SB-104 SSB Transceiver - Operation Manual - Heathkit.1974.166s
SB-104 SSB Transceiver - Operation Manual - Heathkit.1974.166s
SB-104 SSB Transceiver - Operation Manual - Heathkit.1974.166s
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SINGLE SIDEBAND T R A N S C E I V E R
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H E A T H COMPANY
B E N T O N H A R B O R , MICHIGAN 490 2 2
TABLEOFCONTENTS
The only circuit boards which should be connected or IMPORTANT: After you install any one of the plug-in
installed at this time are: the display circuit board on the circuit boards, carefully inspect both sides t o be sure no
back of the front panel, the ~ F O I ~ i i icircuit
er board under circuit board component touches a metal shield, which
the chassis, and the circuitboards ?The - V F O A f h e could cause a short circuit.
Converter assemblies. The remaining circuit boards will be
~~
A push-to-talk switch, as found on most microphones, is a 3. To release a depressed button in a group, gently push
convenient way to key the transmitter in the following another bunon in the same group until the depressed
steps. I f your microphone cord is not already wired t o an button releases.
Amphenol 80MC2M connector (furnished),you should refer
t o Figure 2-6 in the Installation Section of this Manual for
the necessary wiring diagram.
lamps should light and the meter should read half way
between 12 and 15 in i t s upper scale (13.8 volts). 1. Display does not light.
A. No voltage at switch S3, section C, pin 6.
(/iDepress the ALC button. The meter should read 0 B. Voltage at "A" on display board too low or
missing.
Depress the PWR button. The meter should read 0. C. Refer to the "Display Troubleshooting Chart"
I
Power supply switch at OFF position.
B. Power plug wired incorrectly. POSSIBLE CAUSE CHART
C. Power cable from power supply wired
incorrectly. 1. 5 or 11 volts incorrect.
D. Defective power switch. A. Chassis wiring.
E. In mobile installation, polarity of the power B. IC202 or IC203.
supply leads reversed. C. 0 1 or 02.
F. Defective power supply.
G. 0 1 or 0 2 installed incorrectly.
(JI Turn the BAND switch and observe the first digit.
which should be blank (not lighted) or read 1 or 2.
2. Meter does not read 13.8 volts. depending upon the position of the BAND switch:
A. Meter defective.
B. Meter switch wiring incorrect. BAND FIRST
C. Chassis wiring incorrect. SWITCH DIGIT
D. 180 Cl resistor across meter missing.
-
E. Shorting wire across meter terminals not 3.5 Blank
I
-
F.
-
removed.
Supply voltage to Transceiver incorrect. 1 7.0
14.0
21.0
Blank
1
WWV
--? ( ) Refer to F~gure1 4 (fold-out from Page 237) and 28.0
prepare a 24" shielded cable. Lay th~scable as~de.I t 28.5
will be used later. 29.0
29.5
TRANSMIT AUDIOIREGULATOR
POSSIBLE CAUSE CHART
microphone (if your microphone does not have a PTT ( /f Release the TUNE button.
switch, short terminal 2 of the MIC connector to the
chassis). You should hear a click as the relay closes,
I / ) Close the relay with the PTT w k c h . Terminal H1
should measure .7 volts.
and another click when vou release the switch and the
(/ Release the PTT switch. The voltage should be 0.
replay opens.
- POSSIBLE CAUSE CHART
POSSIBLE CAUSE CHART
1. Voltage a t H I is not .7 volts.
1. T/R relay does not pull in. A. D l defective.
A. Relay. B. TIR relay w~redincorrectly.
5.
C.
Chassis wiring of the relay circuit.
0205,Q206.Q207, or Q208.
.
-(/IRelease the ON button, and all other buttons.
( ,) Release the H I button.
,I The microphone can be removed, if desired.
(/) Deprea the PTT switch. The relay should not operate
(the PTT switch should operate the relay only when
COUNTER
the HI button is depressed).
(A On card A, use your ohmmeter t o check the resistance
from the center conductor of J l O l t o the ground foil.
POSSIBLE CAUSE CHART If the meter shows less than infinite (4 resistance,
T/R relay operates in LO POWER position. you must find the cause and correct it before you
Check wtrlng of LOIHI POWER sw~tch. proceed.
( /
) Depress the US6 bunon. The display should read
6603.6.
ug circuit board D (#B5-1418) into the extender
~ ~
(A
, Refer t o Figure 1-3 (fold-out from Page 237) and
engage the VFO Level Adjust control through hole FY
in the side of the VFO assembly. Turn this control
fully counterclockwise.
Figure 1-6
(1)
Depress the ON button.
NOTE: Refer to Figure 1-5 for the method o f plugging NOTE: The frequency display may be random during the
circuit boards into the extender board. follow~ngadjustments.
Page 237
BV
. i~hu
?,lR
7
BAND 7
SWITCH 6 t. r y .
<
' -.,..
o : ~ L P S F N ~ ; COIL
,5
.
-.c,,< . NUMBER
ROTATE SLUG FOR
THEN ROTATE SLUG AS DESCRIBED.
VOLT j
PEAK VOLTAGE.
FFsn,,-,
1
, :YYaL'7
FivN
-c
4 w
L401 . 112 ~ CW*
- .turn .rrr. 1L3q7'7-6 .ira -(z377.33
~- 1 turn CCWM* .I12 . Jj'71jq o e ' P Y -
- 14.0 . ~
' 2 1 1'3 . L403 I/z 1 turn CW .221 22 f4i.VI r ~.
4Y 2289r18(/ -
~$DE+? 112turnCW .7(? ZTa4r'36 In4
C W J hb
- ~. 23aqr'+
- 21.0 .-: 2 6-1' 39 .~-
1 turnWC 1 3z z48qY'LB 'SZ z q d 4 6 (Z
1 .
~
-~~
-~
28.0
~~ .. 7 9's ! ~406 1 turn -CW- . 12s 36 qqs1zy , 826
.
3689ZaL7
28.5- 2 L407
' 1 turn CW 17q 3t3qc'z-r - -. I U~Q --.. 373qe1*6
- 29.0 j 2 2't L408 1 turn c w
-.---
29.5 2 \ ~ ' iq 1409 I/L 1 turn CW
I i
..
*clockwise
counterclockwise
I
(1) The object of this adjustment is to center the 500 kHz
2.
of the 3.5 band within the total VFO tuning range.
( 4 Disconnect the voltmeter and remove board D from
the extender board. ( ) Turn the BAND switch to 3.5.
/ !
(,. ) Plug board D into compartment D. Remove the MAIN TUNING knob.
(
VFO OUTPUT ADJUSTMENT
( ) Depress the ON button.
,) Insert the coil alignment twl into hole ET in the panel
and into the corresponding hole in the VFO enclosure.
, Fit the tool into the coil slug. Adjust the slug until the
I, Turn the BAND switch to W. display reads approximately 3475.0. You may be able
to see this display at two positions of the coil slug.
. I Refer to Figure 1-3 (fold-out from Page 237) and When you have the correct position, the display will
engage the VFO adjustment control through hole FY read lower with counterclockwise rotation of the
in the side of the VFO assembly. Turn the control alignment tool.
clockwise until the display becomes unstable. Then
(, ) Reinstall the MAlN TUNING knob.
turn the control back until the display is stable.
( ) Turn the MAIN TUNING knob until the frequency
(1)
Turn the BAND switch to 29.5 and check for display displayed is approximately 3800. Then temporarily
stability (+ or - one count). If the display is unstable. remove the large knob.
turn the control counterclockwise until the display is
stable at both the 29.5 and WWV positions of the ( ) Depress the USB bunon and write down the
band switch. frequency displayed.
Figure 1 - 3
Figure 1-3A
SHIELD LEAD
SHIELD LEAD
Figure 1 - 4
Figure 1-1
,* OW, ."i I P K R
PATCH LUOII)
Figure 1 - 2
Page 238
fGL**;*--***:**3J
(,A' Insert a small screwdriver into hole ES in the panel, (/) Replace the knob and tighten both setscrews.
and into the corresponding hole in the VFO enclosure.
so the screwdriver engages the notch in the shaft of
C1211. the 15-60 pF trimmer on the oscillator board.
(4Check the stablllty of the VFO frequency d~splay.If
If the blade on your screwdriver is too large for the necessary, adjust the VFO level for a stable d~splayat
panel hole, you may be able to engage the trimmer BAND sw~tchposltlons WWV and 29.5.
through the large knob hole. 1
(,/I
-1
To prevent light from shining through, place small >,(
Refer to Detail 12-37A and pull the BAND switch 1
pieces of black tape over holes ES and ET (the two
VFO adjustment holes) on the back of the panel.
knob and shaft forward until the end of the shaft is
over the converter assembly.
!
Detail 12-37A
1
Page 239
rE=*7*"*=*:.*4
(A Connect your station speaker to the SPKR phono I
socket on the rear panel. i
(/) Depress the ON button.
0 U
Page 240
1,
Refer to Figure 1-8A (fold-out from this page) and ( Tune the Tranxziver to 3500 kHz and select the
)
(\j) solder the free lead of the 18 pF capacitor to the foil strongest signal within one-half of a tuning knob
designated TP on circuit board A. Solder the cable revolution.
shield wires to the ground foil in the area shown.
,..
~ l r, y t~ bP .A
( ) Pull circuit board D up just enough to clear the
connectors on the board's bottom edge
(kl Carefully ~ - aboard A back into i t s comoartment.
. lu
Look between the foil side of the circuit board and
( Write down the S.meter reading,
the shield to make sure the "hot" lead of the capacitor
does not touch the shield. ( I Push circuit board D back down onto its connectors.
100 x:/5 ti", I,",.':<
(,%$' Replace the phono plug in 5101. ( 1 Tune the Transceiver to 4000 kHz and select the
strongest signal within one-half of a tuning knob
(30 Remove circuit board G from theTransceiver. revolution.
()o Refer to Figure 1-86 and carefully unsolder from ( ) Pull circuit board D up just enough to clear the
circuit board G the end of the jumper marked "this connectors on the board's lower edge.
end." Pull the end of the jumper out of the circuit
board hole. ( ) Write down the S-meter reading.
(H Position the end of the center conductor of the ( ) Repeat the above procedures a t 3500 kHz and 4000
shielded cable coming from circuit board A alongside kHz and simultaneously adjust the trimmer capacitors
the end of the jumper and solder the two together. on coils L725 and L726 until the two S-meter readings
Use a minimum amount of solder. Bend the shield are as close together as you can conveniently get them.
wires out of the way. The readings will probably never coincide exactly.
Two or three repetitions of the adjustment should be
( ) Install the extender board in position G.
7 7 r\<> A',: < 5 . .-,':, ,$%, ?,.W adequate.
( ) Install circuit board G in the extender board. ( ) Remove the shielded cable from the jumper on circuit
board G.
( ) Set the front panel controls as follows:
I ) Reinstall the free end of the jumper on circuit board G
Band Switch 3.5 in i t s former position (S-1).
1 RF Gain Fully clockwise mtJ 'j
ALC button Depressed NOTE: If you will perform the "Preselector Bandpass Filter
USB button Depressed Alignment" immediately, disregard the following two steps
AGC Fast and leave the extender board and circuit board G in position
G.
IMPORTANT: ALWAYS turn the Transceiver OFF before ( ) Remove circuit board G from the extender board and
you insert or remove a circuit board. the extender board from position G.
