Primer On Occupational Safety and Health Standards PDF
Primer On Occupational Safety and Health Standards PDF
Primer On Occupational Safety and Health Standards PDF
A
Rule 1020 - Registration
Every employer shall register his business
with the DOLE RO to provide DOLE with
information as guide in its enforcement
activities
Free of charge
Valid for lifetime, except when there is change
in name, location, ownership, opening after
previous closing
Lay-out plan, IP Form 3
Rule 1030 Training &
Accreditation of Personnel in OSH
The BWC, either directly or through accredited
organizations, shall conduct continuing training
programs to increase the supply & competence of
personnel qualified to carry out the provision of this
Standards.
Employer to appoint a SO on a full-time or part-time
basis depending on the type of workplace (whether
hazardous or non-hazardous) & number of workers
in the workplace.
*Based on DO 16-01
Required No. of SO in the Workplace
(OSHS, 1978)
Number of Workers Highly Hazardous Hazardous Non-Hazardous
1 50 1 FT SO 1 PT SO
1 FT SO &
51 200 1 FT SO
1 PT SO 1 PT SO
1 FT SO &
201 250 2 FT SO
1 PT SO
2 FT SO &
251 500 2 FT SO 2 PT SO
1 PT SO
501 750 1 FT SO
751 1000 2 FT SO
Every additional 500
1 FT SO 1 FT SO
or a fraction thereof
Every additional 250
1 FT SO
or a fraction thereof
Rule 1030 Training &
Accreditation of Personnel in OSH
Duties of Safety Officer
Advice the employer, supervisors, & workers on
OSH;
Investigate accidents;
Coordinate safety training programs;
Conduct OSH inspections;
Maintain accident records system; &
Provide assistance to government agencies in the
conduct of OSH inspection, accident
investigation, or any other related programs.
Rule 1030 Training &
Accreditation of Personnel in OSH
A FT SO must be duly accredited by the DOLE.
The employer shall exert efforts to maintain & control the working
environment in comfortable & healthy conditions for the purpose of
promoting & maintaining the health of his workers.
Guidelines for the Implementation of HIV & AIDS Prevention & Control
DO 102-10
in the Workplace Program
Cannabis Smoking
Contact cement adhesives Inhaling
Nalbuphine HCl Injecting
Meperidine HCl Injecting
Solvent Inhaling
Benzodiazepines & cough preparation Oral intake
New psychoactive substances
Nalbuphine HCl
Included in the List of Dangerous Drugs (DDB
Regulation No. 1-2010)
Use:
Pain reliever
Side effects:
Depression, confusion, hallucinations, feeling of heaviness,
numbness, delusions, dysphoria, hypertension, hypotension,
bradycardia, tachycardia, pulmonary edema
In Cebu, nalbuphine HCl + methamphetamine HCl =
milkshake
Serious public health issue as there is a spread of HIV/AIDS &
hepatitis
Impact of drugs at work
A negative impact on
Physical health: elevated heart rate & BP, respiratory failure,
convulsions, cardiovascular problems, certain forms of cancers,
liver/kidney impairment, & HIV/AIDS
Mental health: altered perceptions & emotions, changes in
personality, decreased social inhibitions, paranoia, anxiety,
irritability, & depression
Safety: loss of concentration & coordination, distorted vision &
hearing, sleepiness, & decreased awareness to touch & pain
Productivity: increase health care cost, number of accidents,
absenteeism, replacement costs; poor work relations, &
impaired performance
Role of the workplace
Allows development of policies & strategies
Facilitates promotion of health messages
Facilitates referral of workers for care &
support
Provides opportunity for an effective
partnership
Problem of drugs in the workforce
Addiction
Problem use:
inappropriate use
Workers excessive use
who are
dependent use leading to or
worsening physical,
psychological, work,
Workers beginning
to experience problems social, safety problems
Recreational use
Experimental use
Work-related
situations:
Workers with no problems
shift work
travel away from home
stress/boredom
What needs to be done?
