National Solid Waste Management Status Report 2008 To 2014
National Solid Waste Management Status Report 2008 To 2014
National Solid Waste Management Status Report 2008 To 2014
National
Solid Waste
Management
Status Report
(2008 2014)
December 2015
Preface
The Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources is mandated to prepare
environmental status reports. The latest report focuses on the brown
environment in which certain core issues such as the status and
management of air and water quality and the assessment and
management of solid wastes, toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes in the
country are discussed. Other
major concerns include Environmental
Impact
Assessment,
multilateral
environmental
agreements,
environmental education, pollution adjudication, among others.
The EMB-DENR is preparing the National State of the Brown Environment
report (NSoBER) covering the last seven years: 2008-2014. During these
years, sectoral reports had been written on air quality, water quality and
solid waste; and other environmental concerns and issues. However,
these had not been consolidated and integrated into a single, national
report. The Environmental Education and Information Division (EEID) of
the EMB-DENR, with the concerned sectoral offices of the EMB have
continued the process of collecting, archiving, sorting and organizing them
for retrieval and use in report preparation.
The preparation of the NSoBER is a vital function for EMB-DENR.
Nevertheless, the cross-cutting and multi-dimensional nature of the
environment necessitates a great deal of coordination with other
government agencies, academe, civil society and the private sector.
The NSoBER 2008-2014 covers areas of concern, as follows:
Areas of Concern:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
Air Quality
Water Quality
Solid Wastes
Toxic Chemicals and Hazardous Wastes
Environmental Impact Assessment
Compliance to Multilateral Environmental Agreements
Environmental Education
Environmental Administration
- Pollution Adjudication
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1.
2.
3.
1.2
1.3
Waste projection
3.2
Segregation at source
3.3
Segregated collection
3.4
3.5
Disposal
3.5.1 Open and controlled dumpsites
3.5.2 Sanitary landfills
- Clustered landfills
3.6
4.
Institutional arrangements
4.2.1 National and regional levels
4.2.2 Local government level
5.
Other issues
5.1
5.2
5.2
6.
7.
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SOLID WASTES
1.
1.1
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Figure 1.
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Table 1.
Scope / Coverage
some
cities N/A
Range
Weighted
Average
kg/capita/day
0.55 0.79
0.69
0.53 0.79
0.69
0.29 0.64
0.50
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Scope / Coverage
Range
Weighted
Average
kg/capita/day
NCR/HUCs)
PHILIPPINES
(Nationwide)
79%
0.10 0.79
0.40
0.10 0.71
0.34
0.10 0.64
0.31
1.3
Waste Projection
Based on the per capita rate of 0.40 and annual projected population, the
amount of waste generated yearly in the entire Philippines and Metro
Manila in terms of tonnage can be seen in Figure 3.
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Figure 3.
The figure shows that the yearly amount of waste in the country is
expected to increase from 13.48 million tons in 2010 to 14.66 million tons
in 2014 to 16.63 million tons in 2020. On the other hand, Metro Manilas
waste generation continues to increase as it contributes 22.2%, 24.5%
and 26.7% to the countrys solid waste in the years 2010, 2014 and 2020,
respectively.
The disease pathway associated with the poor handling of solid waste
becomes manifest usually through direct exposure of humans and the
pollution of surface water and groundwater due to leachate from open
dumps. The World Health Organization and the World Bank estimate that
approximately 88% of diarrhea cases worldwide can be attributed to poor
water quality, sanitation, and hygiene. (See Table 2). In the same
manner, poor water quality, sanitation, and hygiene cause 100% of
cholera cases, 100% of helminthiasis cases, 50% of hepatitis cases, and
50% of typhoid and paratyphoid fever cases.
Attributable Fraction
88%
100%
50%
100%
50%
Source
WHO
WHO
WB
Widely accepted
WB
Page | 10
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There are now various initiatives towards waste reduction such as green
procurement.
eco-labeling,
identification
of
non-environmentally
acceptable products and implementation of 3Rs.
Executive Order (EO) No. 301 was issued in 2004 establishing a Green
Procurement Program (GPP) for the executive branch of government.
The EO also provides for a systematic and comprehensive National EcoLabeling Program (NELP) necessary to support a green procurement
policy in both government and the general public. The GPP is an approach
to procurement in which environmental impacts are taken into account in
purchasing decisions.
Environmentally responsible initiatives include
switch to electronic submission of purchase requests, reduction of
materials and energy usage, greening the supply chain and patronage of
eco-labeled products.
The NSWMC is mandated under RA 9003 to prepare and update a list of
non-environmentally acceptable products (NEAP) to be prohibited
according to a schedule and as long as NEAP alternatives cost no more
than 10% of the cost of disposable products. However, no product has
yet been determined as non-environmentally acceptable (NEA). Through
NSWMC Resolution 9, a Technical Working Committee (TWC) was created
to work on the phasing out of NEA products and packaging materials. The
TWC has established four product categories that will be subjected for
evaluation, namely: plastics, construction materials, baby products and
electronics.
