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    Theories of Corruption

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    g2436050
    This document outlines several theories of corruption at the micro, meso, and macro levels. The Bad Apple Theory views corruption as stemming from defective individual character and wrong values. Public Choice Theory sees corruption as a rational choice where benefits outweigh costs. Organizational Culture Theories examine how an organization's culture can lead to corruption. Clashing Moral Values Theories posit that societal values influence individual values and behavior. The document also discusses forms of corruption like political corruption, economic corruption, bribery, fraud, embezzlement, and abuse of discretion.

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    Theories of Corruption

    Uploaded by

    g2436050
    707 views5 pages
    This document outlines several theories of corruption at the micro, meso, and macro levels. The Bad Apple Theory views corruption as stemming from defective individual character and wrong values. Public Choice Theory sees corruption as a rational choice where benefits outweigh costs. Organizational Culture Theories examine how an organization's culture can lead to corruption. Clashing Moral Values Theories posit that societal values influence individual values and behavior. The document also discusses forms of corruption like political corruption, economic corruption, bribery, fraud, embezzlement, and abuse of discretion.

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    This document outlines several theories of corruption at the micro, meso, and macro levels. The Bad Apple Theory views corruption as stemming from defective individual character and wrong values. Public Choice Theory sees corruption as a rational choice where benefits outweigh costs. Organizational Culture Theories examine how an organization's culture can lead to corruption. Clashing Moral Values Theories posit that societal values influence individual values and behavior. The document also discusses forms of corruption like political corruption, economic corruption, bribery, fraud, embezzlement, and abuse of discretion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    707 views5 pages

    Theories of Corruption

    Uploaded by

    g2436050
    This document outlines several theories of corruption at the micro, meso, and macro levels. The Bad Apple Theory views corruption as stemming from defective individual character and wrong values. Public Choice Theory sees corruption as a rational choice where benefits outweigh costs. Organizational Culture Theories examine how an organization's culture can lead to corruption. Clashing Moral Values Theories posit that societal values influence individual values and behavior. The document also discusses forms of corruption like political corruption, economic corruption, bribery, fraud, embezzlement, and abuse of discretion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    9/6/2016

    Bad Apple Theory


    Micro Level
    The root of corruption is found in defective human charac

    THEORIES OF CORRUPTION

    Moral vices may lead to bad character


    Wrong values are therefore the cause of corruption
    Strong moral values are named as antidote

    Public Choice Theory


    Rational Choice

    Organizational Culture
    Theories
    Meso Level

    Individual level
    Expected Advantages over Disadvantages
    Benefits-probability*penalty>benefits of not being caught =
    be corrupt
    Causal Chain
    Individual making decision that leads to pre-determined
    outcome.

    The concern in this theory is not in the corrupt


    official, but in the contextual features that makes
    for the setting of corruption.
    Failure is in the proper machinery of the
    government not on faulty character.

    9/6/2016

    Causal Chain
    Certain culture

    mental state

    corruption

    Clashing Moral Values


    Theories
    Macro Level
    Values of the certain norms of society that directly
    influence the values and norms of individuals.

    Contagious

    Values are assumed to determine behaviour


    Loyalty to friends and family
    Reciprocity

    Alter the organizations leadership

    There is a danger that we simply describe the


    symptoms rather than identifying underlying causes.

    Code of conduct Ethical Training

    9/6/2016

    Ethos of Public
    Administration

    FORMS OF CORRUPTION
    POLITICAL CORRUPTION
    A result in gaining political power

    Macro- Societal level

    Power is used to service the private interest

    Lack of attention on integrity and focus on effectiveness of the


    official.
    Causal Path: societal pressure through level of organization
    Public awareness campaign

    Correlation Theory
    Individual, organizational or societal

    Economic corruption
    Sacrifice of the principals interest.

    income and corruption- the lower the income the higher


    the tendency of being corrupt.
    Lack of commitment to public integrity of leadership

    Economic corruption results in making profits.

    9/6/2016

    Public Administration
    Corruption
    Behaviour of public officials that neglects the
    principles of efficiency, truthfulness and
    rightfulness

    Collusion
    Subversion of the flow of information within an economic,
    societal or political unit.
    Paying bribes to officials.

    Public benefits to private benefits eg. Nepotism


    EMBEZZLEMENT AND THEFT
    Taking or conversion of money, property or other valuables for
    personal benefit.
    Taking property by someone to whom it has been entrusted

    Bribery

    Fraud

    Lucrative profits and the giving of some form of


    benefit to unduly influence some action or
    decision.

    Misleading information to induce someone to turn over the


    property voluntarily.

    Incentives for over-regulation and over


    bureaucratisation of procedures.

    Sales-buy relationships between public and private sector.


    EXTORTION
    Coercive incentives such as the use of threat, violence or the
    exposure or damaging information in order to induce
    cooperation.

    9/6/2016

    Abuse of Discretion
    Abuses and corrupt government agency practices for private
    gain without external inducement or extortion.
    FAVORITISM, GIFT-GIVING, NEPOTISM, CLIENTILISM AND
    PATRONAGE

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