Electrical Design Course

Facebook page : Engfreelancer
By eng. Eman Mohamed
Staff Training
Electrical engineer training.
Complete electrical design for projects
By: Engfreelancer

Overall goals of the sessions

Practical experience to work in consultation offices
Electrical Design for Buildings
And directed the project professionally
Your own footer

Electrical engineer
In the field of contracting
Office Consultant
1
doing a full electrical design for building
Contracting company
Work as site engineer

Technical office Engineer
supplier
Technical office Engineer

Sales engineer
Project Requirements
1
Lighting system
Electrical power circuits design
UPS system
HVAC power
Light current systems
Fire alarm, sound, CCTV, Data,

telephone, TV and nurse call system
Cable tray (wiring mangment )
Block riser
SLD
BOQ (bill of quantity )
10
Spec, vender list
11
Drawing list - finishing


You got a project

Project
description
New ARC
Contact
with ARC

1st step
Lighting design

Design steps
Architect engineer
-proposal lighting design
Electrical engineer
-check Arc. Design

-- full design

Design steps
LUX
Standard
1st step : Determine the required lux in

each room Get from :
- standard
- Dialux
Choose
Lamp type
,Luminears
Choose the Lamp type according to :

1- application
2- Ra COLOR RENDERING , ROOM HEIGHT
3- MOUNTING TYPE , LIGHT DISTRIBUTION, SHAPE, COMPONENT ,
IP
Number of
luminaires
Calculate Number of Luminaires Required

Distribution of Luminaires

1st step
LUX
Standard
1st step : Determine the required lux in

each room Get from :
- standard
- Dialux
Cheek annex Egypt standard

Dialux contents
Number of
luminaires

2nd step
Choose
Lamp type
, Luminaire
Choose the Lamp type according to :

1- application
2- Ra COLOR RENDERING , ROOM HEIGHT
3- MOUNTING TYPE , LIGHT DISTRIBUTION, SHAPE, COMPONENT ,
IP

Definitions
)/( : /

) :COLOR RENDERING (RA
RA = - % 100
Ra 90 Ra 8089 Ra 7079 Ra 6069 :
3000 WARM WHITE ) ( 6000 840 8 RA
Choose lamp


Lamp types
Incandescent lamp) -
Tungsten halogen lamp)

2
Efficiency : 14-22 lumen / W

RA : 100
USED: DECORATION

RA : 40-100
USED: GENERAL LIGHTING
.(High pressure sodium lamp, HPS)
(High pressure mercury vapour lamp,

HPM) -
Efficiency : 13 lumen / W
RA : 100
USED: DOMESTIC LIGHTING
(Low pressure sodium lamp, SOX)

RA : 20
USED: STREET LIGHTING
Fluorescent lamp

RA : 45
USED: STREET LIGHTING,
COMMERCIAL
Efficiency : 55 lumen / W
RA : 40
USED: STREET LIGHTING,
INDUSTRIAL
Lamp types
.(Metal halide lamp, MH)

RA : 90-80
USED: INDUSTRIAL INDOOR
LIGHTING

Nots


Lamp types

LIGHTING EMITTING DIODES LED
:
100000 10000 . .
. .
** .
)(FIBER OPTICS

.

1 2 6
0.5 20 120

.
Choose lamp


Choose Lamp type

Luminaire types
:
.1
.2 ) ( BALLASTS
.3
.4
.5

.1 CLASSIFICATION BY MOUNTING TYPE
.2 CLASSIFICATION BY LIGHT DISTRIBUTION
.3 CLASSIFICATION BY SHAPE OR FORM
.4 CLASSIFICATION BY COMPONENT TYPE
.5 IP
Luminaire types

CLASSIFICATION BY MOUNTING TYPE
Luminaire types

CLASSIFICATION BY LIGHT DISTRIBUTION

Luminaire types

CLASSIFICATION BY SHAPE OR FORM


Luminaire types
CLASSIFICATION BY COMPONENT TYPE

) (PARABOLIC LOUVERS
. GLARE
.
.
.2X 4, 2X 2, 1X 4

PARABOLIC LOUVERS )
BATWING, LINEAR BATWING, AND PRISMATIC
POLARIZING
BATWING LUMINAIRE

:

.

