Regionalism

1a consciousness of and loyalty to a distinct region with a homogeneous population

b: development of a political or social system based on one or more such areas
2:emphasis on regional locale and characteristics in art or literature
3: a characteristic feature (as of speech) of geographic area
Economic regionalism institutional arrangements designed to fasilitate the free low of goods
and services and to coordinate foreign economic policies between countries in the same
geographic region.
Globalism
An image of politics different from realism and pluralism . Globalism focuses on the importance
of economy,especially capitalist relations of domiance or exploitation to understanding world
politics.
The globalist image is influenced by Marxist analyses of exploitative relations,
although not all globalists are Marxists. Dependence theory, whether understood in Marxist or
non-Marxist terms, is categorized here as part of globalist image.
Also included is the view that international relations are best understood if one sees them as
occurring within a world-capitalist system.
Globalism = the view that the world market eliminates or replaces political action. Globalism
implies that a complex structure can be run in the way that a company is run.
Globalism -------- structuralism (the system isn't Anarchial)-----the system is orginized partly
because there are dependency and subordination relations.
Structuralism includes:
1)World System theory
2)Dependency theory
3)Underdevelopment theories
Dependency Theory
Dependency can be defined as an explanation of the economic development of a state in terms of
the external influences-political, economic and cultural on national development policies
2-Level hierarchy: Core & Periphery areas
(Dependency is)an historical condition which shapes a certain structure of the world economy
such that it favors some countries to the detriment of others and limits the development
possibilities of the subordinate economicsa situation in which the economy of a certain group
of countries is conditioned by the development and expansion of another economy, to which
their own is subjected
Dependency Theory
Common features of Dependency theory
2 sets of states described as dominant/dependent,center/periphery or
metropolitan/satellite
the source of the Third World's problem is capitalism
The external forces are of singular importance to the economic activities within the
dependent states
The relations between dominant and dependent states are dynamic
The possibilities for development in periphery countries
World-Systems Theory
Immanuel Wallerstein

The Modern World System= a world-economy

..a world system is a social system, one that has boundaries, structures, member groups, rules of
legitimating, and coherence. Its life is made up of the conflicting forces which hold it together by
tension and tear it apart as each group seeks eternally to remold it to its advantage. It has the
characteristics of an organism, in that is has a life-span over which its characteris change in some
respects and remain stable in others
Life within it is largely self-contained , and the dynamics of its development are largely internal
EVOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM
State Sovereignty a states characteristic being politically independent of all other states.
Hegemony power and control exercised by leading state over other states.
Balance of power a doctrine and an arrangement whereby the power of one state (or group of
states) is checked by the countervailing power of other states.
International order a shared value and condition of stability and predictability in the relations
of states.
5 Evolutionary Periods:
1. The Classical Period 1648 1815
2. The Post Classical Period 1815 1914
3. Transitional Period 1914 1945
4. The Cold War Period 1945 1989
5. The Contemporary Period 1989 ()
The peace treaties of Westphalia 1648
The key principles:
1. The world consists of, and is divided into, sovereign territorial statesthat recognize no
superior authority.
2. The process of law-making, the settlement of disputes and law enforcement are largely in
the hands of individual states.
3. International law is oriented to thee establishment of minimal rues of coexistence.
The central principles of the Westphalia order:
Territoriality: Humankind is organized principally into exclusive territorial (political)
communities with fixed borders.
Sovereignly: Within borders the state or government are entitled to supreme, unqualified and
exclusive political and legal authority.
Autonomy: The principle of self-determination or self-governance constructs countries as
autonomous container of political, social and economic activity in that fixed borders separate the
domestic sphere from the world outside.
Legality.
3 Rules of Westphalian International Society:
1) The King is emperor in his own realm
2) The ruler determines the religion of his realm
3) The balance of power

