Strength Aspects of Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete PDF
Strength Aspects of Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete PDF
Strength Aspects of Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete PDF
ISSN 2229-5518
1 INTRODUCTION
Concrete is the most widely used man-made
construction material in the world, and is second only to
water as the most utilized substance on the planet. It is
obtained by mixing cementing materials, water and
aggregates, and sometimes admixtures, in required
proportions [1]. The mixture when placed in forms and
allowed to cure hardens into a rock-like mass known as
concrete. The strength, durability and other characteristics
of concrete depend upon the properties of its
ingredients, on the proportions of mix, the method of
compaction and other controls during placing, compaction
and curing [5]. Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is concrete
containing fibrous material which increases its structural
integrity [2]. Fiber Reinforced Concrete can be defined as
a composite material consisting of mixtures of cement,
mortar or concrete and discontinuous, discrete, uniformly
dispersed suitable fibers. Fibre-reinforced normal concrete
are mostly used for on-ground floors and pavements, but
can be considered for a wide range of construction parts
(beams, pliers, foundations etc) either alone or with handtied rebars [1]. Concrete reinforced with fibres (which are
usually steel, glass or plastic fibres) is less expensive
than hand-tied rebar, while still increasing the tensile
strength many times. Shape, dimension and length of
fibre is important. A thin and short fibre, for example
short hair-shaped glass fibre, will only be effective the
first hours after pouring the concrete (reduces cracking
while the concrete is stiffening) but will not increase the
concrete tensile strength. [2]
2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Griffiths conducted study to investigate the mechanical
properties of glass fibre reinforced polyester Polymer
concrete. The author observed that the modulus of rupture
of polymer concrete containing 20% polyester resin and
about 79% fine silica aggregate is about 20 MPa. The
addition of about 1.5% chopped glass fibres (by weight) to
the material increases the modulus of rupture by about 20%
and the fracture toughness by about 55%. Glass fibres
improve the strength of the material by increasing the force
required for deformation and improve the toughness by
increasing the energy required for crack propagation.
Sorousshian reported the results of an experimental
study on the relative effectiveness of different types of
steel fibre in concrete. The author observed that the
inclusion of fibres decreases the workability of fresh
concrete and this effect is more pronounced for fibres with
higher aspect ratios. The effects of fibre type on fresh mix
workability, as represented both subjectively and by the
inverted slump and cone time, seem to be insignificant.
Crimped fibres result in slightly higher slump values when
compared with straight and hooked fibres. Rao studied the
effect of glass fibres on the mechanical properties of M20
and M30 grades of concrete. Babu investigated the
addition of the glass fibres and concluded that there is
increase in the compressive strength upto 1% by volume
at higher fibre percentages and the strength decrease if
the fibre content is increased significantly.
Cement
Pozzolana Portland cement is used in the project work, as it
is readily available in local market. The cement used in the
project work has been tested for various proportions as per
IS: 4031-1988 and found to be conforming to various
specifications of IS: 1489-1991[8]. The specific gravity was
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Coarse Aggregate
Crushed angular granite metal from a local source was
used as coarse aggregate. The specific gravity was 2.71,
Flakiness index of 4.58 % and elongation index of 3.96 %.
The coarse aggregate used in the project work are 20 mm
down grade.
Fine Aggregate
River white sand was used as fine aggregate. The
specific gravity was 2.55 and fineness modulus was 2.93
respectively. The fine aggregate used in the project work is
4.75 mm down grade.
Glass Fibre
The glass fibres used are of Cem-Fil Anti-Crak HD with
modulus of elasticity 72 Gpa, filament diameter 14
microns, specific gravity 2.68, length 12 mm and having the
aspect ratio of 857.1[7]. The numbers of fibres per Kg is 212
million fibres [3] [4].
3.2 Methods
Workability
The workability tests were performed using standard
sizes of Slump Moulds as per IS: 1199 - 1999 and
Compaction Factor apparatus which was developed in UK
and is described in IS: 1199 - 1999[9].
Compressive Strength
The Steel mould of size 150 x 150 x 150 mm is well
tighten and oiled thoroughly. They were allowed for
curing in a curing tank for 28 days and they were tested in
200-tonnes electro hydraulic closed loop machine. The test
procedures were used as per IS: 516-1979[10].
Flexural Strength
The Steel mould of size 500 x 100 x 100 mm is well
tighten and oiled thoroughly. They were allowed for
curing in a curing tank for 28 days and they were tested in
universal testing machine. The test procedures were used
as per IS 516-1979[10].
Split Tensile Strength
The specimens shall be cylinder with 150 mm in
diameter and 300 mm long and is well tighten and oiled
thoroughly. They were allowed for curing in a curing tank
for 28 days and they were tested in universal testing
machine. The test procedure were used as per IS 58161999[11].
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TABLE-1. QUANTITIES OF MATERIALS REQUIRED PER 1 CUM OF ORDINARY CONCRETE AND GLASS FIBRE CONCRETE MIXES [12] [6]
Grade Of
Concrete
Cement (Kg)
M 20
M 30
M 40
338.18
413.33
465.00
Fine
Aggregate
(Kg)
722.41
661.90
628.54
Coarse
Aggregates
(Kg)
1132.42
1131.33
1121.86
Water (ltr)
W/C ratio
Glass Fibres
186
186
186
0.55
0.45
0.40
0.03 % by
volume of
concrete
CONCRETE
MIX
M 20
M 30
M 30
COMPACTION FATOR
WITH GF
0.930
0.915
0.880
WIHOUT GF
0.945
0.930
0.905
TABLE-3. COMPRESSIVE, FLEXURAL AND SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH FOR DIFFERENT GRADES OF CONCRETE MIXES
Grade Of
Concrete
Days Of
Curing
M-20
03
07
28
03
07
28
03
07
28
M-30
M-40
Compressive Strength
(N/mm2)
WITHOUT GF WITH GF
12.00
20.66
24.14
25.22
30.07
38.89
16.74
27.48
28.30
30.45
40.30
49.04
22.15
30.70
32.30
40.67
49.60
61.20
Flexural Strength
(N/mm2)
WITHOUT GF
WITH GF
6.17
10.83
8.58
14.17
14.33
18.75
8.92
12.33
10.20
13.83
15.58
20.08
10.67
13.33
14.67
16.83
16.67
21.57
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TABLE-4. PERCENTAGE INCREASE OF COMPRESSIVE, FLEXURAL AND SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH OF GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE IN
COMPARISON WITH ORDINARY CONCRETE MIXES.
Grade Of
Concrete
M-20
M-30
M-40
Days Of Curing
03
07
28
03
07
28
03
07
28
Compressive
Strength (%)
72.16
4.48
29.33
64.16
7.60
21.70
38.60
26.00
23.40
Flexural Strength
(%)
75.53
65.15
30.84
38.23
35.60
28.90
24.93
14.72
29.40
Fig.2. Variation of compressive strength of ordinary concrete and Glass fibre reinforced concrete with age in days.
Fig.3. Variation of flexural strength of ordinary concrete and Glass fibre reinforced concrete with age in days.
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Fig.4 variation of Split tensile strength of ordinary concrete and Glass fibre reinforced concrete with Age.
[3].
5. CONCLUSION
[4].
[5].
[6].
[7].
[8].
[9].
[10].
[11].
REFRENCES
[1].
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[12].