Uk Pni Posters 1-111

UK CLUB
GOOD PRACTICE
“It’s your ship and equipment –

look after them and they will look after you”
The GOOD PRACTICE series of A4 posters is designed to draw your

attention to everyday occurrences, as witnessed primarily by the UK
P&I Club’s own ship inspectors. They visit between 500 and 600 vessels
every year, with a view to enhancing the ‘human element’ of the
shipboard operation, as approximately 60% of claims seen by the
Club are attributable, in varying degrees, to human error.
The aim of the ship inspector is to help raise awareness with respect
to practices onboard that could lead to claims or affect safety. They use their own
experience as ship’s masters, while benefiting from good practices observed on the
numerous vessels they have visited on the Club’s behalf. If they see something of interest
on one vessel, they may pass this on to the master on subsequent vessels for them to
adopt if they feel it necessary to do so.
Some of the photos illustrated under the title “Bad Practice” are not necessarily bad, but
when compared to the “Good Practice” photo, it is clear that improvements could
and/or should be made. Conversely, some of them can be considered as “Bad Practice”
and should clearly be discontinued.
We hope you find this selection useful, and we aim to add to this collection on a
regular basis.
UK P&I CLUB
It’s your ship and equipment –

look after them and they will lookUK
after you
P&I CLUB
Loss Prevention Department, International House

26 Creechurch Lane, London EC3A 5BA © Thomas Miller P&I Ltd 2002
UK CLUB
NUMBER 1
GOOD PRACTICE
GRINDERS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Grinder has both safety

guards in place
✓ Area is clean and well lit
✓ Spare safety goggles

easily to hand
✓ Emergency stop switch

readily accessible
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Safety guards both

missing
✗ Area is dirty, untidy and

poorly lit
✗ No obvious emergency
stop button
Grinders can be dangerous

– they have built-in safety features.
Use and maintain them!
UK P&I CLUB

look after them and they will look after you

UK CLUB
NUMBER 2
GOOD PRACTICE
FIRE DOORS
✗ Self-closing mechanism
disconnected, despite
well-marked instructions
Fire doors
are there for a purpose.
There is no reason, other than laziness,
why they should be lashed open.
KEEP THEM CLOSED!
✗ Fire doors lashed back –

note damaged handle
✗ This is what can happen
✗ Lives can be lost
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 3
GOOD PRACTICE
COAMING DRAINS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Coaming drain
complete
✓ Non-return valve
checked, clean and
operational
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Non-return valve
missing
✗ Potential for water

ingress in heavy
weather
Many claims
are made due to wetted cargo
– simple maintenance would reduce
the need for such claims
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 4
GOOD PRACTICE
BILGES
GOOD PRACTICE BILGES
✓ Bilges clean and oil free
✓ Light colour paint allows

for easy identification of
fresh leaks
✓ Good housekeeping
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Excessive oily waste
✗ Potential fire/safety
hazard
✗ Hard to locate source of

leaks
Oily bilges are potential

safety and pollution risks –
keep them clean!
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 5
GOOD PRACTICE
GARBAGE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Garbage well segregated
✓ Colour-coded garbage
categories
✓ Garbage stored in
sheltered, easily accessible
location
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No segregation of
garbage types
✗ Health risk – could blow

around ship
✗ Possible interference
with mooring
operations
✗ Possible source of
pollution fines
Poorly stowed garbage

is a health and pollution risk –
dispose of it properly!
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 6
GOOD PRACTICE
GANGWAYS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Well rigged, including

safety net
✓ On solid ground
All ships
are required to provide
safe access. Check that your
gangway is always used and
kept safely.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Unsafe top platform
✗ Bent/broken/loose
stanchions
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No safety rails
✗ Not adequately secured

to ship
✗ Completely unsafe
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 7
GOOD PRACTICE
LIFERAFTS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Correctly stowed and

secured
✓ Ready for immediate

manual and float-free
deployment
✓ Instructions for use

clearly visible
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Liferaft covered and

excessively lashed
✗ Not ready for

immediate use
Life rafts are

provided for your safety in case
your ship sinks. Valuable time may be
lost if they are not stored
properly.
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 8
GOOD PRACTICE
ACCESS/HAZARD MARKINGS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Well-marked hazards
✓ Access routes highlighted
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Hazards not marked
✗ Access routes not

marked
When it is dark,
the weather bad, or you
are unfamiliar with the ship,
access/hazard markings
help you get around.
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 9
GOOD PRACTICE
OXY-ACETYLENE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Oxygen and acetylene

stored in separate
lockers
✓ Reduced risk of fire and

explosion
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Oxygen and acetylene

stored in same locker
✗ Increased risk of fire

and explosion
Used
together for welding,
oxygen and acetylene burn well –
so why store them together?
Think safe and keep them
apart.
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 10
GOOD PRACTICE
PAINT LOCKER
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Shelves neatly stacked
✓ Similar paint-types
stored together
✓ Paint locker clean
✓ Bars in place to stop cans

jumping in bad weather
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Paint stored
haphazardly
✗ Nothing to stop cans

moving around in
heavy weather
✗ Potential fire hazard Spilled paint

is both a safety and
pollution hazard – and involves
a messy clean up operation.
Keep your paint locker
tidy!
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 11
GOOD PRACTICE
FIRE HOSE STORAGE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Hose/nozzle ready for

immediate use
✓ Equipment in good
condition
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Hose box blocked by

steel sheet and
duckboards
✗ Fire hose not ready for

immediate use
Fire hoses
should be instantly available –
do not lock them away or block
access to them!
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 12
GOOD PRACTICE
SOUNDING PIPES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Counterweight down, cap on
✓ Oil-tight integrity of tank maintained
✓ No chance of high-level oil escaping

through sounding pipe
Ships have sunk

BAD PRACTICE or had serious fires
because sounding pipes have
✗ Lever open, cap off
been left open – Close them
✗ Tape left in sounding pipe when not in use!
✗ Increased risk of high-level spill
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Counterweight lashed open
✗ Hose inserted into sounding pipe
✗ Oil-tight integrity of tank not

maintained
✗ Delay in ability to close in emergency
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 13
GOOD PRACTICE
SAFETY HARNESS
GOOD PRACTICE
Correct use of harness:
✓ Provides security against

falling
✓ Enables use of both

hands to complete task
BAD PRACTICE
Not using a harness:
✗ Increases risk of injury from