Luminaire types
IP
IPXY X
Y
Max IP = 68

) SPARK (

Choose Luminaire types

Luminears types
BALLAST
-1 -2
.

pf

POWER FACTOR
Luminaire types

Thorn
http://www.thornlighting.co.uk/gb/en/index.htm
Philips
/main/www.lighting.philips.com//:http

index.asp/www.saudilighting.com//:http
brothers 3
/http://3-brothers.com
Ducre & wever
/www.wever-ducre.com//:http
Osram
osram_com/index.html/http://www.osram.com

Nots

. 3 :

2
18 4

: 362

Design steps
Number of
luminaires
Calculate Number of Luminaires Required

Distribution of Luminaires

Number of luminaires
:
:
: N
Lux :E
:A
( ) : F
Total Flux (Lumens) from all the Lamps in one Fitting
Utilisation Factor from the Table for the Fitting to be Used : UF
Light Loss Factor. This takes account of the depreciation over time of lamp output and dirt : LIF
accumulation on the fitting and walls of the building.


: : DIALUX

EAV LUX
U0 : EMIN/EAV 1
0.5 E AV


DIAlux

11
12
/ 1.5

THANK YOU!
Your Logo
1st lecture summary

Lighting system
LUX
Standard
Choose
Lamp type
, Luminaire
Number of
luminaires
1- lux : form electrical code & dialux

2- lamp indoor : Incandescent , halogen ,,
Fluorescent, Metal halide .
3- Luminears: MOUNTING TYPE, COMPONENT
TYPE (PARABOLIC, PRISMATIC, OPAL )
4- calculate the number of luminaires by hand
calculation or dialux

Example
Hospital ground floor
1- Lux
Lighting in
CAD fire
2- photo, paper
Legend
3- select lamp.
Luminaires
4- Number of
luminaires
Legend


Lighting switch types

one way one gang switch

one way two gang switch
2
USED:
GENERAL APPLICATIONS
USED: CORRIDORS , and

similar places

Lighting switch types
:
:
) ( one way one gang
) (one way two gang
3 ) 3 ( one way three gang
) two way one gang
.
) (two way two gang
three way three gang

....
Dimmer switch
)Automatic Switch-Off Staircase Light(timer
:
) (

Circuit of stairs lighting controlled

by timer
Legend lighting switches


Wiring of lighting circuits
:
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
.10
%20 %50
1200
3*3 10
--
)
( 380
c.b earth leakage

- V.D 30

:
stroposcopic effect 3


2 nd step
Power circuits design
Lighting system
UPS system
HVAC power

Block riser
SLD
10
Spec, vender list
11


Design steps
.
.
Electrical engineer
-check Arc. Design

-- full design
Architect engineer
-proposal lighting design
Sockets type


Sockets type
IEC standard Germany

240-220 50
) (
:
Sockets type

industrial socket
. 380 ) ( industrial socket 3

Sockets location
) (
.
.
)(IP .
0.3 0.4
1.2 1.35 .
Power legend


Wiring system
3*4 mm2 16
:

.

.

.

.

HVAC
)(heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

DIFFUSER FAN COOL UNIT
FCU
MCCB

DISCONNECT
SWITCH ) AIR
HANDLING UNIT AHU ( CHILLER
F.C.U
SPLIT OR WINDOW

.

D.S DISCONNECT SWITCH



Other loads

SEWAGE PUMPS

JOKEY

Disconnect switch
) (

Water heater

Elevator

Water pump


Motor load
:
HP
1 = 0.7457
) p.f (power factor 0.7
voltage drop

/ Star/Delta = 3
= 6
2 = soft-starters
voltage drop %5
soft-starters
....
2-- 1.5 C.B

Disconnect switch
Disconnect switch:

.
:
Fusible Disconnect Switches
Non-Fusible Disconnect Switches

(UPS)Uninterruptible power supply:

: ) (
: ) ( GENERATOR , UPS
UPS )
( GENERATOR
UPS .
UPS DC AC
GENERATOR .
:
RATED : 5, 10, 15, 20, ............ KVA

3 rd step
Electrical panel
Lighting system
UPS system
HVAC power

Block riser
SLD
10
Spec, vender list
11


Step to design electrical panel
balance

3
Factors
circuit
breaker
C.B
Cable

.1
.

.
.2

.
.3
.

