
Ex.:
There is a square field of side 5 metres. A path 1 metre

wide runs through the centre o f the field, one each
across its opposite sides. What is the total area of the
path and the area of the remaining portion of the field?
total area of the path 1 (2 * 5 - 1 ) = 9 sq metres and the
total area o f the remaining portion of the field =
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
There is a square field of side 10 metres. A path 2 metres

wide runs through the centre of the field, one each across
its opposite sides. What is the total area of the path and
the area of the remaining portion of the field?
a) 36 sq m, 64 sq m
b) 18 sq m, 32 sq m
c) 32 sq m, 64 sq m
c) 18 sqm, 64 sqm
There is a square field of side 18 metres. A path 3 metres
a) 99 sqm, 225 sqm
b) 98 sq m, 224 sq m
cy99 sq m, 441 sq m
d) Data inadequte
There is a square field of side 21 metres. A path 1 metre
a) 41 sqm, 400 sqm
b) 82 sq m, 200 sq m
c) 41 sqm, 200 sqm
d) 82 sq m, 400 sq m
2.a
3.a
Rule 67
Theorem: If the sides of a rectangularfield of'A'sqm area
are in the ratio a: b, then the sides are given by ^jAx or
3.
The sides o f a rectangular field of 128 sq m are in the

ratio of 1 :2. Find the sides.
a)16m,8m
b)12m,6m
c) 14 m, 7 m
d) Data inadequte
The sides o f a rectangular field of 270 sq m are in the
ratio of 6 : 5. Find the sides.
a) 18m, 15m
b)24m,20m
c) 18 m, 12 m
d) None of these
The sides of a rectangular field of 1125 sq m are in the
ratio of 9 : 5. Find the sides.
a)45m,25m
b)36m,25m
c) 54 m, 25 m
d) None of these
Answers
l.a
2.a
3.a
Rule 68
Theorem: If the base and the height of a triangle are in the
ratio x: y and the area of the triangle is A sqm, then the
base is given by
2xAx-
mor ^ 2 x Areax Ratio and
2xAx-
the height is given by
Ex.:
The base of a triangular field is three times its height.

I f the cost of cultivating the field at Rs 36.72 per hectare is Rs 495.72, find its base and height.
Soln: Detail Method: Area of the field
Rs 495.72 _ 27
VAreax Ratio and y^ ~

x
4'AreaxInverse Ratio
Ex.:
or y]2 x Area x Inverse Ratio .
Answers
l.a
Exercise
( 5 - l ) =16 sq metres.
Exercise
7 2 6 x y = V484 =22
and the second side
hectares.
Rs 36.72
Also, area of the field = x 3 x Height x Height
The sides of a rectangular field of726 sq m are in the

ratio of 3 :2. Find the sides.
= -(Height)
Soln: Quicker Method: Side= V Areax Ratio

2nd side = VAreax Inverse Ratio
^-(Height) - hectares.
2
553
the required area
27 2
(Height) =
x-T hectares
2 3
= 9 hectares = 90000 sq metres.
2
:. Height = V90000 m == 300m

Also, Base = 3 x Height = 900 m
Quicker Method: The ratio between base and height
in above example is
3:1.
In such questions use the rule:
24 x j ( 2 0 ) - ^ y j
= 2 4 x 1 6 = 384 cm .
2
Exercise
1.
Base = 7 2 x Areax Ratio

2.
Height - ^2 x Area x Inverse Ratio
Now, ratio of base and height is 3 : 1. Hence, the ratio
attached with base is 3, the ratio attached with height
isl.
.-. Base= J
27
y =
Exercise
2.
3.
The ratio of base and height of a triangular field is 3 : 2

and the area of the field is 108 sq m. Find its base and
height.
a) 18m, 12m
b)12m,8m
c) 21 m, 14 m
d) Data inadequate
and the area of the field is 90 sq m. Find its base and
height.
a) 15m, 12m
b)20m, 16m
c) 25 m, 20 m
d) None of these
and the area of the field is 437.5 sq m. Find its base and
height.
a)35m,25m
b)21m,25m
c) 49 m, 3 5 m
d) None of these
Answers
l.a
2.a
The perimeter of a rhombus is 100 cm. If one of the diagonals measures 14 cm, what is the area of the rhombus?
a)336sqcm b) 168sqcm c)504sqcm d)252sqcm
26 cm and one diagonal 20 cm.
a) 480 sq cm
b) 520 sq cm
c) 840 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
40 cm and one diagonal 48 cm.
a) 1536 sq cm
b) 1436 sq cm
c) 1636 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
Answers
Height = - J 2 x - y x - =300
1.
3.
m.
=24x7400-144
3.a
100
1. a; Hint: Side = = 25 cm.
4
Applying the given rule, we get
the required answer = 336 sq cm.
2. a
3.a
Rule 70
Theorem: To find the other diagonal of a rhombus, ifperimeter of rhombus and one of its diagonals are given.
Other diagonal = 2*
(side)
Area of a rhombus = diagonal x
j(side) -[^^j
2
Find the area o f a rhombus one side of which measures 20 cm and one diagonal 24 cm.
Soln: Applying the above rule, we have
diagonal
; where side
Perimeter
Illustrative; Example
Ex.:
The perimeter of a rhombus is 146 cm and one of its

diagonal is 55 cm. Find the other diagonal and the
area of the rhombus.
Soln: Applying the above rule,
Rule 69
Theorem: To find the area of a rhombus if one side and one
diagonal are given.
one side of a rhombus =
/. other diagonal = 2x
Now,
146
= 36.5 cm
j(36.5)
-[f J =:48 cm
area = (product of diagonals)
Ex:
-x48x55 = 1320 sqcm.
554
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
The perimeter of a rhombus is 144 cm and one o f its

diagonals is 18 cm, find the area o f the rhombus and
length of its other diagonal.
a) 627.4 sq cm (approx), 69.7 cm (approx)
b) 672.4 sq cm (approx), 67.9 cm (approx)
c) 527.4 sq cm (approx), 69.7 cm (approx)
d) None of these
The perimeter of a rhombus is 80 cm and one of its diagonal is 24 cm. Find the length of the other diagonal,
a) 32 cm b)30cm c)64cm d) Data inadquate
The perimeter of a rhombus is 26 cm and one of its diagonal is 20 cm. Find the length of the other diagonal,
a) 48 cm
b)38cm
c)36cm
d)64cm
|2x24V3
Side =
'
3>/3
4m
Octagon: An octagon has 8 sides,

(i) Area of a regular Octagon
= cot -)x(Side) =2y2 l\side)
4
8 J
2
Ex:
Find the area of an octagon whose side measures 6 m.
the area of an octagon
Answers
= 2(V2+l)s =72x2.414 = 173.82 sqm.

2
l.a
2. a
3. a
(ii) If area of a regular octagon, is given, then
Problems on a Regular Polygon
j Area
side of the regular octagon
Rule 71
Ex.:
x(Side)\
\+l)
To find the area of a regular polygon if length of its each

side is given. Area of a regular polygon
=
n
cot
4
When 'n' = No. of sides. Now con-
Find to the nearest metre the side of a regular octagonal enclosure whose area is 1 hectare.
Soln: Area of a regular octagon = 2(1 + 42 \
sider the following regular polygons.

Hexagon: A hexagon has 6 sides.
Now, 2(1 + V2~)z = 1 hectare.

2
6
(180
/
(i) Area of a regular Hexagon = ^ ^ " g * \y )

-
a =-
lde
10000
2(1+72)
2
[Since Cot 30= 7 3 ]
1.
Ex.:
area of a regular hexagon =
2.
3V3V
Here a = 9 cm.
3V3x9
.-. area =
3.
sq cm = 210.4 sq cm approx.
(ii) If area of a regular hexagon is given, then

' 2 x Area of a regular hexagon^
side
V
3>/3
o r
'
a 2
s q m a
pp
4.
a) ( > / 2 + l ) o sqcm
b) 5o(V2+l) sqcm
c) 25(V2 +1) sq cm
d) None of these
r o x
The area of a regular octagon is 51 sq cm, find its side,

a) 3.25 cm
b) 5.25 cm
c) 4.25 cm
d) 6.25 cm
Find to the nearest metre the side o f a field which is in
the form of a regular hexagon and measures 1 hectare in
area.
a)65m
b)64m
c)52m
Answers
Ex:
l.a
2.b
4. d; Hint: 1 hectare = 10000 sq m
sq m.
2 0 7 1
Find the area of a regular hexagon whose side measures

8cm.
a) 166.27 sq cm
b) 156.27 sq cm
c) 166.72 sqcm
d) 156.72 sqcm
Find the area of a regular octagon whose side measures
5 cm.
Find the side of a regular hexagon whose area is 24>/3
Exercise
Find the area of a regular hexagon whose side measures 9 cm.
.-. a=46 metres approx.
= | cot 30 x (Side) = ^j- x (Side)

2
s q m
d)62m
3.a
55D
Rule 72
Theorem: There is a regular polygon of'n'sides. If length
of each side ts'a'm, then the sum of the interior angles is
given by (n - 2)rt; where, n ^ 3 and the value of each inte(r>-2\
rior angle is
71
\ J
Ex.:
Find the value of the sum of interior angles of a regular hexagon. Also find the value of each interior angle.
sum of the interior angles = (6 - 2)rt = 4n and
f6-2^
_2
the value of each interior angle = I jr~ J ~ 3
71
7 1
There is a regular polygon of 12 sides. Find the sum of

interior angles and the value of each interior angle.
a)
IOTC,
c) 6rt, -71
6
Ex.:
Find the perimeter of a regular pentagon whose each

side measures 6 metres. Also, find the sum of each
interior and exterior angles of the regular pentagon.
perimeter of a pentagon = 5 x 6 = 30 metres and the
sum of each interior and exterior angle = TC
1.
6TC,
d) Data inadequate
-71
There is a regular hexagon. Find the value of each exterior angle.