Figure 1-9 (fold-out from Page 240) identifies the trimmer ( ) Tune to the strongest signal near 29 000 kHz.
capacitors to be adjusted for each band switch position.
( ) Adjust the Low End trimmer for maximum S-meter
INSERT THE LONGER I N N E R LEAD
deflection and write down the reading in the margin
T H R O U G H THE P L U G A N D W R A P T H E opposite this step.
S H I E L D LEAD A R O U N D THE PLUG.
( ) Turn the BAND w i t c h to 29.5 and tune to 29 700
A P P L Y H E A T T O THE T I P OF T H E kHz.
P I N ONLY LONG E N O U G H FOR THE
SOLDER TO BE DRAWN U P I N T O
THE P I N B Y C A P I L L A R Y A C T I O N
( I Adjust the High End trimmer for maximum S-meter
deflection. Note the meter reading.
SOLDER THE S H I E L D LEAD
O N T O THE P L U G . ( ) Compare the two S-meter readings and adjust the
trimmers according to the following examples:
C U T OFF E X C E S S W I R E
DLR
F R O M THE T I P OF THC P I N .
Examples:
. 1. If the meter reading at 29 700 kHz is lower than
the 29 000 kHz reading, adjust the Low End
Figure 1-10
trimmer to increase the meter reading.
( ) Refer to Figure 1-10 and install a phono plug on the 2. If the meter reading at 29 000 kHz is lower than
free end of the 24" shielded cable connected to circuit the 29 700 kHz reading, turn the BAND switch
board A. to 29.0 and tune the Transceiver to 29 000 kHz.
Then adjust the High End trimmer to increase
( ) Insert the phono plug in the ANT jack on the rear the meter reading.
panel (below the heat sink).
( ) Repeat the preceding adjustments two or three times
( I Check that the rear panel antenna switch is in the to secure the most uniform response.
CIpJposition.
( ) Turn the BAND switch to 28.0 and tune the
( I Set the front panel controls as follows: Transceiver for the strongest signal near 28 400 kHz.
RF Gain Fully clockwise ( ) Tune all three trimmers for this band for maximum
A LC Depressed S-meter deflection. Repeat the adjustments for the
AGC Fast highest S-meter reading.
Band 29.0
Level Fully counterclockwise
( ) Tune the Transceiver for the strongest signal near
9 USB Depressed
28 000 kHz.
ON Depressed
( ) Adjust the Low End trimmer for maximum S-meter
Buttons not mentioned should be released. deflection and note the meter reading.
I ( ) If not already done, install the extender board and ( ) Turn the BAND switch to 28.5 and tune the
circuit board G in position G. Transceiver to the strongest signal near 29 000 kHz.
( 1 Adjust the High End trimmer for the greatest S-meter ( ) Connect an antenna (suitable for the frequency of the
deflection and note the meter reading. calibration station selected) to the COM antenna
( ) Tune the Transceiver to the frequency having the socket. Be sure the rear panel switch is s t i l l at COM.
lower meter reading, if necessary. If the 29 000 kHz
frequency has the lower meter reading, adjust the Low ( ) Turn the BAND switch to WWV or 7.0, as appropriate.
End trimmer to increase the reading. If the 28 000
( ) Depress the ON button.
kHz frequency had the lower reading, turn the BAND
switch to 28.0, tune to 28 000 kHz, and adjust the ( Tune to zero beat station WWV in the vicinity of
High End trimmer to increase the meter reading. 15.000 kHz or station CHU at 7335.0 kHz.
( ) Repeat the adjustments two or three times for the ( ) Adjust the tuning so the voice announcements sound
most uniform response across the band. natural.
( ) Follow the same procedure and adjust the bandpass ( I Adjust the time base trimmer capacitor on the upper
filters for the 21.0, 14.0. 7.0, and 3.5 bands. The right-hand corner of circuit board A (next to the
trimmers for each band are shown in Figure 1-9. Refer crystal) until the display reads 15,000.0 or 7335.0.
to Figure 1-11 for the three frequencies to use for the
POSSIBLE CAUSE CHART
adjustments of each filter.
I I FREQUENCIES
I 1. Display cannot be adjusted to agree with WWV or
CHU frequencies.
MID-BAND A. Y l O l not with~ntolerance.
I RDJ. 3 LOW END H L G H END
TRIMMERS I
6. C114 defective.
i '1
'4400 -
( Plug in circuit board C. -Visually check to make sure
7-7'5 . 7.0 7 100 7 000 7 300
the peaking coils do not touch the metal shield. If
5 . 3.5 3 800 3 500 4 000 necessary, bend them over enough to clear the shield.
) Refer to Pictorial 12-38 (fold-out from Page 243) and
Figure 1-11
mount the driver circuit board (#85-14211 on the
( 1 Tune the Transceiver to 3800 kHz. Then select t h right side panel. Plug the circuit board into connector
strongest signal within 5 kHz of this frequency.
J and secure it to the three mounting holes at GG. GH.
and GJ with 6-32 x 318" screws.
( ) Set the SMETER LEVEL ADJUST control (see
Figure 1.3, fold.out from Page 237) for an ( \) Plug the HI and LO shielded leadscomingfromchassis
reading of S9+50. cutout BL into the corresponding sockets on the
driver circuit board.
( ) Remove the phono plug from the ANT socket on the
rear panel and unsolder and remove the shielded cable
and the 18 pF capacitor from the foil side of circuit
( , Connect a dummy load (capable of dissipating 100
watts) to the ANT (antenna) socket on the rear panel.
board A.
( ) Remove the extender board and reinstall circuit board ( ) set the BAND switch to 3.5.
G in position G.
( Turn the LEVEL control fully wunterclockwise.
COUNTER CLOCK SETTING
( 1 Turn the SIDE TONE and ANTI-VOX controls fully
NOTE: The counter clock output will be calibrated against counterclockwise (rear panel view).
the signal of station WWV, Colorado, on 15,000 kHz or
station CHU, Canada, on 7.335 kHz. One of the stations ( Depress the ON. PWR and TUNE buttons. All other
may be more easily received than the other in your location. buttons should be released.
CAUTION: Never change bands when the TUNE bunon is ( ) Depress the TUNE b;tton.
depressed.
i
( ) Advance the LEVEL control and check for power
output a t the middle of the band and about 25 kHz
( 9 Adjust coil L310 for a peak indication on the meter.
i
(\ Release the TUNE bunon.
. . and lower band edoes.
within the uooer - The an el
meter should read about 1 on the 0 to 15 (relative
power) scale. ( I Turn the BAND witch to 29.0 and tune the
Transceiver to 29 100.
(\) Release the TUNE button.
Depress the TUNE bunon.
( i Turn the BAND switch to the next higher frequency ( \
band, depress the TUNE button. and check for output (j ) ~ d j coil
~ aL31g for a peak indication on the meter.
in the middle of the band and at each band edge until
all bands 3.5 through 21.0 have been checked. (\I Release the TUNE button. 1
~
~~
~~~
.
I
1. No meter indication.
A. Wiring of the meter switches.
(
(' )
) Turn the BAND switch to 29.5 and tune the
Transceiver to 29 600.
~ ~
_
to 0 when the LEVEL control is fully counterclockwise.
-- _ - .. -- 2. Response across one or more bands is not uniform.
Depress the ALC and ON bunons, A. Refer to the Transmitter IF circuit board in the
(
"Maintenance" section.
3. Display erratic on one or more bands.
Refer to Figure 1-12 (fold-out from this page) for the
A. Readjust the VFO level as required.
following steps.
,
( .) Turn the BAND switch to 28.0.
CW CHECK
( \I Tune the Transceiver to 28.100.
NOTE: During the following wiL adjustments, the ALC
indication will vary with the setting
. of the LEVEL -1.
NOTE: Make sure that a 100 watt dummy load is mnnected
to the ANT jack on the rear panel and that your speaker is
I
Keep the meter readinga E g r i _ " s connected.
- Figure 1-12
PICTORIAL 12-39
PICTORIAL 12-41
1 Plug a key into the KEY jack on the rear panel. A wmpound pods onto the mounting plate. Use your
positive keying voltage is present at this jack, so the finger to distribute a thick coating over the plate.
leads of any grid block keyer must be reversed. Keep the compound off the circuit board.
CAUTION:
( 1 Connect the cable from the power supply.
( ,) Refer to Detail 12-39A and position the P.A. circuit Detail 12-39A
board (#851422) with the aluminum mounting plate
up. Then squeeze the contents of two thermal
Page 245
[g&?*=---=*:-*d
CAUTIONS: CARRIER SUPPRESSlON
( ) Connect the 50Q
. dummy load to the ANT socket
1. Do not exceed 30 seconds in HI power and TUNE.
( ) Connect the microphone.
2. Whenever the Transceiver is o~erated in both H I
power and TUNE, the duty cyclerequires an OFF
( ) Depress the PWR, USB. HI and ON buttons. Other
period (receive mode) of five times the TUNE time buttons may be released.
(for example, 10 seconds TUNE followed by 50
seconds w/th TUNE button released). This must be ( ) Turn the BAND switch to 7.0.
carefully observed in the following steps. Complete NOTES:
duty cycle information i s shown in the Operations 1. Key the transmitter (use the microphone PTT switch)
section of this Manual on Page 261. for several short periods while making the following
adjustment. Prolonged keying of the Transceiver while
( ) Depress the following buttons; all other buttons attempting to achieve an optimum setting creates an
should be released: PWR, HI and ON. undesirable heat rise which could damage the output
transistors.
( ) Depress the TUNE button..
2. Look down into compartment E along the right side
( ) Advance the LEVEL control. The meter should read of the circuit board and identify control R666 and
approximately 10 on the upper scale. trimmer capacitor C648. (See Carrier Suppression
controls in Figure 1-3. fold-out from Page 237). It
( ) Depress the ALC button. The meter should read may be necessary to bend the two disc capacitors
approximately full scale. apart to gain access to the screwdriver slot of C648.
( . Turn the MICICW LEVEL fully counterclockwise.
( 1 Release the TUNE button.
( ) Key the transmitter for short periods and alternately
( ) Perform the preceding four steps at each position of adjust R666 and C648 for the best possible null
the BAND switch, being careful to observe the duty (minimum meter deflection). The meter indication
cycle. There should be no output at the WWV should be at, or near, zero.
position.
( 1 If there i s any meter indication, adjust coil L321 o n ( ) Check the power output at 3500 kHz. If theoutput is
the right side of circuit board C (Figure 1-12) for a less than you previously secured, turn the slug of coil
null (least indication). Adjust it in a counterclockwise L321 clockwise just enough to return the power
direction. output to normal.
REW
BOTTOM
$ #. L O C K W k S t I E R
6 - 3 2 NUT
1
PICTORIAL 12-40 Refer to Pictorial 12-41for the next four steps.
Figure 2-1
POWER S U P P L Y H P - 1 1 4 4
,,o,s.*".c z*v.~.s
+ S E E 5 8 - 6 1 4 M A N U A L FOR
TRAPEZOID CONNECTIONS
Figure 2-2
8" OUT A"" se"R
PLTC* ."OlO
S T A T I O N CONSOLE S B ~ 6 3 4 4 n SPEAKER
SB-604
TO ANTENNA
2
INSTALLATION
GROUNDING
The Transceiver must have a jumper wire connected between A shielded jumper wire must be connected between the
pins 2 and 5 on the accessory plug. A cap is furnished for VFO IN and VFO OUT jacks unless you are using the
this plug. accessory VFO.