The NSWMC TWC through the Industrial Technology and Development
Institute of the Department of Science and Technology (ITDI-DOST)
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Segregation at Source
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Segregated Collection
Collection is the act of removing solid waste from the source or from a
communal storage point. It is regarded as potentially the most expensive
of the functional elements of SWM.
RA 9003 requires segregated collection by the LGUs. Waste segregation
and collection are to be conducted at the barangay level specifically for
biodegradable and recyclable wastes while disposal and collection of nonrecyclable/residual and special wastes are the responsibility of the city or
municipality.
Waste collection techniques include 1) door-to door where waste
materials are collected in every house within a target area to recover
recyclables to be sold to junkshops and biodegradables either for use as
animal feeds or for composting and 2) block or communal which utilizes
MRFs in barangays that are within or near the targeted collection area.
Solid waste collection in the country has environmental, social, economic
and political implications. For example, people have the tendency to link
uncollected garbage and dirty surroundings to the performance of local
officials. Collection is usually done by an LGU department such as the
General Services Office, Engineering Office, Environment and Sanitation
Office or the Department of Public Services. Many LGUs also outsource
waste collection to private contractors.
There is a growing number of cities and municipalities that are
implementing no segregation, no collection policies leading to more
responsible attitudes and behavior towards the environment and greater
efficiency in the delivery of SWM services. However, many LGUs still
practice mixed waste collection a backward step that produces the
opposite effect.
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3.4
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The NSWMC has reported the number of MRFs for the years 2008 to 2014.
Table 3 shows the number of MRFs and the number of barangays served
by MRFs during those years. From the table, it can be observed that
there was a huge increase in the number of barangays served from 2,701
in 2008 to 10,327 in 2014.
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2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2,438
6,141
6,958
7,329
7,713
8,486
8,656
2,701
6,744
7,938
8,323
8,843
9,624
10,327
Source: NSWMC
Figure 9 also shows the number of MRFs per region from 2008 to 2014.
Data show that Region XI had the most number of MRFs (1,246) in 2014.
Region I had 1009 MRFs while NCR and Region VIII had 943 and 882
MRFs, respectively. Aside from ARMM with only 19 reported MRFs, lower
numbers of MRFs are posted in Regions IV-B, XII and CAR with only less
than 200 MRFs each.
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3.4.2 Composting
Under RA 9003, composting is regarded as a means to meet the
mandatory waste diversion requirements.
It is the biological
decomposition
of
biodegradable
solid
waste
under
controlled
predominantly aerobic conditions to a state that is sufficiently stable for
nuisance-free storage and handling and is satisfactorily matured for safe
use in agriculture. It can either be a component of an MRF or established
as a standalone processing facility. The law also provides for an inventory
of markets for compost and guidelines for compost quality.
Typical small-scale composting in the Philippines is done in compost pits,
tire towers, coconut shell stack, bottomless bins, clay pots and plastic
sacks. Meanwhile, large-scale composting is done in windrows (by turning,
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passive aeration, active aeration and static piles), in-vessel (e.g., agitated
beds, composting silos and rotating drum bioreactors), and through
vermi- or worm composting.
The different types of composting techniques used by LGUs, national
government agencies, private farms and cooperatives in the Philippines
are shown in Figures 10-13. It is estimated that composting could
reduce the weight of organic waste by 50% or more and vermicomposting
by 70-80%, the latter capable of turning biodegradables into a highquality vermicompost product.
Figure 10. Tire composters at the city hall compounds of Tacloban (L) and San Carlos, Negros
Occidental (C), and in Dumaguete City, Oriental Negros
Figure 11. Rotating drum composters at Barangay Sun Valley, Paraaque City (L), in the
Heritage City of Vigan, Ilocos Sur (C) and in Santiago City, Isabela (R)
Figure 12. Vermicomposting facilities at EMB-RO 8 in Palo, Leyte (L), Buro-buro Springs Farm
in Talisay City, Negros Occidental (C) and at the Ormoc City Eco-Center, Leyte (R)
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Figure 13. Other techniques such as the coconut shell stack and can composting in Barangay
Olaycon, Monkayo, Compostela Valley (L), Bokashi composting at Buro-buro Springs Farm (C)
and Takakura composting in Bago City, Negros Occidental (R)
3.4.3 Recycling
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Primary Collector
Metro
Manila
Metro
Cebu
Southern
Mindanao
Paper
Street Collectors
3.18
3.59
2.45
Collection Workers
21.83
1.81
0.62
Site 22.01
8.21
12.86
Disposal
Scavengers
Aluminum
Street Collectors
0.76
0.35
0.40
Collection Workers
0.78
0.13
0.02
Site 2.50
0.05
1.79
Street Collectors
1.39
5.04
14.76
Collection Workers
12.35
0.94
0.64
Site 16.75
6.34
13.75
Disposal
Scavengers
Other Metals
Disposal
Scavengers
Plastic
Street Collectors
1.63
3.94
3.50
Collection Workers
9.79
0.50
0.63
4.48
25.00
Disposal
Scavengers
Glass
Site 20.32
Street Collectors
0.85
0.58
6.65
Collection Workers
6.58
0.26
0.94
Site 9.96
0.32
49.64
Disposal
Scavengers
Source: JICA Study, 2008
Page | 21
Figure 14. Waste Market Fair organized in Davao City and the Waste2Cash Market Programs
held in Naga City, Camarines Sur (L) and Legazpi City, Albay (R)
Figure 15. Trust International Paper Company in Bulacan and Dasmarinas Paper Mills in Cavite
recycle paper and cardboard (L) while Coca-Cola Bottlers, Philippines partners with Tahanang
Walang Hagdanan to convert post-consumer aluminum waste into wheelchairs.