71
7t
c) 27t
d) None of these
>6
>?
There is a regular pentagon. Find the value of each exterior angle.
There is a regular polygon o f 8 sides. Find the sum of

interior angles and the value of each interior angle.
a)
2n
a) t 5
b) 75
b) 871,-71
3.
671, - 7 1
71
TC
c
d)In
>' 3

the exterior angles and the value of each exterior angle.
a)
c)
Note: There is a regularpolygon of 'n' sides and the length

of each side is 'a' metres. Then the sum of each exterior and
interior angle is given by 71 and the perimeter of the regular polygon is given by 'na' metres.
, 8
b) 1271,-71
-7t
2
71
value of each exterior angle = -
Exercise
Exercise
1.

sum of the exterior angles = 27i and the
b) 2 n , y
2TI, -
c) 27i, d) Data inadequate
d) Data inadequate
Answers
Find the value of the sum of interior angles of a regular

pentagon. Also find the value o f each interior angle.
l.b
3.a
2. a
Rule 74
a) 37t, yTt
b) 27i, -n
C) 47t, yTt
d) Data inadequate
Theorem: If a room I metres long, b metres broad and c

metres high has
Nwindows (a mxb m,a mxb ,
]
Answers
2. a
amxbm) and
M doors (x mxy m,x mxy m,

...,x mxy m),
then the
cost of papering the walls with paper'd'm wide at RsXper
metre is given by
x
l.a
3.a
Rule 73
/fc^[2(l + b)h-N(a b +a b +...+a b )

d
1
Theorem: There is a regular polygon of 'n' sides. If length

of each side is 'a' metres, then the sum ofthe exterior angles
-M(x y,+x y +... + x y )].

1
2TI
is 2 7t and the value of each exterior angle is .
or,
Cost of paper per metre

-x Net area of the four wall"
Width of the paper
Ex.:
Ex.:

the exterior angles and the value of each exterior angle.
A room 8 metres long, 6 metres broad and 3 metres
556
4.
A room is 7.5 m long, 4.5 m broad and 4 m high. It has two

doors each 2.5 m long and 1.5 m broad and one window
1.50 m high and 0.8 m broad. What will be the expenditure in colouring the walls at Rs 1.50 per sq m.
a)Rsl31
b)Rs 131.95
c) Rs 130.95
d) Data inadequate
high has two windows 1 m x 1 m and a door 2 m x
1 ^- m. Find the cost of papering the walls with paper

50 cm wide at 25 P per metre.
Area of walls = 2 (8 + 6)3 = 84 sq m.
Area of two windows and door
Answers
1. a;Hint:Netarea=[2(12.5+9)7-2(2.5x 1.2)-4(1.5* 1)]
= 301-6-6=289
.-. cost of painting the walls = 289 x 3.50 = Rs 1011.50.
= 2 x 1 x l + 2 x l = 6 sqm.
2
2
Area to be covered = 84 - 6 = 78 sq m.
78x100
length of paper =
50
18
2. a;Hint: ^-7 [ 2 x 4 ( 7 . 2 + 6.3)-1 (1.8 x 1.5)-4(1 x 0.7)]
=Rs3690
4.c
3. a
m = 156m
Rule 75
156x25
cost = Rs
= Rs 39

have,
Theorem: The radius of a circular wheel Isrnu The no. of

revolutions it will make In travelling'd' km is given by
)
2nr ) '
1
. 1
X = 25P = R s - ; d = 5 0 c m = - m ;
'
Or
n = 2 and m = 1
Now, required answer
No. of revolutions =
Distance
2rcr
2(8 + 6 ) 3 - 2 - x l
2
I| 2 x 2
= - [ 8 4 - 6 ] = - x 7 8 =Rs39
2
2
Ex.:
revolutions will it make in travelling 11 km?

Soln: Detail Method: Distance to be travelled = 11 km =
11000m
3
Radius of the wheel = 1 m
4
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
The dimensions ofa room are 12.5 metres by 9 metres by

7 metres. There are 2 doors and 4 windows in the room;
each door measures 2.5 metres by 1.2 metres and each
window 1.5 metres by 1 metre. Find the cost of painting
the walls at Rs 3.50 per square metre.
a)Rs 1011.50
b)Rs 1050.50
c) Rs 1101.50
Find the expense of papering a room whose length is 7.2
metres, breadth 6.3 metres and height 4 metres with paper half a metre wide at Rs 18 per metre, allowing for a
door 1.8 m by 1.5 m and 4 windows each 1 m by 0.7 m.
a)Rs3690
b)Rs3890
c)Rs6390
d)Rs6590
A room is 7.5 m long, 5.5 m broad and 5 m high. Ithas one
door 1.6 m broad and 2.5 m high and two windows each
80 cm broad and 1.25 m high. What will be the expenditure in covering the walls by paper 40 cm broad at the
rate of 75 paise per metre?
a)Rs232.50 b)Rs230
c)Rs233
d)Rs233.50
The radius o f a circular wheel is 1 m. How many
22 , 3
.-. circumference of the wheel=2x x 1 m = 11 m
7
4
.-. in travelling 11 m the wheel makes 1 revolution.
.-.in travelling 11000 m the wheel makes j - x 11000
revolutions, i.e. 1000 revolutions.
No. of revolutions =
Distance
27tr
11000
, 22 7
2x x
7 4
1000.
Exercise
1.
2.
The diameter o f the driving wheel of a bus is 140 cm.

How many revolutions per minute must the wheel make
in order to keep a speed of 66 km per hour?
a) 250
b)300
c)200
d)350
The diameter of a wheel is 2 cm. It rolls forward covering
10 revolutions. The distance travelled by it is:
fHS
ilementary Mensuration - I
a)3.14cm
557
b)62.8cm
c)31.4cm
d) 125.6cm
[Railway Recruitment Exam, 1990]
6. a; Hint: Distance travelled in one minute

22
= 7 5 x 2 x y x 2 . 1 =990m
.2
990 990 18
.-. speedin m/sec = rr- = -rr- ~
- 59.4 km/hr.
60
60
If the wheel o f the engine o f a train ^ ~ metres in cir-
cumference makes seven revolutions in 4 seconds, the
3x1000
speed of the train in km/hr is:

a) 35
c)27
d)20
(Clerk's Grade Exam 1991)
How far has a bicycle travelled when its driving wheel 35
cm in diameter, has made 6300 revolutions?
a) 6930 m
b) 6390 m
c) 6920 m
d) 6830 m
The radius o f a wheel is 42 cm. How many revolutions
will it make in going 26.4 km?
a) 1000 revolutions
b) 10000 revolutions
c) 5000revolutions
d)"None of these
The driving wheel of a locomotive engine 2.1 m in radius
makes 75 revolutions in one minute. Find the speed of
the train in km/hr.
a) 59.4 km/hr
b) 60 km/hr
c) 61.5 km/hr
" d) None of these
A carriage wheel makes 1000 revolutions in going over a
distance of 3 km. Find its diameter.
3
c) 3TC m d) Data inadequate
b)
- m
2 ^
a
b)32
71
71
Rule 76
Theorem: The circumference of a circular garden Is 'c'
metres. Inside the garden a road of'd' metres width runs
round it The area of the ring-shaped road is given by
d(c -nd)
.a; Hint: Distance covered by wheel in 1 minute
Ex.:
66x1000x100 =110000cm
60
Circumference of wheel = | 2x x 7 0 =440 cm
The circumference of a circular garden is 1012 metres.