falling
✗ Endangers others working

in vicinity
When
working aloft generally,
including on the gangway or
over the bridgewing as illustrated,
safety must be your first
consideration
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 14
GOOD PRACTICE
TWISTLOCKS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ All twistlocks lock one way
✓ Easy identification of
unlocked containers
✓ Reduced risk of cargo loss
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Twistlocks lock
differently
✗ Unable, without close

inspection, to
determine if locked
✗ Increased risk of cargo

loss
Twistlocks
are designed simply to lock
containers to the ship and each
other – why confuse the issue with
left and right locking handles?
Are you sure your twistlocks
are locked?
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 15
GOOD PRACTICE
MOB LIGHTS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Well positioned, mounted correctly
✓ Line not coiled/wrapped around light,

thus ready for immediate deployment
The momentum
of the falling lifebuoy pulls the
light from its bracket. If the line is
too short, coiled, or wrapped around
the light, the lifebuoy will just hang
BAD PRACTICE
beneath the light, still sitting
✗ Light mounted inboard – in its bracket
will not deploy
✗ Light in very poor condition
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 16
GOOD PRACTICE
SIGHT GLASSES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Spring valve in good order
✓ Proper gauge glass in use
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Self-closing valve
lashed open
✗ Plastic tubing in use as

gauge glass
In the event of a fire,

the plastic tubing will melt.
With the self-closing valve lashed
back, the tank is open
to feed the fire
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 17
GOOD PRACTICE
HATCH VENTS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Rubber and compression

bar in good condition
✓ All dogs in place and

operational
✓ Will keep out the worst

of the weather
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Wasted vent surround
✗ Wasted vent cover
✗ Perished rubber – vent

cannot be effectively
closed
Some cargoes require

ventilation, others don’t.
Ventilators are to be maintained so
that ventilation can be controlled
and reduce claims.
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 18
GOOD PRACTICE
MAIN ENGINE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Clean engine and

bottom plates
✓ No loose plates, no trip

hazards
✓ Good housekeeping
leads to a safe
environment
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Engine casing very oily
✗ Loose oily plates

– trip/slip hazards
✗ Hose/rags lying around

– trip hazards
✗ Bad housekeeping
leads to increased risk
of fire/accidents
Engine rooms
are potentially dangerous places
– keeping them clean and tidy
reduces the risk of fire and
personal injury.
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 19
GOOD PRACTICE
STEERING GEAR
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Steering flat clean and

tidy
✓ Handrails and
duckboards for safety
BAD PRACTICE
✗ In need of cleaning
✗ Evidence of poor
maintenance
✗ Finding source of oil

leaks difficult
In bad weather,
the steering flat is a ‘lively’ place
to be. Covered in hydraulic oil, it is
just dangerous – stop leaks and
keep it clean!
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 20
GOOD PRACTICE
SWIMMING POOLS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Net is good size and

secure
✓ Ladder roped off to

avoid inadvertent access
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No safety net
✗ Raised platform
without safety rails not
really sufficient on a
working deck
Swimming pools
are potentially dangerous
places – keep them safe
and have fun!
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 21
GOOD PRACTICE
HATCH CLEATS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Correct use of cleat
✓ Cleat correctly tensioned
A large number
of claims are made as a result of wetted
cargoes. Simple maintenance and good
seamanship would dramatically reduce
these claims
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Cleat very rusty
✗ Cleat hasn’t been used

for a long time
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 22
GOOD PRACTICE
TWISTLOCKS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Both twistlocks lock the

same way
✓ Twistlocks in good
condition
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Working part of
twistlock missing
✗ No means of securing
container to ship
✗ Twistlock too small for

dovetail fitting
Lashing materials
should be checked for their suitability
before use. Clearly, damaged equipment
shouldn’t be used.
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 23
GOOD PRACTICE
CARGO HOLD ACCESS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Ladder in good condition
✓ Ladder protected from

grabs/crane
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Ladder in poor
condition
✗ Ladder exposed to
crane/grab damage
Safe access
is a requirement – bent
ladders, platforms, railings,
missing rungs etc. are not safe
and should be repaired at the
earliest opportunity.
UK P&I CLUB


UK CLUB
NUMBER 24
GOOD PRACTICE
FIRE HOSES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Hose/nozzle ready for

immediate use
✓ End coupling correctly

secured to fire hose
Fire hoses should be

maintained correctly and ready for
BAD PRACTICE immediate use.
✗ End coupling
incorrectly secured to
fire hose
✗ There is a risk of injuring

personnel with rusty
jubilee clips
UK P&I CLUB

26 Creechurch Lane, London EC3A 5BA
Email: [email protected] © Thomas Miller P&I Ltd 2003
UK CLUB
NUMBER 25
GOOD PRACTICE
DECK MACHINERY
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Windlass in good
condition and well
maintained
✓ All guards in place
Routine
maintenance of
deck machinery is vital
to avoid accidents
BAD PRACTICE and claims.
✗ Guards severely
corroded/missing
✗ Few signs of
maintenance
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 26
GOOD PRACTICE
WINDLASS BRAKE LININGS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Windlass brake recently

renewed, brake band
scaled and repainted
✓ Well greased and

maintained pin
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No brake lining
remaining, resulting in
metal-on-metal contact
✗ Loss of windlass brake

holding power
Ensure that there

is an adequate thickness of
brake lining on all winches and windlasses.
Metal-on-metal contact leads
to mechanical failure.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 27
GOOD PRACTICE
MACHINERY GUARDS
GOOD PRACTICE BILGES
✓ Machinery guard
securely in place
✓ Well maintained
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Machinery guard
missing – drive belt
exposed
✗ Exposed machinery is a
hazard to personnel
working in the vicinity
Engine rooms are

potentially dangerous places –
ensuring guards are in place reduces
the risk of personal injury.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 28
GOOD PRACTICE
MOORINGS 1
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Split mooring winch

used correctly
✓ Mooring warp in good

condition
Drum ends are not

designed to hold the weight of
the ship – only for tensioning
lines on bitts.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Incorrect use of split

mooring winch
✗ Warp left on drum end
✗ Spliced mooring warps

are not as strong as
single length warps
Winches are designed

for a single layer on the working
side of the split winch – the winch’s
holding power is reduced if more
are added.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 29
GOOD PRACTICE
HATCH COAMINGS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Compression bar and

drain channel in good
condition
✓ Coaming clear of rust

and other debris
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Compression bar severely

