Manitoba Drivers Handbook PDF
Manitoba Drivers Handbook PDF
Manitoba Drivers Handbook PDF
Handbook
Working with drivers
to make our roads safer.
Table of Contents
Establish Your Identity 5
Type of Document 5
The Class Licence System Foldout
Basic Class 5 Licensing Requirements Foldout
How to Book Your Test Appointment 7
Winnipeg 7
Dauphin, Portage la Prairie, or Thompson 7
Arborg, Beausejour, Brandon, Steinbach, Winkler or at a
Mobile Testing Unit 8
Key Points About Your Tests 9
Graduated Driver Licensing Foldout
Graduated Driver Licensing Class 5 Foldout
Authorized Instruction (A) Stage (non-GDL Learner Stage) 11
Manitobas New One-Piece Drivers Licence 12
Renewals Last Five Years 13
Keep Your Licence Valid 13
Illegal Use of Drivers Licence 13
Operating Heavy and Agricultural Equipment 14
Seatbelts 15
Infant and Child Restraints 15
Drivers Handbook 1
2. Starting from a Parked Position, Lane Changing, Curves and Turning 35
Starting Out 35
Starting 38
Lane Changing 38
Blind Spots 38
Hand Signals 39
Curves 39
General Rules of Turning 39
Right Turns 40
Left Turns 43
U-Turns 51
Roundabouts 52
3. Driving Responsibly 53
Speed 53
Following Safely 53
Passing 54
No-Zone Around Large Vehicles 55
Entering and Leaving an Expressway 56
Right-of-Way 57
Emergency Vehicles 58
School Buses 59
Transit Buses 60
Railway Crossings 65
4. Pedestrian Safety 67
Crosswalks 67
Pedestrian Corridors 69
Blind Persons 70
School and Playground Areas 71
5. Cyclist Safety 72
Cyclist Signals 73
6. Backing Up 74
Three Point Turn 74
Three Point Turn Around on a Dead End Street 76
7. Parking 77
Parallel Parking 77
Backing Skill Test 79
Angle Parking 80
Parking on a Hill or Incline 81
Parking Pointers 82
Illegal Parking 82
8. Vehicle Equipment 83
Required Equipment 83
Other Equipment 86
2 Drivers Handbook
9. Poor Driving Conditions 87
Ice, Sleet or Snow 87
Daytime Use of Headlights 87
Reduced Visibility 87
Night Driving 88
Drowsiness or Fatigue 89
Distractions 89
Gravel Road Driving 90
Winter Road Driving 91
Hills 92
Farm Equipment on Roads 93
Pilot Vehicles 94
10. Driving Emergencies 95
Running Off the Pavement 95
Blowouts 95
Losing a Wheel 96
Skid Control 96
Emergency Braking 97
Flooded Engine 97
Wet Brakes 97
Disabled Vehicle 98
Direct Collision Course 98
Vehicle on Fire 99
Vehicle Plunging into Water 99
Vehicle in Contact with Electrical Wires 99
Suggested Emergency Equipment 100
11. Collisions 101
Upon Arriving at the Scene 101
If You are Involved 102
Drivers Handbook 3
5. Driver Safety Rating 112
How the Scale Works 112
6. Safe Driving Programs 113
Mature Driver Program 113
Parking Entitlement for People with Physical Disabilities 114
Disabled Driver Assessment and Management Program 115
Vehicle Modifications for People with Physical Disabilities 115
Environmental Consequences of Driving 116
Fuel Efficient Driving Techniques 117
Forms 120
Organ and Tissue Donation 120
Parental Approval (Learners Licence) 123
Collision Report 125
Claim Reporting 129
Metric Converter 130
Driver Training Schools and Instructors 131
This handbook has no legislative sanction. For interpreting and applying the law,
consult The Highway Traffic Act, and/or The Drivers and Vehicles Act and their regulations.
4 Drivers Handbook
Establish Your Identity
The first time you apply for a Manitoba drivers licence, identification
card or enhanced identification card you will be asked to show
documents that prove your identity.
Birth date
Legal name
Signature
Photograph
Manitoba residence
Entitlement to be in Canada
Drivers Handbook 5
The Class Licence System
Manitoba Licence Class Allows the Licence Holder to Operate Minimum Age Medical Requirements Requirements Test Charges
1 Semi-trailer trucks including all vehicles in Classes 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Class 1 Road test
$50
2
1
Buses having a seating capacity of over 24 passengers (while carrying Must meet Class 2 Road test
passengers), school buses2 having a seating capacity over 36 passengers medical and $45
vision standards. Must hold a minimum Class 5 Intermediate or Class 5 Authorized
(while carrying passengers). Includes all vehicles in Classes 3, 4 and 5.
Instruction licence to obtain authorized instruction in Classes 14.
Medical report Must pass knowledge test.
Class 3 Road test
18 required on
3
Trucks with more than two axles, including any combination Requires supervising driver for Authorized Instruction.
of vehicles, OR a truck with two axles towing a vehicle with a initial application Must pass road test. For Classes 1, 2, 3 or 4 (buses and trucks only), the test $45
+4,540 kg
registered gross vehicle weight of more than 4,540 kg (but does not and periodically includes a pre-trip inspection of vehicle (and air brake system if applicable)
include a semi-trailer truck). Includes all vehicles in Classes 4 and 5. thereafter based by the applicant.
on the age of Class 4 Road test
Taxis, ambulances, and other emergency vehicles, buses1 with a
the driver. $35
4
seating capacity between 10 and 24 passengers (while carrying
passengers) and school buses2 with a seating capacity between 10 Knowledge Test
and 36 passengers (while carrying passengers). Includes all vehicles
in Class 5.
$10
Passenger cars, a bus while not carrying passengers, trucks with two
axles, and any combination of vehicles consisting of a truck with two
axles and a towed vehicle with a registered gross vehicle weight Class 5 Road test
of up to 4,540 kg. May operate Class 3 vehicles if registered as a
16 Must pass knowledge and sign tests for Class 5 Learner licence
(minimum nine-month Learner Stage). (Must wait seven days for re-tests.) $30
Medical report
farm truck and the driver holds a Class 5 Intermediate or Full Stage
5
required when Requires supervising driver for a Class 5 Learner Stage or Authorized
Licence.
May operate a Moped 3, if 16 years of age or older.
or 15M requested. Instruction.
Requires supervising driver for a Class 5 Intermediate if carrying more
if enrolled Must meet vision
Note: A person must hold a valid minimum Class 5 Intermediate Stage than one passenger between the hours of 12 midnight and 5 a.m.
in high school standards.
drivers licence to operate a special mobile machine, implement of Must pass road test to advance to the Intermediate Stage (minimum Knowledge Test
driver education
husbandry or tractor on a provincial highway, or a highway within the
course
15-month Intermediate Stage). (Must wait 14 days for re-test). $10
municipal boundaries of a city, town, village or urban municipality. For
further information please call 204-9857000 or toll-free 1 800-665-2410.
Driver must hold a valid licence of any class and stage.
Must pass knowledge test. (Must wait seven days for re-tests.) Class 6 Road test
Medical report
$30
6
required when Must obtain Class 6 M Stage licence in order to complete motorcycle training
course. The course is required before Learner Stage Licence is issued. (Contact
Motorcycles. 16 requested.
Manitoba Safety Council for motorcycle course charges.)
Must meet Minimum nine-month Learner Stage. Knowledge Test
vision standards. Must pass road test to advance to the Intermediate Stage (minimum $10
15months Intermediate Stage). (Must wait 14 days for re-test.)
Endorsement
Air Brake Endorsementpermits the holder to drive vehicles Must pass Air Brake practical test for A (Authorized) endorsement.
$30
equipped with Air Brakes in the class of vehicle for which the Must pass adjustment of the manual slack adjusters for S
person is licensed. Drivers of a Class 3 truck registered as a farm (Slack Adjuster) endorsement. Knowledge Test
truck equipped with air brakes are exempt from this requirement. There is no additional charge for the Air Brake practical test if it is completed
at the same time you are road-tested for a higher class of licence.
$10
1. A bus is any vehicle with a seating capacity of at least 11 persons (including the driver) used primarily to carry passengers. It excludes vehicles used for personal transportation by the owner or with the owners permission. All charges are
2. School bus certificate is required. For further information contact the Manitoba Education, Training and Youth, Pupil Transportation at 204-9456900. subject to change.
3. Mopeds are not allowed to be driven on highways with a speed limit exceeding 80 km/h, but may cross these highways.
Basic Class 5 Licensing Requirements
Who must take a driver test A) Knowledge Test C) Road Test
You must take a driver test for the class of vehicle you wish to drive i) For a Class 5 licence: Before taking the test, you must register as a The Class 5 road test not only measures your ability to operate a Class 5
if you: Manitoba Public Insurance customer and provide proper identification vehicle, it also identifies errors that need to be corrected. You will be required
documents. The most convenient way to register is through an Autopac to operate your vehicle in typical traffic situations in a safe and legal manner.
have never been licensed for that class of vehicle; You will be judged on your driving skills. Only authorized Manitoba Public
agent as soon as possible. The test assesses your knowledge of traffic
have not held a Manitoba licence within the past four years; or laws, safe driving practices and recognition of road signs. (It is not an Insurance employees may ride with you during the test.
hold a licence from outside Canada, the United States or open book test; cellular phones or electronic devices cannot be used Please ensure you check in 15 minutes before your appointment time.
other jurisdictions whose licences are not exchangeable. during the test.) The test charge is $10 (subject to change) per test.* You must supply a vehicle in good working order and a Vehicle Registration
If you are in GDL and fail the knowledge test, there is a seven-day Certificate confirming the vehicle is properly registered and insured. The
You may be required to be re-tested if you: waiting period to retake it. Only one knowledge test per class of vehicle must have adequate seating for the driver examiner. Failure to do so
have been involved in traffic accidents or convictions; licence is allowed per day if you are outside of the GDL program will result in the cancellation of the road test and no refund of the test charge.
you are eligible to repeat a knowledge test the next working day. Road tests will not be conducted in heavy or agricultural equipment.
have had your licence suspended; or
If an applicant is under 18 years of age, parent or legal guardian approval Applicants for a drivers licence who have not held a drivers licence any time
have a disease or disability that may affect your ability to
is required to take the knowledge test. (See Forms section.) Driver prior to April 1, 2002, from any jurisdiction, are subject to a nine-month
drive safely.
education students under the age of 16 must provide a completed driver learning period before they are eligible to take a road test. Only one test
education form before taking the knowledge test for a drivers licence. per class of licence is allowed per day if you are outside of GDL you
Graduated Driver Licensing are eligible to repeat a road test the next working day. An applicant who
ii) After passing the knowledge test and meeting the visual and medical
Drivers who applied for their first Class 5 Drivers Licence on or after demonstrates dangerous driving during their road test may have to obtain
standards, in order to drive you will be required to purchase a licence for
April 1, 2002 are in the Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) Program and permission from the registrar before attempting another road test. If you are
$20 plus base driver premium charges of up to $45 (subject to change),
are subject to the GDL stages and restrictions. in GDL and fail the road test, there is a 14-day waiting period to retake it.
plus any applicable additional driver premium.