Inside the garden, a road of 3.5 m width runs round it.
Calculate the area of this road.
area
110000^
Number of revolutions in 1 minute
= 250.
440
= 3 . 5 ( l 0 1 2 - l l ) = 3.5xl001 = 3503.5 sqm.
22
.b; Hint: Required distance = x 2 x l 0 =62.8 cm.
30 _
I c; Hint: Distance covered in 4 seconds x7
7
.-. speed of the engine per second
:
1000.
Exercise
1.
30m
2.
30 30 18
= = x =27 km/hr
4
4
5
.a; Hint: Distance
= 35xyx6300
3.
c m
= 693000 cm=6930 m
p . b; Hint: Required revolutions =
or nd(2r - d) [_ c = 2nr], where r = radius of
the circle.
Area of ring-shaped road=width of ring (circumference of
the circle - n x width of ring). Or
7t x width of ring (2 x radius of the circle - width of ring)
A
OA C is a circle of radius = r, there is pathway, inside the

circle of width =a\
swers
man\
3
d = m.
7. b; Hint: 1000 =
2640000
22
2x x 4 2
7
10000.
The circumference o f a circular garden is 512 metres.

Inside the garden, a road o f 7 m width runs round it.
The circumference o f a circular garden is 644 metres.
Inside the garden, a road o f 14 m width runs round it.
The circumference of a circular garden is 1215.4metres.
Inside the garden, a road o f 4.9 m width runs round it.
Answers
l.b
2.a
3.a
558
Exercise
Rule 77
Theorem: The circumference of a circular garden is 'c'
metres. Outside the garden, a road of'd'm width runs round
1.
it The area of the ring-shaped road is given by d(c + red) sq

metres. Or Ttd(2r + d) [. c = 2m] where r = radius of the
circle
Area of ring-shaped road=width of ring (circumference +
TC x width of ring)
2.
3.
OAC is a circle of radius = r, there is pathway, outside the
circle of width d.
Ex.:
The circumference of a circular garden is 1012 m. Find

the area. Outside the garden, a road of 3.5 m width
runs round it. Calculate the area of this road and find
the cost of gravelling it at the rate of 32 paise per sq
m
Soln: Quicker Method -1:
Area =
(circumference)
:
4TC
(\0\2f
= - - - = 81466 sqcm
.22
4x
7
= rc[(width o f ringX2 x inner radius + width of ring)]
Now, inner radius
I Area _ [81466x7
22
-nth- ,^S-ir>"t -
3
plot whose circumference is '5 metres. Find
(i) area of the fath
a)352sqm b)362sqmc)532sqm d)325sqm
(ii) the cost of gravelling the path at Rs 35 per sq metre
a) Rs 12320 b) Rs 13220 c) Rs 12310 d) Rs 11320
(iii) the cost of turfing the plot at Rs 21 per sq metre
(a)Rs7392 b)Rs9504 c)Rs9604
d)Rs9732
The circumference of a circular garden is 165.6 m. Outside the garden, a road of 1.4 m width runs round it.
Calculate the area of the road.
a) 238 sqm
b) 228 sqm
c) 328 sq m
d) None of these
Answers
1. b; Hint: Area of the path
(TCX70
+ TCX7)7 = 77x22 =1694 sqm
= (1694 x 100 x 100) sqcm

Area of the one stone = (25 x 11) sq cm
Number of stones
Area of ring
A circular grassy plot of land 70 metres in diameter has a

path 7 metres wide running round it on the outside. How
many stones 25 cm by 11 cm are needed to pave the
path?
a)66100
b)61600
c)71600
d)61700
A path o f 4 metres width runs round a circular grass\
2.(i) a
1694x100x100
:
25x11
(ii)a
528
(iii) b; Hint: 2rcr =
7
528x7
7x2x22
22
Or, area of the plot = nr
= 161 m
61600
12m
xl2xl2
22
\= x l 2 x l 2 x 2 1 =R 9504.
area of ring-shaped road
22
= yx3.5x(3.5 + 2xl6l)
22
y-x3.5x(3.5 + 322) = 3580.5
3.a
Rule 78
s q
m.
.-. cost of gravelling = 3580.5 x 0.32 = 1145.76 rupees.

Quicker Method - I I : Applying the above theorem,
we have
22
the area of ring-shaped road = 3.5 1012 +x3.5
7
= 3.5(1012 + 11) =3:5x1023 = 35*80.5 sqm.

.-. cost of gravelling=3580.5 x 0.32 = 1145.76 rupees.
Note: I f in the question, in place of circumference, radius is
given, Quicker Method I will be applied.
Theorem: A circular garden has ring-shaped road around

it both on its inside and outside, each of width'd' units. If
V' is the radius of the garden, then the total area of the path
is (4rcdr) sq units or 2Cd [where C = perimeter = 2rcr /
Ex.:
A circular park of radius 25 metres has a path of width

3.5 metres all round it. Find the area of the path, if the
garden has path both on its outside as well as inside
22
required area= 4 x x 3 . 5 x 2 5 = 1100 sq metres.
559
Exercise
A circular park of radius 24 metres has a path of width 7
metres all round it. Find the area of the path, i f the garden has path both on its outside as well as inside,
a) 2110 sqm
b)2112sqm
c) 1221 sq m
d) Data inadequate
1.4 metres all round it. Find the area of the path, i f the
garden has path both on its outside as well as inside,
a) 264 sqm
b) 254 sqm
c) 284 sq m
d) Data inadequate
4.9 metres all round it. Find the area o f the path, i f the
garden has path both on its outside as well as inside,
a) 1108.8 sqm
b) 1106.8 sqm
c) 1105.6 sqm
d) 1104.8 sqm

have
45 22 (
; \
the area of the shaded portion = T T T * \
~
360 7
1 22
= - r x x 2 8 = l l sqm.
o 7
o 2
Exercise
1.
Answers
[Lb
2. a
Find the area o f the shaded portion.
H
H
D
J
a) 23 sqmb) 27 sqmc) 2 4 y sqmd) 23 q m
Find the area of the shaded portion.
C
3a
Rule 79
Theorem: To find the area of the shaded portion of the
owing figure.
a) 19.25 sqm
c) 19.75 sqm
b) 18.75 sqm
Answers
l.a
6 / 2
-ea of the shaded portion ABCD = ^rr TC\r, - r
2. a
Rule 80
2^
2
Theorem: There is an equilateral triangle of which each

side isxm. With all the three corners as centres, circles are
strative Example
Find the area of the shaded portion
C
x
described each of radius nu The area common to all the
1 2
1
circles and the triangle is nx or TC (radius) and the
o
2
6 err
//.
area of the remaining portion (shaded portion) of the triangle is l S
9
2
Detail Method: Area of sector = -r x nr
360
x TC x ( 6 f = q m.
Area of sector DOC = ~
x TC X (8) = 8TC
S Q
Area of the shaded portion

8rc-
9TC
7^
22 7 _
- x - 1 1 q metres.
S
ra
or (0.162)
(radius)
or,
(OMOS)*.
Area of sector AOB =
-|j( dius)
Ex.:
There is an equilateral triangle of which each side is 2

m. With all the three corners as centres, circles are
described each o f radius 1 m. (i) Calculate the area
common to all the circles and the triangle, (ii) Find the
area of the remaining portion of the triangle.
(Take TC =3.1416)
a).2jt sqm
3
7
b) TC sqm c) TC sqm d) 4TC sqm
Answers
3. a
2. a
l.a
Rule 81
Quicker Method:
^Vhen the side of the equilateral triangle is double the
radius of the circles, all circles touch each other and
Theorem: The diameter of a coin isxcm. If four ofthese

coins be placed on a table so that the rim of each touches
that of the other two, then the area of the unoccupied space
between them is
"j*
or T ^ - X or (0.215>c sq.
2
in such cases the following formula may be usedArea of each sector = \ TC X (radius)
and area of each sector is given by I j ^ *
Area of remaining (shaded) portion

(radius) = (o.i62) (radius)
2
sqcm.
2
Ex.:
(i) In this given question, the area common to all

circles and triangle = sum of the area of three sectors
AMN, BML and CLN
1
The diameter of a coin is 1 cm. I f four of these con

be placed on a table so that the rim of each touchs
that of the other two, find the area of the unoccupteij
space between them.
(Take TC =3.1416|
= Tcr +Ttr +rcr = rcr
= ^xy (l)
x
6
2
=1-57
2
s
(ii) The area of the remaining portion of the triangle

= The area of the shaded portion = 0.162 x
(1) = 0.162 sqm.
2
Exercise
1.
An equilateral triangle has side 4 m. Three circles are

drawn from the three vertices o f the triangle, each of
diameter equal to the side of the triangle. Find the area of
the space inside the triangle which is not covered by the
circles.
a) 0.648 sq m
b) 0.548 sq m
c) 6.48 sq m
d) Data inadequate
There is an equilateral triangle of which each side is 6 m.
With all the three corners as centres, circles are described
each of radius 3 m. Calculate the area common to all the
circles and the triangle.
(Take TC =3.1416)
a)
-TC
sq m
b)
3TC