Focus on prevention rather than treatment.
Prevention:
PhP is less expensive
has a greater impact
PhP reaches more people
is feasible in any
work environment
PhP
doesnt need
community resources
How do we prevent the problem?
Treatment
Dependent (if prevention fails)
Self-assessment
Beginning to
experience problems Counselling
Information
Workers with no problems & education
RA 9165
Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002
RA 9165
Mandatory drug testing for persons charged Mandatory drug testing for
with criminal offense & candidates for public application of drivers license revoked
office have been declared unconstitutional by by new law, RA 10586 or the Anti-
an En Banc Resolution of the SC dated Drunk & Drugged Driving Act of 2013.
November 2008.
Salient workplace provisions of RA 9165
Crafting of policy using tripartite approach
Management
Workers
Union, if organized
Contractors, subcontractors, concessionaires
Government organizations Technical
Non-government organizations assistance
DOLE DO 73-05
Guidelines for the Implementation of Policy &
Program on Tuberculosis (TB) Prevention & Control
in the Workplace
TB status
Over 95% of TB cases & deaths are in developing countries. Poor communities &
vulnerable groups are most affected. In the Philippines, efforts are intensified to
reach geographically isolated & disadvantaged populations. (WHO, 2015)
TB statistics
Ranks alongside HIV as leading cause of death
worldwide (WHO, 2015)
9.6 million new cases 1.5 million deaths
5.4 million were men 890,000 were men
3.2 million were women 480,000 were women
PHL is one of the 7 countries that have already achieved
the MDGs in 2012
TB is more prevalent among males in PHL than females
& among 25 55 year olds. However, all sexes & age
groups are at risk.
Treatment success rate = 90% (DOH-NTP MOP, 5th ed.)
TB estimates
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Scrofuloderma
PTB
TBlymphadenitis
peritonitis
TB
Potts
TB meningitis
disease
Urogenital
TB pleurisyTB
TBpericarditis
Miliary TB
Susceptible individuals
Children & the elderly
Those with medical conditions:
HIV infection
DM II
Severe kidney disease
Substance abuse (alcohol &/or drugs)
Low body weight
Certain cancers
On chemotherapy or corticosteroids
TB & smoking
(Illustration courtesy of The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, & Malaria, 2015) & PBSP
Diagnosis
(Illustrations courtesy of The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, & Malaria, 2015) & PBSP
Treatment
(Illustrations courtesy of The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, & Malaria, 2015) & PBSP
TB-DOTS facilities
(Illustration courtesy of The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, & Malaria, 2015) & PBSP
https://gis.philhealth.gov.ph/
Prevention
Have a TB prevention & control policy program.
Practice good hygiene, i.e., proper coughing & sneezing
etiquette.
Be conscious of TB disease symptoms for early diagnosis &
treatment.
Consult with MDs in clinics or nearby health centers.
Minimize the crowding of workplaces.
Ensure proper ventilation in the workplace.
Encourage workers to strengthen their immune system
through healthy lifestyle.
Infectiousness
Patients are not considered infectious if...
Gaining weight.
REMEMBER ABCDE!
Abstinence
Be faithful
Condom
Do not inject drugs
Education
Am I at risk for HIV or AIDS?
1. Have you & your partner/s engaged in oral, vaginal, or
anal sex without using condom? Y/N
2. Have you & any of your partner/s had multiple sexual
activities in the last 12 months? Y/N
3. Did you or your partner/s have any STIs in the last 12
months? Y/N
4. Have you or your partner/s injected drugs, or shared
needles & syringes? Y/N
5. Did you or your partner/s receive blood transfusion or
organ transplant from a source not approved or
authorized by DOH or the hospital? Y/N
Who are at risk?
1. MARP
a.
b.