✗ corroded – liable to
damage hatch lid rubbers
✗ Drainage channel badly

corroded – water can
easily pass into hatch
Many claims
are made due to wetted cargo
– simple, ongoing maintenance
would reduce the need for
such claims.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 30
GOOD PRACTICE
HATCH CLEATS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Hatch cleats well

maintained
✓ Corrosion free, which

ensures easy movement
✓ Springs in place
Hatch cleats ✓ Even pressure on

are an essential element of a hatchcover and rubbers
vessel’s watertight integrity –
keep maintained.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Badly corroded
restricting movement
✗ Poor maintenance
✗ Spring missing
✗ Wedge is 90o out of

position
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 31
GOOD PRACTICE
HATCH RUBBERS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Rubber undamaged and

clean
✓ Well packed and soft
✓ Good compression and

seal
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Old, hard and cracked

rubber
✗ Uneven compression
✗ Excessive indentation
✗ Water ingression
57% of money
paid out on large cargo claims
is as a result of leaking
hatchcovers.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 32
GOOD PRACTICE
GALLEY ATTIRE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Regulation safety shoes

and galley attire
✓ Clean protective
clothing with slip
resistant shoes
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Open feet, bad hygiene
✗ No protection from
burns or scalds if hot or
boiling water is spilt
✗ Non-grip soles
Flip-flops
are for the beach, not for
protection in a dangerous working
environment.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 33
GOOD PRACTICE
GALLEY HYGIENE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Clean board and utensils
✓ Disinfected
✓ No risk of cross
contamination
✓
Illnesses can be
caused by dirty and unhygienic
galley equipment which breeds bacteria.
BAD PRACTICE If the galley is clean, the crew
are healthy.
✗ Dirty, unhygienic
✗ Risk of infection and

illness
✗ Dirty cloth will spread

germs and cause cross
contamination
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 34
GOOD PRACTICE
WEATHERDECK WORKING
PRACTICES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Wearing all correct

safety gear
✓ Correct observation
point for looking over
hatch coaming
✓ No risk of falling
Awareness of surrounding
and potential dangers are paramount
on a vessel to assist in alleviating
BAD PRACTICE
personal claims.
✗ No safety helmet
✗ Smoking on deck when there

is a no smoking sign
✗ Standing on hatch coaming

without guardrails or safety
harness to keep from falling
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 35
GOOD PRACTICE
BULLDOG GRIPS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Bulldog grips all the

same type
✓ Correctly fitted as all

facing the same way
with the ‘U’ bolt applied
to the non working part
of the rope
✓ Correctly separated.
Recommended distance
is 6 times the wire’s
diameter
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Only one grip applied

correctly
Bulldog grips
should be applied correctly,
otherwise the efficiency of the
lashing will be seriously
impaired.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 36
GOOD PRACTICE
RAT GUARDS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ In good condition
✓ Used correctly
✓ Effective in preventing
vermin boarding the
vessel
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Closing equipment
missing
✗ Gap enables vermin to

board
✗ Cargo claims due to rat

infestation, disease etc
Vermin can spread

disease and contaminate cargoes,
therefore rat guards should be placed
correctly on moorings.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 37
GOOD PRACTICE
MOORINGS 2
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Lines running directly

ashore
✓ All lines free of each

other
✓ No chafe
Frequently injuries
occur when mooring ropes part
due to severe chafing and running
BAD PRACTICE at acute angles.
✗ Lines against each other

causing chafe
✗ Acute angles formed
✗ Possibility of ropes
becoming jammed
against each other
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 38
GOOD PRACTICE
SAFETY MARKINGS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Trip hazard marked and

highly visible
To avoid personnel
injuries and claims, all trip/height/slip
BAD PRACTICE
hazards should be highlighted with
✗ Trip hazard unmarked safety markings.
✗ Blends into the same

colour deck
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 39
GOOD PRACTICE
GALLEY EXTRACTION FANS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Clean, free of grease

and grime
✓ Well maintained
✓ No fire risk
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Greasy and dirty, causing

a major fire hazard
Built up grease and dirt

is a major fire risk – fans and vents
should be frequently cleaned and
maintained.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 40
GOOD PRACTICE
PEDESTAL ROLLER FAIRLEAD
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Free running
✓ Well maintained
✓ Rust and corrosion free
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Corroded and seized
✗ Very neglected
✗ Potential safety risk
✗ Will cause damage and

chafe to ropes resulting
in shortened life span
Regular
greasing and maintenance
is a must for essential
mooring equipment.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 41
GOOD PRACTICE
SCUPPER PLUGS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Scupper plug fits

properly with no gaps
✓ Manufactured and
recommended
✓
✓ Water unable to
penetrate through
scupper
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Water and worse (oil

etc) can seep through
rags causing pollution
✗ Incorrect fitting scupper
✗ Not manufactured for

that specific vessel
Pollution is a major
source of claims, during cargo
operations scupper plugs should
be used at all times.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 42
GOOD PRACTICE
CHEMICAL STORAGE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Well organised
✓ Free from any hazards
✓ Secured properly
✓ Correct segregation
stowage as per safety
Chemicals are data sheets
dangerous, especially when
cross contaminated
– stow all containers as per the
BAD PRACTICE
segregation on the safety
✗ Surrounding equipment data sheets.
badly stowed, therefore will
move in heavy weather
✗ Oily rags and equipment left

around, causing potential
fire risk
✗ Chemical containers thrown

in at random not taking into
account correct segregation
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 43
GOOD PRACTICE
LSA AND FFE STOWAGE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Accessible in an
emergency
✓ No obstructions
✓ Well maintained and

organised
Fire fighting
equipment must
always be readily available,
time costs lives in an
emergency.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Obstructed and
inaccessible in an
emergency
✗ Risk of damage to vital

safety equipment
✗ Equipment in disarray,
therefore contents not
known until further
investigation
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 44
GOOD PRACTICE
QUICK ACTING CLEATS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Rubber in good
condition
✓ Good compression
✓ Assists with the

watertightness of the
hatch
✓ Free moving and

corrosion free means
easy to use
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Quick acting cleats