I f the circles be placed in such a way that they t o i x i l
each other, then the square's side is double the
j
dius. In such cases the following formulae ma> 5e
used:
Area of each sector = - 7 x TC X (radius) = - x TC X > 4
16
2
Area of remaining portion (shaded part)

= (4 - re) (radius)
Now, in the given question,

area o f the unoccupied space
sq m
= (0.86) (radius) = (0.215)x

2
3.
c) 4rc sq m
d) Data inadequate
There is an equilateral triangle of which each side is 4 m.
With all the three corners as centres, circles are described
each of radius 2 m. Calculate the area common to all the
circles and the triangle.
(Take TC =3.1416)
=(0.86) (radius*
= ( 0 . 8 6 ( l J = 0 . 215 sq cm.
Exercise
1.
Four circles are drawn from the four corners of a squa
2.
The diameter o f each circle is equal to the side of the

square and hence the adjacent circles touch each other
at the mid-point o f the side of the square. I f the side of
the square is 7 cm, find the area of unoccupied space
enclosed between the circles,
a) 38.5 sqcm
b) 77 sqcm
c) 39.5 sq cm
d) None of these
In the figure given below ABCD is a square and the
circle are all congruent, each having its radius equal to 7
cm. Find the area of the shaded region in sq cm.
xy
8x
5
rectangle =
decrease in breadth = y -
5y
8
3yxl00
% decrease in breadth =
8xy
75
1
= 37 0/
2
2
/ 0
Quicker Method: You must have gone through similar examples in the chapter 'Percentage'. Applying
the above theorem,
Required percentage decrease in breadth
= 60
100
100 + 60
= ^
2
3 7
Io/
2
0
Exercise
3.
a) 42 sq cm b) 3 8.5 sq cm c) 84 sq cm d) 24 sq cm
The given figure represents a square of side 4 cm. At its
4 corners, circles of equal radii are drawn. What is the
area of the shaded portion?
,
a)
1.
Answers
l.a
Rule 82
Theorem: If the length of a rectangle is increased by x%,
then the percentage decrease in width, to maintain the same
area, is given by
100 + x
b) 26y%
c) 3 3 - %
d) Data inadequate
100
a) %
13
3.a
2. a
a) 16%
The length of a rectangle is increased by 25%. By what

per cent should the width be decreased to maintain the
same area?
a) 20%
b)25%
c)16%
d)24%
same area?
sq cm b) 4 sq cmc) 1 sq cm d) 4 q cm
4

same area?
200
b) -rr-%
13
300
c) -T- % d) None of these
Answers
l.a
3.c
2. a
Rule 83
100

then the percentage decrease in width, to reduce the area
Ex.:
The length o f a rectangle is increased by 60%. By

what per cent should the width be decreased to maintain the same area?
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length and breadth of the rectangle be x and y.
Then, its area = xy
New length = x
\10oJ~ 5
As the area remains the same, the new breadth of the
;
byy%, is given by
x +y
xl00
UOO + x
Ex.:
The length of a rectangle is increased by 20%. By

what per cent should the width be decreased so that
area of the rectangle decreases by 20%?
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length and width of the rectangle be x m and y m respectively.
562
Initial area = x x y = xy sq m.
Now, length is increased by 20%, therefore new length
6x
= xx
=
100
5
Again, we suppose that the percentage decrease in
width is d.
Answers
l.a
2.c
120
Rule 84
100-d
new width = y
3.a

then the percentage decrease in width, to increase the area
( D i f f . in x and y\
byy%, is given by [
J
1 0 Q +
x , 0
100
100-d")
New area = y
x
Ex.:
100
Decrease in area = Initial area - New area

6fl00-d^
= xy-xy
51
^ 1-
or,
100
600-6d
1.
xl00
xy
xy 1 -
100 + 20
1
xl00 = 13-%
3
Exercise
600-6d~
500
( 20-4 ^
the required answer
500
Percentage decrease in area

xy 1 -
The length o f a rectangle is increased by 20%. By

what per cent should the width be decreased so that
area of the rectangle increases only by 4%.
2.
600-6d
500
x 100 = 20

per cent should the width be decreased so that area of
the rectangle increases only by 5%.
a) 12%
b) 16%
c)18%
d)24%
xy
500-600 + 6d
or,
= 20 r , 6d = 200
n
a) 8 j %
3.
200
1.
.-. required answer = 33%,
^ - x l 0 0 =
^
100+20
12
M = 33l%
3
3 '
Exercise
2.
3.
d) 9 - %
c) 8 j %

the rectangle decreases by 20%?
a) 36%
b)30%
c)35%
d) None ofthese
a) 100%
b)20%
c)120%
d) 125%
a) 40%
b)20%
c)35%
d)36%

.2
a) 1 6 o /
3
b) 1 8 - %
c) 2 6 - o /
d) Data inadequate

Required answer
1.
b)9%
Answers
l.b
2. a
3. a
Rule 85
Theorem: If the length of a rectangle is decreased by x%,
then the percentage increase in width, to increase the area
f
byy%, is given by
x+y '
100-x,
xl00
Ex.:
The length o f a rectangle is decreased by 20%. By

what per cent should the width be increased, so that
area of the rectangle increases by 20%?
563
Elementary Mensuration
the required answer
20 + 20
100-20
>,2
,
a) 66 %
3T
x l 0 0 = x l 0 0 = 50%
30
2.
66-%
b) 7 8 | %
b)/$8-o/
c) 5 8 ^ %
d)58%
4
/ 3
The length of a rectangle is decreased by 25%. By what
per cent should the width be increased, so that area of
the rectangle increases by 50%?
a) 100%
b) 175%
c)125%
d)80%
0
Answers
l.a
2.a
3.a
Rule 86
Theorem: If the length of a rectangle is decreased by x%,
then the percentage increase in width, to maintain the same
area, is given by
100-
100
Illustrative E x a m p l e
Ex.:
I f the length of a rectangle is decreased by 20%, by
what per cent should the width be increased to maintain the same area?
/
Soln: Apply the above rule, we have the
required percentage increase in breadth
= 20^
100-20
2.
b) 23 ~%
/ o
Answers
3.d
2. a
l.a
Rule 87
Theorem: If length and breadth of a rectangle is increased
x and y per cent respectively, then area is increased by
x+y+
xy
100
Note: I f any of the two measuring sides of rectangle is decreased then put negative value for that in the given
formula.
Illustrative E x a m p l e s
Ex. 1: I f the length and the breadth of a rectangle is increased
by 5% and 4% respectively, then by what per cent
does the area of that rectangle increase?
f
Soln: By Direct Formula:
5x4
% increase in area = 5 + 4 + = 9 + 0.2 = 9.2%
E x 2: I f the length of a rectangle increases by 10% and the
breadth of that rectangle decreases by 12%, then find
the % change in area.
Soln: Since breadth decreases by y = -12, then
% change in area
100
1 0 x (
1 2 )
= - 2 - 1 . 2 = -3.2%
Since there is -ve sign, the area decreases by 3.2%.
Exercise
/
1. I f the length of a re/tangle is decreased by 25%, by what
per cent should die width be increased to maintain the
same area?
/
/o
d)67%
d) 4 2 ^
: 25%
Note: To find the above formula, we have used the rule of

fraction.
/
a)33io
c) 46-o/
= 10 + 1 2 +
100/
c )
b)43y
a) 40%
d) 1 6 - %
The length of a rectangle is decreased by 20%. By what

per cent should the* width be increased, so that area of
a) 5 6 - %
3.
c)26|o/
5 6 2
/ o
I f the length of a rectangle is decreased by 30%, by what

per cent should the width be increased to maintain the
Same area?
Exercise
1. The length of a rectangle is decreased by 25%. By what
per cent should the width be increased, so that area of
a)
b) 7 6 y1
c)
% d) None ofthese
I f the length of a rectangle is decreased by 40%, by what

per cent should the width be increased to maintain the
same area?
Exercise
1. I f the height of a triangle
base is increased by 40%.
area?
a) No change
c) 8% decrease
2
is decreased by 40% and its

What will be the effect on its
b) 16% increase
d) 16% decrease
[SBIPOExam 1999]
I f the length of a rectangle is increased by 20% and the
breadth reduced by 20%, what will be the effect on its
area?
a) 4% increase
b) 6% increase
c) 4% decrease
d) No change
[BSRB Guwahati PO Exam 1999|
564
3.
I f the length o f a rectangle is increased by 12% and
the width increased by 6%, the area of the rectangle
Ex. 1: I f radius o f a circle is increased by 5%, find the percentage increase in its area.
Soln: By the theorem:
<2
% increase in its area = 2 x 5 +
will:
a) increase by 19.53%
b) decrease by 6 %
c) increase by 19%
d) increase by 19.92%
100
= 10+0.25 = 10.25%
Ex. 2: I f all the sides o f a hexagon (six-sided figure) is increased by 2%, find the % increase in its area.
2
Soln: Required % increase=2x2+
4.
The length and breadth o f a square are increased by

40% and 30% respectively. The area o f resulting rectangle exceeds the area of the square by:
a) 42%
b)62%
c)82%
d) None of these
[I. Tax & Central Excise 1988]
The length o f a square is increased by 40% while
breadth is decreased by 40%. The ratio of area of the
resulting rectangle so formed to that of the original square
is:
a)25:21
b)21:25
c) 16:15
d) 15:16
(I. Tax & Central Excise 1989]
I f each of the dimensions o f a rectangle is increased by
100%, its area is increased by:
a) 100%
b)200%
c)300%
d)400%
5.
6.
Note: 1. Whenever there is decrease, use -ve value for x.