Page 250 -L**-*-* *=**B
KEY CONNECTIONS
Heath Amplifiers
1. R E M O V E 1-118" O F O U T E R
INSULATION.
Figure 2-3 shows the installation of the Transceiver with a
2. R E M O V E A L L B U T 114" OF
Heath amplifier. THE B R A I D E D SHIELD.
3. U N B R A I D T H E 114" O F
ALC Connections S H I E L D A N D T W I S T THE
F I N E S H I E L D W I R E S 10
I f your amplifier has ALC (automatic level control) output F O R M A STRANDED LEAD.
6. B E N D T H E B A R E E N D OF T H E G R O U N D L E A D A N D T H E
Many amplifiers have an internal transmit-receive relay S H I E L D B A C K OVER THE S P R I N G A N D SOLDER.
which is actuated when the relay coil circuit is grounded. SOLDER SWITCH
Heath amplifiers are of this type. This Transceiver has relay
contacts available to operate the transmit-receive relay. The
grounding connection may be made by a shielded cable (or
other 2-conductor wire) connected to the accessory socket.
(SHIELD) LEAD
pins 8 and 9. Use pin 9 for the ground connection and pin 8
7. P U S H THE A U D I O LEAD THROUGH P I N I A N D THE S W I T C H
for the relay coil. LEAD T H R O U G H P I N 2 OF THE CONNECTOR B A S E (NOTE
N U M B E R I N S I D E OF C O N N E C T O R B A S E I .
C U T OFF E X C E S S
Fiwre 2-5
Page 251
MICROPHONE CONNECTIONS
Heath Microphones
Other Microphones
Y
system is at least 12.6 volts and does not exceed 16 volts Transceiver is turned on, turn it off quickly and check for
under any circumstances. If the voltage is not within these proper polarity of the power cable.
P O W E R S U P P L Y H P 1144
B 3
@
@
@ @
- U
n
Figure 2-3
MAY BE SHIELDED
FOR MORE C O M P L E T E
SUPPRESSlON S P A R K P L U G W I R E OR
USE R E S I S T A N C E W I R E RESISTOR
n r SPARK P L U G
--
I\
I - CAUTION Y
I I
T-E V O L T A G E R F G U L I T O R S H O m N I S 0 h ~ YI I C P R E I E h T A T V E .
BATTERY. A.TEINLIOR A h 0 I I E G G G L T O RC O h h L C T I 3 h S M 6 " h 0 1 B E
I N O R D E R h D I C I T E D . D O N O T B Y P A S S F I E L D H I N O h G V8 I m O J T
A RESISTOR I N SERIES. C H E C K T E R M I N A L L O C A T l O N CIIIEFL..".
INDICATOR
-
.
1 "F
-
,!
T
?- '.*F
*
T-
BATTERY
LIGHTS ACCESSORIES
P
V A L U E OF M A N U F A C T U R E R AND
SUPPRESSOR REPRESENTATIVE TYPE
Figure 2-9
Mobile antennas present loading situations which must be
RELAY carefully handled for each band. Because whip antennas
CONTROL
TO must be kept short for mobile use, they represent only a
fraction of a wavelength on the lower frequency bands.
Thus, their radiation resistance is extremely low and their
reactance is capacitive. Therefore, loading coils must be used
and the losses kept low to insure a minimum l o a of radiated
pwver in the form of heat in the l o a resistances.
L U G S 11, 1.
3.5-4 MHz 80 VA
This band presents the greatest problem. The normal tuning
range of a good antenna on this band is about 10 kHz on
each side of the antenna's resonanr frequency.
BATTERY
Actual measured resistance at me b a s of an antenna at
these frequencies is 15 to 20 ohms; this represents an SWR
DC R E L A Y / of nearly 3 to 1. In order to get proper matching to the 50
W I T H 25-30 A M P C O N T A C T
RATING 112 A F U S E ohm line, a 1000 pF mica capacitor should be connected
ISTARTER RELAY1 between the inner conductor and shield of the coaxial line at
L U G S 5&6
I N 58-104 the base of the antenna. Some antennas may require a
PWR SOCKET
(ON-OFF SWITCH1 different value, somewhere between 300 and 1500 pF.
( ) 3. Depress the H I and TUNE buttons and adjust the I n most cases, one source of interference will mask others.
LEVEL control for a full-scale meter indication on Consequently, it will be necessary t o suppress the strongest
the SWR bridge. item first, and then continue with the other steps. Figure
2-9 (fold-out from Page 2521 shows a typical ignition system
( 4. Switch the SWR meter t o the "reverse" position. and the suggested placement of noise suppression
Note the SWR reading. components.
( 1 5. Switch the SWR meter t o the "forward" position. 1. Position the vehicle i n an area that is free from other
Then set the transmitter t o higher and lower man-made electrical interference such as power lines.
frequencies, and repeat steps 5 and 6 at each manufacturing processes, and particularly other
frequency, until you find the minimum SWR. automobiles.
( ) 6. Set the transmitter to the desired operating 2. With the Transceiver on, run the automobile at
frequency. Then adjust the length of the antenna as medium speed. Then let u p on the gas, turn the
follows: ignition switch off and t o the accessory position, and
allow the vehicle to coast i n neutral. This may not be
A. I f the point of the lowest SWR is lower than the possible o n cars with automatic transmissions or
desired operating frequency, shorten the antenna as power steering. I f all noise stops, the major source of
described below. interference is from the ignition system.
Page 254
3. If the noise has a "whine" characteristie and changes Refer to the Troubleshooting Chart and Figure 2-9 (fold-out
in pitch with varying engine speed and is still present from Page 252), to help determine how to suppress most
with the ignition off, then the generator is the major noise interference. Naturally, not all vehicles will require
source of interference. suppression to the extent shown in Figure 2-9, but some
stubborn cases may require all the suppression components
4. A distinct but irregular clicking noise, or "hash" as it shown, plus shielding of the ignition system.
is sometimes called, that disappears with the engine
idling, indicates the voltage regulator is at fault. Grounding
N o i s e Suppression Troubleshooting C h a r t
Loud popping increasing Ignition system. 1. Replace plugs with resistor type
to buzz with increased (recommended).
engine speed. 2. Loose crimped connections should be clean-
ed and soldered.
3. Place resistors in distributor system.
Distinct but irregular Voltage regulator. 1. 0.1 pF coaxial type capacitor in series with
clicking noise. the battery (B)and armature (A) leads.
2. A series combination of a ,002 pF mica
a
capacitor and a 4 carbon resistor t o
ground from the field (F) terminal. All
components should be mounted as shown i n
the diagram, close t o the voltage regulator.
Loud popping noise that Wheel static. 1. Installation of front wheel static collectors
changes from one type (available from most automotive distri-
road t o another. Most butors). These should be checked every
pronounced on concrete. 5000 miles for excessive wear.
IDENTIFICATION
Controls the volume of the Cootrolr receiver gain. Rowides a mean* of dbrplayw
the station call letters.
Figure 3-
I VOX DELAY
I
I Controls hold-," tlme of
transmitreceive relay in VOX or
CW modes. I
I
ATION
means of displaying
all letters.
Displays rhe tranrceive frequency
VOX
DELAY
MICICW LEVEL
AGC BAND Controls the gain of the trsnrmltter
MICICW -LEVEL 10both SSB and CW moder
MODE
88-104
\ \ \ J
- Depreu
mode
for lower rtdeband
-
*anice,ve,
\ .
Deperr lor upper rldeband
mode Depess for tune mode
\IN TUNING
I
igure 3 - 1
OPERATION
NOTE: YOU MUST HAVE A N AMATEUR RADIO IMPORTANT: A transmitter which employs solid-state
OPERATOR AND A STATION LICENSE BEFORE devices requires different operating techniques than one
PLACING THE TRANSMITTER SECTION OF THE with vacuum tubes. For example, duty cycle restrictions
TRANSCEIVER ON THE AIR INFORMATION ABOUT must be strictly observed because power transistors are not
LICENSING AND AMATEUR FREQUENCY as forgiving as tubes. If the operating parameters of
ALLOCATIONS IS AVAILABLE FROM PUBLICATIONS solid-state devices are not exceeded, they will last
OF THE FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION indefinitely, but they can be easily destroyed b y
OR THE AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE. carelessness. As a result, it is extremely important that these
operating instructions are read, comprehended, and
Operation of the Transceiver has been simplified as much as observed. They are not complicated, and will become second
possible to permit rapid adjustment by the operator. Once nature after you go through them a few times.
the initial settings have been made, it should not be
necessary t o readjust most of the controls. Read the
following information carefully. Good operating techniques A number of the actions listed i n this section were covered
will provide good clean signals and long trouble-free life of earlier in this Manual, but are repeated here because they are
the Transceiver. essential for proper operation of your Transceiver.
CONTROL FUNCTIONS
Refer t o Figure 3-1 (fold-out from Page 256) for a front DISPLAY
panel view of the Transceiver and a concise explanation of
control functions. Displays the frequency t o which the Transceiver is tuned,
plus or minus 100 Hz. Depress the "100 Hz" button if you
Figure 3-2 (fold-out from Page 263) shows rear panel want to blank out the right-hand digit, which displays the '
controls and connections. Figure 1-3 (fold-out from Page 100 Hz points. If the accessory VFO is being used for split
237) is a top view of the Transceiver chassis which identifies frequency operation, the display will follow both the
circuit boards and subassemblies, as well as some additional receiving and transmitting frequencies.
controls. The following paragraphs describe the control
functions more completely. AF GAIN
IDENTIFICATION Increases the volume of the received signal with clofkwise
rotation.
The station call leners can be displayed here or the space
can be blanked out.
Page 258
RF GAlN
MlClCW LEVEL
USB, LSB, CW
When the USE or LSB buttons an, depresred, this control
adjusts the audio drive. When the CW or TUNE buttons are Depress the appropriate bunon for upper sideband, lowel
depressed, this control adjusts the carrier level. sideband, or CW transmission.
Page 259
(&%J=**--=*:**al
TUNE SMETER LEVEL CONTROL
Depress this bunon to turn the Transceiver ON. To turn the TIME BASE CONTROL p?. 202
Transceiver OFF, push the button again and quickly remove
your finger. This will release the button. Tune in station WWV until the announcer's voice sounds
natural. Release the 100 Hz button. Adjust the time base
trimmer capacitor on circuit board A until the display is
ANTI-VOX CONTROL (Rear Panel) 15 000.0.
VFO SHIFT
Turn this control clockwise to adjun the VOX circuit so a
received signal from the speaker will not feed back into the
A trimmer capacitor in the VFO to be adjusted so the
- microphone and cause unwanted transmission.
display remains constant in either USB or LSB.
TUNE-UP
NOTE: Once your Transceiver controls have been adjusted 2. The ACC plug, with a jumper between pins 2 and 5 (or
for either SSB or CW operation, all that is necessary to place install the plug of the Accessory VFO), should be
your Transceiver on the air is to depress the ON button. installed in the ACC socket on the rear panel.
Other than t o select your frequency, no other action i s
1I' required. 3. The VFO jumper (or the Accessory VFO) should be
! installed between the VFO IN and VFO OUT sockets
Initial Actions on the rear panel.