) ( ) ( UPS
1 =
3 =
) (

) ( balance
.1
.
Factors

Connected load :
Its the sum of continuous ratings of all the electric equipments connected to
supply system regardless they are operating or not.
Maximum demand:
Its the greatest demand of load on the distribution system during a given
period. The knowledge of maximum demand is very important as it helps in
determining the rating of supplying equipments such as (transformers,
cables,
panelsetc).
Demand factor :
Demand Factor = Maximum demand of a system / Total connected load on
the system
demand factor 0.9 =
0.5 =
1 =
Factors

CIRCUIT BREAKER

miniature circuit breakers (MCB)
covering a range between 6A and 125A under the voltage of 230/400V.
the optimum technical and economic solution in all sectors: Industrial,

public and high-tech public, domestic.
moulded case circuit breakers (MCCB)
AC 50/60Hz, rated insulation voltage and operating voltage up to

690VAC and 250VDC. The rated operating current between 3A-1600A
protection against overload, short circuit and under voltage.
earth leakage circuit breakers (ELCB)
safety device used in electrical installations with high earth impedance to
prevent shock. It detects small stray voltages on the metal enclosures of
electrical equipment, and interrupts the circuit if a dangerous voltage is
detected.
Once widely used, more recent installations instead use residual current
circuit breakers which instead detect leakage current directly.
air circuit breakers (ACB)
protect circuit from overload, under voltage, short circuit and single
phase earthing with intelligentized and selective protection function
The breaker is applicable for power stations, factories, mines (for 690V)
and modern high-buildings, especially for the distribution system of
intelligentized building.
CIRCUIT BREAKER

residual current circuit breakers (RCCB)
detect the fault current connected to earth

residual current operated circuit breaker with integral overcurrent
protection (RCBO)
RCBO is equal to MCB plus RCCB: protect electrical installations

against overload and short circuit
motor protection circuit breakers (MPCB)
AC voltage up to 690V and current up to 80A
It can be used to protect a three phase cage asynchronous motor and a
distribution line against overload, phase failure and short circuit, to
control the motor`s infrequent starting and other infrequent load
conversion. It can also serve as isolator.
The most widely used MCB, MCCB, RCCB
Rated :
10, 16, 25, 32, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100, 125, 150, 160, 175, 200, 225, 250, 320, 400, 500,
630, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600, 2000, 2500, 3200, 4000, 5000, 6300
to choose the C.B : 1- by the application , current , voltage
2- rated current *1.25 as safety factor (future load)

CABLE
-1 :
: voltage drop
: V.D
-2 :
Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables

PVC
PVC SC
PVC
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) cables

XLPE
:

Voltage drubs
SC
CABLE
Factors:

CABLE

:
neutral : cable with reduced neutral -1
Armoured cable -2
FLOOR LOAD


Electrical riser
INDIVIDUAL FLOOR
SUPPLY
:

:

:
GROUPING
SUPPLY
:

:
:

RISING
SINGLE
MAIN
:

:

:


Electrical riser

DUPLE FEED
SUPPLY
RING MAIN SUPPLY
Cable tray

. Cable tray -1

Transformer
11 400
:
dray type oil type 250, 400, 500, 630, 750, 800, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1600, 2000, 2500, 3200
KVA
Loaded : 90%

Generator

.......
) ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch

.
Trans & generator load

P.F correction

KVAR = KVA (for transformer) * P.F (used in calculation) * factor (from table to get
the desired P.F)
For example
We used 1 MVA transformer, calculate with p.f = 0.7, desired p.f = 0.9
KVAR = 1000 KVA * 0.7 * 0.536 = 375.2
Used 400 KVAR
To choose suitable cable and C.B, we calculate the current
P.F correction
S.C & V.D

1- short circuit current :
1- short circuit current :

S.C & V.D

S.C & V.D


4th step
Lighting system
UPS system
HVAC power

Block riser
SLD
10
Spec, vender list
11


systems
Fire alarm
CCTV
Sound
system
Telephone
Data
TV
Nurse call
system

Faire alarm system

Fire alarm system

:

:
detector
) (call point
) - - - (

:standard
NFPA_72


1- detectors

Detector types
) Beam Detector (
Flame detector
3
1- Smoke detectors :
Optical Smoke Detector
Ionization Smoke Detector

.
) (
...

2- Heat detector
4
Rate-of-rise heat detectors
A Fixed Temperature
) Duct Detector
(
5
) Gas Detectors (

.