Figure 16. Fashion accessories produced from the recycling of waste materials in Agusan del
Sur, Aurora, Leyte, Southern Leyte and Samar
Figure 17. Various recycled materials for personal and home use as produced in San Luis,
Pampanga (L) at Clark, Capas, Tarlac (C) and SPU, Dumaguete City (R)
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3.5
Disposal
Page | 23
Page | 24
Figure 20.
Figure 20, the number of SLFs doubled within a four-year period from
2008 to 2012 but the number nearly doubled within a span of only two
years from 2012 to 2014. The increase was attributed to the completion of
a number of small SLFs in Regions I, IVA, XI and other regions, as shown
in Figure 21.
Table 5 also shows the location of operating SLFs in the country in 2014.
There were also 51 SLFs with ECCs that were undergoing construction by
the end of 2014. These may soon be added to the existing landfills in the
country. The regional distribution of landfills in 2014, both operational
and under construction, is shown in Figure 22.
Table 5. Operational Sanitary Landfills and their Location, 2014
No.
1
Region
1
PROVINCE
Ilocos Norte
LGU_Name
Bacarra
Ilocos Norte
Piddig
Location
Brgy. Durepes
Pungto
Brgy Abucay
Ilocos Norte
Banna (Espiritu)
Brgy Bangsar
Ilocos Norte
Vintar
Ilocos Norte
Nueva Era
6
7
1
1
Ilocos Sur
Ilocos Sur
Candon City
Narvacan
Brgy Balingaoan
Brgy Dasay
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No.
Region
PROVINCE
LGU_Name
Location
La Union
Naguilian
9
10
1
1
La Union
La Union
Bangar
Balaoan
Brgy Cadapli
Brgy Calumbayan
11
La Union
Rosario
12
La Union
Brgy Mameltac
13
La Union
14
La Union
Sudipen
15
La Union
Luna
16
17
1
1
Pangasinan
Pangasinan
Bolinao
Urdaneta City
Brgy Balingasay
Brgy Catablan
18
Pangasinan
Bayambang
Brgy Telbang
19
Cagayan
Lal-lo
Brgy Cagoran
20
Cagayan
Gonzaga
21
Nueva Vizcaya
Bayombong (Capital)
22
23
24
2
2
2
Nueva Vizcaya
Nueva Vizcaya
Nueva Vizcaya
Solano
Aritao
Bagabag
25
26
27
3
3
3
Aurora
Aurora
Bataan
Maria Aurora
Dipaculao
Mariveles
28
Bataan
Abucay
29
Bataan
Limay
30
Bulacan
31
Bulacan
32
Bulacan
Norzagaray
33
Nueva Ecija
Santa Rosa
34
Nueva Ecija
35
Tarlac
Capas
36
4a
Batangas
Bauan
37
38
4a
4a
Batangas
Batangas
Cuenca
Taysan
39
4a
Batangas
Alitagtag
40
4a
Batangas
41
4a
Cavite
Batangas City
(Capital)
Imus City
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No.
Region
PROVINCE
LGU_Name
Location
42
4a
Cavite
43
4a
Laguna
Calamba City
44
4a
Laguna
San Pedro
45
46
4a
4a
Laguna
Laguna
47
4a
Quezon
Mauban
Environmental Care
Corp., Brgy Pasong
Buaya I
TMC Integrated SWM
Corp., Brgy De
Ocampo
Brgy Bubuyan (Suri
Waste Management)
Brgy San Antonio
(Pilotage SLF - Site
1)
Brgy Sto Nino
Sitio San Isidro, Brgy
Longos
Brgy Lual Barrio
48
4a
Quezon
Infanta
Brgy Magsaysay
49
4a
Quezon
General Nakar
50
4a
Rizal
Morong
51
4a
Rizal
San Mateo
52
4a
Rizal
Rodriguez
(Montalban)
53
4b
Oriental Mindoro
54
4b
Palawan
Bataraza
Sitio Pinagtaywanan,
Brgy Anoling
BEST(IPM), Brgy San
Guillermo
ISWIMS - Brgy
Pintong Bukawe
(New Site)
Sitio Lukutan, Brgy
San Isidro (Rizal
Provincial)
Sitio Dalig, Brgy
Batalino
Brgy Rio Tuba
55
4b
Palawan
56
57
4b
4b
Palawan
Palawan
58
59
5
6
Albay
Aklan
60
Sipalay City
Brgy Canabalan
61
Bago City
Brgy Ma-ao
62
Sagay City
Brgy Paraiso
63
64
65
7
7
Negros
Occidental
Negros
Occidental
Negros
Occidental
Negros
Occidental
Cebu
Cebu
66
Cebu
Asturias
67
Cebu
Talisay City
68
69
7
7
Negros Oriental
Negros Oriental
70
Leyte
Bais City
Bayawan City
(Tulong)
Ormoc City
71
Samar
Calbayog City
72
10
Bukidnon
Damulog
Page | 28
No.