The French system of diplomacy

The distinctive features:
- The art of negotiation
- The raison dEtat
- Professionalization
French Revolution 1789:
Reasons:
- Political: inequality of the estates, medieval institutions, European crisis of old political order.
- Economic: poor tax system, debts and budget deficit, crop failures.
- Social: a new social elite with low social status the bourgeoisie.
- Enlightment ideas
French Constitution 1791.
Constitutional monarchy
Separation of power
Indirect election to the Legislative Assembly
Active citizen
Limited power of monarch
Centralism in administrative system
French Revolution and International Relations:
A challenge the legitimacy of dynastic and monarchical regimes
Undermined all treaties between old France and other regime
A source of other liberal revolutions
Criticism the existing patterns of international relations
The CONGRESS OF VIENNA
START: September 1814
The Final Act: 9 June 1815
The Fundamental Principles:
o Balance of power
o Legitimacy
o Compensation
THE AIMS:
o To reestablish a balance of power in Europe
o To reduce France to its old boundaries
o To secure the peace in Europe
o To restore the royal authorities
GENERAL RESULTS of the Congress of Vienna:
1) Concert of Europe group of leading nations which periodically met to discuss issues
regarding stability
2) Temporary suppression of democratic and nationalistic ideas
3) The containment of revolution
4) Long international peace
5) Re-establishment of the ancient regime
6) The Holy Alliance

The Congress of Vienna and diplomacy:

1. A manifestation of Richelieus continuous negotiations
2. The consolidation of the French system of diplomacy
3. The regulation of specific diplomatic rules and practices
4. Formal diplomatic ranks
5. The consolidation of the network of diplomatic representation between European
Countries
6. Democratization of diplomacy service
The Post Classical Period 1815 1914
o Transformation of decisions of Congress of Vienna
o Weakening of the Ottoman Empire
o Rising tide of nationalism
o New image of Europe
o New Balance of Power in Europe
3/ Transitional Period 1914 1945
4/ The Cold War Period 1945 1989
5/ The Contemporary Period 1989 ()

3 New World Order

Order a stable and predictable pattern of behavior associated in particular with personal
security and public safety.
International order a shared value and condition of stability and predictability in the relations
of states.
A system controlling events in the world, especially a set of arrangements established
internationally for preserving global political stability.
So the structure of an international order refers to the distribution of power among states.
THE NEW WORLD ORDER a political situation in which the countries of the world are
no longer divided because of their either the US or the Soviet Union and instead work
together to solve international problems.
A term which is used to describe any period of history evidencing a dramatic change in the
world political thought and balance of power.
5 EVOLUTIONARY PERIODS > system/order
1)The Classical Period 1648-1815 the Westphalian System
2)The Post Classical Period 1815-1914 The Vienna System
3) Transitional Period 1914 1945 The Versailles Order
4) The Cold War Period 1945-1989 The Yalta-Postdam Order
5) The Contemporary Period 1989 - - The New World Order
SOME REASONS OF BREAKDOWN OF THE WESTPALIAN SYSTEM
The idea of national self-determination
Problem with term nation
Problem with term state
NGOs, MNC, international organizations
New expectations of the state
Many serious threats beyond the control of nation-state