Whenever you get the -ve value, don't hesitate to
say that there is decrease in the area.
2. I f there is decrease in the above cases, find the percentage decrease in area, then answer for above two
examples is 9.75% and 3.96% respectively.
Ex. 1: % decrease in its area
try
= 2 x ( - 5 ) + ^ - = -10 + 0.25 = -9.75%

'
100
v
-ve sign shows that there is a decrease.

Ex. 2: % decrease in its area
(-2?
= 2 x ( - 2 ) + ^ - = - 4 + 0.46 = -;3.96%
100
Answers
1. d; Hint: The given rule is applicable for any two dimensional figure. Hence,
(
the required effect = |^+40-40
40x40",
|% = -16%
100
-ve sign shows that there is a decrease.
Exercise
1.
ie the area will decrease by 16%.

20x20 "|
o/
100
4% decrease.
2. c; Hint: Required effect = 20 - 20 :
0m
_40/
3. a
4. c; Hint: In this case also the given rule will be applied.
(
5. b; Hint: Change in area = I +
40x40 "\
l = %
ie area of the resulting rectangle is decreased by 16%.

required ratio
100-16
84
100
100
4.
Rule 88
Theorem: If all the measuring sides ofany two dimensional
figure is changed by x%, then its area changes by
%
100
a) 1 0 1 m
b)201 m
c) 100 m
d)200 m
I f radius of a circle is increased by 20%, find the percentage increase in its area.
a)40%
b)41%
c)44%
d)43%
I f radius of a circle is increased by 25%, find the percentage increase in its area.
2
b)66-i%
c)56^%
d) 56^-%
= 21 :25.
a) 56^-%
6.c
2x+-
I f the side of a square be increased by 50%, the per cent

increase in area is:
a) 50
b)100
c)125
d)150
(NDA Exam 1987)
Of the two square fields, the area of one is 1 hectare,
while the other one is broader by 1%. The difference in
areas is:
2
3.
1
= 4 + 0.04=4.04%
5.
6.
I f all the sides of a hexagon (six-sided figure) is increased

by 1%, find the % increase in its area.
a) 2%
b)2.1%
c)2.01%
d)3%
I f all the sides o f a octagon (eight-sided figure) is increased by 3%, find the % increase in its area.
a) 6%
b)6.3%
c)6.03%
d)6.09%
565
Answers
2.
1. c
^ , I
201
2. b; Hint: % increase = 2 x 1 + = %
100 100
1 hectare = 10000 sqm
2
201x10000
increseinarea=
in areas.
3.c
4.c
100x100
5.c
n /
3.
= 201 sq m = defference
4.
6.d
Rule 89
Theorem: If all the measuring sides of any two-dimensional
figure are changed (increased or decreased) byx% then its
perimeter also changes by the same, ie, x%.
a) 10%
b) 15%
c)2.5%
d)5%
I f the sides of a rectangle are increased each by 6%, find
the percentage increase in its diagonals.
a) 6%
b)6.5%
c)10%
d) None of these
I f the length and the two diagonals o f a rectangle are
each increased by 8%, then find the % increase in its
breadth.
a) 8%
b)4%
c)16%
d) No change
I f the length and the two diagonals of a rectangle are
breadth.
a) 9.5%
b)28%
c)19%
Answers
l.d
4.c
3. a
2.a
Rule 91
Ex.:
I f diameter of a circle is increased by 12%, find the %

increase in its circumference.
Soln: Although diameter is rarely used as the measuring
side of a circle, the above theorem holds good for it.
Thus, by the theorem, % increase in circumference =
12%.
Theorem: If a parallelogram, the length of whose sides are

x cm andy cm, has one diagonal z cm long, then the length
Exercise
1.
Ex.:
2.
3.
I f the radius of a circle is increased by 5% find the %

increase in its cirucmference.
a) 10%
b)5.01%
c) 10.25%
d)5%
I f the side of a square is decreased by 25.5%, find the %
decrease in its circumference.
a) 50%
b)25.5%
c)26%
d)26.5%
If the sides of an equilateral triangle is increased by 2%,
find the % increase in its circumference.
a) 2%
b)4%
c)6%
d)5%
r
of the other diagonal is
2\
2
>
x +y"
'
m.
A parallelogram, the length of whose sides are 12 cm

and 8 cm, has one diagonal 10 cm long. Find the length
of the other diagonal.
D
~,C
Answers
l.d
2.b
3.a
Rule 90
Theorem: If all sides of a quadrilateral are increased by
x% then its corresponding diagonals also increased byx%.
Ex. 1: I f the sides of a rectangle are increased each by 10%,
find the percentage increase in its diagonals.
Soln: Required % increase in diagonals = 10%.
Ex. 2: I f the length and the two diagonals, of a rectangle are
breadth.
Soln: From the above theorem it can be concluded that its
breadth also increases by the same value, i.e. 9%.
Exercise
1.
If the sides of a rectangle are increased each by 5%, find

the percentage increase in its diagonals.
Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.

LetBD=10cm.
.-. OB = 5cm
In triangle ABC, O is the mid-point of AC.
By a very important theorem in plane geometry, we
have in triangle ABC
AB +BC =2(oB +A0 )
2
=> 12 + 8 = 2 ( 5 + A 0 )
2
=> 144 + 64 = 50+ 2 A 0 => A O =79

.-. AO = 8.9 (approximately)
.-. the other diagonal = AC = 2 A O = 2 x 8.9 = 17.8 cm.
Quicker Method:
By the above mentioned theorem, we have
2
AB +BC
2
=2(0B +A0)
or, 2 A 0 = A B + B C - 2 ( O B )
2
566

^-{AB +BC -2(0B) }
AO:
.-. Other diagonal
required area = (2 + TC) = (4 + 2TC) sqm.
= 2AO = 2 ^{kB
- (
2
) }
Exercise
or, Other diagonal = ^ { A B + B C - 2 ( O B ) )

2
rr
J
1.
-\
x +y
'
2 J)
TC
c)-m
m
2.
= ^/{l44 + 64 - 2 x 25}
= V 2 x l 5 8 = V316 = 17.8 (approx.)
Exercise
A parallelogram, the length of whose sides are 15 cm/
c) ^253 cm d) 7506 cryi
a) V255 cm b) 17cm
2.
A parallelogram, the length o f whose sides are 18 cm

a) 27 cm
3.
A semi-cirple is constructed on each side of a square of

length 1 m. Find the area of the whole figure.
a) 1 +
b) 1
m
m
,2>
Thus, in this case, other diagonal
1.
b) 27.2 cm
A semi-circle is constructed on each side of a square of

a)8(2+n)m
b)2(2+n)m
c)8rcm
d)16(2+7t)m
A semi-circle is constructed on each side of a square of
a)18(2+7t)m
b)16(2+7t)m
c) 16 TC m
d)Can't be determined
Answers
l.a
2.a
3.a
Rule 93
Theorem: If the radius ofa circle is decreased by 'x' metres,
then the ratio of the area of the original circle to the re-
c) ^640 cm d) 28.5 cm
A parallelogram, the length of whose sides are 16 cm

a) V540 cm
b) 7270 cm
c) V640 cm
duced circle becomes a: b. The radius is given by