corroded
✗ Rubber is cracked
and old
✗ Seized and unusable
Quick acting cleats

are an integral part of the hatchcover
system. If any part of the system is
deficient, hatch watertight integrity
is compromised.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 45
GOOD PRACTICE
SAFE WALKWAYS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Ladder stowed without

obstructing walkway
✓ Access maintained
All deck surfaces used

for transit about the ship and all
passageways, walkways and stairs must
be properly maintained and kept free from
restrictions and substances liable to
BAD PRACTICE
cause a person to slip or fall.
✗ Ladder obstructing
walkway
✗ Safety compromised
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 46
GOOD PRACTICE
PILOT/BOARDING
LADDERS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Rope in good condition
✓ Fixings to deck well

maintained
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Rope badly worn

around the eye and
contaminated by rust
✗ Fixings to deck badly

corroded
✗ Bad maintenance
Every
vessel must provide
a safe means of
access.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 47
GOOD PRACTICE
FLAME SCREENS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Flame screen renewed

and intact
✓ Rust and corrosion free
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Corroded
✗ Hole in screen
Flame screens
are fitted for a reason. Any
defect greatly hampers their ability
to protect against sparks
and flames.
UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB
NUMBER 48
GOOD PRACTICE
SECURITY – ACCESS
CONTROL
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Watchman located at
access point
✓ Controlled embarkation
of persons
✓ Log kept of people on/off
✓ Security pass system in use
✓ Hawse pipe secured

A proper and
efficient watch should be
maintained at all times at all
access points.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Unmanned access
✗ Unnoticed movement
around ship possible
✗ Hawse pipe unsecured
✗ Security risk

ISPS REFERENCE B 9.9 - 9.17 Email: [email protected] © Thomas Miller P&I Ltd 2004
UK CLUB
NUMBER 49
GOOD PRACTICE
SECURITY – RESTRICTED
AREAS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Storeroom doors
padlocked externally
✓ Good internal locking

device on accommodation
doors
✓ Restricted areas secured
✓ No chance of illegal entry
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Free access into

accommodation,
workshops and stores
✗ Major safety and

security risk
Every precaution must

be taken to avoid unwanted
visitors in the accommodation
and other ship spaces.

UK CLUB
NUMBER 50
GOOD PRACTICE
SECURITY – SHIP SECURITY
EQUIPMENT 1
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Coded locks on
accommodation doors
✓ No unlawful entry
possible
✓ Reduced security risk
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Free entry
✗ Major security risk
Every measure
should be taken to ensure that
illegal entry into restricted areas
does not occur.

UK CLUB
NUMBER 51
GOOD PRACTICE
SECURITY – CARGO
AND STORES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ When onboard, stores

are immediately
checked and verified
✓ Cargo hold secured and

alarmed
✓ Good security
procedures in place
Stores must always be

verified and securely stowed, and
accesses to cargo holds must never be
left open or unattended, as any
BAD PRACTICE area is a security risk.
✗ Stores dumped and
unchecked
✗ Free access to cargo

space

UK CLUB
NUMBER 52
GOOD PRACTICE
SECURITY – MONITORING
SHIP SECURITY
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Watch patrols in place
✓ Security logs maintained
✓ Extra deck lighting

available
✓ Efficient watch
maintained
To perform an efficient
security watch shipsides, decks
and accommodation areas must
BAD PRACTICE always be adequately lit.
✗ No lighting on deck
✗ Shipside poorly lit
✗ Impossible to perform
efficient watch patrols

UK CLUB
NUMBER 53
GOOD PRACTICE
SECURITY – SHIP SECURITY
EQUIPMENT 2
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Good use and availability

of security equipment,
e.g. metal detectors and
CCTV
✓ Ship safety alert system

button installed
✓ Good security systems in

place
Every means
BAD PRACTICE possible should be used against the
threat of terrorism.
✗ No security measures
in place

ISPS REFERENCE B 9.42 - 9.49 26 Creechurch Lane, London EC3A 5BA
SOLAS chpt XI - 2, Reg 6 Email: [email protected] © Thomas Miller P&I Ltd 2004
UK CLUB
NUMBER 54
GOOD PRACTICE
SECURITY – TRAINING
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Use of metal detector on

visitors
✓ Mandatory baggage
searches in operation
✓ Questioning suspicious
persons and packages
✓ Good security training of

individuals involved
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Gangway unattended
✗ No search of baggage
or visitors possible
✗ Suspicious package
undetected
Visitors are a
potential security threat.
Crew members must show extra
vigilance when allowing
people onboard.

UK CLUB
NUMBER 55
GOOD PRACTICE
SECURITY – ANTI-PIRACY
MEASURES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Anti-piracy gate fitted
✓ Entry into, and around,

the accommodation
prevented when gate
secured
✓ Dummy used to deter

pirates
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Door lashed open
✗ No anti-piracy measures
With piracy
incidents rising, measures
should be taken to protect the ship
and its crew from such
occurrences.

UK CLUB
NUMBER 56
GOOD PRACTICE
BUNKER OPERATIONS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Manned station
✓ Communication with
involved parties
✓ Permanent monitoring
Bunker operations
must always be supervised and
communications maintained
BAD PRACTICE with all parties.
✗ Unmanned station
✗ No barge-to-ship
communication
✗ Potential pollution risk

UK CLUB
NUMBER 57
GOOD PRACTICE
ANTENNAE MARKINGS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Clear warning BAD PRACTICE

signs ✗ No hazard markings visible
on deck
✗ Danger to personal health

and safety
Radiation
warnings must be adhered to.
Every effort must be made to
warn the ship’s personnel of
the dangers.

UK CLUB
NUMBER 58
GOOD PRACTICE
REEFER CABLES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Good arrangement and

stowage of cables
✓ Deck clear
✓ No trip hazard
To prevent
accidents, all reefer
cables must be stowed to provide
BAD PRACTICE a clear deck without
trip hazards.
✗ Bad stowage of cables
✗ Deck cluttered
✗ Ladder obstructed
✗ Major trip hazard

UK CLUB
NUMBER 59
GOOD PRACTICE
EMERGENCY ESCAPE
BREATHING DEVICES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Good position on
escape route/walkway
✓ Correct signage
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Poor locations next to

external doors
✗ Useless if trying to
escape the
accommodation in an
emergency
IMO MSC/Circ. 849

states that EEBDs should be
positioned along escape routes in
machinery spaces or at the
foot of escape ladders.