Manitoba Class 5 Drivers Licence Stages are: If you currently hold an out of country drivers licence or currently hold a
B) Visual and Medical Requirements
L Learner Stage (minimum 9 months)* Manitoba drivers licence higher than a Class 5L/5A or 6L/6A, and are taking
Applicants who fail to meet minimum vision standards, with or without a road test, a test failure will result in declassifying your drivers licence to a
I Intermediate Stage (minimum 15 months)**
corrective lenses, cannot obtain a drivers licence. If corrective lenses are Learner or Authorized Stage. This will require you to have a supervising driver
F Full Stage
required for driving, this will be indicated on your licence. Applicants with you when driving a motor vehicle.
*Supervising driver must be fully licensed driver for at least 36 months and have under who fail to meet the minimum medical or vision standards may have
.05 blood alcohol content. *Charges for Driver Education Program include one knowledge test.
their licence suspended until further information is filed. A vision and/or
**A driver is only required to complete the Intermediate Stage once. Therefore, time medical report may be required.
Change of name or address
served in the Intermediate Stage in Class 6 will be applied to the Intermediate Stage Before taking a knowledge test, an applicant for a drivers licence who has a You are required to notify your Autopac agent or Manitoba Public Insurance
in Class 5. disease or disability that may affect their ability to drive safely must inform within 15 days of any change in your name or address.
Medical Records, Box 6300, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3C 4A4, 2049851900 or
Application and test requirements toll free at 18666176676.
For more information please call us at:
2049857000 or toll-free at 18006652410.
An applicant for a Class 5 Learner Stage licence must be a minimum If a medical report is required, it must be approved by Medical Records before
of 16 years of age. At age 15 1/2, an applicant may apply for a Website: www.mpi.mb.ca
you can take the knowledge test or enrol in the driver education course.
Class 5 Learner Stage Licence if enrolled in a high school driver
Manitoba Health will not pay for third party requests for a medical
education course.
report including any related examinations, tests or telephone calls to
Consent of either a parent or legal guardian is required if the the physician. Applicants are responsible for these costs.
applicant is under 18 years of age.
How to Book Your Test Appointment
Winnipeg
*For cost, look under Key points *For cost, look under Key points
about your tests about your tests
2. With your test receipt, call 2. With your test receipt, call
9857788 up to eight weeks 9857788 up to eight weeks
in advance, for your test in advance, for your test
appointment at one of these appointment at one of these
test locations: test locations:
6 Drivers Handbook
Winnipeg
Drivers Handbook 7
Arborg, Beausejour, Brandon, Steinbach, Winkler
or at a Mobile Test Unit
8 Drivers Handbook
Key points about your tests
Drivers Handbook 9
Graduated Driver Licensing
Graduated Driver Licensing Class 5 Intermediate (I) Stage (Minimum 15 months)* Class 5 Full (F) Stage*
On January 1, 2003, Manitoba introduced a Graduated Driver Licensing To graduate to this stage, you must pass a road test. While in the After spending a minimum of 15 months in the Intermediate Stage,
Program (GDL) for Class 5 and 6 drivers licences. Drivers who applied for Intermediate Stage, you must follow these restrictions: you will graduate to the Full Stage. For the first 36 months you must
their first Class 5 or Class 6 drivers licence on or after April 1, 2002 are in continue to maintain zero blood alcohol content. You are eligible for
Maintain zero blood alcohol content
GDL and are subject to the GDL stages and restrictions. GDL is a three-stage a Full Class 14 drivers licence after passing appropriate tests, are at
licensing process that is designed to help new drivers, regardless of age, Restrict passengers between 5 a.m. to midnight to one passenger in least 18 years of age and meet medical standards. You may supervise
acquire the knowledge and skill needed to safely operate a motor vehicle. the front seat and passengers in the back seat(s) up to the number of novice drivers after three years in the Full Licence Stage.
Whether you are 16 or 60, GDL enables new drivers to gain experience functioning seat belts in the back seat of the vehicle
under conditions where the risk of having a collision is lower. Restrict passengers between midnight to 5 a.m. to either one passenger
The three stages of GDL are the Learner Stage, the Intermediate Stage and or a qualified supervising driver in the front seat and passengers in the * The law about blood alcohol content (BAC) changed in
the Full Stage. Each stage has specific restrictions on new drivers that will back seat(s) up to the number of functioning seat belts in the back seat December 2006.
reduce the opportunity and likelihood for them to engage in risky driving of the vehicle
If you entered GDL before the law changed:
behaviour. Drivers in the Intermediate Stage may tow vehicles, may operate a Class 3 you must have no alcohol in your blood for the first 12 months.
motor vehicle registered as a farm truck, and may operate off-road vehicles If you entered GDL after the law changed:
Class 5 Learner (L) Stage (Minimum 9 months) along or across highways. Drivers in the Intermediate Stage, if they are you must have no alcohol in your blood for the first 36 months.
The first licence for a new driver is a Learner Stage licence. To be eligible 18 or over and meet the vision and medical standards, may also apply for
to apply for a learner licence, you must be at least 16 years of age or a Authorized Instruction in licence Classes 14.
minimum of 15 years, six months if enrolled in a high school driver
*A driver is only required to complete the Intermediate Stage once. Therefore, time served
education course. Parental consent is required if you are under 18 years
in the Intermediate Stage in Class 5 will be applied to the Intermediate Stage in Class 6 and
of age. You must pass a knowledge test and meet the vision and medical
vice-versa.
standards.
Learner drivers must follow these restrictions:
Maintain zero blood alcohol content
Be accompanied by a qualified supervising driver as the only front seat
passenger. The supervising driver must have under .05 blood alcohol
content, must hold a valid licence and have held a Full Class 5 licence
for at least three years.
Restrict other passengers to the back seat(s) up to the number of
functioning seat belts in the back seat of the vehicle
No towing of vehicles
No operating of Class 3 motor vehicles registered as a farm truck
No operating of off-road vehicles along or across highways
Graduated Driver Licensing Class 5
Zero Blood Alcohol Content (bac) Restricted
Issue 5 L (Learner) Issue 5 I (Intermediate) Issue 5 F (Full)*
Minimum 9 months Minimum 15 months 36 months
Pass knowledge test Pass road test Graduate to Full Stage
Learner Stage Intermediate Stage* Full Stage
Minimum age 16 (15 1/@ if in a high school driver education course) Must pass Class 5 road test to enter this stage Zero Blood Alcohol Content restriction for first 36 months
Must pass knowledge test Minimum 15 months in this stage, excluding licence interruptions May upgrade to Full Class 14 after passing appropriate tests
Zero Blood Alcohol content May supervise after 3 years in Full stage
Minimum nine months in this stage, excluding licence
interruptions Passenger limits:
Zero Blood Alcohol content From 5 a.m. to midnight one passenger in the front seat and restricted
Only supervising driver as front seat passenger to the number of functioning seat belts in the rear of the vehicle
From midnight to 5 a.m. one passenger, or if any additional
Supervising driver must be fully licensed driver for at least 3 years
passengers, a supervising driver in the front seat and restricted to the
and be under .05 blood alcohol content
number of functioning seat belts in the rear of the vehicle
May carry passengers up to the number of functioning seat belts in
Towing permitted
the rear of the vehicle
May operate heavy and agricultural equipment
No towing permitted
May operate a Class 3 motor vehicle registered as a farm truck
May not operate a Class 3 motor vehicle registered as a farm truck * The law about blood alcohol content (BAC) changed in
May operate off-road vehicles along or across highway December 2006.
May not operate off-road vehicles along or across highway
May apply for Authorized Instruction in Class 14 if at least 18 years of If you entered GDL before the law changed:
May not obtain Authorized Instruction in Classes 14
age, and meet medical standards
you must have no alcohol in your blood for the first 12 months.
May operate heavy and agricultural equipment while accompanied
by a supervising driver If you entered GDL after the law changed:
* Time served in the Intermediate Stage in Class 6 will be applied to the
you must have no alcohol in your blood for the first 36 months.
Intermediate Stage in Class 5. Therefore a driver is only required to
complete the Intermediate Stage once.
Keep your licence valid!
The Manitoba drivers licence is valid for up to 5 years. The drivers licence charge and base driver If drivers in the Learner or Intermediate Stage do not keep their licence active, they will not earn credit
premium are assessed annually and due for payment on your anniversary date which is four months less for the period of time they are not licensed. If you own a vehicle, your Autopac will be renewed and
one day after your birthday e.g. if your birthday is September 21, your anniversary date is January 20. expire at the same time as your driver's licence.