1metres.
Answers
l.d
2.b
3.a
Rule 92
Theorem: If a semi-circle is constructed on each side of a
square of length x m, then the area of the whole figure is
Ex.:
The area of a circle is halved when its radius is decreased by n. Find its radius.
Soln: By the question we have,
Tt(r-n)
_ 1
2
or,
=2(r-n)
r 2
rcr
,2
or,r -{v/2(r-n)f=0
given by ( 2 + * ) sqm.
2
'
or, | r - V 2 ( r - n ) } { r + V 2 ( r - n ) } = 0
Ex.:
A semi-circle is constructed on each side of a square

of length 2 m. Find the area of the whole figure.
Soln: Detail Method: Total area = Area of square + 4(Area
of a semi-circle)
= 2 +4 2
Since r + V2 (r - n ) * 0 , we have
r-V2(r-n)=0
V2n
r =
7 1 1 - 2
= ( 4 + 27t)m ( r a d i u s = | = l )
2
A/2-1
or, {j2-l)=
r
V2n
567
Now, this perimeter is the circumference of the circle.

circumference of the circle
Tc(r-n)
1
; =
2
Quicker Method -1: We have,
rcr
2V22
" 2rcr = 4V22
'V2"(r-n)| _
2
or,
V2(r-n)_
=1
area of the circle
'2V2T
J2n
or, r ( V 2 - l ) = V2n
= rcr
2.
7 T 7
1.
2.
3VJ
c
3.
V T i
Exercise
3.
4x22x7 .
= 28 cm
TC
22
have
. .
4x22x7
area of circle = = cnr.
22
3V3
a
71
4x22
_ ->J2n
The radius of a circle is decreased by 2 m, then the ratio

of the area of the original circle to the reduced circle
becomes 1 :4. Find its radius.
a)4m
b)6m
c)3m
d)2m
becomes 1:3. Find its radius.
rcx4x22
=*
Exercise
1.
.-. r - ~WZ\
Quicker Method - II: Applying the above theorem,

we have
radius
.'. r =
4.

becomes 4 :9. Find its radius,
a) 12m
b)16m
c)14m
d)20m
A cord is in the form of a square enclosing an area of 2.2

sq m. I f the same cord is bent into a circle, then find the
area of that circle.
a)2.8sqm
b)3.8sqm c)2.9sqm
d)3sqm
A cord is in the form of a square enclosing an area of 11
sq cm. I f the same cord is bent into a circle, then find the
a)22sqcm b) 1.4sqcm c) 14sqcm d)28sqcm
A cord is in the form of a square enclosing an area of 3 3
sq cm. I f the same cord is bent into a circle, then find the
A cord is in the form of a square enclosing an area of 4.4
sq m. I f the same cord is bent into a circle, then find the
a)5.6sqm
b)56sqm
c)0.56sqm
d)6.5sqm
Answers
Answers
l.a
2.c
l.a
3.a
2.c
3.a
4.a
Rule 95
Rule 94
Theorem: If the area of a square isxsq units, then area of
Theorem: Two poles 'x'm and 'y' m high stand upright. If

there feet be 'z'm apart, then the distance between their
4x
the circle formed by the same perimeter is given by sq
tops is{4z
1
(y-*) )
14
units. Or
11'
metres.
sq units
Ex.:
Ex.:
A cord is in the form of a square enclosing an area of

22 cm . I f the same cord is bent into a circle, then find
the area of that circle.
Soln: Detail Method: Area of square = 22 cm
2
.-. Perimeter of the square = 4^22
2+
Two poles 15 m and 30 m high stand upright in a

playground. I f their feet be 36 m apart, find the distance between their tops.
Soln: Detail Method: Frqm the figure it is required to find the
length CD.
WehaveCA = LB = 15m
> L D = B D - L B = 15m
568
Exercise
1.
15m
The circumference of a circle is 22 cm. Find the area of

the square inscribed in the circle.
a) 24 sq cm
b) 24.2 sq cm
c) 24.5 sq cm
d) None of these
The circumference of a circle is 44 cm. Find the side of
a) i / 2 cm
b) / 2 cm
4 >
7>
c)7cm
d)14cm
The circumference of a circle is 50 cm. Find the area of
36 m
C D = / C L + D L =V36 +15 =Vl52T = 39 cm>
1250
b) sq cm
250V2
a)
have
the distance between their tops
50
c) sq cm
= /36 +(30-15)
>
=Vl52T = 39cm
3.
l.c
Two poles 12 m and 18 m high stand upright in a playground. If their feet be 8 m apart, find the distance between their tops.
a) 10m
b)12m
c) 6 m
a) 8 m
b)6m
c)5m
c)9m
a)25m*
b)28m
c)30m
2.c
Theorem: The area of the largest triangle inscribed in a

semi-circle of radius risr .
2
Ex:
The largest triangle is inscribed in a semi-circle of

radius 1 cm. Find the area of the triangle.
1
required area = (14) =196 sqcm.

2
Exercise
1.
d)24m
3.c
2.
Rule 96
Theorem: Area of a square inscribed in a circle of radius r
is 2r and side of a square inscribed in a circle of radius r
2
3.
is yJ2x.
Note: Such a square is the largest quadrilateral inscribed in a
circle.
The largest triangle is inscribed in a semi-circle of radius

4 cm. Find the area of the triangle.
a) 16sqcm
b) 8 sqcm
c) 12 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
a) 30 sqcm
b) 225 sqcm
c) 310 sqcm
d) 350 sqcm
a) 24 sqcm
b) 144 sqcm
c) 288 sq cm
d) None of these
Answers
Ex:
l.a
The circumference bf a circle is 100 cm. Find the side

of the square inscribed in the circle.
Soln: Circumference of the circle = 2rtr
100
>j , g
2.b
3.b
Rule 98
Theorem: If the largest triangle is inscribed in a semi-circle
of radius r cm, then the area inside the semi-circle which is
.50
'*
3.b
2.b
Rule 97
Answers
l.a
2500
d) sq cm
Answers
Exercise
I.
sqcm
. .;.
50
side of the inscribed square = V2r = V2x-
not occupied by the triangle is
sq cm.
569
Ex.:
The largest triangle is inscribed in a semi-circle of

radius 14 cm. Find the area inside the semi-circle which
is not occupied by the triangle.
Such area = Area of semicircle - Area of such largest
triangle
(22-14)
rc 7
- l = 14 x
= 112
r
cnr
14
2
have
3.
= - x l 4 x l 4 = 112 sqcm.
7
4.
Find the area of the largest circle that can be drawn in a

square of side 1 m.
TC
TC
a) sq m
2.
3.
i
7t
sq m
c) 4n sq m
d) sq m
l.a
2.b
4. a
3. a
Rule 100

7 cm. Find the area inside the semi-circle which is not
occupied by the triangle.
a) 28 sq cm
b) 35 sq cm
c) 24 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
a) 448 sqcm
b) 484 sqcm
c) 844 sq cm
d) None of these
Theorem: Tofind the area of the quadrilateral when its any

diagonal and the perpendiculars drawn on this diagonal
from other two vertices are given.
1
Area of the quadrilateral = x any diagonal x (sum of
perpendiculars drawn on diagonal from two vertices)
Ex.:
In a quadrilateral, the length of one of its diagonals is

23 cm and the perpendiculars drawn on this diagonal
from other two vertices measure 17 cm and 7 cm respectively. Find the area of the quadrilateral.
Soln: In any quadrilateral,
Answers
l.a
b)
Answers
Exercise
1.
d) Data inadequate
c) - sq cm
the required area i x l 4
c) 615 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
Find the area of the largest circle that can be drawn in a
square of side 2 m.
a) rc sq cm
b) 2TC sq cm
Area of the quadrilateral = ]- x any diagonal * (sum

2.c
3. a
of perpendi-culars drawn on diagonal from two vertices)
Rule 99
Theorem: The area of the largest circle that can be drawn
= ixDx(P,+P )
2
in a square of side x is
= ^x23x(l7 + 7)=12x23 = 276 sqcm.
Ex.:
Find the area of the largest circle that can be drawn in

a square of side 14 cm.
Soln: By the formula, we have
(14)
the required area = \j2~
x 2
zz
=yx7
=154
c m
Exercise
1.
<3 .
Exercise
1.
Find the area of the largest

square of side 7 cm.
a) 38.5 sq cm b) 42 sqcm
Find the area of the largest
square of side 28 cm.
a)516sqcm
circle that can be drawn in a
c) 35 sqcm d) 42.5 sqcm

circle that cn be drawn in a
b)616sqcm
3.
Find the area of a quadrilateral piece of ground one of

whose diagonals is 50 metres long and the lengths of
perpendiculars from the other two vertices are 29 and 21
metres respectively.
a) 1250 sqm
b) 1520 sqm
c) 1230 sq m
In a quadrilateral, the length of one of its diagonals is 13
cm and the perpendiculars drawn on this diagonal from
other two vertices measure 12 cm and 8 cm respectively.
Find the area of the quadrilateral.
a)130sqcm b)135sqcm c)145sqcm d) 144sqcm
570
4.