UK CLUB
NUMBER 60
GOOD PRACTICE
EMERGENCY EYE WASH
STATIONS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Clear instructions
✓ Labelled correctly
✓ Equipment complete
Safety equipment
must always be well maintained.
We only have one pair of eyes.
Protect them!
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No instructions
✗ Equipment dirty and

not sterile
✗ No legible label on
bottle
✗ Major health risk

UK CLUB
NUMBER 61
GOOD PRACTICE
ACCOMMODATION
APPLIANCES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Unit well maintained
✓ Free of lint
It is good practice
to ensure that all fixtures
and fittings are properly
maintained.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Excess lint
✗ Poorly maintained
✗ Potential fire risk

UK CLUB
NUMBER 62
GOOD PRACTICE
DECK CRANES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Doors and windows well

maintained and watertight
✓ Good visibility for driver
✓ Clear markings
✓ Wires/sheaves well greased
✓ Guardrails and ladders in

good condition
✓ Excellent access for repair

It is good practice and maintenance
to ensure all deck lifting ✓ Inspection panels secured
machinery is marked with the SWL
and a safe access is provided
BAD PRACTICE for maintenance.
✗ Poor visibility, windows

obscured
✗ No markings
✗ SWL unknown
✗ General maintenance
of a poor standard
✗ Safety risk

UK CLUB
NUMBER 63
GOOD PRACTICE
MAIN SWITCHBOARD
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ All units closed
✓ Required non-conducting
mat in place
✓ No trip hazards
Decks which
are not✓of a rubberised
composition, should have non-conductive
matting in front/behind
the MSB.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Switchboard door open
✗ Required matting/
grating missing
✗ Potential safety/trip
hazard

UK CLUB
NUMBER 64
GOOD PRACTICE
ANCHOR CONNECTION
– BITTER END
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Well marked
✓ Hammer available
Essential
tools for the job
should never be removed
from designated
fittings.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No markings
✗ Hammer is removed
✗ Unable to detach chain

UK CLUB
NUMBER 65
GOOD PRACTICE
OILY WATER SEPARATOR
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Locked
✓ Good warning marks
✓ Clean area
To avoid problems with

the authorities, all removal of
pipes should be logged in the
ship’s official log book.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Signs of pipe
removal/tampering
✗ Oil marks on
surrounding area
✗ Possible illegal discharge

UK CLUB
NUMBER 66
GOOD PRACTICE
DECK LIGHT FITTINGS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Bulb intact
✓ Wires protected
✓ Well maintained
Unprotected
✓
electrical equipment can
cause fires, explosions
and injuries.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Wire beginning to part
✗ Broken bulb and glass
✗ Potential fire hazard

UK CLUB
NUMBER 67
GOOD PRACTICE
ENGINE ROOM WASTE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Segregation of rags
✓ Area around bins clean
✓ Lids in use to stop cross

contamination
✓ No possibility of
leakage
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No segregation
✗ Cigarette amongst
oily rags
✗ Potential oil leakage
✗ Major fire risk
Oily rags are

fire hazards and must
be contained within the
appropriate container
to avoid risk.

UK CLUB
NUMBER 68
GOOD PRACTICE
COMPASS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Good, clear glass
✓ Clear markings
✓ No air bubbles
✓ Spindle in good
condition
The compass
must be clearly readable
BAD PRACTICE
for personnel on
✗ Air bubble present the bridge.
✗ Distracts helmsman
✗ Card movement affected
✗ Potential for glass to mist

UK CLUB
NUMBER 69
GOOD PRACTICE
ENGINE ROOM CRANES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ SWL marked
✓ Crane well maintained
✓ Identification shown
E/R cranes are used

to lift heavy pieces of machinery,
therefore it is good practice to mark
them with the SWL, test them regularly
and include them in the planned
maintenance system.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ SWL not known
✗ No markings on boom
✗ Potential safety risk

UK CLUB
NUMBER 70
GOOD PRACTICE
DECK PIPING
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Pipes well maintained
✓ Clearly marked cargo

pipes
It is good practice
to maintain all deck
piping and ensure timely
BAD PRACTICE pressure testing.
✗ Hole in pipe
✗ Blown pipe joint

UK CLUB
NUMBER 71
GOOD PRACTICE
SOPEP
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Items labelled efficiently
✓ Written procedures
present
✓ Equipment well secured
MARPOL states that

all oil tankers over 150gt, and every other
ship of over 400gt, shall have Shipboard Oil
Pollution Emergency Plans approved
by the administration.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ SOPEP gear mixed with

other ship’s stores
✗ No clear list of contents
✗ Risk of misuse of
equipment
✗ Difficult to locate in an
emergency

UK CLUB
NUMBER 72
GOOD PRACTICE
ENCLOSED LIFEBOAT
LAUNCHING
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Counterweight rigged
correctly, externally
✓ All crew aware of

operation through drills
and lecture
✓ Monthly checks as
per SMS
The brake wire

should fall free from the
boat when launched and
making way.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Incorrectly rigged
counterweight
✗ Lack of understanding
by ship’s staff
✗ Failure of SMS system

If you have any ideas for future posters Loss Prevention Department, International House
or supporting/interesting photos 26 Creechurch Lane, London EC3A 5BA
we would be pleased to hear from you Email: [email protected] © Thomas Miller P&I Ltd 2005
UK CLUB
NUMBER 73
GOOD PRACTICE
LOW-LEVEL ESCAPE SIGNS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Exit signs on exits at low level, for

when crawling under smoke
✓ High-visibility fluorescent strips or

arrows at deck level
✓ Location and use of escape signs

placed from the point-of-view of
someone crawling in smoke
When placing
high-visibility strips, keep them low
and ensure they do not guide you past
exits, which should be highlighted
themselves!
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No signs, meaning no risk assessment

performed and failure of SMS system
✗ Exits not obvious to someone

unfamiliar with the vessel
✗ Where used, arrows are located in

high position

UK CLUB
NUMBER 74
GOOD PRACTICE
CONTAINER LASHINGS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Rubber matting laid on

deck protects lashing gear
and ship’s deck
✓ Working practices assessed

and positive action taken
✓ All cargo equipment

maintained as per SMS
✓ Steel locking pins in good

working condition and
maintained/replaced
Care of
cargo securing equipment
BAD PRACTICE is important for the safety
✗ No care for lashing of the cargo, ship and
equipment her crew.
✗ No checks for damaged

equipment
✗ Insufficient repairs/
temporary solutions –
a wooden stick in this
example
✗ Risk of losing
containers overboard