Region
PROVINCE
LGU_Name
Location
Pocopoco
73
74
10
11
Camiguin
Davao del Norte
Mambajao (Capital)
Tagum City (Capital)
75
11
Talaingod
76
11
Davao City
77
11
Davao Oriental
78
12
South Cotabato
Surallah
Brgy Benhaan
Purok Sta Cruz, Brgy
Nueva; Brgy San
Agustin
Sitio Tibi-tibi, Brgy
Sto Nino
Brgy New Carmen,
Tugbok Dist.
Sitio Tagbobolo, Brgy
Sainz
Brgy Colongolo
79
80
12
12
South Cotabato
Sultan Kudarat
Polomolok
Tacurong City
Brgy Kinilis
Brgy Upper Katungal
81
13
Brgy Cagniog
82
CAR
Surigao del
Norte
Benguet
La Trinidad (Capital)
Brgy Alno
83
CAR
Ifugao
Lamut
84
NCR
Metro Manila
Navotas City
85
NCR
Metro Manila
Quezon City
86
ARMM
Wao
Source: NSWMC
Clustered landfills
Clustering is an option in which small LGUs can pool their resources into
setting up a common solid waste disposal facility. It also enables them to
attain large economies of scale and reduce the cost per unit of solid waste
Page | 29
disposal. The main constraints, however, are finding a host LGU and the
social acceptability of the proposed facility.
Forms of clustering in the Philippines include private sector-led ventures
that offer their landfills where LGUs dispose their residual waste upon
payment of tipping fees. There also LGUs that host a facility that serve
neighboring municipalities for a fee.
Inter-municipal clustering has been successful in the province of South
Cotabato. The establishment of a common Category 2 SLF at Barangay
Colongulo, Surallah, South Cotabato (Figure 23) in 2011 was financially
supported by the provincial government with technical assistance from
DENR and USAID.
The facility is now being shared among the
municipalities of Surallah, Norala, Tboli, Banga, Sto. Nino and Lake Sebu.
Earlier, in 2008, a Category 1 SLF was established in Barangay Kinilis,
Polomolok as a result of the partnership between the LGU and Dole
Philippines, Inc. The facility also serves neighboring municipalities.
Local SWM
Plans submitted
to NSWMC
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
268
295
335
342
417
566
844
Source: NSWMC
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Page | 32
LGU
Province
Resolution
Number
Maria Aurora
Aurora
41 series of 2010
Tineg
Abra
41 series of 2010
Sampaloc
Quezon
41 series of 2010
Solano
Nueva Vizcaya
41 series of 2010
Sta. Cruz
Ilocos Sur
41 series of 2010
Zamboanga City
Zamboanga City
41 series of 2010
Aklan
41 series of 2010
12
Tacurong City
Sultan Kudarat
49 series of 2010
Calbayog City
Samar
49 series of 2010
Buug
Zamboanga Sibugay
49 series of 2010
Guipos
49 series of 2010
Ipil
Zamboanga Sibugay
49 series of 2010
Midsalip
49 series of 2010
4A
Sta. Rosa
Laguna
49 series of 2010
Jamindan
capiz
49 series of 2010
Naga City
Cebu
49 series of 2010
Sagay City
Negros Occidental
49 series of 2010
Silay City
Negros Occidental
49 series of 2010
Quezon City
Metro Manila
49 series of 2010
Gonzaga
Cagayan
49 series of 2010
Margosatubig
55 series of 2013
Salug
55 series of 2013
Dipolog City
55 series of 2013
Maasin City
Leyte
55 series of 2013
Jordan
Guimaras
55 series of 2013
Kayapa
Nueva Vizcaya
55 series of 2013
Wao
55 series of 2013
Talisay City
Negros Occidental
55 series of 2013
Cadiz
Negros Occidental
55 series of 2013
Calatrava
Negros Occidental
55 series of 2013
CAR
4A
NCR
ARMM
Page | 33
Cauayan
Negros Occidental
55 series of 2013
Hinigaran
Negros Occidental
55 series of 2013
San Enrique
Negros Occidental
55 series of 2013
Negros Occidental
55 series of 2013
Mati
55 series of 2013
Numancia
Aklan
55 series of 2013
10
Quezon
Bukidnon
55 series of 2013
12
Alabel
Sarangani
62 series of 2013
11
Maragusan
Compsotela Valley
67 series of 2013
11
Monkayo
Compsotela Valley
67 series of 2013
Baggao
Cagayan
81 series of 2014
Allacapan
Cagayan
81 series of 2014
Lal-lo
Cagayan
81 series of 2014
Quirino
Isabela
81 series of 2014
4A
Teresa
Rizal
93 series of 2014
4A
Sariaya
Quezon
93 series of 2014
4A
Kalayaan
Laguna
93 series of 2014
4A
Los Baos
Laguna
93 series of 2014
4A
Sta. Cruz
Laguna
93 series of 2014
4A
Nagcarlan
Laguna
93 series of 2014
11
Nabunturan
Compostela Valley
99 series of 2014
11
Pantukan
Compostela Valley
11
Compostela