Acceleration of technological, communication development

THE CENTRAL PRINCIPLES OF THE WESTPHALIAN ORDER

Territoriality
Humankind is organized principally into exclusive territorial (political) communities with fixed
borders
Sovereignty
Within borders the state of government entitled to supreme, unqualified and exclusive political
and legal authority
Autonomy
The principle of self-determination or self-governance constructs countries as autonomous
container of political, social and economic activity in that fixed borders separate the domestic
sphere from the world outside
Legality
Washington Consensus
A policy package that sought to reduce intervention in the market through measures of
deregulation, privatization and fiscal constraint. A neo-liberal development policies that are
based on the assumption that global economic integration through free trade is the most effective
route to promote growth, and the benefits of growth will trickle down throughout society.
Washington Con: fiscal discipline; public expenditure priorities; tax reform; financial
liberalization; competitive exchange rates; trade liberalization; increasing foreign direct
investment(FDI); privatization; deregulation; secure intellectual property rights (IPR). \ 2 major
stages of intervention of Washing Con: the macroeconomic stability and structural adjustment
programs; improving institutions, reducing corruption or dealing with infrastructure
inefficiency.DR-CAFTA- Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement. NAFTA
(North American Free Trade Agreement)
Regionalism is a formal process of intergovernmental collaboration between 2 or more states.It
is a theory/practice of social economic or political activities within ageographical region
comprising a number of states.
Regionalism refers to 3 elements:
->Movements demanding teritorial autonomy within unitary states
->Organization of the central state on regional basis for the delivery for its policies including
regional development policies
->Political decentralization and regional autonomy
Regionalism-a top down process controlled by governments
Regionalization The growth of economic interdependence within a given geographical area
Regionalization-unplanned and undirected bottom up process involving private political
economic and civil actors.
Euro regions a transnational cooperation structure ussually without political power between
contigous territories located in different european countries.
IR Regionalism- particular identity within geographical region
Political Regionalism-Political ideology that focuses on the interest of a particular region
Economic Regionalism-institutionals arrangements designed to facilitate fre flow of goods to
coordinate the foreign economic policies between countries in the same geographical area
2 Waves of regionalism
-Traditional-1940-1970-Pragmatism & Idealism
-New regionalism-from 1980s-domination of global economy
Integration-Unification and creation 2 or more units into 1 entity Integration-interdependence
Stages of evolution
1 phase of explenation-1960-1970

2 phase of analysis-1980s
3 phase of constructivism1990s
Functionalism-states that a political comunity is a sum of functions performed by members
Traditional regionalism goals
to maximize national production
Principle of social solidarity and welfare of state
support for the state in under developed ordeclining areas
3 reasons of failure of Traditional regionalism
permanent contradiction between sovereignity and interaction
the social economic transformation of the world
problem of identity
New regionalism- a broad, open-ended framework for analysing regionalisation in a multilevel
and comparative perspective.
non theorized,more pragmatic

6 tema jesze v procese;)

VII
European Continent
European Union (EU), Council of Europe (COE), Organisation for Security and Co-operation in
Europe (OSCE), The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
EU:
I enlargement 1973: GB, Ireland, Denmark
II enlargement 1981: Greece
III enlargement 1986: Spain Portugal
IV enlargement 1995: Austria, Finland, Sweden
V enlargement 2004: Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Malta, Czech Republic, Slovakia,
Hungary, Slovenia, Cyprus
VI enlargement 2007: Bulgaria and Romania
VII enlargement 2013: Croatia (1 July 2013)
The Copenhagen criteria (1993)
1) political: stable institutions guaranteeing democracy, the rule of law, human rights and respect
for the protection of minorities;
2) economic: a functioning market economy and the capacity to cope with competition and
market forces in the EU;
3) the ability to take on the obligations of membership, including adherence to the aims of
political, economic and monetary union.
Treaty of Maastricht 1 November 1993; The EEC - >the European Union (EU)
The Union is founded on the values of respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality,
the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to
minorities. These values are common to the Member States Article 2, Treaty on European
Union
A Europe of Rights and Values, Freedom, Solidarity and Security:

Democracy: democratic values are at the core of the Union. These values aim to serve as a
reference point for European citizens to demonstrate what Europe has to offer its partners
worldwide
Citizens Rights & Human Rights: this concerns civil, political, economic and social rights. The
treaty of Lisbon preserves existing right while introducing new ones. In particular it guarantees
the freedoms and principles set out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights.
EU Solidarity: the Union and its Member States act jointly in a spirit of solidarity if a country is
the subject of a terrorist attack or man-made disaster. Solidarity in the area of energy is also
important.
Security: the EU aims to provide increased security for all. Provisions in the Treaty of Lisbon on
civil protection, humanitarian aid and public health also aim at boosting the Unions ability to
respond to threats to the security of European citizens.
Freedoms of EU Citizens:the EU guarantees the free movement of people goods, capital and
services. The Treaty of Lisbon preserves and reinforces these four freedoms and the political,
economic and social freedom of European citizens.
United in Diversity the motto of the European Union
European Union: Three Pillars
1. European Community
- Treaty of Rome reviewed
by Single European Act
- Single Market
- Democratization of the
Institutions
- European Citizenship
- Economic and Monetary
Union - single currency,
European Central Bank,
single monetary policy,

coordination of economic
policies
2. Common Foreign &
Security Policy
- Common Foreign Policy
systematic cooperation,
common positions and
joint actions
- Eventual common
defense policy based on
the Western European
Union