UK CLUB
NUMBER 75
GOOD PRACTICE
SAFE WORKING PRACTICES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Hard hats and other

appropriate PPE worn
✓ Safe practices and risk

assessment in operation
✓ Team management and

briefing
Club analysis
shows that the majority of
personal injury claims are caused
by crewmembers injuring
themselves.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No PPE – danger of personal

injury or worse
✗ No risk assessment evident
✗ Poor management and failure

of SMS

UK CLUB
NUMBER 76
GOOD PRACTICE
FIRE DOORS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Doors maintained and operating well
✓ Emergency signage as necessary
✓ Door closing automatically will hold

back fire
Never allow
fire doors to be
wedged open.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ An open door allows fire to spread

rapidly
✗ Damage to door when ship is

rolling/pitching

UK CLUB
NUMBER 77
GOOD PRACTICE
HATCH OPENING CHAINS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Reasonably tight chains

operate effectively
with no slippage
✓ Chains off the ground

are easy to inspect and
maintain
✓ Chains safe when no

excessive slack exists
Chains are
a hazard both when in
motion and when still. Slack
BAD PRACTICE chains pose an increased
danger and should be
✗ Slack chain a slip/trip hazard
taken up.
✗ Wear and tear on chain and
steelwork in contact with it
✗ Wear and tear on working

gear due to slippage
✗ Slack chain may come

off chain guides

UK CLUB
NUMBER 78
GOOD PRACTICE
HATCHCOVER LOCKING PINS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Pin maintained and in

good condition
✓ Correct pin of substantial

size capable of holding
back hatch lids
✓ Safe to operate with

handle and locking
position
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Poor temporary
measure in this
example
✗ Pin could jam or break
✗ A danger to crew
and/or cargo
A proper pin
is required to stop the
hatch lid unintentionally closing
and a faulty pin may stop
you closing it!

UK CLUB
NUMBER 79
GOOD PRACTICE
CONTAINER TOP SAFETY
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Appropriate PPE worn

on deck
✓ Operational procedures
adhered to
✓ Crew trained in cargo

operations
✓ Good example set by

senior staff enforcing
regulations
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No PPE at all
✗ No risk assessment
✗ Danger to life and poor

example to set others
Both crew and

stevedores should be
stopped when acting with
a lack of safety and
common sense.

UK CLUB
NUMBER 80
GOOD PRACTICE
PILOT LADDER CARE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Ladder stowed clear of

deck, weather and
sunlight
✓ Checked monthly as
per SMS
✓ Any repairs in
accordance with the
Merchant Shipping
(Pilot Ladders & Hoists)
SOLAS regulations Regulations (statutory
state ladder requirements instrument)
including repairs.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Incorrect and illegal

repair methods and
materials
✗ Non-compliant with
SOLAS and statutory
instruments
✗ Ladder in poor
condition and unsafe

UK CLUB
NUMBER 81
GOOD PRACTICE
ENGINE ROOM
EMERGENCY EXITS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ All emergency exits assessed for

visibility and effectiveness
✓ Appropriate reflective signage
✓ All doors functioning correctly and

tested monthly as per maintenance
schedule
Emergency exits should

be highly-visible and guide you
to safety in smoke.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No handle on door in this example
✗ Exit not visible in reduced visibility
✗ Difficult escape for unfamiliar

personnel

UK CLUB
NUMBER 82
GOOD PRACTICE
ADMIRALTY CORRECTIONS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Weekly corrections
applied
✓ Record of updates for

charts and publications
✓ Corrected to date
before use
It is a legal obligation
to update charts/publications
and maintain records.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No evidence of charts
and publications
updated
✗ Charts in use not

corrected to-date
✗ Danger to navigation

UK CLUB
NUMBER 83
GOOD PRACTICE
GALLEY FIRE HAZARDS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Fire, health and hazard

awareness by crew
evident
✓ Strict galley inspections

and recommendations/
remedial action
✓ Good stowage
arrangement assists in
It is the
maintaining a safe
responsibility of all
galley
onboard to remedy
hazards.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Relaxed galley
standards should not
be encouraged
✗ Stove should be kept

clear, unlike this
example
✗ An untidy galley is a
danger to galley staff
✗ Fire hazard

UK CLUB
NUMBER 84
GOOD PRACTICE
HATCH OPENING
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Secure railing or bars to

prevent a fall
✓ Complying with safety

regulations and reducing
risk of accidents
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No measures taken to protect

personnel from open hatch
✗ Cables and rubbish are a trip

hazard. Next to the unguarded
hatch they present a deadly risk
✗ No co-ordination of safety in a
busy working environment
Every ship should

establish procedures to
eliminate risk when any of
her hatches are open.

UK CLUB
NUMBER 85
GOOD PRACTICE
HOLD ACCESS LIDS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Hatch maintained and

rust-free
✓ Rubber packing kept in

good condition
✓ Distinctive markings show

open/close direction
The access hatch

needs to be weathertight as well as
function efficiently as an emergency
escape.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Hatch rusting and

seizing
✗ Rubber packing in poor

condition
✗ Likelihood of water
ingress

UK CLUB
NUMBER 86
GOOD PRACTICE
WORKING OVERBOARD
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Code of Safe Working

Practices for Merchant
Seamen observed
✓ Risk assessment and

permit to work in place
✓ Correct PPE and

supervision
LSA is exactly that

and should not be used
for work overboard.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Use of LSA for work

overboard
✗ Unecessary stress on
life-saving appliances
✗ Wear/tear and damage

to LSA

UK CLUB
NUMBER 87
GOOD PRACTICE
THIRD PARTY EQUIPMENT
– MOORINGS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Correct rope splice on

mooring line
✓
✓ Correct fitting of
bulldog grips on wire
line from shore barge
✓ Alterations safe when

mooring line under
tension
Incorrect but quick
methods may✓ seem practical
in the short term but can be extremely
BAD PRACTICE
costly despite being someone
✗ Knot tied in mooring else’s responsibility.
rope
✗ Shore barge wire

splayed as in a splice
and incorrect number
of bulldog grips
✗ Lines not safe for

mooring operations

UK CLUB
NUMBER 88
GOOD PRACTICE
EMERGENCY BATTERIES
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Tested weekly and

recorded
✓ Electrolyte levels
maintained
✓ Located secure and

protected from the
weather
✓ PPE available for testing

and handling batteries
As part of the ship’s safety

equipment emergency batteries
must be checked as per ISM.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Records of tests not maintained
✗ Batteries poorly maintained and

showing signs of leakage and
corrosion
✗ Risk of batteries failing when

required

UK CLUB
NUMBER 89
GOOD PRACTICE
OIL TANK VENTILATORS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Clear labelling in good

condition
✓ Labels located clear of

oil in the event of a spill
✓ Vents colour-coded
In the event of
a spill, it is important
to be able to identify
the overflowing tank
BAD PRACTICE immediately.
✗ Label in poor and
unreadable condition
✗ Label would be
obscured in the event
of a spill overflowing
the save-all
✗ Potential delay in
recognising source of a
spill