Authorized Instruction (A) Stage (non-GDL Learner Stage)
An Authorized Instruction Stage applies to:
Drivers who held a learners licence prior to April 1, 2002;
Experienced drivers whose licence has been de-classed;
Experienced drivers transferring to Manitoba and requiring
driver examinations;
Drivers who are learning to operate Class 14 vehicles; or
Operators of heavy and agricultural equipment.
Drivers Handbook 11
Manitobas New One-Piece Drivers Licence
If you apply for a new drivers licence after January 11, 2010 you will
receive Manitobas new one-piece drivers licence. All Manitobans
will transition to the new one-piece drivers licence by February 2011.
During this transition period, some Manitobans will still have a
two-piece licence, while others will have the one-piece.
When you are issued a new Manitoba drivers licence, you will be provided
with a temporary drivers licence certificate (valid for up to 45 days).
You must carry your temporary drivers licence certificate with you at
all times until you receive your permanent drivers licence in the mail.
When you get your first drivers licence, you will be photographed at
your Autopac agent or at a Manitoba Public Insurance Service Centre.
Youll need a new photo every five years.
Drivers under the age of 18 years are issued Photo Cards that show the
exact date of the drivers eighteenth birthday.
12 Drivers Handbook
Renewals Last Five Years
After March 1, 2010, your licence could be valid for up to five years.
Youll still pay for your drivers licence each year. Well send you a
Statement of Account each year between renewals, to tell you how much
you owe. Changing everyone over to five-year renewals will take a few
years. Until the changeover is finished, your drivers licence may last
from one to five years.
Each year your licence will be reassessed. You will be required to pay for
your drivers licence every year on your anniversary date, which is four
months less a day after your birthday e.g. if your birthday is September 21
your anniversary date is January 20. If you are in the Learner or
Intermediate Stage and do not pay the assessed charges for your licence
by the anniversary date your licence will not be valid. You will not earn
credit for the period of time you are not licensed.
holding, at any time, more than one valid drivers licence from Canada
or the United States.
Drivers Handbook 13
Operating Heavy and Agricultural Equipment
A valid Class 5 Intermediate Stage licence or higher is required to operate
heavy and agricultural equipment on provincial highways and roads in
urban areas. These types of vehicles include tractors, self-propelled farm
equipment such as combines, and heavy equipment such as front-end
loaders, cranes, forklifts and graders. Provincial highways and urban
roads do not include rural municipal roads, service roads or winter
roads controlled or maintained by a local government, such as a
rural municipality.
14 Drivers Handbook
Seatbelts
All drivers and passengers must wear the complete seatbelt assembly,
where a seatbelt assembly is provided, unless exempted by law. Ensure
the seatbelt is worn properly. It must be snug over the shoulder and
across the hips. The seatbelt fabric must be flat and not twisted, and
is kept over the shoulder and not under the arm. It is the drivers
responsibility to ensure that every minor is properly secured.
No person shall operate a motor vehicle where the seatbelt assembly has
been removed or has been modified to reduce its eectiveness.
Vehicle accidents are the leading cause of the head injuries suered by
thousands of Manitobans every year. Seatbelts play a significant role in
reducing head injuries.
The infant seat is positioned to face the rear of the vehicle, is used in a
semi-reclined position and is fastened into the vehicle by the seatbelt to
prevent it from moving during an impact or sudden stop. In a collision,
the forces of impact are spread evenly across the strongest part of the
babys body and are absorbed into the back of the infant seat.
If your baby reaches the maximum weight limit of your infant car seat
before the age of one year, consider purchasing a convertible car seat
with a higher rear-facing weight limit. A convertible car seat is a rear
and forward-facing car seat all in one, and some models may be used in
the rear-facing position for infants up to 16 kg (35 pounds).
Drivers Handbook 15
Forward-Facing Child Car Seats
Forward-facing child car seats are to be used for children from the
time your child outgrows the rear facing seat at around a year old until
your child weighs 18 kg (40 pounds) and is about 4 years of age. These
seats must be anchored to the vehicle by a tether strap, which prevents
the seat from bending or pitching forward or sideways in a crash. The
tether strap is fastened to the top of the child restraint and hooks onto
an anchor bolt assembly, which is installed in the metal framework
of the vehicle. It must be installed exactly according to the child car
seat manufacturers instructions. Call your vehicle manufacturer
for information on anchor bolt installation or check the vehicle
manufacturers manual for the location of the anchor bolt holes in
your particular vehicle.
Booster Seats
Booster seats are for children who weigh between 18 and 36 kg
(4080 pounds) and are not yet ready for a regular lap or
shoulder/lap-belt. The booster seat is a restraining system for
holding the seatbelt in a position low and snug over the childs lap,
and the shoulder belt across the childs chest. Household booster
seats are not intended for use in vehicles, so check the compliance
label to ensure the seat you choose meets Canada Motor Vehicle
Safety Standards.
Children have outgrown the booster seat when they have reached height
and weight limit prescribed by the manufacturer. At this point, they
should begin wearing a shoulder/lap-belt combination.
Note: The safest place in a car to position any infant or child restraint
system is in the centre of the back seat.
Seatbelt Assembly
A child is ready to use the vehicle seatbelt system when they are between
8 and 12 years of age. Take the time to explain how to wear it. To be
eective in preventing injuries, lap and shoulder belts should always be
used if possible and worn snugly and as low on the hips as possible. The
shoulder harness should not lie across the childs face or neck. Never
put it under the childs arm, since this could crush the rib cage during
impact.
16 Drivers Handbook
Rear facing infant seat:
for infants to 10 kg (22 pounds).
Birth to around 1 year old.
Vehicle
lap belt
Drivers Handbook 17
Section 1
Safe and Legal
Driving Practices
1. Signs and Signals
Signs, signals and pavement markings help indicate the rules of the
road designed for the safe movement of vehicles, pedestrians and
cyclists. As a driver, you are required to know them. The shapes of signs
enable you to identify them in darkness, fading light, fog, rain or snow.
Triangle with the tip pointing down means you must yield
the right-of-way. Slow down and, if necessary, stop.
20 Drivers Handbook
Warning Signs
These signs warn of possible dangerous conditions immediately ahead.
Hidden
Steep hill ahead intersection
ahead
Drivers Handbook 21
Warning Signs
Low structure
clearance 4.1 m
Stop ahead
Railway crossing
advance warning.
Track position indicates
Deer crossing the angle the railway
area ahead tracks cross the road
Pavement ends
Roundabout
22 Drivers Handbook
Maximum recommended speed on
exit 40 km/h
Drivers Handbook 23
Construction and Maintenance Signs
These signs warn you of road construction and maintenance areas
ahead. Slow down to a safe speed. At some locations maximum speed
limits are posted.
Maximum speed
40 km/h when Detour ahead
meeting traffic
Maximum speed
60 km/h when Barricade ahead
passing workers
Construction area
Trucks entering
on the right
Flagperson ahead
Road work
Bump ahead
Pavement edge
drop-off
24 Drivers Handbook
Regulatory Signs
These signs regulate your driving, informing you about speed limits,
permitted turns, stopping and parking rules.
Maximum speed
90 km/h
Drivers Handbook 25
Regulatory Signs
Two-way traffic
Pedestrian Corridor
Overhead mounted
sign indicating that the
curb lane is reserved Do not enter
for buses and cyclists Except buses and cyclists
during the times shown
Snow Route
Slower traffic No stopping during a declared
keep right snow emergency
26 Drivers Handbook
Guide and Information Signs
These tell you where you are, what road you are on or how to get to
certain places. There are many dierent types of these signs, such as
service signs, location signs, route marker information and distance
signs. They vary in size and colour.
Eastbound Trans-
Hospital
Canada Highway
A indicates an
alternative route
that will return Camping site
to the route you
are on
Westbound
Provincial Trunk Travel Information
Highway
Southbound
Picnic site
Provincial Road
Cul-de-sac
(Dead end with
turnaround)
Stop for school bus
when signals flashing
Airport with
scheduled service
Drivers Handbook 27
Stop Signs
At a stop sign, you must come to a complete stop at the appropriate
places illustrated below. Before proceeding from a stopped position,
you must check and yield the right-of-way to pedestrians wanting to
cross the street. When pedestrians are clear, you may then slowly move
forward for a better view of trac and, when safe to do so, you may then
proceed to turn or cross the street.
28 Drivers Handbook
Yield Right-of-Way Signs
A yield sign means slow down as you near
an intersection. Check for pedestrians and
trac. If there is trac or pedestrians,
stop and yield right-of-way.
Green You may proceed, but you must yield the right-of-way to
pedestrians in the crosswalk and to other vehicles already in the
intersection. To turn left, you may enter the intersection on a green
light, but you must yield to pedestrians and oncoming trac, and you
may have to complete the turn during an amber or red light.
Horizontal Vertical
Drivers Handbook 29
Flashing Red Come to a complete stop, proceeding
only when safe.
30 Drivers Handbook
Transit Priority Signal
A signal light with a white vertical bar on a black
background allows transit buses to proceed before
other trac. Only public-transit vehicles (buses)
may proceed when the Transit Priority Signal is
shown, while other vehicles must remain stopped.
(The Transit Priority signal is always accompanied
by a steady red light).
Drivers Handbook 31
Pavement Markings
A solid line on the left of your lane means you must not pass or change
lanes. A broken line means you may pass or change lanes if safe both
front and rear. It is permissible to turn left over a single or double solid
line onto a public thoroughfare, private road or driveway.
Yellow lines
Yellow lines indicate traffic moving in opposite directions.
Broken line
Passing is permitted.
White lines
White lines indicate trac moving in the same direction.
Solid line
Lane changing is not permitted.
Broken line
Lane changing is permitted.
