Machine Design Shaft Design

LAGUITAN, JEREMY ..
SHAFT DESIGN
MACHINE DESIGN (W 1:00-4:00 PM)
ENGR. D.A. VICENTE
31.) The shaft in Figure P12-9 is part of an automatic machining system. All power is
input through gear D. Gears C and F drive two separate tool feed devices requiring
5.0 hp each. The V-belt sheave at B requires 2.5 hp to drive a coolant pump. The
shaft rotates at 220 rpm. All gears are spur gears with 20 degrees full depth teeth.
Use AISI 1020 cold-drawn steel for the shaft.
Figure P12-9:
Solution: 1. Determine the rotational speed of the shaft.

Based on the problems statement, the shaft rotates at 220 rpm.
rev
Converting to rad/s, =220 min (

= 0.3839724
2 rad
1 min
)
(
1 rev
3600 s )
rad/s
2. Determine the power or the torque to be transmitted by the shaft.
The V belt sheave B requires 2.5 hp while the gears at C and F

require 5.0 hp each. Using the formula: T =
63000 (P)
, with
n
n=220rpm
T B=
63000 (2.5)
220
T C = TF =
= 715.9090909 lb-in
63000 (5)
220
= 1431.818182 lb-in
According to problem # 10, gear D receives 12.5hp from a pinion

below it.
TD =
63000 (12.5)
220
= 3579.545455 lb-in
3. Determine the forces that are exerted on the shaft.

Computing for the forces at each element:
Forces on sheave B: Using equations (12-7), (12-8), and (12-12)
2T
D
FN = F1-F2 =
2( 715.9090909)
6
= 238.6363636 lb
F
FB = 1.5(FN) = 1.5(238.6363636) = 357.9545454 lb

FBx = FB(sin 30o) = 357.9545454(sin 30o) = 178.9772727 lb orFBx
178.98 lb
FBy
o
o
FBy = FB(cos 30 ) = 357.9545454(cos 30 ) = 309.9977297 lb or
310 lb
FBy
Forces on gear C: Using equations (12-2) and (12-3)

Wt=
2T
D
2(1431.818182)
6
FBx
= 476.939394 lb or 476.94 lb
Wr = Wt(tan ) = 476.939394(tan 20o) = 173.591643 lb or 173.6

lb
Forces on gear D: Using equations (12-2) and (12-3)

Wt=
2T
D
2(3579.545455)
12
= 596.5909092 lb or 596.6 lb
Wr = Wt(tan ) = 596.5909092(tan 20o) = 217.121333 lb or

217.12 lb
FBy
Forces on gear F: Using equations (12-2) and (12-3)
Wt=
2T
D
2(1431.818182)
6
FBx
= 476.939394 lb or 476.94 lb
Wr
Wr = Wt(tan ) = 476.939394(tan 20o) = 173.591643 lb or 173.6 lb

FFx = 476.94(sin 45o) 173.6(cos 45o) = 214.49 lb
FFy = 476.94(cos 45o) + 173.6(sin 45o)= 460lb
FFx
Wt
FFy
4. Solve for all the reactions on all support bearings in each plane
For horizontal:
FBx
FFx
3
WTC
5
WTD
8
RAx
REx
178.98 lb 476.94 lb
3
RAx
596.6 lb
5
214.49 lb
5
REx
Solving for reaction at bearings:
M at A= 0
178.98(3) +476.94(8) +596.6(16)

+214.49(26) = REx(21)
REx= 927.5142857 lb or 927.51 lb
Fv=0
178.98 + 476.94 + 596.6 + 214.49
927.5142857 = RAx
RAx = 539.4957143 lb or 540 lb
178.98 lb 476.94 lb
3
596.6 lb
540 lb
lb
214.49 lb
5
927.51
178.98 lb 476.94 lb
3
596.6 lb
8
214.49 lb
FBD
540 lb
lb
927.51
540 lb
361.02 lb
Shear force diagram
214.99 lb
0
-115.92 lb
-712.52 lb
3425
1620
Moment diagram (lb-in)

-1074.95
-2487.65
For vertical:
FBy
WRC
FFy
3
RAy
WRD
REy
310 lb 173.6 lb
3
Solving for RAy and REy:

RAy
460lb
8
M at A= 0
217.12 lb
REy
310(3) +173.6(8) +460(26) = REy(21)