Compostela Valley
11
New Bataan
Compostela Valley
11
Laak
Compostela Valley
11
Mabini
Compostela Valley
11
Maco
Compostela Valley
11
Mawab
Compostela Valley
11
Montevista
Compostela Valley
Compostela Valley
Bacarra
Ilocos Norte
4A
Bacoor City
Cavite
4A
Calauan
Laguna
6
11
6
11
1
Page | 34
Victoria
Tarlac
Bacolod City
Negros Occidental
Manapla
Negros Occidental
La Carlota City
Negros Occidental
Hinobaan
Negros Occidental
Enrique B. Magalona
Negros Occidental
Bago City
Negros Occidental
Bambang
Nueva Vizcaya
NCR
Paraaque City
NCR
NCR
Valenzuela City
NCR
Solana
Cagayan
Nueva Ecija
4A
Malvar
Batangas
4A
Luisiana
Laguna
4A
Carmona
Cavite
11
Caraga
Davao Oriental
11
Sulop
11
Matanao
Pilar
Bataan
Maria Aurora
Aurora
San Juan
Metro Manila
La Paz
Tarlac
CARAGA
Trento
Roxas
Isabela
Rosario
La Union
11
Panabo
Mabalacat
Pampanga
Dinalupihan
Bataan
4B
Concepcion
Romblon
NCR
3
11
Source: NSWMC
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Over the last 16 years (1999 to 2014), the Philippines has endeavored to
improve its management and operation of solid waste through several
national laws, rules, regulations, orders, and memoranda on environment,
including resolutions and ordinances issued by local government units.
4.1.1 The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (RA 9003)
In 2001, Republic Act 9003 (RA 9003), otherwise known as the Ecological
Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, was enacted into law declaring the
policy of the government to adopt a systematic, comprehensive, and
ecological solid waste management program in the country.
The ecological solid waste management (ESWM) policy is based on the
management of waste in the following hierarchy:
Republic Act No. 7160 (Local Government Code (LGC) of 1991). The
act devolved certain powers to the local governments units,
including enforcement of laws and cleanliness and sanitation, solid
waste management, and other environmental matters.
Republic Act No. 8749 (Clean Air Act of 1999). The act directs all
government agencies to adopt the integrated air quality framework
as a blueprint for compliance. Among its salient provisions are the
polluters must pay principle, and the prohibition of the use of the
incineration method, which is defined as the burning of municipal,
biomedical and hazardous waste or the process, which emits
poisonous and toxic fumes. The act further mandates LGUs to
promote, encourage, and implement segregation, recycling and
composting within their jurisdiction. It also required the phasing out
of incinerators by July 2003.
Republic Act No. 9275 (Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004). The act
provides for the protection, preservation, revival of quality of fresh,
brackish and marine waters of the country to pursue economic
growth.
Republic Act (RA) 9729 (Climate Change Act of 2009). The act
declares as a Philippine policy the adoption of the ultimate objective
of the UNFCC convention, which is the stabilization of greenhouse
gas concentration in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent
dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
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Executive Order (EO) No. 774. Issued on December 26, 2008 the
order calls for the reorganization of the Presidential Task Force on
Climate Change (PTFCC), headed by the President, with all cabinet
members as members of the Task Force. EO 774 created 13 Task
Groups that included solid waste management.
Page | 39
NSWMC Resolution
Title
Delegation of Certain
Functions of the NSWMC
Chairman to the DENR
Regional
Executive
Directors and Prescribing
Appropriate
Clearances
for
Solid
Waste
Management Facilities
DENR
Department
AO (DAO) or
Joint AO(JAO)
Brief Description
Functions are delegated to the DENRREDs in coordination with EMB ROs and
MGB to expedite the survey of existing
open dumpsites through its PENRO and
CENRO, supervise immediate phasing
out of all existing open dumpsites,
visitorial and enforcement powers, site
assessment of
proposed controlled
disposal facilities and SLFs and to
provide technical assistance to LGUs
Page | 40
Reso.
No.