Stop line
You must stop before this line.
32 Drivers Handbook
No trac is permitted within Painted
Left-Turn Islands, which are commonly
used in rural areas to channel trac
into turning lanes.
Reserved Lanes
In some urban centres, to improve the safety and flow
of designated vehicles, certain trac lanes have been
reserved for their use only. Trac signs identify the
vehicles that the lanes are reserved for. The reserved
lanes are marked by double broken lines and white
diamond patterns.
34 Drivers Handbook
2. Starting from a Parked Position,
Lane Changing, Curves and Turning
Starting Out
Steering Hand Position
Most vehicles are equipped with power steering and adjustable steering
wheels that make operating the vehicle easier and more comfortable
for the driver. It is recommended that the steering wheel be held with
your hands at the 9 oclock and 3 oclock position. This will allow for
good control and, in the event of an accident and the vehicle is equipped
with an air bag, it will inflate without injuring or being obstructed by
the drivers arms. The driver of a vehicle should never turn the steering
wheel with one hand (palming the wheel) or with one finger as they
may not have full control of the vehicle.
Accelerator
To set a vehicle in motion, you have to accelerate smoothly and gradually
to avoid jerking the vehicle. The drivers foot should lie flat on the
accelerator with the heel on the floor. For optimal engine performance,
the driver should avoid abruptly applying and releasing the accelerator.
Drivers should accelerate slowly and steadily when starting from a stop.
By doing this, drivers have more control over the vehicle. If the vehicle
is over accelerated particularly on poor or slippery road surfaces, the
wheels can lose traction and could cause loss of control.
Automatic Transmission
Many vehicles have transmissions that change gears automatically in
response to speed and acceleration, by means of mechanical, electrical
or hydraulic controls.
Drivers of such vehicles can also shift down to a lower gear for increased
braking power when descending a hill. Downshifting prevents the
transmission from automatically changing into a higher gear, keeping
the vehicle speed slower. This can be very helpful in keeping the
vehicles brakes cooler as they will not have to be used as often when
descending a steep hill.
Drivers Handbook 35
This is an example of how the gears on an automatic transmission could
be used:
P (park): for starting the engine, stopping for an extended length of
time and parking.
N (neutral): for starting the engine, disengages the engine from the
drive wheels.
R (reverse): for backing up (bring the vehicle to a complete stop before
changing from a forward gear to reverse and vice versa).
D (drive) or 25: for normal forward driving conditions.
23/24: lower gears for driving with heavy loads.
2: for driving on slippery surfaces or up or down steep inclines.
1: for driving very slowly when o the highway.
It is at this friction point that the driver must coordinate the further
release of the clutch pedal with the use of the gas pedal to achieve a
smooth shift and prevent engine stalling.
Having the ignition switch in the o position, you can practice moving
the gear shift lever into its various positions until you are sure of the
locations and can find each gear without looking.
36 Drivers Handbook
When starting the engine of a vehicle equipped with a manual
transmission, your selector lever should be in the neutral position and
your clutch pedal should be fully depressed.
Once you have the vehicle in motion and have completed shifting gears,
be sure to remove your foot from the clutch pedal. Leaving your foot on
the clutch pedal unnecessarily is called riding the clutch and can cause
excessive clutch wear.
When you are required to brake or come to a stop, you should avoid
depressing the clutch too soon to avoid coasting to your stop.
When turning corners, be sure that your vehicle is in the proper gear for
the speed at which you are turning.
Clutch
The clutch makes it possible to disengage the transmission and the
engine. By pressing the clutch pedal, the connection is broken between
these two components, allowing the driver to change gears. The clutch
pedal must be pressed with the left foot and held to move the gear lever.
Avoid releasing the clutch too quickly. This can damage components
leaving the vehicle inoperable. Also, do not let the clutch out too
slowly or release it only enough to hold the vehicle from rolling on
a hill when stopped. This will cause the clutch to heat excessively and
wear out prematurely.
Drivers Handbook 37
Starting
Before starting out from a parked position on a street, the driver must
first turn on the signal furthest from the curb or use the appropriate
hand signal and then shoulder check before moving. This warns drivers
about to turn into that lane that the parked car intends to move from a
parked position. These cars have sometimes been struck by other cars
whose drivers were surprised by the parked car suddenly moving.
Lane Changing
Before changing lanes, check your rearview mirror for trac and signal
your intention to move to the right or left. Check blind spots by shoulder
checking before changing lanes. Move into another lane only when
safe. When changing across multiple lanes, it is acceptable to make one
shoulder check and signal to change over a number of lanes at one time,
as long as the movement can be completed safely. If you must use mirrors
only to check to the side and rear (unable to shoulder check) you can only
change one lane at a time.
Remember:
Blind Spots
1. With the inside
C rearview mirror:
B You can see A.
You cant see B or C.
A
B C a shoulder check:
You can see A.
You can see B.
You can see C.
A
38 Drivers Handbook
Hand Signals
If your vehicle signals dont work, use these hand signals:
Left Turn
Left arm extended straight out
Right Turn
Left arm out and bent upwards
Stop
Left arm extended out and bent downwards
Curves
Slow down before entering a curve and avoid braking in the curve. If you
do enter a curve too fast, dont jam on the brakes; instead, apply them
carefully to keep control. When entering a left-hand curve, steer toward,
but not over, the centre of the road, and when entering a right-hand
curve, steer toward the right side of the road.
Beware of drivers who may have strayed into part of your lane.
2. Once you are in the proper lane, signal at least 30 m before the turn.
Outside cities, towns or villages, signal at least 150 m before turning.
Drivers Handbook 39
Right Turns
Right turns must be made from the right lane nearest the curb into
the right lane nearest the curb of the other road, unless it is blocked
within 30 m of the intersection. In that case, you can turn into the next
lane nearest the right if no other trac is approaching in that lane
(i.e., a vehicle coming from the opposite direction also turning onto
that street).
Parked car
40 Drivers Handbook
Making Right Turns Correctly
Parked
car
Wait here
until the car
has passed
Figure A Figure B
Drivers Handbook 41
Making Right Turns on Highways in High-Speed Areas
On highways outside towns and villages, solid white pavement markings
identify the edge of the road, and the area to the right of this line is
identified as the shoulder. The shoulder may be gravel or pavement. Do
not drive on shoulders as they are intended as a safe place for stopped or
disabled vehicles. A careful driver, however, should make a reasonable
eort to get o the travel lanes as quickly as possible when turning right
while being followed by high-speed through vehicles.
42 Drivers Handbook
Left Turns
Left turns are more dangerous than right turns because of oncoming
trac. Dierent types of streets require dierent left turn procedures.
Only make a left turn when it is legal and safe.
When approaching the intersection, check for signs that may prohibit or
restrict turns. Before making a left turn, enter the proper lane well before
the intersection.
When approaching the intersection, signal for the turn and watch for:
if you will not be able to clear the intersection because trac is backed
up in the lane you wish to enter; or
for trac coming from left and right (watch for vehicles attempting to
race the amber light).
When it is safe, move ahead to just before the centre of the intersection
and just to the right of the directional oncoming line.
Drivers Handbook 43
Making Left Turns on a Green Light
Once established in the intersection you may clear the intersection when
it is safe and if:
there is no pedestrian trac crossing the lanes you wish to turn into;
there is a break in trac big enough to complete your turn safely
without interfering with oncoming vehicles; or
no other vehicles are approaching.
If the light turns yellow or red while you are established in the
intersection, watch for trac slowing down to stop and complete your
turn when it is safe. Always be alert to drivers attempting to race an
amber light (if you are not already established in the intersection, you
must not attempt the left turn when the light changes from green).
Established
(wait here until
safe to complete
left turn)
44 Drivers Handbook
Making Left Turns from Two-Way onto another Two-Way Street
Well ahead of the turn, look for any following vehicles, signal and
move close to the centre line.
Slow down and look both ways before starting turn.
Enter the intersection to the right of the directional dividing line.
Make your turn to the left of the centre of the intersection.
If turning onto a four-lane highway outside a city, town or village,
move to the right after completing the turn, if trac permits.
Drivers Handbook 45
Making Left Turns When Two Lanes Can Turn
Complete this turn the same as any other turn except when two lanes
are allowed to turn left at the same time. The vehicle closest to the
median must complete the turn and stay in the lane closest to the
median on the street being turned onto. The vehicle second from the
median must turn into the second lane from the median on the street
being turned onto. When turning with vehicles beside you that are also
turning, watch for vehicles that may not stay in their own lane and be
prepared to avoid them.
46 Drivers Handbook
Making Left Turn from a Street with a Stop sign onto a Street
with a Boulevard
Check trac and when there is no trac coming from the left or
trac turning in front of you and it is safe, proceed. If trac is
approaching from the right establish your vehicle in the intersection.
Complete your turn when it is safe, to the left of the centre of the
intersection in the boulevard area.
Drivers Handbook 47
Making Left Turns from One-Way onto another One-Way Street
Signal well ahead of the turn and, when safe, move into the far left
lane of the street.
Slow down and begin your left turn after checking for trac.
Turn into the lane closest to the left curb unless blocked within 30 m
of the intersection.
Unless otherwise indicated, you may turn left from a one-way street to
a one-way street on a red trac light, after stopping and yielding the
right-of-way to pedestrians and other trac.
48 Drivers Handbook
Making Left Turns from One-Way onto Two-Way Street
Signal well ahead of the turn and, when safe, move into the left lane
closest to the left curb unless blocked within 30 m of the intersection.
Slow down and begin the left turn from a point as close as possible to
the left curb or edge of the roadway.
When entering the two-way street, turn into the lane immediately to
the right of the centre line.
Drivers Handbook 49
Making Left Turns from Two-Way onto One-Way Street
Signal and, when safe, move into the lane next to the centre line in
preparation for the turn.