Find the area of the quadrilateral,
a) 166 sqcm
b) 146 sqcm
c) 176 sqcm
d) 176 sqcm
Find the area of the quadrilateral,
a) 126 sq cm
b) 136 sq cm
c) 144 sqcm
d) 124 sqcm
Rule 102
Theorem: The area of a circle inscribed in an equilateral
TC 2
triangle of side x is x . (See figure)
Answers
l.a
2. a
3.c
4. a
Rule 101
Ex:
Theorem: The area of a circle circumscribing an equilateraltriangle of side x is y
. (See figure)
The length o f side o f an equilateral triangle is 9 cm.

Find the area o f the circle inscribing the equilateral
triangle.
,
7i
27TC
the required area = x 9 x 9 = q m .
S
Exercise
1.
The length of side of an equilateral triangle is 6 cm. Find

the area of the circle inscribing the equilateral triangle,
a) 3TC sq cm
b) 4TC sq cm
c) - t sq cm

the area of the circle inscribing the equilateral triangle.
Ex.:
The side of an equilateral triangle is 9 cm long. Find

the area o f the circle circumscribing the equilateral
triangle.
area of the required circle = y x 9 x 9 = 27rc sqcm.
Exercise
1.
3.
The side of an equilateral triangle is 3 cm long. Find the

area of the circle circumscribing the equilateral triangle,
a) 3TC sq cm
b) 4ic sq cm
c) 6rc sq cm
d) 9TC sq cm
a) 12TC sqcm
b)l6rcsqcm
c) 24TC sq cm
d) Data inadequate
a) 36TC sq cm
b) 48rt sq cm
c) 54TC sq cm
d) Data inadequate
Answers
l.a
2.a
3.b
d) Data inadequate
a) 4TC sq cm
b) TC sq cm
c) ~
d) rc sq cm
sqcm
The length o f side o f an equilateral triangle is 12 cm.

Find the area of the circle inscribing the equilateral triangle.
a) 12TC sq cm
4.
b)
47t
sq cm
c) 871 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
the area of the circle inscribing the equilateral triangle.
16
a) ~
sqcm
b) 5TC sqcm
c) 6TI sqcm
d) Data inadequate
Answers
l.a
2.c
3.a
4.a
571
Rule 103
Theorem: Radius of a largest circle that can be drawn in
ut equilateral triangle of side x units is
units.
EJL:
There is an equilateral triangle of side 12 cm. Find the

radius of the circle that can be drawn in the equilateral triangle.
radius of the circle - ^ x l 2 = 2>/3 cm.
6
Exercise
L

radius of the circle that can be drawn in the equilateral
triangle.
a) 4 ^ cm
b) 73 cm
c) 2>/3 cm
d) Data inadequate

triangle.
2
a) 2V3 cm
b) ^3 cm
c)
cm
Ex:
The length of side of an equilateral triangle is 10 cm.

Find the ratio of the areas of the circle circumscribing
the triangle to the circle inscribing the triangle.
required ratio = 4 : 1 .
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
d) 4^/3 cm

triangle.

Find the ratio ot the areas of the circle circumscribing
a)4:l
b)5:4
c)2:l
d)3:2
The length o f side of an equilateral triangle is 15 cm.
a^7:4
b)3:2
c)4:l
d) Data inadequate
a)4:l
b)3:l
c)5:2
d)9:0
Answers
l.a
2.c
3.a
Rule 105
a) 3>/3 cm
b)
c)
d) Data inadequate
cm
cm

triangle.
a) 2 V J cm
4
b)^cm
c) 4^3 cm
d) Data inadequate
Theorem: If the area of a circle inscribed in an equilateral

triangle is 'A' sq units, then the side of the equilateral triangle is
|12A
units.
\t
Ex:
Area of a circle inscribed in an equilateral triangle is

616 sq cm. Find the side of the equilateral triangle.
Soln: Detail Method: According to the question,
7tr =616> where r = radius of the circle
2
Answers
3
2.c
616x7
v . ' - y - a " From geometry, we have,
A D = 30D
ie Height of the equilateral triangle = 3x radius.
1
3. a
4.c
Rule 104
I Theorem: An equilateral triangle is circumscribed by a
srcle and another circle is inscribed in that triangle then
'. ratio of the areas of the two circles is 4:1. (Seefigure)
In right-angled-triangle ABD,
= (42f
2)
572
where, a = side of the equilateral triangle
4a -a
2
or,
or, 3a = (42) x 4
2
or, a =
= 28^3 cm

have
112x616x7
_ ,
the required answer = J
= vl2x28x7
F
E
b)48
c)20
d)32
[Provident Fund Commissioner Exam, 20021
Find the number o f diagonals of a polygon having 12
sides.
a) 56
4.
a)66
= V28x28x3 =2873 cm.
1.
Area of a circle inscribed in an equilateral triangle is 66

sq cm. Find the side of the equilateral triangle.
a) 7-J6 cm. b) 6^7 cm c) 36 cm d) Data inadequate
3.

b)12cm
c) 14V7
d) Data inadequate

a) 12V3 cm b) r e ^ c m c) 14^7 cm d) 14^3 cm
Answers
2. a
l.b
3.d
Rule 106
Theorem: There is a relation between the number of sides
and the number of diagonals in a polygon. The relational _ 2}
ship is given below. Number of diagonals =
-~r-;
where, n=no.of
The area of a rectangular plot is 14 times its breadth.

I f the difference between the length and the breadth
is 9 metres, what is its breadth?
Soln: Detail Method: Let 1 be the length and b be the breadd:
of the rectangular plot.
lxb=14*b
.-. 1 = H
Again, 1 - b = 9
or, 14-b = 9
.-. b = 14-9 = 5metres.
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we ha\
the required answer = 1 4 - 9 = 5 metres.
Note: I f instead of difference, sum of the length and breadA
is given, breadth is given by (y - x) m. Here x will be
always less than y.
Exercise
1.
6(6-3) _
2
9 diagonals.
Note: A 'hexagon' has six sides.
Exercise
3.
4c
Ex.:
Find the no. of diagonals o f a hexagon.
Soln: Applying the above theorem,
2.
3. c; Hint: The given figure has 8 sides.
Rule 107
1.
2. a
Theorem: The area of a rectangular plot is 'x' times its

breadth. If the difference between the length and breadth a
'y'metres, then the breadth is given by (x -y) metres.
sides in the polygon.
for hexagon, there are
d)48
Ex:
a) 12-/7 cm
c
c)54
Answers
l.a
Exercise.
b)64
Find the no. of diagonals of a pentagon.

a)5
b) 10
c)15
d)8
Find the no. o f diagonals of a septagon.
a) 14
b) 12
c)16
'
d)8
How many lines other than those shown in the figure are
required to join each coiner with another?
3.
4.
Area of a rectangular plot is 15 times its breadth. If the

difference between the length and the bredth is 10 metres,
what is its breadth?
a) 10 metres
b) 5 metres
c) 7.5 metres
d) Data inadequate
(BSRB Calcutta PO 1999|
Area o f a rectangular plot is 12 times its breadth. If the
difference between the length and the bredth is 8 metres,
a) 5 m
b)2m
c)4m
d)6m
Area of a rectangular plot is 14 times its breadth. If H E
difference between the length and the bredth is 9 mera.
a)5m
b)4m
c) 6 m
Area of a rectangular plot is 18 times its breadth. If a
difference between the length and the bredth is 6 meca.
MATH'
573
b) 14 m
ii)12m
Answers
l.b '
2.c
c) 10 m
3. a
d) Data inadequate
The length of a rectangle is twice its breadth'. If its length

is decreased by 5 cm and breadth is incresed by 5 cm,
4.a
the area of rectangle is increased by 75 c m . Therefore,

the length of the rectangle is:
a) 20 cm
b)30cm
c)40cm
d)50cm
[CDS Exam 19911
The area of a rectangle is thrice that of a square. Length
of the rectangle is 40 cm and breadth of the rectangle is
2
Miscellaneous
xam, 2002|
having 12
18
les.
4. c
v' times as
d breadth a
tetres.
The length and the breadth of the floor of a room is 20 ft