MSM
Female sex workers
ANYONE
c. IDU
2. Workers exposed to blood & blood products
a. Health workers, first aiders
b. Mortuary workers
c. Cleaners, garbage collectors
3. Vulnerable population
a. Street children
4. Workers with increased vulnerability
1. Migrant workers
2. Seafarers
3. Transport workers
Testing
Confidentiality
Exceptions:
When complying with the requirements for monitoring
procedures;
When informing other health workers directly involved or about to
be involved in the treatment or care of a PLWH; &/or
When responding to a subpoena duces tecum &/or subpoena ad
testificandum
Consent
Counseling
Recommended 3 6 mos. after possible exposure to HIV
Testing hubs (www.pnac.org.ph)
Social Hygiene Clinics [Angeles City, Caloocan City,
Laoag City, Makati City, Mandaluyong City, Manila,
Marikina City, Pasay City, Pasig City, Puerto Galera,
Puerto Princesa City, Quezon City (Batasan Hills,
Bernardo, Project 7), Santiago City, Tuguegarao City,
Cebu City, Iloilo City, Lapu Lapu City, Mandaue City,
Butuan City, Davao City, Gen. Santos City, & Zamboanga
City]
Testing hubs (www.pnac.org.ph)
L Baguio Gen. Hospital & Medical Center
L Cagayan Valley Medical Center
L RITM
L Bicol Regl Training & Teaching Hospital
L San Lazaro Hospital
L Ilocos Training & Regional Medical Center
L Jose B. Lingad Memorial Medical Center
L Jose Reyes Memorial Medical Center/MEDI-JRMMC
L PGH
Testing hubs (www.pnac.org.ph)
V Vicente Sotto Sr. Memorial Medical Center
V Corazon Lacson Montelibano Memorial Regional
Hospital
V Western Visayas Medical Center
M Southern Philippines Medical Center
M Davao Regional Hospital
M Zamboanga City Medical Center
Treatment
There are no proven cures yet for HIV infection & AIDS.
ARV drugs or ARTs only slow down the reproduction of HIV.
Other drugs are used against the opportunistic infections
occurring among AIDS patients.
Antibiotics dont prevent HIV infection or any STI.
Even if treatment & vaccines proved to be available, HIV
pandemic will not necessarily come under control.
Health education & promotion remain the foundations of
control.
Treatment Hubs (DOH, Jun 2016)
Cagayan Valley Medical Center
Ilocos Training & Regl Medical Center
Jose B. Lingad Medical Center
Baguio Gen. Hospital & Medical Center MMC
PGH
James L. Gordon Memorial Hospital RITM
Bicol Regl Training & Teaching Hospital San Lazaro Hospital
TMC
Western Visayas Medical Center Eastern Visayas Regional
Medical Center
Corazon Locsin Montelibano
Vicente Sotto Memorial
Memorial Regl Hospital
Medical Center
Gov. Celestino Gallares
Northern Mindanao Medical Center Memorial Hospital
Zamboanga City Medical Center Southern Phils. Medical
Center
Procedure on testing & follow up
Get tested!
1. Counseling
2. Screen for HIV Ab
ELISA test
(-) (+)
Confirmatory testing
Early medical treatment Western blot
Regular blood testing for CD4 count &
viral load
Healthy lifestyle & positive attitude (+) (-)
IMPACT OF HIV & AIDS
Quick facts (DOH-NEC, Jun 2016)
Figures on newly-diagnosed cases
(DOH-NEC, Jun 2016)
Percentage per region No. per day
HIV & AIDS
& THE WORKPLACE
Impact on workers
Threatened OSH
Decreased productivity
Decrease workforce
Mast EE, et al., MMWR Recomm Rep., 2006;55:1-33. Russia 1.4 - 8.0
Custer B, et al., J Clin Gastroenterol., 2004;38(10 suppl.):S158-S168. US 0.2 - 0.5
Local impact of hepatitis B
An estimated 16% or 1 out of 8 Filipinos have
hepatitis B (2003).