(Year)
NSWMC Resolution
Title
DENR
Department
AO (DAO) or
Joint AO(JAO)
Brief Description
5 (2005)
50
(2010)
56
(2013)
Adoption
of
the
Guidelines on the Closure
and
Rehabilitation
of
Disposal
Facilities,
including the Adoption of
the NSWMC Guidebook
on Dumpsite Closure per
Reso.
No.
50,
as
amended under Reso.
No. 56.
DAO
2006-09:
Guidelines
on
dumpsite closure
and rehabilitation
6
(2005)
50
(2010)
Adoption
of
the
Guidelines
on
Categorized
Disposal
Facilities, including the
Adoption of the NSWMC
Guidebook
on
SLF
Establishment per Reso.
No. 50.
DAO
2006-10:
Guidelines
on
categorized
sanitary landfills
8
(2006)3
9 (2009)
50
(2010)
70
(2013)8
0 (2014)
9 (2006)
19
(2009)
20
(2009)
15
(2009)
16
(2009)7
8 (2014)
Creating
a
NSWMC
Technical Working Group
(NSWMC-TWG),
as
amended with governing
rules under Reso No. 78
17
(2009)
76
(2014)
Page | 41
Reso.
No.
(Year)
NSWMC Resolution
Title
DENR
Department
AO (DAO) or
Joint AO(JAO)
Brief Description
35
(2009)
36
(2009)
41
(2010)
49
(2010)5
5
(2013)6
2 (2013)
67
(2013)
47
(2010)
48
(2010)
51
(2010)
Page | 42
Reso.
No.
(Year)
NSWMC Resolution
Title
DENR
Department
AO (DAO) or
Joint AO(JAO)
Brief Description
57
(2013)
Resolution Creating a
Philippine
Methane
Partnership
Technical
Working Group (PMPTWG)
59
(2013)
60
(2013)
The
resolution
provided
specific
guidelines on proper solid waste
handling in public and private places
particularly on the implementation of
segregation at source, segregated
collection and setting up of a recycling
program.
63
(2013)
66
(2013)
71
(2013)
Resolution 63 on the
Institutionalization of the
NSWMC and the Offices
Created Under it, i.e.,
the Secretariat and the
National Ecology Center.
Resolution 66 Designates
the Chief of the EMB
Solid Waste Management
Division
as
OICExecutive Director of the
NSWMC Secretariat
64
(2013)
Adoption
of
Modified
Guidelines
on
Site
Identification Criteria and
Suitability
Assessment
for Sanitary Landfills
Page | 43
Reso.
No.
(Year)
NSWMC Resolution
Title
DENR
Department
AO (DAO) or
Joint AO(JAO)
Brief Description
65
(2013)7
3 (2013)
Resolution
No.
65
Provides for Conditional
Approval of the Ten Year
Solid Waste Management
Plans
of
Local
Government Units; as
amended by Resolution
No. 73.
68
(2013)
Adoption
of
the
Guidelines
on
the
Clustering of LGUs on
Common ESWM System
69
(2013)
Resolution
on
the
Nationwide
Implementation
Appropriate
ESWM
System for Home Owners
Association
(HOAs),
Public
Markets
and
Commercial
Establishments and the
Ecosavers Program for
Public Schools
72
(2013)
75
(2014)
Resolution
for
the
establishment
/development of the 10storey National Ecology
Center Pursuant to RA
9003
76
(2014)
77
(2014)
Governing
Regulations
Rules
of
and
the
Rule
IV
Section
5
of
the
Implementing Rules and Regulations
Page | 44
Reso.
No.
(Year)
NSWMC Resolution
Title
DENR
Department
AO (DAO) or
Joint AO(JAO)
Brief Description
National
Solid
Waste
Management Commission
(NSWMC)
78
(2014)
Governing
Rules
and
Regulations
of
the
National
Solid
Waste
Management
Commission-Technical
Working Group (NSWMCTWG)
79
(2014}
Amending
Resolution
No. 26 series of 2009,
Changing
the
Term
Ecology Park or Eco-Park
to Ecological Solid Waste
Management
Park
or
Eco-SWM
Park
and
Providing
Clarifications
on its Use
Page | 45
Reso.
No.
(Year)
NSWMC Resolution
Title
DENR
Department
AO (DAO) or
Joint AO(JAO)
Brief Description
and
80
(2014)
82
(2014)
83
(2014)
84
(2014)
Resolution in Adopting
the
Implementing
Guidelines
of
the
National
Ecosavers
Program
85
(2014)
Resolution creating a
Multi-Agency Sub-Group
(MASG) to develop the
guidelines on the Waste
Page | 46
Reso.
No.