3. Justice & Home Affairs

- Closer cooperation
asylum policy, rules of
crossing the Member
States external borders,
immigration policy,
combating drug addiction,
combating international
fraud, customs, police and
judicial cooperation

AMENDMENTS MADE TO THE TREATY of MAASTRICHT

- Treaty of Amsterdam (1997)
-

Treaty of Nice (2001)

Treaty of Lisbon (2007)

Lisbon Treaty (2007). Objectives of the EUs external policy

1. The Union's action on the international scene shall be guided by the principles that have
inspired its own creation, development and enlargement, and which it seeks to advance in the
wider world:
-democracy,
-the rule of law,
-the universality and indivisibility of human rights and fundamental freedoms,
-respect for human dignity,
-the principles of equality and solidarity, and respect for the principles of the United Nations
Charter and international law.
The Union shall seek to develop relations and build partnerships with third countries, and
international, regional or global organizations which share the principles referred to in the
first subparagraph. It shall promote multilateral solutions to common problems, in particular
in the framework of the United Nations.
European Diplomatic Programme
3 main goals:
- help European diplomats create networks that foster a European identity in foreign
policy;
-

raise awareness among national diplomats with regard to the specifically European
dimension of diplomacy

provide a teaching environment whose framework transcends the strictly national

EDP Themes:
Western Balkans (2001-2002)
The Enlargement (2002-2003)
Western Europe-European Neighborhood Policy (2003-2004)
European Security Strategy (2004-2005)
EU-Transatlantic relations (2005-2006)
EUs relations to China and India (2006-2007)
Population flows development and security in Africa: challenges for and responses by the
EU (2007-2008)
Neighborhood policy and energy challenge two priority issues for the EU (2008-2009)
EU-Transatlantic relations (2009-2010)
New systematic challenges for the EU: external action coherence (2010-2011)
Europe and its neighbors (2011-2012)
The European Union and the Strategic Partnerships (2012-2013)
Emerging challenges and global issues in current diplomacy (2013-2014)
Emerging challenges and global issues in current diplomacy (2014-2015)
Emerging challenges and global issues in current diplomacy (2015-2016)

The Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) 1975

57 countries: Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg. Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia,
Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, San
Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, the former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States,
Uzbekistan.
The Automotive Products Trade Agreement (Jan/1965, abolished in 2001)
Canada USA
Goals of APTA:
to consolidate both markets into 1 automotive market increasing benefits of
specialization and large scale auto production

to reduce production costs in Canada

remove trade tariffs on passenger cars, trucks, tires, automotive parts

to lower vehicle prices for consumers

eliminate Canadian car trade deficit with the USA

(Canada US Free Trade Agreement) CUSFTA 1988 (effective from 1 Jan. 1989, the
end: 1 Jan. with entry into force of the NAFTA)
Provisions:
the elimination of tariffs

the reduction of many non-tariff barriers

the first trade agreement to address trade in services

a controversy settlement mechanism for the fair and fast resolution of trade disputes.

promote trade liberalization

improve climate for bilateral investment

resolve bilateral problems in the auto trade

create new rules to govern trade in services and liberalize the financial services market

create a better framework for the conduct of bilateral investment and trade relations

promote multilateral cooperation on trade and investment issues in the GATT.

NAFTA (North America Free Trade Agreement) USA-Canada-Mexico (17 Dec. 1992
effective from 1 Jan. 1994)

Goals:
to reduce barriers to trade

to increase cooperation for improving working conditions in North America

to create an expanded and safe market for goods and services produced in North
America

to establish clear and mutually advantageous trade rules

to help develop and expand world trade and provide a catalyst to broader
international cooperation.

Article 102 NAFTA Agreement :

eliminate barriers to trade in, and facilitate the cross-border movement of, goods
and services between the territories of the Parties;

promote conditions of fair competition in the free trade area;

increase substantially investment opportunities in the territories of the Parties;

provide adequate and effective protection and enforcement of intellectual property

rights in each Partys territory;

create effective procedure for the implementation and application of this

Agreement, for its joint administration and for the resolution of disputes; and

establish a framework for the further trilateral, regional and multilateral

cooperation expand and enhance the benefits of this Agreement.