Approx. more than 13 million Filipinos have
been or will be discriminated from gainful
work & employment unless this discriminatory
practice of unlawfully labeling them as unift
to work is expressly prohibited.
Why should Filipinos be aware of
hepatitis B?
Hepatitis B is caused by a virus that infects the
liver.
Its considered as the silent Asian epidemic.
Most dont even know theyre infected.
How is hepatitis B life-threatening?
1 in 4 hepatitis B carriers may die from liver cancer or
liver cirrhosis
Most common cause of liver cancer & liver cirrhosis
among Filipinos
Liver cancer 4th most common cause of cancer
among Filipinos & 2nd leading cause of cancer-
related deaths in the Philippines
70%-80% can lead healthy & productive lives if
diagnosed early & monitored regularly by a MD
How can hepatitis B affect ones work?
Occupations considered high risk for the
transmission of hepatitis B in the workplace are
those in the health care setting because it involves
exposure to blood & body fluids.
All other occupations that dont involve exposure to
blood & body fluids low risk for the transmission
of hepatitis B.
HEPATITIS 101
Hepatitis is...
Needles
Childbirth Blood
Needles Sex
Needles transfusion
Route of Blood Blood
Fecal-oral Sex Fecal-oral (requires HBV,
transmission transfusion transfusion
Blood HCV, or HIV co-
(sex, childbirth) (requires HBV
transfusion infection)
co-infection)
No (whether its
pathogenic to
Chronicity No Yes Yes Yes No humans
remains
unclear)
Blood donor
Active & passive Active & passive screening, Ensure safe Blood donor
Prevention HBV vaccine
vaccination vaccination Risk mgt., & drinking water screening
Education
How is hepatitis B transmitted?
Mother to child (during pregnancy & childbirth)
Breastfeeding of infants by infective mothers provided that
HBIg & hepatitis vaccine are given at birth.
Exposure to contamined blood/body fluids
Cuts or grazes on skin & mucosa
Sharing personal items
Needle stick & sharps injuries
Acupuncture, tattooing, piercing, manicure, pedicure
Inadequately sterilized dental & surgical instruments
Sexual contact
Blood transfusion rare
Who are at risk for hepatitis B?
Infants born to HBsAg(+) mothers
Individuals born in endemic areas
People with family history of liver disease
Recipients of blood products before 1990s
HCWs
Patients undergoing hemodialysis
Sexual partners of HBV carriers
Patients with STIs
IV drug users
People with multiple sexual partners
Who are at risk for hepatitis B?
Categories of occupations according to risk of HBV exposure from
infected workers (HSP, 2011)
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3
HCWs who are HCWs who are not Non-HCW
performing or who performing or who All other occupations
have reasonable dont have the that dont fall into
expectation of reasonable Categories 1 & 2
performing EPPs expectation of
Other workers whose performing EPPs
occupation involves
potential for exchange
of bodily fluids
How can we eliminate or prevent
transmission of hepatitis B?
Prenatal screening for all mothers
Vaccination
All newborn infants
Children of high risk groups
Adolescents & all children up to 18
Adults in high risk groups
Susceptible individuals
HBsAg (-) & anti-HBs (-)
HCWs
Universal precaution
PPE
How to take care of your liver?
Avoid drinking alcohol in excess
Avoid non-essential drugs or medications that
may adversely affect your liver
Avoid diet high in cholesterol & fat
OH-RELATED DOLE ISSUANCE
Scope & Components
TITLE SCOPE COMPONENTS
Adequate aisles/passageways Rule 1060, OSHS; Sufficient width & height, &
w/ signs & markings
Good housekeeping Rule 1060, OSHS; Conditions of floors, walls, &
storage rooms
Emergency exits Rule 1940, OSHS; 2 per floor w/ no obstructions
Materials handling & storage Rule 1150, OSHS; Appropriate labels, dotting, &
storage
Waste disposal system Waste receptacle & its removal; drainage system