(Year)
NSWMC Resolution
Title
Analysis
Characterization
(WACS)
Computation of
Diversion
DENR
Department
AO (DAO) or
Joint AO(JAO)
Brief Description
and
Study
and
Waste
DOST-ITID,
DOH-EOHO
and
representative from Non Government
Organization (NGO)
86
(2014)
Resolution creating a
Multi-Agency Sub-Group
(MASG) to develop the
guidelines
on
Composting,
Compost
Quality
and
Market
Development (CCQMD)
89
(2014)
Resolution
providing
Final Notice to Local
Government Units for the
Submission of the Ten
Year
Solid
Waste
Management Plan
90
(2014)
Resolution creating a
Multi-Agency Sub-Group
(MASG) to develop the
guidelines
on
the
establishment
and
operation
of
best
available
Waste
to
Energy
(WTE)
Technologies
for
the
Country
91
(2014)
Resolution creating a
Multi-Agency Sub-Group
to develop/adopt Solid
Waste
Management
Training Modules and
Formulate
a
Training/Accreditation/Ce
rtification System
for
SWM Practitioners and
Experts
The
MASG
was
created
to
formulate/develop/review
SWM
training modules prepared by the
Commission
Secretariat
or
its
Consultants as well as the training and
accreditation
system
for
SWM
practitioners. Members are TESDA as
Chairman, DENR, DILG,MMDA, DA,
DOST, DPWH, Recycling Industry and
NGOs.
92
(2014)
Resolution Creating a
Sub-Group to prepare
the Communications Plan
and
the
Vision and
Mission for NSWMC
96
(2014)
Resolution
Authorizing
the Presiding Officer of
the NSWMC September
Page | 47
Reso.
No.
(Year)
103
(2014)
NSWMC Resolution
Title
DENR
Department
AO (DAO) or
Joint AO(JAO)
Brief Description
of the Chairman.
112
(2014)
Resolution Creating a
Multi-Agency (MASG) on
Recognition and Awards
113
(2014)
Source: NSWMC
Not included in the list above are resolutions such as those that are
applicable to specific localities. The complete list of NSWMC Resolutions
(CY 2000 -2015) can be downloaded at http.www.emb.gov.ph/nswmc or
available at the Office of National Solid Waste Management Commission
Secretariat located at 2nd Flr, HRDS Bldg., DENR Compound, Visayas
Ave., Quezon City.
4.2
Institutional Arrangements
Plans. Figure
nationwide.
26
shows
the
percentage
of
compliance
of
LGUs
Region
City/Municipal
SWM Boards
Barangay
SWM Committees
Created
Active
C/M
Created
Active
Created
1*
6
1
6
1
6
17
77
17
77
17
77
1706
1176
1509
1174
4
5
4
4
4
3
125
93
9
64
9
49
3265
2311
No data
917
7
5
5
6
6
4
6
3
7
5
5
6
6
4
3
3
130
142
73
114
133
132
143
72
130
123
73
57
123
No data
95
60
No data
3247
1457
177
4039
No data
928
1300
3
4
93
49
5
46
2022
1162
48
1152
4
5
4
5
3
5
No
data
55
50
73
44
73
34
86
35
57
97
5
52
50
No
data
28
No
data
18
No
data
520
3102
4011
1458
3471
4051
3003
4390
1904
5
4
3
5
5
6
1
4
3
3
No
data
3
1195
1311
886
1310
2490
42028
No data
15461
NCR
CAR
I
II
III
IV-A
IV-B
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
ARMM
5
No data
118
No data
TOTAL
81
70
1634
902
Source: NSWMC
* In the case of NCR, Metro Manila acts as PSWMB.
Active
No
data
1174
No
data
473
No
data
678
575
161
30
15
262
850
No
data
806
No
data
420
No
data
4270
Page | 51
5. Other Issues
5.1
Page | 52
5.2
Page | 55
Region 11
All municipalities in the region have created their SWM Boards. Likewise,
all municipalities have established their MRFs. Segregation of wastes has
been advocated by all LGUs, some of which had started implementing a
no segregation, no collection policy.
Lower income municipalities are converting their controlled dumpsites into
ecological parks instead of sanitary landfills as a cost-effective measure.
Region 12
The municipality of Surallah, South Cotabato has established the first
successful LGU-initiated clustered SLF in the country. The Category 2
SLF, which was completed in 2011, serves the 7 municipalities of Surallah,
Norala, Tboli, Banga, Sto. Nino and Lake Sebu. The facility is financially
supported by the South Cotabato provincial government with technical
assiatance from EMB, MGB and USAID. This successful undertaking has
been gaining recognition and multiple awards.
Surallah has a model Ecopark and set up MRFs with composting facilities
at the MENRO office, public market and all barangay centers.
The Category 1 SLF in Polomolok, South Cotabato, which was completed
in 2008, was a product of partnership between Polomolok LGU and Dole
Philippines. It also serves neighboring municipalities. Polomolok also has
a 4-hectare central MRF with 48 twin vermin-beds and recycling shops for
waste packaging materials operated by a barangay womens organization.
MRFs are present in most of the schools, hospitals, industries and
barangay halls.
National Capital Region
Marikina
In the last quarter of the year 2014, the City Government of Marikina
began the Food Waste Truck Program. Through the implementation of the
Program, kitchen wastes are being collected from restaurants and food
stalls, and are being converted into fertilizers to be used for the Citys
urban garden.