UK CLUB
NUMBER 90
GOOD PRACTICE
CHEMICAL STORAGE
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Product data sheets

displayed
✓ Protective equipment
and eye wash readily
available
✓ Organised and secure

stow
All chemicals should

be easily identifiable and handling
information available.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No protective
equipment or product
data sheets
✗ Poor labelling and

organisation of
chemicals
✗ Careless stow is a
hazard

UK CLUB
NUMBER 91
GOOD PRACTICE
EMERGENCY GENERATOR
STARTING INSTRUCTIONS
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Clear instructions by
control panel
✓ Written in languages of
ship’s crew
✓ Torch located by
instructions
Any action to
aid a speedy start of the
generator in an emergency
BAD PRACTICE
is a good practice.
✗ No torch located next
to starting instructions
✗ Instructions of
inappropriate size,
clarity and location
✗ Danger to ship and

crew in an emergency

GOOD PRACTICE
CARGO STOWAGE – STEEL COILS
NUMBER 92
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Cargo well-braced and

secured
✓ Dunnage protection
from condensation
✓ Controlling the risk of

It is the duty cargo shifting
cargo officer’s responsibility
to ensure cargo is loaded correctly,
and the chief officer informed of any poor
stowages. Stevedores should be put
on notice when cargo is not
BAD PRACTICE stowed correctly.
✗ cargo not secured to

prevent movement in
adverse weather
✗ No dunnage between
cargo and ship’s hold
✗ High risk of loss of

reputation
It’s your ship and equipment – look after

them and they will look after you
For further information please contact: Loss Prevention Department, Thomas Miller P&I Ltd
Tel: +44 20 7204 2307. Fax +44 20 7283 6517. Email: [email protected]
GOOD PRACTICE
TIMBER DECK CARGO
NUMBER 93
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Good protection from

the weather
✓ Good-condition nets
and lashings securing
the awnings
✓ Good outturn of cargo

with no claims
BAD PRACTICE
✗ High value kiln-dried

timber cargo with
inadequate protection
✗ Water damage (despite

clear label ‘avoid
wetting’)
✗ Expensive claim / loss of

Certain types
reputation
of timber are high value cargo.
Timber is sensitive to staining and
salt contamination, and large claims
have resulted from inadequate
weather protection.

GOOD PRACTICE
CARGO – VEHICLES
NUMBER 94
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Good lashing systems

and use of dunnage
✓ Adequate space
between vehicles
✓ Cargo stowed and

carried safely
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Coaches lashed in one

direction
✗ Vehicles lashed with

twine
✗ High risk of damage to

vehicles
✗ Lashing obstructing
crew access ladder
Vehicles moving
on deck in severe weather
can cause substantial damage,
and be potentially dangerous
to the ship’s crew.

GOOD PRACTICE
CARGO – CONTAINERS
NUMBER 95
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Containers in good
condition
✓ Container doors closed

and secure
✓ Effective lashing system
Cargo should not

be accepted in this condition.
Cargo like this causes incidents
and claims for which the ship
may be liable.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Containers in poor
condition
✗ Doors bulging – held

together with wire
✗ Risk of stow collapsing

inside container and
loss of cargo overboard

GOOD PRACTICE
CONTAINER LASHING RODS
NUMBER 96
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ All lashing devices in

good condition
✓ Lashings well
maintained
✓ Excellent lashing
arrangement
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Heavy wastage of steel

on securing device
✗ Strength of lashing
severly reduced
✗ Hook deformed
All components must

be in place for a certified lashing
system to be effective. Defective
equipment must be replaced as
soon as found.

GOOD PRACTICE
CARGO – LASHING CONTAINERS SAFELY
NUMBER 97
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Safe access used
✓ PPE worn – safe ship
✓ Planning and
teamwork involved in
cargo operations
Ship design is not

always ideal in allowing for
the safest method of operations.
But safety first – shortcuts
BAD PRACTICE must not be taken.
✗ Standing on outboard
rails to check lashings
✗ Dangerous acts like this

should not be allowed
✗ Risk of falling down

hatch

GOOD PRACTICE
LOCAL TEMPERATURE READINGS OF REEFER CONTAINER UNITS
NUMBER 98
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Stage rigged for

checking reefer units
✓ Safe method of
performing daily task
✓ Reefers stowed at low

levels
The design of
container ships can make work
hazardous. It is essential that hazards
are identifed and remedied, for
crew safety.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Ladder unsafely
wedged in rail
✗ Standing unsafely with

feet on top rungs of
ladder
✗ Danger of injury to
crew

GOOD PRACTICE
REEFER HATCH SEALS
NUMBER 99
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Insulation intact
✓ Rubber seal okay
✓ No ice formation caused

by leaking hatch lid or
poor insulation
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Insulation breakdown
✗ Poor hatch rubber seal
✗ Paintwork peeling due

to poor adhesion
✗ Risk of contamination
to reefer cargo
Cargo claims
has always been one of the
biggest costs to the UK Club and the
cause in many cases is leaking
hatchcovers.