Slow down before entering the intersection, check for trac ahead and
to the right and, when safe, begin the turn.
Turn from the lane next to the centre line into the lane nearest the left
curb unless it is blocked within 30 m of the intersection.
50 Drivers Handbook
Making Left Turns onto Driveways and Lanes
To make a left turn onto a driveway or back lane, signal and move into
the proper lane before turning left.
U-Turns
Although under certain situations it is legal to make a U-turn, we advise
against it unless it is at an intersection controlled by a U-turn trac
signal. Instead, in cities, you should go around the block to change
directions. In rural areas, continue ahead until you can turn onto a side
road from which you can then make a regular turn onto the highway in
the desired direction. With the higher speeds prevailing on highways, it
is extremely dangerous to make a U-turn.
Drivers Handbook 51
Roundabouts
When approaching a roundabout you will see this roundabout sign.
52 Drivers Handbook
3. Driving Responsibly
Speed
A safe speed allows you to stop safely in emergency situations. Unless
otherwise posted, the maximum speed limit is 90 km/h in rural areas
and 50 km/h in urban areas. Poor driving conditions will require you to
drive more slowly.
Driving safely can also mean not driving too slowly. You should not
drive at such a slow speed that you hold back or block the normal and
reasonable flow of trac. At no time should you exceed the posted
maximum speed limit.
Following Safely
You are automatically at fault if your vehicle rear-ends another
because you are responsible for maintaining a safe following distance
one which provides you with sucient time to stop in an emergency.
If you are being followed too closely, slow down gradually to give the
driver time to react and avoid being struck from behind.
Drivers Handbook 53
Passing
Care must be taken when passing because it is extremely dicult to
judge the speed of approaching vehicles. You might think you have plenty
of time and distance to pass, but dont forget you are closing the gap
between you and the approaching vehicle at twice your own rate of speed
and sometimes by more than that.
Once the vehicle you have passed is visible in your rearview mirror,
check your blind spot on the right, signal to the right, and return to the
proper lane.
When being passed, slow down and move as close as possible to the right
side of the road.
54 Drivers Handbook
No-Zone Around Large Vehicles
Big trucks have big blindspots and to stay safe, you should avoid
them. The No-Zone refers to blindspot areas around big trucks, where
collisions are more likely to occur.
Rear
Trucks have deep rear blindspots. A truck driver cant see you if youre in
this No-Zone especially if youre tailgating. If you cant see the truck
mirrors, the driver cant see you. Stay well back of big trucks to avoid a
rear-end collision.
Side
Trucks have large blindspots on both sides. If you stay in these
blindspots, that can mean trouble if the truck driver decides to
change lanes.
Front
Truck drivers sit up high, and the hood of the cab obscures part of the
road ahead. When you pass a big truck, make sure you can see the entire
truck cab in your rear-view mirror before pulling in front. When cars cut
in too soon, then abruptly slow down, truck drivers are forced to react
with little time or room to spare.
Backing
Never pass close behind a truck that is preparing to back up or is in the
process of backing up. Most trailers are 21 /@ m wide, and completely hide
objects behind them.
Wide Turns
Truck drivers must sometimes swing wide to the left in order to make a
right turn. They cant see cars directly behind or beside them. If you cut
in between the truck and the right curb, you might cause a collision.
No-Zone
6m 60 m
No-Zone No-Zone
No-Zone
Drivers Handbook 55
Entering and Leaving an Expressway
Entering
Rear-end collisions are the leading type of accidents at entrances to
expressways. Not only do you face the possibility of being rear-ended
by trac behind you in the entrance lane or on the expressway, you
might rear-end a vehicle while your attention is focused on trac in the
expressway. The following advice will help minimize the risk of
rear-end collisions:
1. As you enter the entrance lane, adjust your speed to match trac and
keep plenty of space between you and the vehicle ahead, so that you
and the vehicle behind you will have more time and distance to stop
in an emergency.
If youre not entirely sure if youll have to slow down or stop, touch
your brakes lightly to alert drivers behind that you may have to do so.
The place to stop is just before the entrance of the merge lane.
3. Use the merge lane to match your speed with expressway trac, so as
to merge without having to stop. If you stop at the end of the entrance
lane, you sharply increase the risk of being struck from behind.
1. Plan
56 Drivers Handbook
Leaving
1. Give yourself plenty of time to move over to the lane closest to the exit.
(Follow the instructions given earlier for making lane changes.)
2. Maintain your speed until you are completely in the exit ramp,
and then slow down smoothly to whatever speed is posted or to the
prevailing speed in the exit ramp (whichever is slower).
*If you pass your exit on an expressway, never stop to back up.
Continue on to the next exit.
Right-of-Way
Uncontrolled Intersections
When two vehicles approach an intersection with no trac signals or
signs, both must slow down. The vehicle on the left must always yield
the right-of-way to the vehicle on the right. Nevertheless, the driver
with the right-of-way must still exercise proper care and attention to
avoid a collision.
Funeral Processions
Drivers of vehicles in a funeral procession with lighted headlights and
following a lead car may, if trac conditions and local bylaws permit,
go through a red light or stop sign with caution. The drivers of all other
vehicles must yield the right-of-way to the procession.
The lead car in the funeral procession may be equipped with a flashing
amber light.
Drivers Handbook 57
Emergency Vehicles
An emergency vehicle, when responding to an emergency call, will
sound an alarm and use flashing lights. The alarm may be a horn,
gong, bell or siren. The lights may consist of any of the following:
a flashing red light, flashing red and blue lights or alternating
flashing headlights.
Note: On one-way streets, pull right or left to the nearest curb so as not
to block the emergency vehicle.
Pull over
and stop for
emergency
vehicles
58 Drivers Handbook
School Buses
Whenever you approach a school bus with flashing lights or other
warning device, whether you are approaching it from the front or rear,
you must stop at least 5 m from the bus and remain stopped until the
signal is turned o or the bus starts moving again.
You need not stop when approaching a school bus from the opposite
direction of a divided highway, providing there is a physical separation
such as a median between the two roads. However, you must slow
down and watch out for children. A double solid line is not a
physical separation.
5m
5m
You must stop your vehicle not less than 5 m from the bus
when approaching from either direction.
Drivers Handbook 59
Transit Buses
The largest number of accidents involving transit buses result from
vehicles rear-ending the bus, either in the bus stop location, or at
intersections. Be aware of their travel and maintain a safe following/
stopping distance.
Buses are wider than most cars and light trucks, and consequently, they
occupy more roadway space. Buses operate on a wide variety of street
types, including residential streets and busy downtown streets. When
exiting a parked vehicle, shoulder check before opening your door to
avoid contacting a passing bus or other large vehicle.
60 Drivers Handbook
Transit Bus Situation #1
When making a right turn, it must be done in the extreme right lane.
Making a right turn from the second lane in front of a transit bus not
only places you at risk of being struck if the bus pulls away, but is also
illegal. Pull behind and wait until the bus completes loading, unloading
and pulls away from the stop or intersection.
If the bus has its hazard lights activated and is sitting a short distance
from the intersection, communicate your intentions by signaling and
tapping your horn prior to pulling around the front of the bus.
Drivers Handbook 61
Transit Bus Situation #2
There are numerous locations where the stop line of an intersection
is set back farther than normal from the crosswalk. This is to
accommodate large vehicles such as trucks and transit buses being able
to physically negotiate the turn.
62 Drivers Handbook
Transit Bus Situation #3
At many times, there may be passengers standing on transit buses.
Please drive cautiously around transit buses and be aware that they carry
standing passengers.
If you are driving in this area, the bus operator may not see you.
Drivers Handbook 63
Transit Bus Situation #5
Transit buses are given special turning privileges at certain identified
intersections. Be aware of these locations and watch for buses turning
with you.
64 Drivers Handbook
Railway Crossings
The signs below indicate a railway crossing ahead. Slow down, check
to the right and left along the angle of the track shown in the sign,
and proceed only when safe.
The actual crossing is marked by a railway crossing sign.
When approaching railway crossings, check both ways for trains and
remember that they always have the right-of-way.
When stopping at a crossing, keep at least 5 m away from the nearest
rail in a restricted speed area and at least 15 m away in a non-restricted
speed area. (A restricted speed area means any area within a city, town or
village. It also includes any municipality or part of a municipality or any
highway or portion of a highway designated by The Highway Trac Board.)
If you see a train approaching, be prepared to stop. Most motorists
seriously misjudge the speed of trains, commonly believing theyre
travelling much slower than they actually are or incorrectly assuming
that trains must slow down at railway crossings.
Since most railway crossings do not have electronic signals warning
you when to stop, the most important rule to recognize is that trains
automatically have the right-of-way at all railway crossings. In other
words, at railway crossings, the safety of you and your passengers
depends entirely on you, the driver.
Drivers Handbook 65
It is illegal to:
Drivers may cross a railway crossing when the warning lights are
flashing if:
the vehicle is brought to a complete stop;
If there is any doubt, stop and wait for the train to cross or the
warning lights to stop flashing.
66 Drivers Handbook
4. Pedestrian Safety
Crosswalks
Pedestrians have the right-of-way at both marked and
unmarked crosswalks.
As a Driver
You must stop and yield the right-of-way to pedestrians who are about to
cross, unless they are on the opposite side of a divided highway separated
by a median. A double solid line is not a physical separation.
Crosswalk Signs
School Pedestrian
Crosswalk Crosswalk
Sign Sign
Drivers Handbook 67
As a Pedestrian
The Walking Figure
This indication permits you to leave the curb and enter the
roadway. For reasons of eciency, this indication is only
displayed for a relatively short period of time.
68 Drivers Handbook
Pedestrian Safety Tips
The pedestrian signals give you certain rights while you are in an
intersection. However, they will not protect you from careless motorists.
It is therefore important to be cautious when crossing busy intersections
and to follow these safety tips:
Do not leave the curb unless you are sure that approaching vehicles on
the cross street have stopped or will stop.