Further, since the year 2004, the City has also been implementing the
Eco-savers Program in the Citys elementary and secondary schools to
raise environmental awareness among children and youth through their
active involvement in the recyclable trading activity. The activity is one of
the strategies employed by the City to support its goal to implement
segregation at source.
Business establishment owners are also mandated to attend an annual
Waste Management Seminar as a prerequisite to the issuance of business
permits.
Page | 56
Quezon City
Given its land area and population, Quezon City is known as one of the
most challenged cities in terms of solid waste management. Although this
is the case, the Quezon City Government has advanced its strategies to
meet the standards set by RA 9003.
Quezon City implements a No Segregation, No Collection Policy, wherein
the collection of biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes is done in
separate days every week. Recyclable trading activities such as Ecosavers
Program in schools and Waste Market in malls are also being conducted to
increase the Citys waste diversion rate from final disposal to the Payatas
Sanitary Landfill.
Given also that the City Government has contracted private haulers for
the collection of solid wastes, the said private haulers are also instructed
to incorporate Information, Education and Communication campaign on
proper solid waste management during their regular operations in
households where the policy is not being strictly followed. This way, the
residents are given the right information on how they can improve their
waste disposal within their respective homes.
Makati
Since the year 2003, the Makati City has been implementing its Solid
Waste Management Code which was enacted through Ordinance No.
2003-095. Various strategies on solid waste reduction were included in
the Code, wherein the main objective is to increase the waste diversion
rate of the City.
Like other cities in Metro Manila, the City also has its own version of a
Plastic Ban Ordinance, as well as prohibition on the use of styrofoam and
other non-biodegradable packaging materials. To ensure that the said
laws are being complied with, a Plastic Monitoring Task Force was also
created. Its main task is to monitor the implementation of the said laws in
all business establishments within Makati.
Recyclable trading activities namely the Baratilyo ng Basura sa Barangay
and Weekend Waste Market, are also being regularly held to provide
additional income for constituents while at the same time, to increase the
Citys solid waste diversion rate.
The City Government conducts regular seminars to update the knowledge
of its barangays with regards to the implementation of the Solid Waste
Management Code.
Muntinlupa
The City Government of Muntinlupa has been implementing the Eco-Waste
Management Ordinance since the year 1999, which mandates households,
business establishments and other stakeholders to practice waste
segregation at source.
Page | 57
Muntinlupa also continues to implement the plastic ban, which is the first
of its kind in Metro Manila.
The City Government is also active in the annual celebration of the Live
Green Conference, a competition among the Citys youth which provides a
venue for the expression of environmental perceptions through art. The
event aims to increase the awareness of the youth not only on proper
solid waste management, but also on the other environmental concerns
which the City endeavors to address.
Taguig City
Taguig City implements Brigada Eskwela before the opening of classes in
public elementary and secondary schools. The activity does not only aim
to conduct massive clean-up operations, but to also emphasize the
importance of harmony and unity among students, parents, teachers, and
other school personnel in maintaining the cleanliness of school premises.
The City is also focused on decreasing dengue cases through the
implementation of 4 oclock Habit, during which time clean-up and
drainage declogging operations are done. Communities are encouraged to
maintain cleanliness of their surroundings through proper disposal of
wastes and regular clean-up in their respective households.
CHALLENGES
RECOMMENDATIONS
CHALLENGES
RECOMMENDATIONS
CHALLENGES
RECOMMENDATIONS
appreciation of RA 9003
and SWM.
officer.
Absence of city/municipal
SWM TWG (which is
supposed to implement
policies produced by
Boards); TWG members
usually include
department heads who
already have multiple
functions.
Absence of dedicated
City/Municipal ENRO or
dedicated SWM
Coordinator at local level;
In case of municipalities,
they may be restricted by
personnel services
expenditure of only up to
45% of the total budget
such that creation of
MENRO is usually
disallowed by DBM.
Limited or unstructured
external support
assistance for LGUs
CHALLENGES
RECOMMENDATIONS
Lack of or unconsolidated
data on markets for
recyclable materials
Absence of or limited
equipment and
infrastructure for (1)
supporting segregation by
the public and (2)
improving coverage of
collection
Coverage of waste
collection is usually
limited to town centers or
urban barangays.
Residents of unserved
areas end up dumping
their garbage and
Page | 61
CHALLENGES
RECOMMENDATIONS
agricultural residues in
rivers or burning them.
Safe Disposal: Dumpsite Closure and Rehabilitation/ Sanitary Landfill
Establishment
Absence of Closure Plan
and lack of
implementation of the
closure and rehabilitation
of open dumpsites.
Usually, closure of
dumpsites is less
prioritized as compared to
establishing SLFs.
Various problems
encountered by LGUs in
identification, site
selection and acquisition
of sanitary landfill sites:
unavailability of site,
unsuitability of site based
on MGB
assessment/findings,
incomplete submission of
ECC-requirements by
LGUs, public opposition
Page | 62