Top 3 manufacturing sectors by sales in Canada 2014:

Transportation equipment $112.6 billion

Food processing $107.1 billion

Petroleum and coal products $83.1 billion

Top 5 Canadian manufacturing export markets:

US / China / Japan / UK / Mexico
9) LATIN AMERICA
1) LAES (Latin American Economic System) 1975
all South America and Carribean countries
Goals:
- economic cooperation and development,
- Integration,
- represent regional interests
2) LAFTA (Latin American Free Trade Association) 1960
Arg, Brs, Chile, Mex, Parag, Peru, Urug + Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia

3) ALADI (AsociacionLatinoamericana de Integracion) - 1980

LAIA (the Latin American Integration Association) , Arg, Boliv, Br, Chile, Colom,
Cuba, Ecuad, Mexico, Pan, Parag, Peru, Urug, Venezuela
Goals:
-provide prefential tariffs to each other
- balances socioeconomic development
- promotion and regulation of reciprocal trade
- creation Latin American common market
LATIN AMERICA in 1980s debt crises, democratic restorations

The common goals of transformed Latin American states:

- Restore trustworthy with the rest of the world
- Sustain domestic democratic transitions
- Refinanced the debt accumulated by prior military leaders
Failure of the Consensus of Cartagena of 1984
The Brasil-Argentina Integration treaty 1986

Treaty for Integration, Cooperation and Development 1988

Aims:
-to establish common market within 10 years
-consolidate both countries integration within Latin America integration
MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market) Intergovern. org, no supranational authority
1991 Arg, Br, Parag, Urug
2012 Venez.
Treaty of Asuncion 26 March, 1991
MERCOSURs GDP 3.18 bln.
- Common market
- Free movement of goods, services, production
- Common external tariff and trade policy
- Co-ordination of macroeconomic and sectoral policies
- Harmonization the member states policies in common areas
MERCOSUR organs:
The Common Market COunsil (CMC)
The Common Market Group (MCG)
The MERCOSUR Trade Commision (MTC)
The Joint Parliamentary Commision (JPC)
The Economic and Social Consultative Forum (ESCF)
The MERCUSAR Administrative Secretariat (MAS)
The Andean Community of Nation (CAN) 1969
Col, Ecuad, Peru, Bolivia
- Promote balanced and harmonious development
- Establish Andean market

Effective economic development to region

Latin Americas Pacific Alliance (The Lima Declaration 2011)

Chile, Col, Mex, Peru
Goals:
-Build an area of deep economic integration
- free circulation of goods, services, capital
- economic development, regional competitevnes, social welfare
- platform for trade integration with the rest world
ASIA AND PACIFIC
700 islands of the Caribbean
West India multi-lingual, multi-cultural society
Caribbean Committee and Common Market
CARICOM Caribbean Community
Established in 1973
Prior Caribbean Community and Common Market
15 member states:
Barbados, Jamaica, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Belize,
Dominican, Haiti, Grenada, Montserrat, St. Lucia, Suriname, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Vincent
and the Grenadines
Associated States: Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Turks and
Caicos Islands
Observers: Aruba, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Mexico, Netherland Antilles, Puerto
Rico, Venezuela
CARICOM
(Caribbean Community)
CARICOM headquarter in Georgetown, Guyana
CARICOM 4 main pillars
Economic integration
Foreign policy cooperation
Human and society development
Security
Goals:
To improve standards of living and work
Full employment of labor
Accelerate, coordinate and sustain economic development and convergence
Expansion of trade and economic relations with 3-d states
Enhance levels of international competitiveness
Organization for increased production and productivity
Achievement of a greater measure of economic leverage
Conclusion: acceleration of economic growth and better cooperation between member states