GOOD PRACTICE
CARGO – BAGGED SUGAR
NUMBER 100
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Holds lined with paper
✓ No broken or leaking
bags
✓ All bags stowed flat
It is wise to
ensure stevedores take
care when loading/discharging
bagged cargo: carelessness can
result in split bags and large
shortages.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Bags split and spilling
✗ Bags stowed on end

and liable to split
✗ Increased cargo hatch

cleaning
✗ High risk of cargo

shortage and loss of
reputation

GOOD PRACTICE
CARGO – BOATS ON DECK
NUMBER 101
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Wood and rubber

supports on cradle
✓ Good securing and quality

lashing equipment
✓ Weather protection over

wheelhouse
Special attention
should be paid as to how the hull
of a boat is going to be supported when
carried on deck, and adequate
lashing is essential.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Paper is the only

protection between the
steel cradle and
fibreglass hull
✗ Minimal lashing and

securing
✗ Risk of damage to boat’s

fibreglass hull

GOOD PRACTICE
REEFER CARGO – PALLETISED
NUMBER 102
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Compact, safe stow of

reefer boxes
✓ Undamaged and
homogenous stows
✓ Secure binding and

straps in place
Palletised stows can

be very efficient, but if pallets are
not loaded with a level top, then a stow
can easily collapse in transit and
damage lots of cargo.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Loose stow of boxes on

pallets
✗ Some pallet loads not

homogenous
✗ Some pallets missing

bindings or straps
✗ Boxes opened /
broached cargo

GOOD PRACTICE
WEARING BUOYANCY AIDS
NUMBER 103
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Buoyancy aid worn and

other safety equipment
✓ Work permit and

supervision
✓ Safe and happy ship
BAD PRACTICE
✗ No buoyancy aid
✗ Unsafe working
practice
If crew
✗ are allowed to work
without taking safety measures,
then incidents are
likely.

GOOD PRACTICE
SAFE ACCESS
NUMBER 104
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Correct gangway
equipment in use
✓ Safety signs, rails, safe

steps
✓ Safe access to and from

ship
Boarding
should only be made by
approved means. Shortcuts
are dangerous and claim
lives.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ High risk of personal

injury jumping from ship
top rail on to deck
✗ Risk of falling between

ship and quay

GOOD PRACTICE
RIGGING THE GANGWAY BROW
NUMBER 105
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Crew working together

sensibly
✓ Crew safe at all times
✓ Correct PPE worn
Many serious incidents

occur during mooring operations. Crew
who fall between the ship and the quay
are rarely recovered alive.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Crew in dangerous
positions
✗ Poor training and bad

practice
✗ No safety line,
buoyancy aid or
lifejacket in use

GOOD PRACTICE
RIGGING OF LIFEBUOYS
NUMBER 106
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Lifebuoy correctly rigged
✓ Lifebuoy clean and

lettering visible
✓ Light properly secured in

bracket
✓ Lifebuoy complete with

perry-line
The ship’s
lifebuoys should comply
with the safety plan which is
approved by the classification
BAD PRACTICE society. Ship staff should not
add other items to
✗ Line fitted to lifebuoy
as well as a light lifebuoys.
✗ Light not secured in

bracket
✗ Name and port of

registry lettering in
poor condition

GOOD PRACTICE
GAS BOTTLE FLASHBACK ARRESTORS
NUMBER 107
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Flashback arrestor
fitted correctly
✓
✓ Gauges and arrestor in
good working order
✓ Safety for crew from

fire and explosion
Many explosions
involving gas✓bottles are caused
as a result of flashback arrestors
not being fitted or not working
BAD PRACTICE
correctly
✗ No flashback arrestors
fitted
✗ Risk of fire and

explosion
✗ Danger to crew when

equipment in use

GOOD PRACTICE
ENCLOSED SPACE ENTRY
NUMBER 108
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Safety equipment and

PPE
✓ Supervision and
teamwork
✓ Enclosed space entry

form completed at site
of entry
✓ Actual oxygen and gas

readings entered on
form
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Entry point not manned or

guarded
✗ Permit completed on office

computer
✗ No oxygen or gas readings

taken
✗ Open access – risk of serious

fall
Enclosed space
entry procedures are generally
well understood, but very often
taken for granted, costing
lives every day.

GOOD PRACTICE
CHANGE IN DECK LEVEL
NUMBER 109
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Each step clearly

highlighted
✓ Highlights visible from

lower and top
✓ Safe movement around

the ship
Those who are

carrying goods, new to the ship,
complacent or just plain tired are at
BAD PRACTICE a hightened risk of serious injury from
trips or falls at a change in
✗ Change in deck level
deck level.
not highlighted
✗ Decks and steps the

same colour
✗ Trip and fall hazard

GOOD PRACTICE
LIGHTING ON DECK
NUMBER 110
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Officers ensure lights

are on when necessary
✓ Bright halogen lamps

lighting deck
✓ deck painted in a light

colour paint
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Inadequate lighting
during darkness Any crewmember
who finds the deck lights have not
✗ Dangerous working
been switched on when necessary has
environment
a duty to inform a responsible
✗ Risk of serious incident person on board

GOOD PRACTICE
BUNKERING IN RAIN
NUMBER 111
GOOD PRACTICE
✓ Bunkering commences
once excess water
removed
✓ Pollution control
✓ Bunker checklist
completed
Scupper plugs
should temporarily be removed
under supervision to allow water to
drain off and then they should
be replaced.
BAD PRACTICE
✗ Savealls full of water

and decks awash
✗ Risk of pollution


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UK CLUB

“It’s your ship and equipment –

The GOOD PRACTICE series of A4 posters is designed to draw your

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House

✓ Grinder has both safety

✓ Area is clean and well lit

✓ Spare safety goggles

✓ Emergency stop switch

✗ Safety guards both

✗ Area is dirty, untidy and

Grinders can be dangerous

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House

✗ Fire doors lashed back –

✗ This is what can happen

✗ Lives can be lost

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House

✗ Potential for water

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House

GOOD PRACTICE BILGES

✓ Bilges clean and oil free

✓ Light colour paint allows

✗ Excessive oily waste

✗ Hard to locate source of

Oily bilges are potential

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House

✓ Garbage well segregated

✗ Health risk – could blow

Poorly stowed garbage

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House

✓ Well rigged, including

✗ Unsafe top platform

✗ Not adequately secured

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House

✓ Correctly stowed and

✓ Ready for immediate

✓ Instructions for use

✗ Liferaft covered and

✗ Not ready for

Life rafts are

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House

✓ Access routes highlighted

✗ Hazards not marked

✗ Access routes not

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House

✓ Oxygen and acetylene

✓ Reduced risk of fire and

✗ Oxygen and acetylene

✗ Increased risk of fire

It’s your ship and equipment –

Loss Prevention Department, International House