) Multi Detectors ( : Combined optical and heat
) (
Detector types
1. Smoke detectors :
A.
B.
Ionization Smoke Detector:

.
Optical Smoke Detector



Choose detector type

1. application

Choose detector type

2. place height
detectors allocation




2- call point

Call point allocation
:Call point

.

30.

3- alarm

Bell

Sarnia
) (

.
Alarm

;Notes
30

Notes;


4- panel

conventional type
) (

zone
zone

) (addressable type
.
loop

loop

;Notes
FACP

) (
repeater
control module zones
isolation module short circuits

20
exit sign 30
Co2, FM200, water
CONDUIT 20MM. FIRE ALARM CABLE (2X1.5)mm2 INSIDE PVC

Closed circuit television system


main element of CCTV
camera
video matrix
digital video recorder [DVR]
monitor
control keypad
wiring system
Conventional or IP systems IP to contact with network
Camera types
pan tilt zoom [PTZ]
1
Dome shaped camera
day and night camera
is a security camera that can see

the picture during the day hours,
and during the night in total
darkness
fixed camera
2

motorizing camera
3

outdoor / indoor


Assume camera cover area with radius R = 7 m
Video matrix many cameras as input one screen display output
Multiplexer example: 16 camera input and 8 screen display output
Digital video recorder [DVR]: using hard disk to record cameras output
monitor : color or black and white
Control keypad :

cameras feed from power source 220v & 50 HZ AC (from UPS)
Using Co-axial, RG6, 4pairs UTP cat6 cable


Sound system

Sound system
main component of sound system
Microphones or any other input
Matrix / mixer
Rack
power amplifiers
attenuators
Loud speakers
wall mounted
surface mounted
recessed mounted
Speaker types
Wall mounted speaker

1
surface mounted speaker

recessed mounted speaker
6 watt , space between 2

speakers = 5-6 mt
6 watt , space between 2

speakers = 5-6 mt

Sound system
Distance between 2 speakers
d=2(H-1)B
H: height of speaker from floor
B: Coefficient
d: distance between two speakers
A: angle of loudspeaker emission

Sound system
Standard watt
6,10,20,......
power amplifier
120, 180, 240, 360, 400, 500, 640, .... Watt
Matrix
depend on number of input and output
i/p 1,2,4,8
o/p 2,4,8,16,24,36,48,64
Attenuator
used to control of sound level
rack


Telephone system

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By eng. Eman
Telephone system
main component of telephone system
EPABX - Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange
main distribution frame [MDF]
telephone junction box [TJB]
telephone outlets
cable of telephone (( cat6 , thermal cu telephone cable))

Data system

Data system
main component of data system
Data switch
Data patch panel 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 port
Data outlets
Cable of data system ( F2TP CAT6 CABLE, or other )
Lighting system
UPS system
HVAC power
Block riser
SLD

10
Spec, vender list
11


Block riser

Single line diagram

) BOQ (bill of quantity

Legend
:
Vender list
Drawing list

Estimated load
Estimated load

Estimated load


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Electrical Design Course

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Facebook page : Engfreelancer

By eng. Eman Mohamed

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Overall goals of the sessions

Your own footer

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

doing a full electrical design for building

Work as site engineer

Technical office Engineer

Electrical power circuits design

Light current systems

Fire alarm, sound, CCTV, Data,

BOQ (bill of quantity )

Spec, vender list

Drawing list - finishing

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

You got a project

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

-proposal lighting design

-check Arc. Design

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

1st step : Determine the required lux in

Choose the Lamp type according to :

Calculate Number of Luminaires Required

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

1st step : Determine the required lux in

Cheek annex Egypt standard

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Choose the Lamp type according to :

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Tungsten halogen lamp)

Efficiency : 14-22 lumen / W

Efficiency : 58-99 lumen / W

.(High pressure sodium lamp, HPS)

(High pressure mercury vapour lamp,

(Low pressure sodium lamp, SOX)

Efficiency : 100-200 lumen / W

Efficiency : 95-150 lumen / W

Efficiency : 80-120 lumen / W

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

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Choose Lamp type

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Facebook page : Engfreelancer

CLASSIFICATION BY MOUNTING TYPE

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

CLASSIFICATION BY LIGHT DISTRIBUTION

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

CLASSIFICATION BY SHAPE OR FORM

Facebook page : Engfreelancer

CLASSIFICATION BY COMPONENT TYPE

Facebook page : Engfreelancer