Cross the street as quickly as possible.
Always watch for turning vehicles.
Do not leave the curb when the Walking Figure is not displayed.
Always activate the pedestrian push button if there is one present.
Do not cross at places where a pedestrian prohibited sign is posted.
Pedestrian
Prohibited
Pedestrian Corridors
These feature large, illuminated overhead signs, with alternating
flashing amber lights on top. Large rectangular bars are painted on
the crossing.
As a Driver
It is illegal to pass trac ahead of you that is slowing down or has
stopped for pedestrians.
Make sure the pedestrians have safely crossed the street or have safely
reached the median of a divided roadway before proceeding.
No parking or stopping is allowed within 15 m of a pedestrian corridor.
Drivers Handbook 69
It is illegal to pass traffic that has slowed down or stopped
for a pedestrian.
As a Pedestrian
You should signal your intention to cross a pedestrian corridor by
pushing the control button to activate the warning lights (if available)
and also by extending your arm forward. Do not begin to cross unless
trac has stopped or is a safe distance away.
Blind Persons
Whenever you see a blind person near a roadway, drive carefully and be
prepared to stop. Often, a blind or partially blind person will raise their
cane when uncertain of crossing the street safely. That is your signal
to stop and give them the right-of-way. Learn to recognize a guide dog
by its special harness which allows the person to hold on firmly. Dont
startle the animal by racing your engine or honking your horn.
If you drive a hybrid vehicle there may be no sound from your engine to
let a blind person know that you are nearby. Exercise extreme caution in
this situation.
70 Drivers Handbook
Watch for members of the school safety patrol. Children are
near the roadway.
Watch for school safety patrols because they indicate that children
are nearby. The patrols are easily recognized by their blaze orange
vests. They play an extremely important role in directing children
across streets.
Drivers Handbook 71
5. Cyclist Safety
As a driver you should:
Take extra caution as some cyclists may not know or follow all the
trac safety rules.
Recognize that every person operating a bicycle upon a highway
(roadway) has the same rights and duties as a driver of a motor vehicle,
motorcycle or moped.
Never turn right without checking for cyclists coming up close to the
right curb. They could hit your vehicle if you turn in front of them.
Never turn left in front of a cyclist unless you have plenty of time and
distance to do so safely.
Always allow plenty of room between your vehicle and the bicycle
before passing a cyclist.
Be careful when opening your doors, since cyclists often ride close to
parked cars.
Always dim your lights when approaching an oncoming cyclist.
At night you cant depend on cyclists to have lights and reflectors,
so be prepared at all times.
Cycling
Prohibited
72 Drivers Handbook
Cyclist Signals
Remember: Many children fail to signal, so always be extra cautious
when approaching young cyclists. Their lives are in your hands.
Starting Stopping
or
Drivers Handbook 73
6. Backing Up
Before backing up, check for anyone or anything behind you,
particularly children who may be too small to be in your direct line of
vision. With your foot on the brake, put the vehicle in reverse. If you are
reversing straight back or to the right, look over your right shoulder; if
reversing to the left, look over your left shoulder. Take your foot o the
brake and, if youre turning as you reverse, ensure that you dont strike
anything to the sides.
Signal
Turn on your right signal before slowing down unless there are vehicles
waiting to enter the road from side roads or driveways between you and
your stopping point. (Position 1 see diagram on next page.) Wait
until you have passed these entrances so that drivers will not think you
are turning.
74 Drivers Handbook
Speed
Gradually reduce speed. In a vehicle with a manual transmission, you
may down shift into a lower gear as you slow down. Do not coast with
your foot on the clutch pedal.
1
2
Position
Stop so you are parallel to the curb and not more than 45 cm away.
(Position 2) Where there is no curb stop as far as possible o the
travelled part of the road. Do not stop where you will block an entrance,
an intersection or other trac.
Traffic Check
Check your mirrors and shoulder check to the right before starting the
turn. Wait until the way is clear. Each time you stop while turning,
check trac in both directions.
Signal
Turn your right signal or four-way flasher on.
Turn Around
With the steering wheel turned sharply right, reverse your vehicle
slowly and smoothly, backing into the lane or driveway. (Position 3)
Back up far enough so you can have a clear view of the roadway and are
behind the sidewalk and stop. Turn your left signal on shifting to a
forward gear, turn your steering wheel to the left and make sure that
you check in both directions, then move your vehicle into the trac
lane. (Position 4)
Speed
Return to normal trac speed by accelerating smoothly to blend with
the trac around you. In light trac accelerate moderately. In heavier
trac you may have to accelerate more quickly. In a vehicle with a
manual transmission shift gears as you increase your speed.
Drivers Handbook 75
Three Point Turn Around on a Dead End Street
Traffic Check
Before slowing down, check trac in front
and behind you. Check your blind spot before
pulling over to the right side of the road to stop.
3
2
Signal
Turn on your right signal before slowing down.
1
Speed
Gradually reduce speed. In a vehicle with a
manual transmission, you may down shift into
a lower gear as you slow down. Do not coast with your foot on the
clutch pedal.
Position
Stop so you are parallel to the curb and not more than 45 cm away.
Where there is no curb, stop as far as possible o the travelled part of the
road. Do not stop where you will block an entrance, an intersection or
other trac. (Position 1)
Traffic Check
Check your mirrors and shoulder check to the left just before starting
the turn. Wait until the way is clear. Each time you stop while turning,
check trac in both directions.
Signal
Turn on your left signal before starting to turn.
Turn Around
With the steering wheel turned sharply left, move slowly and smoothly
across the road. When you have reached the far left side of the road, stop
and put your vehicle in reverse. With the steering wheel turned sharply
right, move in reverse so the vehicle is facing in the new direction.
(Position 2) Stop and shift into forward gear to drive ahead. Use the
whole road to make your turn, reversing only once. Do not reverse over
the edge or shoulder of the road or onto the curb. (Position 3)
Speed
Return to normal trac speed by accelerating smoothly to blend with
the trac around you. In light trac accelerate moderately. In heavier
trac you may have to accelerate more quickly. In a vehicle with a
manual transmission, shift gears as you increase your speed.
76 Drivers Handbook
7. Parking
Parallel Parking
1. Check your mirrors for trac. Dont stop suddenly if a car is
close behind you. Signal your stop by flashing your brake lights
approximately three times or by using a hand signal and then turn
on your right signal. Drive alongside Car B about one metre away.
Stop when your cars (Car A) rear bumper is even with the rear
bumper of Car B.
B C
2. When you have checked your mirrors and blind spots and you are
sure the way is clear, start backing into the space very slowly. As you
reverse, you should steer sharply to the right until your car is at a
45 degree angle from the curb. Watch for vehicles passing you. Stop
when your steering wheel is in line with the rear bumper of Car B.
B C
3. Straighten the wheels and continue to back into the space, the turn
signal can be turned o. Stop when the right end of your front bumper
is in line with, and past, the rear bumper of Car B.
B C
A
Drivers Handbook 77
4. Turn the steering wheel sharply to the left as you continue to back
slowly. Make sure the front of your vehicle does not hit the parked
vehicle ahead. Your right rear wheel should be close to the curb.
Stop the car.
B A C
5. Put the car into forward gear. Turning the steering wheel to the
right as you do so, drive slowly forward. This should bring your
car parallel to and not more than 45 cm away from the curb.
Stop the car when it is centred between Cars B and C.
B A C
78 Drivers Handbook
Backing Skill Test
During the road test, applicants will be required to demonstrate their
ability to back up their vehicle. This will be done by successfully backing
a vehicle within a space measuring approximately 1.85 m by 7.5 m as
outlined by testing poles.
During the road test applicants will be asked to stop before the backing
area to be given an explanation of the test. You will have three attempts
to complete this portion of the test, each attempt consists of three
movements of the vehicle (backwards, forward and then backward again).
At this point the vehicle must be parked satisfactorily. The vehicle cannot
touch any of the poles, drive over the curb, the tires can touch the curb,
but not drive over it, drive between the poles representing the front or the
back of a vehicle, or commit a dangerous act such as backing up or moving
forward while a car is passing close by. If any of these situations happen,
it is considered an automatic failure of the road test.
Drivers Handbook 79
Angle Parking
This type is commonly used in parking lots, shopping centres and, in
some communities, on very wide streets.
80 Drivers Handbook
Parking on a Hill or Incline
Vehicles with automatic transmission should be placed in the Park
position. Vehicles with manual transmission should be placed in reverse
or low gear. In both cases, always set your parking brake firmly.
Downhill parking turn the wheels toward the curb so the position
of the wheel will help hold the car.
Up
Down
Without curb.
Turn wheels to right.
Up or
Down
Drivers Handbook 81
Parking Pointers
Always look for trac before opening a vehicle door.
By law you may leave your vehicle unattended when the motor is
running only for reasons such as warming the vehicle and defrosting
the windshield. It is recommended that you have a spare key and you
lock your door if you leave the vehicle. Utility and delivery service
vehicles are exempt from this law.
When leaving from a parked position, signal, and wait until it is
safe before pulling out.
Illegal Parking
It is illegal to park:
on a sidewalk;
across the entrance to any driveway, back lane or intersection;
within 3 m from the point on the curb or edge of the roadway
immediately opposite a fire hydrant;
on a crosswalk or within 3 m of a crosswalk;
within 15 m of a pedestrian corridor;
within 9 m of a stop sign or other trac sign or signal posted
at an intersection;
within 30 m of the nearest rail of a railway crossing, unless
otherwise posted;
within 6 m of a driveway entrance to a fire station, unless
otherwise posted;
on a roadway beside another vehicle that is already parked;
at a curve on the highway outside a city, town or village, when
the vehicle cannot be clearly seen from at least 60 m in each
direction upon the highway; or
in such a manner that it becomes a hazard or that is contrary to
any section of The Highway Trac Act or any municipal bylaw.