6. The Transceiver should be connected to a good Preset the front panel controls as follows (CW means fully
ground. clockwise. CCW means fully counterclockwise):
RECEIVING
The receiver is broad banded and no preselector tuning is 7. If you will use VOX operation, depress the VOX
required. For best results, the antenna should be designed button and place the microphone in the position it
for a 50 SZ impedance, or an antenna coupler should be used will occupy during normal operation, and tune in a
to match the antenna's impedance to 50 a. strong station. The receiver will usually cycle on and
off with the voice peaks of the strong station. Turn
1. Check the connections in "Initial Actions" (Page 259). the ANTI-VOX control clockwise (as viewed from the
rear) until the cycling action ceases. Do not advance
2. Connect the transmission line t o the ANT socket on the control beyond this point.
the rear panel.
8. The AGC switch can be moved to another position,
3. The rear panel slide switch should be at COM when although most SSB operators prefer SLOW. CW
you are receiving and transmitting on the same operators may prefer FAST or OFF.
antenna.
9. Depress the NB button to activate the noise blanker, if'
4. Depress the ALC and the ON buttons. one i s installed.
5. Depress the USB, LSB, or CW button. 10. If you use a separate receiving antenna, connect it t o
the REC socket on the rear panel and set the adjacent
6. Adjust the AF GAlN as desired. slide switch at REC. Transmission will always use the
antenna connected to the ANT socket.
cM=**-"*****dl Page 261
TRANSMITTING
Transmitter Duty Cycle Restrictions 2. Connect Tranceiver as in "Initial Actions" (Page 259).
The power transistors used in the power amplifier stage of 3. Depress the PWR, TUNE, and ON buttons (this is the
this Transceiver are not as forgiving of overloading and LOW power output position).
misadjustment as vacuum tubes. The principal source of
difficulty is overheating. I f you observe the duty cycle 4. Advance the LEVEL control until you get a
parameters carefully, the transistors will last a long time; if meaningful SWR meter indication of forward power.
you ignore or abuse these parameters, costly replacement
will be required. Consequently, it is important that you 5. Adjust the antenna coupler for minimum VSWR.
carefully observe the duty cycle restrictions in the following
table when using high power. 6. Release the TUNE button.
ANTENNA COUPLER 2. Depress the ALC, USE (or LSB), and ON buttons.
1. If you use an antenna coupler which has an W R 3. For PTT (push-to-talk), use the switch on the
I
*
-7
9
5. For VOX operations: 3. Leave the HI button released for low power operation.
Depress the HI button for high power operation.
a. Depress the VOX button.
4. Advance the LEVEL control only to the point where
b. Speak into the microphone and advance the
the meter reading ceases to increase. CAUTION: A
VOX GAlN until the relay pulls in reliably when
higher drive level will not increase the power output,
you speak.
but a keying "thump" will develop.
CONTENTS
Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Localizing the Trouble. . . . 264
VFOIBuffer Troubleshooting Guide ........ ,264
Receiver Troubleshooting Guide . . . . . . .266
Transmitter Troubleshooting Guide ........ .268
Display Troubleshooting Guide .......... ,270
Voltage and Continuity Checks .......... ,274
Test Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ .273
Checking Transistors and Diodes .......... ,274
INTRODUCTION
I
The table of "Contents" above shows the different types of ASSISTANCE BY THE HEATH COMPANY I
information that are available in this section to help you. i
'3
Begin your troubleshooting by localizing the trouble to a
specific area, as described below. Even if you are reasonably
sure that you know the area your trouble is in, we suggest
If you are unable to solve a difficulty, refer to the
"Customer Service'' information inside the rear cover of this
Manual. Your Heathkit Warranty is inside the front cover.
i
1
I
(?
-
Figure 3-2
Controir the loudnmr of the
ridetone signal when CW is being
O u t p t of receiver IF.
-----
MOD BUFFER
I---_-
S I DiTONE
OSC
ICW ONLY) .
; BfO I
L-~LC-;
ANTI T R I P
-----
I-----
PREMIXER BPf
TT Y
L--, I
I--
VFO
--
I
-- -
I -1
-' - - - - 4
TIR
- - - - - , -----
f
I ----- ----- - - - -
SWITCH I
I
FILTER I
I
SWITCH MIXER FILTER
A
SEPARATE
RECANT
I
----- I F U N C T I O N USED I N
1
I----,
I
I
= BOTHTRANSMIT
AND RECEIVE
BPF -
- BAND PASSJILTER
;K D I A G R A M
Page 264
i
If you h-mw your trouble is in the transmitter. or in when you make repain on the ~ be sure to ~
~ ~
the receiver, or in t h e readout circuits, refer to one of diminateboth the cwseand effmtof thetrouble, ~ ffor
,
the following sections:
LSB SHl FT ADJUSTMENT If you get the correct RF voltage reading at the input lead of
a component but not at the output lead, the component is
If the LSB shift adjustment cannot be made, check the DC probably faulty and should be replaced. If the DC voltages
voltage at the anode (unbanded end) of Dl201 on the VFO and the resistances measured a t each lead (as shown in the
circuit board. When this diode w i t c h is working properly. table at the end of this section) indicate variations of more
the anode voltage will be approximately 0.3 VDC when the than +20%, the resistors in the voltage path may have
LSB pushbutton is depressed, and 0 VDC when the USB or changed value, the supply voltage may be in error, or a
CW button is depressed. Instructions for access to the VFO transistor in the circuit could have an internal short circuit.
circuit board are included in the following section.
VFO OUTPUT VOLTAGE To check the components on the buffer circuit board,
remove the VFO assembly from the chassis and remove the
This section is for use when there is no VFO output voltage, VFO shield so the circuit board is accessible. Reconnect the
or the highest output voltage available is less than 0.35 VDC. two 4-wire connectors if they were disconnected during
disassembly. 1
Use an RF voltmeter or an oscilloscope to make RF voltage
checks. Be sure to use a high input impedance voltmeter (11
megohms or higher) when you make DC voltage
measurements at transistor leads t o avoid erroneous readings
caured by loading the circuit.
If you are checking the VFO after it has operated
satisfactorily in the Transceiver, remove the VFO jumpey
plug from the VFO OUT socket on the rear panel so the
VFO will not be loaded during voltage measurements.
1
1
J
/
rz****=*r-*d Page 265
To check the VFO circuit board, remove the mounting nut ( ) Check for + 11 VDC at the appropriate leads of
from L1201, slide the 4-pin connector up out of its slot, and R1226 on the buffer circuit board, and I31206 onthe
remove the VFO bracket so the entire VFO assembly can be VFO circuit board.
removed from the VFO chassis. Then reconnect the 4-pin
NOTE: In the following table, if your voltage reading agrees
connector to its mating connector so the VFO can receive
with that in the RF Volts column. follow the instructions in
power and the LSB shift voltage.
the Action column. If the RF voltage reading varies in excess
of 20% from the column figurs, disregard the Action column
Make the RF voltage checks in the following steps. In the
Test Point column, B = base, C = collector, D = drain, G = and proceed to Ehe following step.
gate, and S = source. The DC voltages and resistances to be
expected at the transistor leads are given in the table at the ( ) Turn oentrol RlZ32 on the buffer circuit board fully
end of the steps. clockwise.
TEST RF
-
POINT -
VOLTS A m
( ) VFO output 0 ~roceadtof~llawlngstep.
OHMS DC RF
RESISTANCE*
- -
VOLTS VOLTS
Q1205 Collector 0 1.25
Base 9.2 .1
Emitter 9.8 .3
Q1204 Collector
Base
Emitter
Q1203 Gate
Source
Drain
Q1202 Gate
Source
Drain
'Negative or common lead to chassis.
Page 266
Thjs troubleshooting guide is divided tnto the following five 2. Connect a separate speaker to the free end of
tests: "Audio Output," "Product Detector," "Preamplifier," the 24" test cable (be sure to remove the 18 pF
"IF Amplifier and AGC," "Crystal Filter," and "Front disc capacitor) prepared earlier for front end
End." When you get the correct result for a test, proceed t o alignment. Then, to provide the signal, tap on
the next one. I f you do not get the correct result, the last the cone of the speaker or scratch it with a
step will direct you to the proper part of the "Maintenance" fingernail.
setion and will call your attention to some specific areas t o
check. When you turn t o the "Maintenance" section: ( 1 Connect your input signal source to the AUX AUDIO
socket on the rear panel. You should hear a sound
1. Refer t o any applicable parts of the from your station speaker.
"Troubleshooting Chart."
2. Refer to the "Voltage Chart" and check the ( 1 If you do not hear any sound from your station
voltages i n your Transceiver at the areas speaker, proceed to "Receiver IFIAudio Circuit
mentioned i n the last step. (Also see "Voltage Board," Page 310. Check 0513 through Q518, IC502,
and Continuity Checks," Page 272.) and the associated circuitry.
3. Check any questionable diodes and transistors.
See Page 274. ( 1 Disconnect the input signal source from the AUX
4. Be sure each circuit is correctly wired and that AUDIO socket. I f necessary, disconnect the speaker
the correct parts are installed. from the test cable and reconnect the 18 pF capacitor.
5. Read the "Circuit Description" and smdy the
Schematic to better understand and analyze
your problem. 3.395 MHz TEST SIGNAL P. 307
In order t o check the remaining stages i n the receiver section
y w will need a 3.395 MHz test signal. You can make this
AUDIO OUTPUT signal available as follows:
( 1 Turn the RF GAIN control fully clockwise. &f Lift the end of 100 S2 resistor R645 (on board E), that
forms a junction with the ferr~tebead. To identify
R645, refer to the X-ray view on the fold-out from
( ) Turn the AF GAIN control t o rnid.range. Page 306.
cm-**-v"**c**d Page 267
Connect a 1" jumper wire between the free end of ( ) Again hold the test cable phono plug tip against pin 1
R645 and pin 20 of board E. (+ II y ) of circuit board F. If you do not hear a tonefrom the
speaker. check 0504 through all.
(q Unsolder the banded end of diode D603 and pull this
lead cut of the circuit board.
CRYSTAL FILTER
Solder the free lead of the 18 pF capacitor on the test
cable to the banded end of d~odeD603. ( Inject a 3.395 MHz test signal at pin 1 on board E. A
tone should be heard from the speaker.
( ) Replace board E. A 3.395 MHz signal is now available
at the phono plug on the t e s t cable. ( If you do not hear a tone, proceed to "Carrier
GenlXtal Filter Circuit Board," Page 306. Check
\
0601, 0603, the SSB filter and the associated
PRODUCT DETECTOR AND PREAMPLIFIER circuitry.
DISCONNECTING THE TEST CIRCUIT
( ) Insert the phono plug on the test cable into the IF
OUTPUT phono socket on the rear panel.
( ) Disconnect the 18 pF capacitor from diode D603.
( 1 Insert the phono plug on the end of the 24" test lead
into the REC phono socket on the rear panel. Connect
IF AMPLIFIER AND AGC the other end of the cable as in Figure 1-8 on Page
241. ~ U Q C C ( ~ .
( ) Turn the AGC off.
( ) You should hear a tone at each 100 kHz point (3.600
( ) Hold the phono plug tip of the test signal cable against MHz. 3.600 MHz, 3.700 MHz etc.) of the VFO dial.
pin 1 of board F. A tone should be heard from the
speaker. ( ) If you do not hear a tone, refer to "Receiver Front
End Circuit Board," Page 308. Check 0701. 0702.