CARICOM Structure
Heads of Government CARIFORUM
Council of Ministers
o COFAP

o COTED
SC
CROSQ
CCREEE
o COFCOR
o COHSOD
The Association of Caribbean States (ACS, 24th July, 1994)
The Constitutive Agreement of the Association of Caribbean States
Members: Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and
Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.
Associated Members: Aruba, France (on behalf of French Guyana, Guadeloupe and
Martinique) and the Netherlands Antilles.
Goal: Promoting the sustainable development of the Great Caribbean
Focus on: trade, transport, sustainable development of the Greater Caribbean
Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS, 18th June 1981)
The Treaty of Basseterre, revision 2010
Members: Antigua and Barbuda, Commonwealth of Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, St. Kitts
and Nevis, St. Lucia and St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
Associated members: Anguilla and British Virgin Islands
General aim: the sustainable development of OECS Member States
Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)
GOALS:
To promote cooperation among the Members at the regional and international level;
To promote unity and solidarity among the member states and to defend their
sovereignty, territorial integrity and independence;
Assistance in the realization of international obligations and responsibilities with due
regard to the role of international law as a standard of conduct in their relationships;
To seek to the fullest possible level of harmonization of foreign policy among the
Member States, to see to adopt as far as possible, common positions on international
issues and to establish and to maintain wherever possible, arrangements for joint
overseas representation and/or common services;
To promote economic integration among the members;
To pursue these purposes through its respective institutions by discussion of questions
of common concern and by agreement and common action.
CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME), July, 2006
8 protocols with amendments (competition, transport, agriculture, policy, customer
production)

Main goals of the CSME

To harmonize economic policy
To create a single market and currency

Full use of labor

Full exploitation of the other factors of production
Competitive production leading to greater variety
Quality and quantity of goods and services

2006 12 member states

20 members of CARICOM, but 5 with not full rights
October 2007, the first Congress on environment and climate change
2013 regional strategy on AID was announced
Heads of Govern CARIFORUM
12 areas of functioning: youth, sport, labor, drugs, gender equality, communication, education,
health, culture, security, sustainable development
ACS Association of Caribbean States
OEC Organization of Eastern Caribbean States
The Treaty of Bassetere, 18th June 1981, revision 2010
Members: Antigua and Barbuda, Commonwealth of Dominica, Grenada, Monserrat, St. Kitts
and Nevis, St. Lucia and St. Vincent and the Grenadines
Associate members: Anguilla and British Virgin Islands
General aim: sustainable economic development of OECS
Goals:
To promote cooperation among members
To promote unity and solidarity among member states and to defend their sovereignty
The Association of South East Asia Nations (ASEAN), 1967
5 founding countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, The Philippines, Singapore
Brunei 1984, Vietnam 1995, Laos and Burma 1997, Cambodia 1999
Goal: to promote political and economic cooperation and regional stability
Aim: to create common market and production within Asian states
Motto: peace and cooperation among member states
1992 Asian free trade areas started to be realized
1995 15 years of implementation were reduced to10 years during summit in Bangkok
1997 1998 financial crisis in Asia institutions changes
The ASEAN Charter (Nov.20, 2007, effective Dec.15, 2008)
One Vision, One Identity, One Community
Independence, sovereignty, equality
Respect of territorial integrity and cultural heritage of all ASEAN states
Collective responsibility for regional peace, security and prosperity
Peaceful solving of the disputes
Non-aggression rules
Respect fundamental freedom, democracy, human rights
Respect of different cultures, languages and religions within ASEAN area
The centrality of ASEAN in the external policy, economic, social and cultural relations

Adherence to multilateral trade rules and ASEANs rules based regimes for effective
implementation of decisions leading to regional economic integration and a marketdriven economy.