+217.12(16)
REy = 514.6095238 lb or 515 lb
Fv=0
310 + 173.6 - 217.12 515 + 460 = RAy
RAy = 211.4 lb
310 lb 173.6 lb
FBD
211.4 lb
460lb
8
217.12 lb
515 lb
459.92
211.4
Shear diagram (lb)
98.6
-55.08
-272.2
634.2
Moment diagram (lb-in)
141.2
-2036.4
-2311.8
Calculating
the bending moment at point C, the torque on the gear
at the left side (TCL) and the torque on the right side of the gear (T CR):
141.2
( 2 )
Mc=
( 34252 ) +
TCL =
= 3428 lb-in
63000 (2.5)
220
= 716 lb-in (Getting the hp from B, 2.5hp)
TCR = TD -TC =3579.545455 - 1431.818182

TCR = 2147.727273 or 2148 lb
Calculating for the actual endurance strength (S n)
Sn= Sn(Cs)(Cr)
From the design properties of carbon and alloy steel table, the tensile strength
and yield strength of AISI 1020 cold-drawn steel: Su= 61 ksi, S y= 51ksi and
from table 5.8, Sn= 22ksi
Using a reliability of 0.99, the Cr = 0.81. The shaft size should be moderately
large, so we can assume CS=0.85
Sn= 22(0.81)(0.81) = 15.147 ksi
32 N
Finding the diameter at the right side of C with D= [
3 T 2 K (M)
[ ] +[
]
4 Sy
S n'
1
3
and let N=3
Kt for L=3.0 (Retaining ring groves)
Kt for R= 2 (keyseat profile)
32(3) 3 2148 2 2 ( 3428 )

[
] +[
]
4 51000
15147
DCR = [
1
3
D5 = 2.40 in
D6 = D5 = 2.40 in
D4= [
32(3) 3 716 2 3 ( 3428 )

[
] +[
]
4 51000
15147
1
3
D3 = 2.75 in
Increase by 6% = 1.06(2.75) = D4 =
2.98 in
Ring
grove
K=2.5(Sharp fillet) Mb=
Profile
keyseat
634.22+1620 2
= 1739.715 lb
D1 = D2, D2 =
32 N
3 T 2 K (M)
[ ] +[
]
4 Sy
S n'
1
3
32(3) 3 716 2 2.5 ( 1739.715 )

[
] +[
]
4 51000
15147
1
D2 = 2.06 in
D1= 2.06 in
Vf =
214.992+ 459.922
D8=D7, D =
D7 = 0.86 in
D8 = 0.86 in
= 507.69
2.94 ( K )( V )( N )/ Sn'
2.94 ( 2.5 ) (507.69 )(3) /15147
= 0.86 in

Machine Design Shaft Design

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LAGUITAN, JEREMY ..

MACHINE DESIGN (W 1:00-4:00 PM)

ENGR. D.A. VICENTE

Solution: 1. Determine the rotational speed of the shaft.

Converting to rad/s, =220 min (

2. Determine the power or the torque to be transmitted by the shaft.

The V belt sheave B requires 2.5 hp while the gears at C and F

According to problem # 10, gear D receives 12.5hp from a pinion

3. Determine the forces that are exerted on the shaft.

FB = 1.5(FN) = 1.5(238.6363636) = 357.9545454 lb

Forces on gear C: Using equations (12-2) and (12-3)

Wr = Wt(tan ) = 476.939394(tan 20o) = 173.591643 lb or 173.6

Forces on gear D: Using equations (12-2) and (12-3)

Wr = Wt(tan ) = 596.5909092(tan 20o) = 217.121333 lb or

Wr = Wt(tan ) = 476.939394(tan 20o) = 173.591643 lb or 173.6 lb

Solving for reaction at bearings:

178.98(3) +476.94(8) +596.6(16)

Shear force diagram

Moment diagram (lb-in)

Solving for RAy and REy:

310(3) +173.6(8) +460(26) = REy(21)

= 716 lb-in (Getting the hp from B, 2.5hp)

TCR = TD -TC =3579.545455 - 1431.818182

Finding the diameter at the right side of C with D= [

32(3) 3 2148 2 2 ( 3428 )

32(3) 3 716 2 3 ( 3428 )

K=2.5(Sharp fillet) Mb=

32(3) 3 716 2 2.5 ( 1739.715 )

2.94 ( 2.5 ) (507.69 )(3) /15147

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