( ) If you do not hear a tone, proceed to "Receiver' 0703, 0704 and the associated circuitry, the bandpass
IFIAudio Circuit Board," Page 310. Check 0501, filters, and the injection of VFO and HFO signals.
IC501, Q502.0503, and associated circuitry.
( ) Disconnect the 18 pF capacitor from the counter
( ) Turn AGC to FAST. board.
I
I
I
I
I.
.............................................
I I
- ti
f
I R E C E I V E R F R O N T END I
I
I BOARD G I I
I I + I
I I I
I I
I
I I _----------------------------.
I I I CRYSTAL FILTER I 1
I
I
I I
I I BOARD E I I
- - - - - -
I I I I I
I
I
I
Qml
- 0704
I
1
I
I
I
1 r
QMl QM3 I I
I
I
I
BAND
PASS
1ST 8.65 MHz ZND
I
!!
I SWITCHING
&
XTAL
SWITCHING
&
-! I
I
.
!
I,
I FILTER MIXER FILTER II MATCHING FILTER
MATCHING
1 - 1
I
I
I
I I
I I
II I
!
I I I I
I I I I
I I I LSB USB CW I
I
I
I
II II GEN
Qffl8
GEN
Q613
GEN
Q6ll
I
I
I
I I I I
I I I I
I
I
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I I
I I
I 1 I
I
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I I I I
I I----------------------------/
A v
ANTENNA INPUT
6-347 -
1 % ;
18.
A
HFO INJECTION
6.845MH*
10.
I B,
VFO INJECTION
5- 5.5UHF
A 1
3.395 MHz
INPUT TO
CRYSTAL FILTER
P I N 1 BOARDE
3.395 M H z
TEST SIGNAL.
DERIMDAS
3.395 MHz
INPUTTO
A
EXPLAINED I N I F A M P L I F I E
THE TEXT
IPAGE 2661.
DRIVER
I
I
I---------------
I
I
PRE DRIVER - - -
BANDPASS
FILTER
BALANCE0
MIXER
-
ALC -
BMRD
H -J
BOARD BORRDC
:-
I
I
EXTERWL
ALC > __C
I
INPUT
I -
!--.
FROM BOARD D
t
I
I
I BOARD D
L---------
TRANSMITTI
! I
TIR SIKTONE II
< KEY LINE I
4 SW,TCX OSC
I
I
-
TX ENABLE I I
IBOARD B I I ACTIVE I
I
I
I
t AUDIO
BANDPASS
FILTER
t I
I
I
I I I
- IF
BUFFER
TRANShllTTER
I F AMP
II I
1 VOX
KEYING
! KN
RECEIVLR
I I CIRCUITS
I I
I
I A
- TO
' I
I
I KEY LINE& I
I
I ;I <=
!- - - -UADj
---- - - - --- - ----. I
I I
! !
- -
I TRANSMITTER 'IC
I
------1 I I I
I AUDIO ! PHONE
I
I
I 550
I
I
I
I
I
7 PATCH
I
I
I
I t XTAL
SWITCHING
BALANCED I I----
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
FILTER &
MATCHING
MODULATOR 7I
I I I
I I
I I L--_--
I
I
I
I
TTER BLOCK D I A G R A M
TRANSMITTER TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
LT jov4C :c: 50 jkF
Refer to the 'Transmitter Block Diagram" (fold-out from
Page 268). which shows how signals flow through the YH:~E
I
correct result for a test, proceed to the next one. I4 you do
not get the correct result, the last step will direct you to the
proper part of the "Maintenance" section and will call your 2. CONNECT VOLTMETER
C O M M O N LEAD TO C H A S S I S .
attention to some specific areas to check. When you turn to
me "Maintenance" section:
1.
2.
Refer to any applicable parts of tJw
"Troubleshooting Chart."
Refer
"'Itages
the Chart" and check the
in your Transceiver at the areas
Figure 4-2
TEST CIRCUIT PREPARATION ( ) Set the rear panel slide switch to COM.
When a transmitter circuit board i s functioning properly, an
RF signal will be present at the output and input. Parts are
furnished for a simple RF detector which can be used with a
' the LEVEL
) lurn fully
high input impedance voltmeter for signal tracing in-some ( ) Depress the PWR. TUNE, and ON buttons. All ofher
low level RF circuits. See Figure 4-1 and the accompanying buttons should be released.
I
steps on the fold.out from Page 269.
k' Refer to Figure 4-2 and connect the RF detector wires as
CAUTIONS: follows:
I
DO NOT use the detector on circuits Containing more ( ) Red wire to the high input impedance voltmeter.
than 30 VAC or 30 VRF. OLBU~E
( 1 Btaek wire to the chassis of the Transceiver.
DO NOT use the detector on the PA circuit board or
i t s output. ( ) Gray wire to pin 6 of board E.
Page 269
E~=**---*****dl
( ) If there is no indication on your voltmeter, proceed to
"Carrier GenIXtal Filter Circuit Board," Page 306. Use
the RF detector to check for RF voltages at B of
0602, C of 0604, T601 (the terminal going to
connector #22 is grounded), and C of Q611. The
indications at the three terminals of T601 will bevery
low.
( ) Switch your voltmeter t o a 10V or 15V range ( ) Connect the common lead of your voltmeter to the
chassis.
( ) Connect the gray wire of t h e RF detector to the anode
(unhanded) end of diode D m 4 on the driver circuit ( ) Connect the input lead of your voltmeter first to one
board. foil and then to the other. A t each foil, you should
obtain the following "normal" reading. I f you obtain a
( ) If there i s no indication on your voltmeter, proceed t o "bad" reading at either foil, all four final transistors
"Driver Circuit Board," on Page 3M). Use the RF should be replaced (these are only sold by Heath as a
detector to check for RF voltage at the cathode matched set of four transistors).
(banded) end of diode D904 and at terminal 2 of the
connector. Make sure you have +12 VDC on pin 5 of NORMAL -
BAD
the board.
TX (HI PWR) 0.65V 1.2V
( ) Disconnect the gray wire from diode DW4. RX OV 1.2V
Figure 4-1
CRIMP O N T O B A R E
RF DETECTOR W I R E END A N D
SOLDER
BOARD "A''
T R A N S F E R P U L S E TO
MEMORY LATCHES
RESET PULSE
TO C O U N T E R S
IC 112 A & B I C 113 1 1 7 I C 101
I IC 112 C & D
I
I l C 119
I
I
D I S P L A Y BLOCK D I A G R A M
Page 270
o~e-F***-******=]
i
low when connected, look for a short circuit on the
When you get the correct result, proceed t o the next test. I f display board.
you do got get the correct result, turn to "Display Circuit
!
Board" and "Counter Circuit Board" in the "Maintenance" ( I f the +I80 VDC is either absent or low, check for
section, which will give you some specific areas to check. +5VDC at the convener input (the terminal under the
When you turn t o the "Maintenance" section: AGC switch shaft bushing).
1.
2.
Refer to any applicable parts o f the
"Troubleshooting Chart."
Refer to the "Voltage Chart" and check the
voltages in your Transceiver at the points shown.
( ) If the +5 VDC is not present at the converter input
terminal, use voltage or continuity checks t o trace the
circuit back t o Ql, the voltage source, to find the
discontinuity.
IC
Also see "Voltage and Continuity Checks," Page
i
272. ( ) I f the +5 VDC is present, look for the difficulty o n m e
3. Check any questionable diodes and transistors, converter circuit board. Check for a faulty transistor
b
See Page 274. or an open diode.
4. Be sure each circuit is correctly wired and that
the correct parts are installed. 3. If all or part of a digit is not lighted, or the incorrect
5. Read the "Circuit Description" and study the number is displayed, voltage checks or IC substitution
Schematic diagram t o better understand and can be used.
analyze your problem.
( ) If the entire display has only three or four segments
lighted, check for +5 VDC at pin B on the display
Trouble in the counting and display circuits will usually be
widenced by a total or partial blanking of the display, an
incorrect display, or an unevenly lighted display.
circuit board. If the voltage is not present, use voltage
or continuity checks back to 01, the +5 VDC source.
1I
1. If any segment of a number is brighter than the other ( ) If there is no premix signal input to be counted, the
segments, it is probably caused by a faulty segment display will show one of the preset frequencies
driver or by a short circuit on the circuit board (such (6606.4kHz, 6603.6 kHz, or 6604.3 kHz).
as a solder bridge).
. 0 Refer t o the schematic diagrams and check the input
( ) Interchange the suspected segment driver IC with one voltages and the ground connections at each IC in the
of the others. If both the overbright segment and the counter, memory and driver IC's, and at the display
interchanged IC move t o a new display digit, the IC tubes. I f any of these voltages are incorrect, use a
must be at fault and should be replaced. voltmeter t o trace the circuit back to 01. the voltage
source. If the supply voltages are satisfactory, check
( ) If the overbright segment remains at the same location the IC's by one of the following methods.
after the driver IC's are interchanged, carefully inspect
the circuit board for a solder bridge, leads A. To check IC's by substitution, interchange the i
unintentionally touching each other, and similar segment driver IC with another driver IC. I f the fault
conditions. moves with the IC, it should be replaced. I f the fault
Page 271
L-*--*=*:**Gaa
remains at the same digit. interchange the memory
latch and observe the result. If the fault s t i l l remainsat
the same digit, interchange the counter IC.
VlSl
B. To use voltage checks on a display string, refer t o IPARTl D
Figure 4-4 which illustrates the right-hand (sixth)
digit of the display. 4 LOW- LIGHTED
( )
the following test.
To measure voltages, use a voltmeter with a high input voltages around the component and check them against
impedance (11 megohms or higher). A meter with a low those shown i n the ''Voltage Chart." It will usually be
input impedance may load down a circuit and cause the necessary to use the extender board to gain access t o the
readings to be abnormally low. points to be measured. Any voltage deviation of more than
20% should be considered as possibly indicating some sort of
An ohmmeter is very useful for measuring resistors, malfunction.
determining the continuity of conductors and inductances,
and making a rough check of the serviceability of diodes and There can be various causes of a voltage variation. For
transistors (as in "Checking Transistors and Diodes," Page instance: the supply voltage may have changed, there may
274). be a malfunction in the Transceiver's power supply, some
resistor between the test point and the voltage source in the
Transceiver may have changed value, or a bypass capacitor
First, before you check a component on any circuit board, may have short circuited. Use your voltmeter and trace the
check for the presence of the proper DC input voltage and voltage path back until you get a normal voltage reading.
check the ground connections from the circuit board When this point is reached, the probable causes of trouble
connectors to the chassis. These are shown on the individual can be limited to a very few components, which can then be
schematics for the circuit boards in the "Ma~ntenance" thoroughly investigated.
section Page 275 and on Figure 5-1 (fold-out from Page
II
CAUTION: When you check transistors, be very careful that
3231.
you do not touchtwo leads at the same time with the meter
probe. This can destioy a transistor instantly.
.
~
~ ~.....
..~ ~ . .
Check all nongrwnded circuit board connectors t o make
sure there is not a h o r t circuit (zero resistance) to the The complete absence of a designated voltage indicates a
chassis or to adjacent pins. Do this because one fine strand poorly soldered connection, a break in the foil, a power
from a conductor can sometimes protrude and touch an supply failure, or a similar problem.
unintended location, thus causing a short circuit. These are
usually difficult to see. In such cases, turn the Transceiver OFF and use your
ohmmeter Ion i t s RX1 scale) to check thecontinuity of the
When you are told t o check a component, refer t o the part path to the voltage source. Use the "X-Ray View" (see
of the "Maintenance" section which deals with the circuit "Maintenance," Page 275 and the schematic diagram t o
board upon which the part is located; then measure the determine where the path is.