The ASEAN Goals:

Enhance and maintain peace, stability and security
Promotion greater political, security, economic and socio-cultural cooperation I the region
Preserve Southeast Asia as a NWFZ and free of all other weapons of mass destruction
Ensure their citizens peaceful in democratic environment
Alleviate poverty and narrow the development gap within ASEAN
Strengthen democracy, good governance, protection of human rights, the rule of law,
fundamental freedoms
Respond effectively to all sorts of threats
Promote sustainable development, ensure protection of the regions environment, natural
resources, cultural heritage
Develop human resources through closer cooperation in education, life-long learning, and in
science and technology
Provide equitable access to opportunities for human development, social welfare and justice
Strengthen in cooperation in building safer, secure and drug-free environment for the people
of ASEAN
Promote a people oriented ASEAN in which all sectors of the society are encouraged to
participate in and benefit from the process of ASEAN community building
Promote ASEAN identity through the fostering of greater awareness of the diverse culture and
heritage of the region
Maintain the centrality and proactive role of ASEAN as the primary driving force in its
relations and cooperation with its external partners in the regional architecture that is open,
transparent and inclusive;
The ASEAN CHARTER, 20 Nov, 2007, effective 15 Dec. 2008
One Vision, One Identity, One Community
3 pillars of ASEAN
Political security community
Economic community
Socio-cultural community
ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), 1992
Meets twice a year
ASEAN Summit is the most important body
ASEAN Coordinating Council
ASEAN Community
ASEAN Political-Security Community
ASEAM Ministerial Meeting (AMM)
ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF)
Defense
Law
Transnational Crime
ASEAN Economic Community

 ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM)

ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA)
Energy
Agriculture, Food and Forestry
Finance
Investment
Minerals
Mekong Basin Development Cooperation
Transport
Telecommunication and IT
Sectoral Bodies Under the Preview of ASEAN Economic Ministers
ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community
Culture and Arts
Disasters Management
Education
Environment
Haze
Health
Information
Labor
Rural Development and Poverty Eradication
Science and Technology
Social Welfare and Development
Women
Youth

APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, 1989

To strengthen regional economic integration
To facilitate economic growth and prosperity in the region
To support multilateral trade negotiations underway in the WTO and complements the
goals of the G-20 Framework
To promote free trade and investment

APEC CEO Summit business forum, every year

21 member state
Integration in Asia
Close cooperation through trade agreements
XIII
East Europe & Middle East & China
The reasons of regional cooperation after the dissolution of the Soviet Union
- Strong post-soviet dependencies and common complementary economic infrastructure
-

Security

Support Russian economic influence in Central Asia

Possibility to influence on internal and foreign policy of new states

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 8 Dec. 1991

The Creation Agreement 1991
The CIS Chapter 1993
Belarus Russia Ukraine
Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan,
Uzbekistan
Georgia (1993)
GOALS:
- Common foreign policy
-

..eation and development the common economic area, common market and
cooperation the field of custom policy

Development of common communication and transport system

Cooperation in the field of common policy of environmental protection

Common migrant policy

Fighting with organized cross-border crime

Support cooperation on democratization

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 8 Dec. 1991

The Structure of CIS
The Charter Bodies of the CIS:
- The Council of the Heads of States,
-

The Council of the Heads of Governments,

The Council of Foreign Ministers,

The Council of Defense Ministers,

The Council of Commanders-in-Chief of Frontier Troops,

The Inter Parliamentary Assembly,

The Economic Court

The Economic Council,

The Council of Permanent Plenipotentiary Representatives of the States-Participants

of the Commonwealth under Charter and Other Bodies of the Commonwealth,

The Executive Committee

The Executive Bodies of the CIS:

The CIS Free-Trade Zone Treaty 1994

The CIS Customs Union - 1996

(Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russian Federation, Tajikistan)

Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC)
October 2000
Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan
- Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine the status of the observer under EAEC
-

Uzbekistan 2005

GOALS:
- Form common external customs borders,
-

To develop common external economic policy, tariffs, prices etc.,

Common Economic Space (CES)

2003
Belarus, the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan
The main elements of CES
1. The development of a common economic policy
2. Freedom of movement for capital and a common monetary policy
3. Energy, transport and communications
4. Freedom of movement for the work force
5. The unification of technical standards
Eurasian Economic Union
Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia
175,7 million people over 20 million so. Km 15% of the worlds dry land Signed in May 2014
effective since 1th January 2015
Resources by share of global production (%)
Gas 20,4% Oil 14,4% Electric power 11,2% Mineral 10,8 % Coal 5,8% Iron 4,5%
Steel 4,5% Machinery 3,7% 2,7 trillion GDP