82 Drivers Handbook
8. Vehicle Equipment
As a driver, you are responsible for ensuring that your vehicle is
safe to drive. Vehicles should be thoroughly checked at least twice
a year. A police ocer can order you to have defective equipment
repaired immediately. If you fail to comply, your vehicle registration
may be suspended until a qualified mechanic certifies the defects have
been repaired.
Required Equipment
The following equipment must be in safe working condition:
Brakes
Brakes must be able to stop passenger vehicles travelling at 30 km/h
within 7.6 m. Other motor vehicles, such as trucks and vans under
4,540 kg, must be able to stop within 9 m. All brakes should be
periodically checked and, if necessary, adjusted.
Drivers Handbook 83
Lights
All motor vehicles, except motorcycles, must have:
From two to four headlights, including a high beam and low beam
on each side, in good working order. Vehicles must also have a high-
beam indicator light. When operating your vehicle, headlights must be
switched on 1 /@ hour before sunset until 1 /@ hour after sunrise and when
visibility is reduced to 60 m. A recommended safe driving practice is
to drive with headlights on all the time.
Every motor vehicle (except motorcycles and mopeds) manufactured on
or after December 1, 1989, must be equipped with functional daytime
running lights. For motorcycles and mopeds, model year 1975 or later,
a headlamp must be on at all times when being operated.
Turn signals amber or white lights at the front, red or amber lights
at the rear. Motorcycles of the model or make of the year 1974 or earlier
and mopeds are not required to be equipped with signal lights. Trailers
require signal lights on the rear only.
At least two rear red lights or, for vehicles dated 1967 or earlier, at least
one rear red light.
Passenger cars manufactured after 1986 must be equipped with one
functional centre high-mounted stop light, in addition to the regular
stop lights.
One white light for the rear number plate.
If a trailer is attached, at least one red light on the rear plus a stop
light. Towed vehicles whose width exceeds 2.05 m (except passenger
cars) must have clearance lights and reflectors at the front and rear.
All vehicles that have a load extending 1 m or more past the rear of the
vehicle must have a red flag clearly visible at the end of the load during
daylight, and a red light or reflector at the end of the load at night.
Tires
To maximize the safety and life of your tires:
Use tires of the same construction and size. Your owners manual
should inform you which is best for your vehicle.
Using an accurate tire pressure gauge, check the air pressure of your
tires at least twice a month and after long trips. The best time to
inflate tires is when they are cool.
84 Drivers Handbook
Check your owners manual to determine if and when you should
rotate tires.
Always replace tires when the tread is less than 1.6 mm. After
replacing tires, have the wheels balanced.
Studded tires are illegal between April 30 and October 1.
Mirrors
All motor vehicles must be equipped with a mirror, providing a clear rear
view. Vehicles such as vans, buses, trucks, campers, cars pulling trailers
and other vehicles must have outside mirrors on the right and left sides.
Extended mirrors must be removed when a trailer is not being towed.
Horn
All motor vehicles must have a horn that can be heard for at least 60 m.
A horn should be sounded only when necessary.
Drivers Handbook 85
Windshield Wipers and Washers
Front windows must have windshield wipers in good working condition
and every motor vehicle dating from 1971 (except motorcycles or mopeds)
must have a functioning windshield washer with the fluid container
topped up as necessary.
Muffler
All motor vehicles must have a muer capable of preventing excessive
noise. A leaky muer can cause carbon monoxide poisoning. It is
illegal to use a muer cut-out, straight exhaust, gutted muer,
hollywood muer, bypass or any device that reduces the eectiveness
of a noise muer.
Bumper
Every passenger car must have a bumper at the front and rear.
Suspension
It is illegal to raise or lower the original suspension of a passenger car.
Other Equipment
Oil Pressure Gauge
This gauge shows if there is sucient oil pressure to motor parts where
it is needed.
Temperature Gauge
This gauge shows the temperature of the engine. Do not continue
to operate the vehicle if this gauge shows a high temperature.
Ammeter/Voltmeter
This gauge shows when the battery is being charged or discharged.
Fuel Gauge
This gauge identifies the amount of fuel left in the fuel tank.
Warning Light
Most vehicles are equipped with warning lights to notify the driver
of problems with certain operating systems on the vehicle. If a light
is illuminated consult your vehicle operating manual.
Air Bags
Air bags are built into steering wheels, dashboards and in the sides of
some vehicles. They launch automatically when there is a very fast
deceleration such as a crash. They give drivers and passengers extra
protection, especially during head on and side impact crashes.
86 Drivers Handbook
9. Poor Driving Conditions
You are responsible for keeping full control of your vehicle at all times,
even under poor driving conditions.
Reduced Visibility
By law, while driving a vehicle, you are required to switch on headlights
1 /@ hour before sunset until 1 /@ hour after sunrise and when visibility is
reduced to 60 m.
Drivers Handbook 87
If driving at a greatly reduced speed, turn your hazard/emergency flashing
lights on. This will make you more visible and warn other drivers that you
are travelling at a reduced rate of speed.
Be prepared for emergency stops. If the visibility becomes so poor that you
can barely see, cautiously pull o the pavement and stop. Wait until
visibility improves.
Night Driving
One of the major reasons why driving at night is more dangerous than
driving during the day is that you cannot see as far. Never drive so fast that
you cant stop within the distance you can see ahead with your lights. That
means driving slower than usual, since under normal conditions you can
see only 30 m ahead on low beam and 110 m ahead on high beam.
Reduce your speed until your eyes have recovered from the glare.
Check your lights regularly so the low beams reveal objects at least
30 m ahead without blinding oncoming drivers.
Dim your lights at least 450 m from oncoming vehicles, and 60 m
when following vehicles.
Keep headlights clean.
Keep the interior lights o so that your eyes will remain adapted to the dark.
Watch for pedestrians and vehicles stopped at the edge of the road.
If you must stop, pull o onto the shoulder and use your emergency
flashing lights or other approved warning devices such as flares.
Watch for highway signs theyre more dicult to see and read at night.
Keep both the inside and outside of the windshield clean.
88 Drivers Handbook
Always use low beams when approaching other
cars. High beams will blind the other driver.
Drowsiness or Fatigue
Being drowsy or half asleep can be compared to a drugged condition
which can result in a fatal collision. It usually occurs from steady driving
or from having started out tired. Be well rested before you begin your trip.
If you begin to feel sleepy, stop your vehicle and rest. If you must park by
the side of the road, pull well over and put on your four-way flasher to
prevent being struck. If possible, stop at a rest area, a motel or a hotel.
Distractions
Distractions can be dangerous because they reduce your ability to respond
as quickly as you should to emergencies. For example, studies show that
there is a direct connection between cell phones and dangerous driving.
Drivers who talk or text on a cell phone while theyre behind the wheel
significantly increase their crash risk.
Thats why Manitoba is making it illegal for drivers to use hand-held cell
phones when they are behind the wheel of a vehicle. This law will come
into force in 2010.
Drivers Handbook 89
Gravel Road Driving
Gravel roads present special driving challenges as evidenced by the
number of rollover accidents. Some safety tips to minimize the safety
hazards when operating a vehicle on gravel roads are:
When driving onto a gravel surface, slow down and drive carefully;
As a driver you should always drive at a speed that will allow you to
stop safely for any hazard;
On gravel, sudden changes in direction such as a swerve to avoid an
object or animal on the road, can be dangerous;
Stopping or speeding up too quickly can result in loss of control;
If your vehicle does not have anti-lock brakes, apply steady brake
pressure without locking the wheels and losing steering control. (This
is sometimes referred to as threshold braking). If your vehicle does
have anti-lock brakes you should be able to apply full brake pressure
and still have steering control. (Know your braking system see
Owners Manual.);
Remember that stopping distances are increased because your tires
have reduced traction to the road surface (loose gravel surface);
Following distance is very important. You should stay a minimum of
six (6) seconds behind other vehicles. This distance should be increased
when road conditions are less than perfect (washboard, potholes and
loose gravel). This will reduce the danger from clouds of dust obscuring
vision, flying rocks damaging head lights and windshields;
Rollovers are of particular concern in rural driving, whether on gravel
or pavement. It is very easy for a distracted driver to allow the tires
on one side of the car to wander o the road while travelling at higher
speeds. Many drivers will try to get back on track by quickly turning
the steering wheel and jamming on the brakes. This can cause the
car to start into a skid, where it may tip and rollover several times
before stopping;
To avoid a rollover take your foot o the gas and steer the car so it
follows the edge of the roadway, slowly turn the steering wheel to
gradually guide the vehicle back onto the road.
90 Drivers Handbook
Winter Road Driving
The winter road systems in Manitoba are basic access routes to remote
northern communities and have no alignment standards. There are no
posted speed limit signs and the recommended speed limit for vehicles
with a maximum G.V.W. of 7 tonnes or greater is 15 km/h on all ice roads.
Winter roads are constructed on the natural terrain of the land and
ice. They cross muskeg, rock ridges, streams, rivers and lakes. The
road surface can get worse quickly due to changes in the weather.
The chance of an accident increases if you do not drive according to
the road conditions.
Drivers Handbook 91
Hills
Slow down at the top of a hill to make up for the increased braking
distance required on the downslope. Before starting down a steep hill,
shift to a lower gear to let your engine assist you as a braking force.
Never coast down hills in neutral or with the clutch disengaged because
youll be relying too much on your brakes and they may not hold.
Dont pass near the crest of a hill because your sight distance ends at
the hilltop.
92 Drivers Handbook
Farm Equipment on Roads
When outside of cities, drivers need to be watching for farm equipment
that might be moving between fields. Many farm implements are
very large, and oddly shaped, and farm tractors, combines and other
equipment move very slowly, with a maximum speed of 40 km/h.