Page 273
TEST CHART
This chart uses selected parts of the "Test and Adjustment"
section to check circuit boards. I t will be most useful for the
type of difficulty that shows up after the Transceiver has
.. ~,
been in operation for some time. Refer first to the
"Function" column and locate the function that is not
operating properly on y w r Transceiver. Then perform the
proper tests (and adjustments in some cases) as described in
the next column.
"Receiver Alignment"
J Driver
To check a transistor accurately, you should use a transistor 1. Remove the device from the circuit.
checker. Howwer, i f one is not available, you can use an 2. Set your ohmmeter t o the R X 10 K range.
ohmmeter to determine the general condition of any of the 3. Connect the common meter lead t o the gate and the
bipolar transistors in this kit. The ohmmeter used must have hot lead t o the source.
at least 1 volt DCg,at probe tip t o exceedthe tieshhsf 4. If the device is good, a reading near infinity will be
the diode junctions in the transistor being tested.
~.
~~
obtained. I f you do not get this reading, reverse the
meter leads.
To check a transistor with an ohmmeter, proceed as follows. 5. If you do not get a reading near infinity with the
NOTE: Identify the transistor leads on the "Pinout meter leads connected either way, the device should
Diagrams" o n Page 276. be replaced.
2. Set the ohmmeter t o the RXIMX) range. 1. Remove the davice from the circuit.
2. Set your ohmmeter to the R X 1 0 K range.
3. Connect one of the ohmmeter test leads to the base 3. Connect the gate to the source.
(B) of the transistor. Touch the other meter lead t o 4. Connect the common meter lead t o the gate and
the emitter (El and then to the collector (C). Both source and connect the hot lead t o the drain.
readings should be the same, but may be either high or 5. The meter reading should be in the lower part of the
low. If one reading is high and the other low, the meter scale.
transistor should be replaced. 6. I f the reading is not in the lower part of the meter
scale, the device should be replaced.
4. Repeat step 3 with the test leads reversed.
NOTE: I n the unusual case when the readings are all low or
all high, no matter which ohmmeter lead is connected t o the DIODE CHECKING
b e , the transistor should be replaced.
To check a diode, unsolder one end from the circuit board,
pull the lead up out of the circuit board hole, and proceed as
MOSFET AND JFET CHECKING follows:
Insulated gate type MOSFET's are used at Q501 on the 1. Set the ohmmeter on the R X 1000 range.
receiverllf audio circuit board, and at 0701 and Q704 on
the receiver front end circuit board. JFET's are used at 2. Connect one of the ohmmeter test leads t o the
Q1202 and 01203 on the VFOIbuffer circuit boards. cathode (banded) end of the diode. Connect the other
Usually, any defect i n these devices is found to be an test lead t o the other end of the diode. Note the
internal short circuit between the source and the gate of the reading. Then reverse the meter leads and take another
JFET (between the source and one of the gates of the reading. One reading should be high and the other low
MOSFET). These devices can be checked for Serviceability (at least 10:l). I f both the readings are either low or
by one of the two following methods. high, the diode should be replaced.
MAINTENANCE SECTION
INDEX
.
Pin-out Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
ldentification Charts . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 279
.
Circuit Board Service Policy . . . . . , .
. . . . . 281
.
VFO and Buffer Circuit Boards . . . . . .. . . . . 283
Converter Circuit Board . .. . . . . . . . . . 286
. ..
Display Circuit Board . ...... . . . . . . 288
...
Counter Circuit Board (Al ... . . .... . . . . . 291
.
HFOIPremix Circuit Board (D) . . . . . . . . . . 294
. . . . . 296
Transmitter AudioIReg Circuit Board (B) . .
. . . . . . 298
Transmitter IF Circuit board (C) . . . . .
..
Driver Circuit Board (J) . . . . . . . . . 300
....
. . . . . . 302
VFOIFilter Circuit Board . . . . . . . .
ALC/Output Circuit Board (K) ... . . . . . 304
....
. . . . . 306
Carrier GenIXtal Filter Circuit Board (E) . .
. . . . . . 308
Receiver Front End Circuit Board (G) . .
Receiver IFIAudio Circuit Board (F). . . . . . . 310
..
P.A. Circuit Board (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
. .
This part of the Manual presents, for each circuit board, a A. Find the circuit component number (R5, Q2,
section which contains the Schematic diagram, an "X-Ray etc.) on the proper "X-Ray View" or the
View," a "Voltage Chart," a "Troubleshooting Chart," and a Schematic.
"Circuit Description." The "X-Ray View" permits you t o
simulate viewing both sides of the circuit board B. Locate this same number i n the "Circuit
simultaneously so you can easily trace the foil pattern Component Number" column of the proper
between components. "Parts List."
The pin-out diagrams and Identification Charts provide a C. Adjacent t o the circuit component number, you
summarlzed reference to all the solid-state devlces used in will find the Pan Number and Description,
the Transceiver. which must be supplied when y w order a
replacement part.
To find the Part Number of a component for the purpore of
ordering a replacement part:
Pin-out D i a g r a m s
D i s p l a y T u b e s and I n t e g r a t e d C i r c u i t s
VlfWED
F R O M FRONT
IA IB IY 2A 28 ZY CND
ICllZ
P A R T NO. 4 4 3 - 1
SN7400N
SEGMENT P I N NUMBER
TRUTH T k B L I
B C D COUNT SEQUENCE
IC117. IC118
P A R T NO. 4 4 3 - 5
SN1473N
Page 277
rz-lwa-u=.irla
J <LOTI: K
Q K CLOCK J
TRUTH TABLE
lClOl
PART NO. 443-70
SN74HIO3CU
NOTE: 1. - B I T T I M E BEFORE
CLOCK PULSE
I - B I T T I M E AFTER
CLOCK P U L S i
TRUTH TABLE
I B C D I (SEE NOTE1
OUTPUT Q A CONNECTED
TO C L O C K - 2 I N P U T .
IClOZ. IC104. I C l 0 6 .
IC108, l C l l 0
ASYNCHRONOUS INPUT: LOW I N P U T TO CLEAR SETS P A R T NO. 4 4 3 - 6 2 8
Q A , Q g . Q C A N 0 Q g LOW. 74196
Page 278
, ~ c - j = -=*:-*g
* *
O R I V i OUTPUTS
V C C f
r g a b c d e
IC151.
IC154.
PART
C U R R E N T PROGRAMMING'
INPUT 1 RIPPLE B L A N K I N G INPUTIRBII
-ZERO SUPPRESSION
BLANKING INPUTIRIPPLE BLANKING
OUTPUT I B l l R B a l
NOTE: L O G I C "I"ON A L L I N P U T S A N D R B a I S D E F I N E D A S T H E
H I G H T T L I D T L S T A T E . L O G I C "0" O N O U T P U T S a - 9 I S
D E F I N E D A S T H E L O W OR C U R R E N T S I N K I N G S T A T E I D I S P L A V
ON STATE]. X I S DEFINED A S "DON'T CARE" C O N D I T I O N
ti
P
3
9 $ P 4 ~ " ? , ~ U J * u =
Identification Charts $1" - - - - - y->.
,r- --:
b
w.
a
2 ::-
*HAS W I D E LEADS
Circuit B o a r d Service P o l i c y
IN WARRANTY - When any of the circuit boards listed Electronic Service Center for repair or replacement, at our
below are returned to any Heath service facility within 90 option. The power amplifier circuit board must be returned
days of the date of your invoice, defective parts will be for warranty replacement of the output transistors.
replaced without charge for pans or labor. A circuit board
that requires service due to causes other than defective parts
After one year, a matched set of the four transistors used on
will be repaired at the fixed charge listed for that circuit
the power amplifier circuit board may be purchased from
board.
the Heath Company for $50.00. Because of the necessity for
balancing the transistor characteristics, they are available
OUT OF WARRANTY - After your 90-day kit warranty
only as a set of four.
expires, any of the circuit boards listed below will be
repaired by a Heath service facility at the fixed charge listed
plus the cost of pans replaced. HOW T O RETURN CIRCUIT BOARDS'
SERVICE FACILITIES - Service facilities are available at A special circuit board packing carton (#380-846) has been
our factory and at Heathkit Electronic Centers to service the included in Pans Pack #12 of your Transceiver. This is the
circuit boards used in the Model SB-104 Transceiver. collapsed canon which i s packed flat and has red rectangles
on the sides so it will be easily recognized among other
CIRCUIT BOARDS - The Circuit Board Service Policy pieces of inwming mail and receive priority handling. Save
applies t o the following circuit boards: both the carton and some loose packing material for future
use, should it be necessary. Include the following
information in the package:
1. Your name, address and, zip code.
CIRCUIT BOARD SERVICE
2. A letter describing the symptoms observed in
LABOR FEE*
your Transceiver, and copies of any prior
correspondence
VFOIBuffer (entire assembly) $15.00 3. The chassis series number (find this on the blue
A Counter 5.00 and white label).
B Transmitter AudioIRegClator 5.00 4. Date of purchase and invoice number.
C Transmitter IF 10.00 5. Authorization for us to return your circuit
D HFO/Premix 5.00 board COD for the service, pans, and shipping
E Carrier GeneratortCrystal Filter 5.00 ,-hzmoc
"..-.>""
F Receiver IFIAudio 10.00
G Receiver Front End
Ship the carton by insured parcel post to "Heath Company,
H Power Amplifier
Benton Harbor. Michigan, 49022" or to any one of the
J Driver
Heathkit Electronic Centers listed in the current Heathkit
K FiltertALC
catalog.
Display
IMPORTANT - The policy stated above applies only to the
*Pl,us parts charge when out of warranty circuit boards named. If the problem appears to be
elsewhere and cannot be resolved with the Manual
POWER AMPLIFIER WARRANTY -Within one year from troubleshooting suggestions, check with our Technical
the date of your invoice, the power amplifier circuit board. Consultants Section at the factory or at your nearest
completed according to the instructions in the Assembly Heathkit Electronic Center before returning the kit or any
Manual, may be returned to the factory or to a Heathkit components for service.
Page 282
SCHEMATIC OF T H E
HEATH KIT^
TRANSCEIVER
MODEL SB-104
NOTES:
1. A L L R E S I S T O R S A R E 112 W A T T U N L E S S O T H E R W I S E S P E C I F I E D .
V A L U E S A R E I N SI I O H M S l . K - 1 . 0 0 0 : M = 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 .
3. THE B A N D S W I T C H I S S H O W N AT THE 3 . 5 M H z P O S I T I O N A N D
THE M O D E S W I T C H AT L S B .
4. REFER T O THE P I N - O U T D I A G R A M S A N D I D E N T I F I C A T I O N
C H A R T S FOR I N F O R M A T I O N C O N C E R N I N G T R A N S I S T O R S .
DIODES. AND INTEGRATED C I R C U I T S I I C s i .
6. C H A S S I S W I R I N G - SEE F I G U R E 5 - 1 O N F O L D - O U T F R O M P A G E 3 2 3
7. SYMBOLS:
+%- A PLUG-IN CONNECTION.
= C I R C U I T B O A R D GROUND.