and 10 ft respectively. Square tiles of 2 ft dimension having three different colours are placed on the floor. The
first row of tiles on all sides is of black colour, out of the
remaining one-third is of white colour and the remaining
are of blue colour. How many blue-colour tiles are there?
a) 16
b)32
c)48
d)24
ISBIPO Exam 2000]
The perimeter of a rectangle is equal to the perimeter of
a right-angled triangle of height 12 cm. I f the base of the
triangle is equal to the breath o f the rectangle, what is
the length of the rectangle?
a) 18 cm
b)24cm
IBSRBMumbaiPO 1998|
The squared value of the diagonal of a rectangle is (64 +
B ) sq cm, where B is less than 8 cm. What is the breadth
of that rectangle?
a) 6 cm
b) 10 cm
c) 8 cm
d) Data inadequate
(BSRB Mumbai PO 1998]
A rectangular plate is of 6 m breadth and 12 m length.
Two apertures of 2 m diameter each and one aperture of
1 m diameter have been made with the help of a gas
cutter. What is the area o f the remaining portion of the
plate?
a) 62.5 sqm
b) 68.5 sqm
c) 64.5 sq m
d) None of these
IBank of Baroda PO 1999]
The length and the breadth of a rectangle are in the ratio
of 3 : 2 respectively. I f the sides o f the rectangle are
extended on each side by 1 metre, the ratio of length to
breadth becomes 1 0 : 7 . Find the area o f the original
rectangle in square metres.
a) 256
b)150
c)280
d) None of these
[BSRB Guwahati PO 1999]
The area of a right-angled triangle is two-third of the
area of a rectangle. The base of the triangle is 80 per cent
of the breadth of the rectangle. I f the perimeter of the
rectangle is 200 cm, what is the height of the triangle?
a) 20 cm
b) 30 cm
[BSRB Chennai PO 2000)
Four sheets of 50 cm * 5 cm are to be arranged in such a
manner that a square could be formed. What will be the
area of inner part of the square so formed?
2
its breadrk.
the breadth;
; the bread*
ule. we nstm
and breadii
lere x will \m
readth. If
is 10 mei
(uate
tta PO 1<
jreadth. I
th is 8 me
i)6m
breadth. I
1th is 9 mt
3
times that o f the side of the square. The side of the
square in cm is:
10. a)60
b)20
c)30
d) 15
The perimeters o f both, a square and a rectangle are
each equal to 48 m and the difference between their areas is 4 m . The breadth of the rectangle is:
b)12m
c)14m
d) None ofthese
11. a) 10 m
The expenses of carpeting a hall room were Rs 54000,
but if the length had been 2 metres less than it was, the
expenses would have been Rs 48000. What was the
length?
b)14m
c)27m
d)18m
12. a) 16m
A circular road runs round a circular garden. If the difference between the circumferences of the outer circle and
the inner circle is 44 metres find the width of the road.
a)7m
b)14m
c)8m
d)16m
2
Answers
1. a; Hint:
i White |
Bluej2
Black
R
Area covered by black tiles
= (20 + 2 0 ) x 2 + (6 + 6) *2 = 80 + 24=104sqft
Area of the floor PQRS = 20 x 10 = 200 sq ft
.-. Remaining area = 100 -104 = 96 sq ft
.-. Area covered by white tiles = 96 = 32 sq ft
x
.-. Area covered by blue tiles = 96 - 32 = 64 sq ft

No. of blue-colour tiles =
terminec
breadth. Ii
Ufa is 61
c)1800 cm
b)1600 c m
d) None of these
[BSRB Bangalore PO 2000]
64
2x2
= 16
2. d
3. a; Hint: Diagonal = 6 4 + B
2
a)2000 cm'
Black
B =6
4. d; Hint: Reqdarea=
"
or, i o = 6 4 + 6
2
574

2 x + 5 x - 2 5 - 2 x =75 or5x = 50 o r x = 1 0 .
Hence, length = 20 cm.
9. b; Hint: Length of the rectangle = 40 cm.
Let the side of the square be x cm.
9TC
9 22
. =72-('2TC + - = 72 = 72 x
4
4 7
99
= 7 2 - , = 7 . 0 7 ==, 64.93 sqm
S. d; Hint: Let the length and breadth be / and b respectively.

/_
3
2
or,'l = - b .
1+ 2
10
b+ 2
(0
or, 7/-10b = 6
From eq (i)
10.5b-10b = 6
4 0 x - x = 3 x =>x = 20
2
.-. side of the square = 20 cm.
10. a; Hint: Let the length of rectangle = x metres & its breadrr.
= y m.
Also, let the side of the square be z metres.
Then,2(x + y) = 4z = 48 => x + y = 24andz= 12.
2
(ii)
or,0.5b = 6
Then, breadth of the rectangle = x cm.
or,b= 12and/= 18
Area = / x b = 1 8 x 12 = 216 m
6. d; Hint: Let the base and height of triangle, and length and
2
Also, 2 -xy = 4 => x y =

z
So, ( x - y )
breadth of rectangle be L and h and L , and b, respectively. Then - x L x h = - x L, x b,
(j)
=(x + y)
z 2
- 4 = 144-4= 140.
-4xy = 576-560=16.
.-. x - y = 4andx + y = 24. So,2y = 2 0 o r y = 10 m.

11. d; Hint: Let the length be xm and breadth be ym
Area = xy sq m
54000
L =
(ii)and L , + b , =100.
.(iii)
in the.above we have three equations and four unknowns. Hence the value of ' h ' can't be determined.
7.d; Hint:
Cost of carpeting per sq m = Rs
xy
(0
In the second case length is reduced by 2 m ie

Area = (x - 2) y sq m
48000
Cost of carpeting per sq m = ( _ 2 ) y
x
(")
Now, from the question, we have

54000 _ 48000
xy
50 cm
The four sheets are BMRN, AMQL, 1MSKC and DLPK

.-. Side of the new square sheet = 50 + 5 = 55 cm and side
of the inner part of the square (55 -10 =) 45 cm
~(x-2)y
"
1 8 m e t r e s
12. a; Hint: Let the radii be R, and R

circles respectively.
Now, according to the question,
"
of the outer and inne-
2TCR, -2TCR = 4 4
2
Hence, area = (45) = 2025 sq cm.

2
8. a; Hint: Let breadth = x cm and length = 2x cm.

Then, (2x - 5) (x+5) - x x 2x = 75.
R,-R
44
2
2XTC
7m
[R,-R
= width of the road ]

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Elementary Mensuration - 1

hectare. Find the base and the height of the lawn.

Si find the area of a triangle if its base and height are

height in the ratio 2 : 3 . The area of the lawn is

[I tax & Central Excise 1988]

PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

(a + b + c) then, Area of the triangle

.-. Area of the triangle = -xBase* Height

x6.5x6.2 sqm = 20.15 sqm

3. b; Hint: Area of the field -

Soln: Here a = 50 metres, b = 78 metres, c = 112 metres.

= (13.5 x 10000)= 135000sqm

.-. s= j (50 + 78+ 112)

Find the area of a triangle whose sides are 50 metres,

= - - x 240 metres = 120 metres.

Hence, altitude = 300 metres and base = 900 metres (Also

area = V l 2 0 x 7 0 x 4 2 x 8 = 1680 sq metres

4. b; Hint: Let the base be 2x metres and height 3x metres.

8. a;Hint: ^ x 3 x x 4 x = 150 or, x = 5

Find the area o f a triangle with two sides equal, each

3. d; Hint: Let the original sides be a, b, c then

Area of this triangle = J s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)

.-. Area of new triangle = y]S(S - 2a)(S - 2b)(S - 2c)

= J2s(2s - 2a)(2s - 2b%2s - 2c)

Area of an equilateral triangle = x (side) and perim- ^ / l 6s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)

eter of an equilateral triangle = 3 x side.

s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c) =4 x (area of original triangle).

Find the area of an equilateral triangle each of whose

Find the area of an equilateral triangle each of whose

Find the area of a triangle in which each side measures 8

Area= ^78(78 - 51)(78 - 52)(78 - 53)

Each side of an equilateral triangle is increased by 1.5%.

PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is equal to 14 cm:

(CDS Exam 1989)

Increase in area= | Ax xlOO |% = l.5/

triangle. The length of hypotenuse is 5 0 ^ 2 - The cost

A plot of land is in the shape of a right angled isosceles

1. d; Hint: Let lateral side = 5x & base = 4x

Area = x 4 x 4 = 4-\/3 sqm

2. c; Hint: Let each of the equal sides be a metres long.

.-. Perimeter of the triangle = (50 + 50 + 50 J2 )

= 100 + 50x1.4146= 170.73 m

3. a; Hint: Area= ^ x l O x l O =50 sqm

(Hi) Perimeter = (2a + b)

The base and the other side of an isosceles triangle is

cm. Find its height.

Length of the side o f an equilateral triangle is 4 ^3

Height of an equilateral triangle is 6 cm. Find its side,

Length of the side of an equilateral triangle is

Ex. 2: The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 100 cm. I f the

The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 60 cm. I f the

Find its height.

Length of the side of an equilateral triangle is 3 ^3 cm.

Area of the equilateral triangle =

Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we have

PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we have the

area of the equilateral triangle

Height of an equilateral triangle is 12 cm. Find its area,