Drivers need to be aware that at highway speeds, you will approach a
piece of farm equipment faster than expected. As well, farm implements
can sometimes take up more than half of the road width, or if they are
crossing a bridge, can take up the full width of the bridge. The most
important thing to remember when approaching farm equipment on
the road is to slow down well ahead of time, and to look closely at the
implement when passing or meeting it to make sure you know how wide
and how long it is.
Drivers Handbook 93
Pilot Vehicles
Pilot vehicles are used to warn drivers they are approaching an oversize
vehicle or load.
Drivers should be aware that the oversize vehicle or load may pose a
threat to normal trac patterns, particularly when passing the oversize
vehicle or load on a two-way highway.
94 Drivers Handbook
10. Driving Emergencies
Running Off the Pavement
If your vehicle goes onto the shoulder of the road:
Stay on the shoulder and steer in a straight line.
Take your foot o the accelerator.
Apply the brakes very gently.
After slowing down, and if trac permits, ease back onto the
pavement, being careful not to overshoot the centre line.
Blowouts
A front-tire blowout tends to cause the vehicle to swerve to the side of
the blowout, making steering very dicult. In the case of a rear-tire
blowout, the rear end of the vehicle sways from side to side.
Hold the steering wheel firmly and take your foot o the accelerator,
allowing your vehicle to slow down gradually.
Brake only when the speed is suciently reduced to maintain control.
Do not turn onto the shoulder of the road until you have your vehicle
under control. If the blowout causes your vehicle to swerve onto the
shoulder, dont try to get back onto the pavement. Let the vehicle coast
to a stop.
Drive your vehicle o the roadway to a safe spot to change a tire.
Note: If you regularly inspect your tires for under inflation, cuts or
bulges, you may be able to avoid a blowout. When driving, you may
be warned by a thumping sound caused by a bulge in the tire or your
vehicle may be pulling sideways because the tire is losing air rapidly.
Power steering gives you more power to resist the side pull from a front
tire blowout.
Drivers Handbook 95
Losing a Wheel
The rules are basically the same as for a blowout.
Skid Control
Driving too fast often results in skidding, regardless of weather
conditions. In fact, more people are killed or injured in dry-surface skids
than in wet-surface skids.
To keep from skidding, slow down as you approach danger spots and do
not accelerate, brake or change direction quickly.
96 Drivers Handbook
Emergency Braking
If you must stop in the shortest distance for an emergency, depress the
brake pedal to its maximum. However, with this method you will lose
your steering control.
Flooded Engine
Your engine floods when you have too much gas and not enough air
in your cars combustion chamber, making it impossible for the gas to
ignite. Check your vehicle operating manual for directions.
Wet Brakes
Your brakes may fail when you go through a large puddle of water. To be
sure that theyre working:
Always test the brakes lightly after driving through deep water. They
may pull to one side or may not work at all.
You can dry the brakes by driving slowly and applying them lightly.
Drivers Handbook 97
Disabled Vehicle
If your vehicle stalls or is involved in an accident, move it clear of
trac and try to:
Park all four wheels o the travelled portion of the highway.
If you have a standard shift, use the starter and low gear to pull
your vehicle to the shoulder.
Use the four-way flasher when your vehicle is coming to a stop,
if your vehicle is stalled on a highway or if your speed is well
below the speed limit.
If you have reflectorized signs and/or flares place them 60 m in
front and behind the vehicle, so that the danger may be seen by
approaching drivers.
If you cannot move your vehicle o the road, raise the hood to
warn other motorists.
By being alert at all times behind the wheel, you may gain that
fraction of a second you would not otherwise have to determine your
escape route.
98 Drivers Handbook
Vehicle on Fire
Since this usually results from an electrical short circuit, turn o the
ignition immediately. If it is a small fire, use a fire extinguisher or
smother flames with earth, sand or large articles of clothing. If it is a
large fire, move away from the vehicle and call the Fire Department. Its
wise to keep a hand fire extinguisher in the passenger compartment of
your vehicle.
Most vehicles will sink nose first, so the air trapped inside will be
pushed to the rear of the compartment near the roof. It may be necessary
for you to breathe this air while waiting for the pressure inside and
outside to become equal; then it will be easier to open the door.
2. If you cannot free your vehicle from the wires, turn on your hazard
lights, move o the road as far as you can and remain inside. Warn
potential rescuers to stay away from the vehicle and the wires and ask
them to contact the police.
3. If your vehicle is on fire and you must leave it, only do so by jumping
out so as not to come in contact with both the vehicle and the ground
at the same time. Also make sure to jump free of any wires.
Drivers Handbook 99
Suggested Emergency Equipment
1. Standard Emergency Equipment shovel, tow rope or chain,
booster cables, flashlight, first-aid kit, basic tool kit, flares and
fire extinguisher.
Important: Always ensure your vehicles fuel tank is full when driving
under winter conditions. If you become stranded, your chances of
survival are better when you stay with your vehicle.
Drugs
Prescription Drugs
Tranquilizers, antidepressants, sleeping pills and similar drugs can
aect driving ability even if taken in the prescribed dosage. Accordingly,
if you continue to drive while impaired by any medication, you can
be charged with driving while impaired. This will result in the same
consequences as if you were impaired by alcohol. Discuss the possible
eects of any medication with your doctor or pharmacist.
Illegal Drugs
Illicit drugs may cause hallucinations, hostility, and aggressiveness
in addition to dulling normal thought processes and slowing down
eye-hand coordination.
Set up house rules that make driving home after drinking too much
not acceptable. Tell your guests about these rules before they arrive!
Then they can make alternative plans for going home if they plan
to drink.
Oer guests fruit juices, mineral water and soft drinks as alternatives
to alcoholic beverages.
Dont serve one for the road. Its a good idea to close the bar at least
one hour before the party ends. Encourage guests to stay for a while
by serving food and tea, coee or other non-alcoholic beverages at
this point.
Have enough spare cash on hand to lend to friends for taxi fare.
Be prepared to have some guests stay overnight if necessary. A little
inconvenience and embarrassment (theirs, not yours) are far better
than risking impaired driving.
You dont have to stop with just yourself or family and friends. Those
of us who belong to groups or clubs can challenge other members to
share a leading role in preventing impaired driving. Many groups and
organizations sponsor parties and other social events where alcohol is
served. All members can participate in making sure no one drives
after drinking. People can take turns not drinking so they may drive
others home.
If you drink and drive, regardless of whether its an ORV, special mobile
machine, or a motor vehicle, you will lose the right to drive these types
of vehicles.
In addition, any driver with a blood alcohol level over .08 or who refuses
to provide a breath or blood sample to police, or refuses a Field Sobriety
Test (FST) may face additional consequences including:
An immediate 24-hour roadside licence suspension;
An automatic three-month licence suspension;
A vehicle impoundment except special mobile machines (SMMs);
A mandatory impaired drivers assessment at your expense;
Additional drivers licence premium of $1,000 or more.
**A discharge under the Criminal Code of Canada for certain driving related
oences may be treated as a conviction under The Highway Trac Act.
*A discharge under the Criminal Code of Canada for certain driving related oenses
may be treated as a conviction under The Highway Trac Act.
How it Works
The DI&C Program defines two categories of drivers: novice and experienced.
A novice driver has never held a Full Stage drivers licence for more than
three years. This includes drivers who hold a Learner or Intermediate
Stage or are in the first three years of Full Stage licence under the
Graduated Driver Licensing Program (GDL). It also includes a learner
driver not under GDL who has never held a Full Stage licence.
An experienced driver has held a Full Stage drivers licence for at least
three years.
Different interventions may apply for novice or experienced drivers,
depending on how serious the unsafe driving was and how often it
occurred. For novice drivers, the interventions begin earlier than for
experienced drivers.
For both novice and experienced drivers, these driving behaviours lead
to interventions under the DI&C Program:
at fault accidents
traffic convictions
24-hour roadside suspensions for operating a motor vehicle with blood
alcohol concentration levels of .08 or lower
None of the interventions under the DI&C Program are based on your age
or gender only on your driving behaviour.
Drivers who dont complete a required course or exam will have their
drivers licence cancelled and their drivers licence charges refunded.
If youre a new Manitoba driver with your first drivers licence, youll
be at the base level on the Driver Safety Rating scale for both vehicle
and drivers licence premiums. After that, for each year you drive safely,
youll move up the scale and start saving.
These gases adversely aect our health and are significant enough to
aect the environment.
The following are some things drivers can do to reduce these eects:
1. Keep your vehicle well tuned and maintained and tires properly
inflated. Check pollution controls regularly.
2. Drive only when you must and consider walking when relatively
short distances are involved.
4. Before buying or leasing a vehicle, check its fuel eciency. The less
fuel a vehicle burns, the less pollution it creates, and the more money
you save at the gas pump.
3
Transit or Auto?
Carbon Dioxide Emissions
2
kg/rider
0
Family Car Sub-compact Car Bus
(dd/mm/yyyy)
Parent signature
Exact Location:
Direction of Travel:
Yours:
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Address:
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Taken to:
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2. Name:
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Hours
Monday to Friday: 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m.
Saturday: 8:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Closed Sunday
Well give you the first available estimate appointment at one of the
following locations:
15 Barnes Street
40 Lexington Park
MAXIMUM MAXIMUM
mph
30 60
0 10 20 mph 40 50 mph 70 80 90 100 110
Weight
1 gram (g) = .03 ounce
1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds
1 metric ton (t) = 1.09 ton
Length
1 millimetre (mm) = .0394 inch
1 centimetre (cm) = .3937 inch
1 metre (m) = 39.3 inches or 3.2 feet
1 metre (m) = 1.09 yards
1 kilometre (km) = .621 mile
mm = millimetres
cm = centimetres
km = kilometres
km/h = kilometres per hour
mph = miles per hour