; C H A S S I S GROUND.
0 = I D E N T I F I E D C I R C U I T B O A R D HOLES.
- C I R C U I T B O A R D EDGE C O N N E C T O R .
FERRITE BEAD.
@ - PHONO SOCKET.
BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR
GATE 1 DRAIN
GATE 2
SOURCE
MOSFET .
DRAIN
SOURCE
J FET
VFO and B u f f e r Circuit Boards
*
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
X-RAY VIEWS
VOLTAGECHARTS
;hewn from component side)
NOTFS:
A field effect transistor is used in a type of Hartley oscillator polar~tyof the voltage applied to its anode by the LSB i
circuit in me VFO. Part of coil L1201, variable capacitor
C1201 (the main tuning capacitor), and fixed temperature
compensating capacitors are used in-the frequency
determining circuits. The remaining part of coil LIZ01 is
pushbutton switch. ZDlZOl is a zener diode to regulate the
voltage to the drain of Q1202.
------------------------------r--------------- 1 r--------'
:OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT BOARD:
rm---m-------------------- I
I IBUFFER
I
CJIOP I
I
I BO,
p--------.
I I
I
I
I
I
I
I
41202 I
I
Cr2I4
\I
I,
OUTPUT !<
10 RId06
I
- 47 r,, I 001
I I
z01201-
I I
IO". AL I
I
I
I
I v I
I
r Schematic symbols. GRAY
TRANSISTORS
TRANSISTORS
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
-
lClOl 1 SN74H103 44570
IC102.IC104. IC106. IC108, IC110 5 74 196 443628
IC103, IC105, IC107, IClW, IC111 5 SN7475N 443-13
IC112 1 SN74WN 4431
IC113-IC116 4 SN7490N 443-7
IC117, IC118 2 SN7473N 443-5
IC119 1 SN7420N 443-2
IC151-IC156 6 DD700 443602
Converter Circuit Board
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
TRANSISTORS
Q851, 0852 2
I MPSU05 417-224
Page 287
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The converter consists o f an oscillator, formed b y 0851 and the associated capacitors filter the 25 k H z switching noise
0852, T851, and associated feedback components. This o f f o f the input line. The converter is enclosed in a shield
circuit oscillates at approximately 25 kHz, and the high box t o prevent the harmonics of 25 k H z from interfering
voltage o n the secondary o f T 8 5 1 is rectified b y 0851 with t h e operation o f the remainder of theTransceivw.
through D854 t o produce the required 180 VDC. L851 and
SCHEMATIC
I".
Display Circuit Board
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
NOTES:
1. BANDSWITCH IN 3.5WSITlON
2. MODE SWITCH IN TUNE POSITION
3. METER SWITCH IN PWR POSITION
4. MICICW-LEVEL FULLY COUNTERCLOCKWISE
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The display board receives the outputs of five memory The schematic diagram shows segment driver outputs A
, latches (IC's 103, 105, 107, 109 and 11 1 ) from the counter through G, which drive similarly lettered segments of the
board (A). The four BCD outputs of each memory latch are display tubes. The driver output voltages for lighted
processed by a segment driver so the appropriate segments segments are lower than the voltages for unlighted tube
of i t s display tube are turned on. The f i r s display digit hasa segments. Each tube requires an anode voltage of 180 VDC.
segment driver (IC156l which is controlled by the Band which is supplied by the converter from i t s 5 VDC input.
witch. This digit is i n the megahertz position and is blank. This i s the only high voltage used i n the Transceiver.
or reads 1 or 2, as appropriate.
Page 290
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
4. Chassis wiring.
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The function of this card is to munt the premix signal (the
difference frequency of the mixed HFO and VFO signals)
and to place the munt in the proper format for display.
Figure 4-4 shows a counter, memory latch, segment driver
and display tube chain. The truth table for the memory
latch output pins is included.
+ 5 v ~ c l 1 4 COUNTER
IC102
1 input signal for counting. The transfer pulse allows the data
in the counter to enter the memory latches, and the reset
pulse resets the counters and prescalers.
Figure 4-4 If the counter IC's are preset a t 6606.4 kHz and the premix
signal frequency of 7293.6 kHz is counted, the total for
-
BFO PRESET
US6 3396.4 k H z 6603.6 kHz
LSB 3393, 6 6606.4
CW 3395 1 6604.3
Figure 4-5
Page 293
11 3 1 0 4 11 3 1 0 4 11 3 1 0 4 11 3 10 4 11 3 1 0 4
LOWER SIDEBAND PRESET.
NUMERICALVALUE 8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1
LOGICALVALUEXLHHL L H H L L L L L L H H L L H L L
Figure 4 6
PRESET VALUE 6 6 0 6 4
* L=LOW H ~ H I G H ,
LOWS N O T S I G N I F I C A N T
IC106: All pins are grounded and are therefore low, so
TOTAL OF H I G H V A L U E S the preset value is 0.
EQUAL PRESET VALUE.
display is 13900.0 kHz as shown in Figure 4.5. However, as IC104: Pin 11 is grounded directly and pin 4 is
there is no provision for displaying the figure "1," the grounded through R107, so there is no value at
display will read 3900.0. which is the correct signal these pins. When the front panel LSB button is
frequency. The following tabulation shows the calculations: pushed, a positive voltage is connected t o pin 22
of counter circuit board A. This voltage is
HFO for 3.5 MHz band 12395.0 kHz applied t o the anodes of 0105 and 13102, which
VFO 5101.4 carses them to conduct and pass the voltage t o
Premix 7293.6 kHz pins 3 and 10 of the IC. These pins are therefore
high and have values of 4 and 2, so the preset
False zero 10000.0 kHz value of the IC is 6.
BFO for LSB
Preset
-3393.6
6606.4 kHz IC102: Pin 11 is grounded directly, and pins 10 and 4
are grounded through R105 and R104. so these
Reset frequency 6606.4 kHz pins are low and without value. The positive
Counted frequency (Premix) 7293.6 LSB voltage is applied through D l 0 9 to pin 3,
Display (Signal) frequency '13900.0 kHz which becomes high and has a value of 4. The
preset value for this IC is therefore 4.
'The signal frequency will be displayed as"3900." as
the "1" cannot be seen. The presets for the second, third and fourth digits of the
display are fixed as "660" (IC's 110, 108 and 106). The
NOTE: The first of the six display digits is controlled by the remaining two digits change as the US$, LSB, and CW
BAND switch and is blank, 1, or 2 as appropriate. This buttons apply positive voltages through the diode matrix t o
discussion deals only with digits t w o through six, controlled the pins of IC104 and IC102. The USB preset frequency will
by the counter la. be 6603.6 because the positivevoltage from pin 23 of board
A will be applied t o IC104 pins 10 and 4, total value 3. and
BCD (binary-coded decimal) is used to program each IC102 pins 3 and 10, total value 6. The CW preset frequency
counter IC for a preset frequency a t pins 11. 3. 10, and 4 w i l l be 6604.3 because the positive voltage will be connected
(which have decimal values of 8, 4, 2, and 1). I f any of these from pin 24 of board A t o IC104 pin 3, value 4. and to
pins is grounded, it is logically low, and i f not connected or IC102 pins 10 and 4, total value 3.
positive, it is logically high. Only the high pins are
significant. The values of the highs, if any, at the pins of IC's 103, 105, 107. 109 and 111 are memory latches which
each IC are added together to determine the preset number store data from the counters during counting periods. This
for that IC. Refer t o Figure 4-6, the xhematic diagram, and eliminates flashing digits which would otherwise be present
the following explanation of how the counter IC's are during counting periods. During the transfer pulse, the BCD
programmed for the LSB preset frequency of 6606.4 kHz. count present at a counter output is transferred to the
memory, which retains thecount at itsoutput until the next
IC110: Pins 11 and 4 are grounded and therefore have transfer pulse.
no value. Pins 3 and 10, with values of 4 and 2
respectively, are not connected and are therefore The memory outputs are connected to the segment drivers,
high. so the figures are significant. 4 + 2 = 6 as which are located on the display circuit board. The
the preset value for this IC. significant outputs are logically high. Each memory output
is coded using BCD i n a manner similar to the decimal
IClOB: Same as ICllO. coding described for presetting the counters.
VOLTAGECHART
X - R A Y VIEW
TRANSMITTER VOLTAGES [ k m )
NOTES:
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The function of these circuits is to generate routed t o the receiver circuitw. Q406 provides additional
crystal-controlled injection signals, and t o mix these signals gain, and the resulting signal is applied t o the premix
with the VFO signal to obtain the premix signal. balanced mixer.
I
I
I 0420
I HFO/PREMIX r,
I n
CIRCUIT BOARD
I :asoi
I ,,000
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I,,-------,,,,,,,,,-----------------,,---------------------------------------..---
CIRCUIT BOARD D
TRANSISTORS
NOTES:
-
( - -)
.... DC VOLTAGE W I T H E S W I T C H IN=.
NOTES:
DOC
VOLTAGE WITHMODESWITCH IN =OR EPOSlTlON
:I_ :D
VOLTAGE WlTH U S W I T C HC
IN E P O S l T l O N
0 DC VOLTAGE WlTHMOOESWlTCH I N E.
E, OR CW POSITION
0 DC VOLTAGE I N RECEIVE OR TRANSMIT MODES
BASE DIAGRAM
TOP V I E W
, T R A N S M I T T E R AUDIO/REG
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The wiper of the Vox Gain control is coriiected to the third
1
The function of these circuits i s to process the transmitter
audio input, provide the transceiver TIR control functions,
and regulate the 13.8 volt input voltage to 11 volts and 5
section of IC201, which drives the Vox circuitry. The front
panel Vox switch enables this amplifier. The output is
Ii
volts for use throughout the Transceiver. detected by diodes D201 and D202, and the resulting DC
-8 T R A N S M I T T E R AUDIO/REG S C H
CIRCUIT BOARD B
#*
OK
vex I-
DELAY QUAN- TYPE HEATH
DIODES TlTY PART NO.
SCHEMATIC
D201-Dm5 5 IN4149 56-56
D206, D207 2 1 N4002 57-65
TRANSISTORS
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
IC201
IC202, IC203
1
2 I LM3900
MFC6030 I 442-7 1
44248
C X - R A Y VIEW
NOTES:
NOTES:
C VOLTAGE CHART
-
(Shown from foil side)
Transmitter IF Circuit Board
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
w
SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The function of this circuit is t o a m p l i i the3.396 MHz IF to create an orrfreguency transmit signal. The output of this
signa!, mix it with the premix injection t o the desired output mixer is filtered by diode-selected bandpass filters and
frequency, and amplify this signal t o the level required by applied t o the input of the predriver.
thedriver (circuit board J).
I
I
lC3Ol amplifies the IF signal. Q303 and associated
components provide ALC control, which is applied t o IC301 0304 and 0305 form the predriver circuit. Transmitter
I
to control transmitter gain. Q302 samples the ALC voltage keying in CW is accomplished i n this circuit by switching the ,.
and drives the front panel meter to indicate ALC action. emitter DC return on and off. The output of the predriver is
0301 is an emitter follower, used t o match the input filtered by diode-selected bandpass filters.
impedance of the balanced mixer.
U 2 1 and the 470 PF capacitor at the output form a 3.395
Diodes D306, D307. D308, and D309 form a balanced MHz trap, used to reduce the amplitude of a spurious output
mixer, which combines the IF signal and the premix signal at that frequency on 80 meters. 1
I
r-------
I
.----------------------------------------------------------------
LL3312q0\
~ 3 2 1 ?'3qct+
QUAN- TYPE HEATH
DIODES TITY PART NO.
TRANSISTORS
1 2N2369 417-154
Q301
2 MPSA20 417-801
Q302.0303
Q304. Q305 2 2N3866 417-205
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
IC301 1 MC1350P
I 442-18
mi$cham rppc,tm the wlre identificaaon i r o ~ o rrnsrkmng
,
under side 01 th. Eh.l,ll it do., not iPPC,'" ,ha rovrcs at
g r * With the ohan bur a rlrlng error ir ,till .",wed. EhM
ROW I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 B 10 I1 12 13
' .'BE NHT-ORG WHT-RED BLK WHTIEL WHTORG WWT-RED URN WHTVEL WHTORG WHT-RED YEL WHTYEL WHTORG
B 3ESISTOR ZORG GRAY RESISTOR GRAY 2GRAY GRAY BLU YEL BLK t13 WHTBLK #8
fX-liuA, ?RED 2 DRG GRN
C !RED 2 GND COAX WHT-DRG WHTYLL WHT-GRN ZGRAY WT. 3GND 2WAX 2 VIOL GRAY 3 RED
T I IF 1 pF VIOL-VIOL .REDm
GRAY
D L RED COAX ZGND GRAY 2GND COAX I GRAY WHT- WWT-ERN ERN GRN WT- WWT-EL"
9Fo- P t t WT- ERN-ERN 2 GRAY 2GRFIY GRAY VIOL-VIOL GRAY
GRN-ERN 2 GRAY GRAY
E :OAX 2 GND GRAY GRAY GRAY COAX GRAY GND WHTORG GRAY 3GRAY WAX GRAY
LL*GE+? I GRAY
F
3~ - I F
:0AX I. ZGNO
.
I , . . ., - G o -,1 2RED I NC I VIOL I GNO I GRAY I YEL
.
... . . .
... .. ...
....
.
I WAX I 2GND I 2GND
I I I I I I I
GRAY
2 % - FGE
;OAX RED 4 GND 113 WHT-RED COAX GRN BRN WHTBRN WHT~ WHT~ GND
RESISTOR
COAX BRN-BRN GRNBRN --.
I I I - I- I I I I I I I "C"
~ ~
RED RED
*NO! \NKER
R7
R8
Ra =
-
= 2 *bWinr.
1 blur xlirr.8rd 1 *hifmM6&.
1 ma. marked "2".
R10-
St1 - 1 mar marlied "3". a r d 1 """"*d wr.
2 p r o u d mnnrcfionl, "~,i".,..rn~l.f.
p l l a n z d cawitor.
R12- 1 g n y W". a r d l on- wire.
SIS CONNECTOR WIRING CHART
EXAMPLE:
COAX 41 PP
J
Driver Circuit Board
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART 1
SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE
I
I
I
I
I
I
SCHEMATIC
CIRCUIT BOARD J
TRANSISTORS
NOTES:
The function of this circuit is to amplify the predriver Diodes D m 3 and D904 route the driver output to the
output to a lwel sufficient to drive the power amplifier. low-pass filter (low power mode) or to the power amplifier
(high power mode). These diodes are controlled by the relay
Transistors 0901 and 0902 are used in a push-pull, class AB switching line in conjunction with the HI switch.
linear configuration. D901 and D902 are used to provide
proper operating bias. Gain flatness across the range is Diodes D m 5 and D906 sample and rectify a portion of the
provided by the network at the input of the driver. driver output, producing a voltage used for ALC in the low
power mode.
VFO/Filter Circuit Board
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
-
QUAN- TYPE HEATH
DIODES TITY PART NO.
TRANSISTOR
Q1251 1 MPSA20
I 417-801
X-RAY VIEW
VOLTAGECHART
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
This circuit board acts as an automatic switch to increase the causes it to conduct. Consequently, the positive voltage
VFO signal injection to the premix circuits on the 28.0 to forward biases 01255, which conducts and permits the
29.5 MHz bands. On the other bands, the VFO signal passes incoming VFO signal to pass through C1252 t o C1254, thus
through the attenuating pad formed by R1254. R1255, and bypassing the attenuating pad.
R1266.
In the receive mode, a positive voltage is applied to tlhe base
of 01251, which turns on hard and drops its cc~Ilector
voltage to a point too low for Dl255 to conduct.
When the Band switch is turned to any of the four bands in
the 28.0 through 29.5 MHz range, a positive voltage is The VFO filter prevents spurious premix products from
applied to one of diodes Dl251 through 01254. which entering the receiver injection circuits.
CIRCUIT BOARD
I
I
I I
I I
I I
I ClP.52 LIZ51 I
I RIISI
I
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I I
I Dl255 I
I LIZ32 I
I I
I I
I
I
HFOIPREM IX
ALC/Output Circuit Board
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The function of the low pass filter1ALC circuit is to From the filters, the output signal is routed through the
attenuate the harmonics present in the driver and power directional coupler. This coupler provides outputs for
amplifier outputs to acceptable levels, and to provihe ALC forward and reflected power. These outputs are combined to
control voltage in the high power mode. form an ALC voltage, used in the high power mode. In this
manner, higher ALC voltages are generated when the
antenna line VSWR is high, reducing the transmitter output
Four low-pass filters are used, one each for 80, 40, 20, and
power to a level which will not damage the power amplifier.
15/10 meters. The 15 and 10 meter bands use one filter. as
Ute second harmonic of 15 meters falls well above the 10
meter band. These filters are selected by a circuit board - Q801 and 0802 form a switch which changes the ALC time
mounted rotary switch, ganged with the main B a d switch. constant between Slow (SSB) and Fast (CW and TUNE).
This is the only bandswitching i n the Transceiver which is D803 is used to provide voltage for the relative power
not solid-state, due to the power levels involved. metering function.
X - R A Y VIEW
)TES:
BANDSINITCH l h 3 5 POSlTlOh
MODE SWTCh IN TJhE POSITION
METER SnlTCd h Pb%RPO<lTlnN
. .
MICICW LEVEL FULLY COUNTERCLOCKWISE
ID VOLTAGE W I T H C
E S W I T C H I N E O R EPOSlTlON
-- 7JDC VOLTAGE W I T H E S W I T C H I N ~ P O S l T l O N
TRANSISTORS
NOTES:
(_'I) OC VOLTAGE W I T H E S W I T C H I N E,
H.
OR C_W POSITION
0 OC VOLTAGE WITHMODESWITCH I N ~ P O S l T l O N
:I~:Dc
VOLTAGE WITHMODESWITCH IN E P O S l T l O N
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
2. 0606.
3. SSB filter.
4. L602, L603.
Refer to the "X-Ray View" and "Voltage Chart" (fold-out from Page 306).
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
These circuits prwide highly selective filtering of the 3.395 D685 are folward biased and diodes D678 and D681 reverse
MHz IF, and generate the BFD signals in both receive and biased so that signal flow is now through the CW filter.
transmit modes. Solid-state switching is employed to prwide Diodes D679 and D682 shunt the SSB filter input and
bilateral filtering and to select between the single sideband output to ground.
filter and the optional, narrow-bandwidth CW filter.
0608. CE11, and 0613 are the - -frequency
beat - oscillators
Two switches are used on each side of the crystal filters to (BFO's) which provide the appropriate mixing frequency to
direct the signal flow. One set of switches selects between the product detector in receive and to the _ba!anc_ed_
transmit and receive paths. Transistors CEO1 and (1603 are modulator in transmit. These three oscillators are identical
energized only in the receive mode and pass the 3.395 MHz except for the cvs& frequency. T h e CW generator (061 1)
signal from the second mixer ((1705) through the filter to is used only in the transmit mode. In receive CW, the USE
the input of the receive IF board. In addition to their generator is used to provide the offset from center
switching function, these stages provide impedance matching frequency required to produce an audio tone from the
to the filter. During transmit operation, stages 0604 and product detector. Transistor 0609 permits the CW generator
0602 selve the same function, passing the modulator output to operate only in the transmit mode, and 0612 permits the
through the filter to the transmit IF board. US8 generator to oscillate in transmit US8 or in receive USE
and CW.
The second set of switches selects either the SSB filter or the
CW filter. In US8 or LSB modes, diodes D678 and D681 are
forward biased and the SSB filter is used. Diodes D683 and Four hot carrier diodes are used in the balanced modulator.
D685 are back biased by current flow through D684 and T h x r i e r generated by the appropriate BFO is amplified
D686. This blocks signal flow to the CW filter and shunts by transistor 0607 and is mixed with an audio signal from
any potential "Mow by" signals to ground through the .O1 the transmit audio board to produce the 3.395 MHz
pF capacitors at C681 and C686. In CW, diodes D683 and transmit IF which is fed to the crystal filter.
- L
CARRIER GEN/XTAL FILTER S
CIRCUIT BOARD E
I F OUT
F:
B ------------------------------------a
CARRIER
I
I
I
:R SCHEMATIC . QUAN-
TITY
TYPE HEATH
PART NO.
DIODES
I
NOTES:
VOLTAGECHART
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
. 1.
D701 - D718.
1.
Q703.
Refer to the "X-Ray View" and "Voltage Chart" (fold-out from Page 308).
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The receiver front end establishes receiver selectivity and selected with the Band switch in the appropriate position.
converts the incoming frequency to the 3.395 MHz IF. During transmit operation, +11 VDC is applied at R701 and
Broadband preselector filters, diode switched for each band, R711, back biasing all preselector filters.
feed the antenna input to the first receiver mixer where the
input and HFO signals are mixed to produce an 8.3958.895 From the preselector filter, the input signal is fed to gate 1
MHz IF signal. This is then mixed with the VFO input in the of 0701, the first receiver. mixer. The HFO input from
second mixer to obtain the 3.395 MHz IF. board D, the HFOlpremix board, is amplified by 0703and
-
injected through the 5.0 - 5.5 MHz band reject filter, C785
through C787 and L731 through L733, to gate 2 of the first
In the 80 meter position, the Band switch places +11 VDC mixer. An 8.395 - 8.895 MHz bandpass filter; formed by
at R702 and R703, forward biasing diodes D701 and D702. L725 through L727 and C763, C764. C766, C767, C769,
Diodes D703. D704. D705, D706, D709, D710, D713, C771, C772, C773, and C774; serves as a load for the first
D714, D717, and D718 are back biased. This places the 80 mixer and couples the first IF signals to gate 1 of the second
meter filter, which consists of C702 through C712 (less mixer, 0704. The VFO input is filtered by C776, C777, and
C704 and C708) and L701 through L703, in the signal path L728 before being injected at gate 2 of Q704. The mixer
and effectively removes all other filters from operation. drain is tuned to 3.395 MHz and feeds the crystal filter
Similarly, the filters for the 40 through 10 meter bands are board from the capacitive divider of the tank circuit.
-
Ab3
G RECEIVER FRONT END SCHEMA
3 7-7 C 7 0 2 - C 7 0 6 - ( 7 11 b d W i.ibr
2-7 z ~ 7 1 C~
7 1 -6 - C723 CIRCUIT BOARD G
~y - 1 5 1 5 c 7 2 s -C714 - C 7 3 Y Refer to Page 282 for the Schematic symbols.
21 2 1 ' 5 C 7 36 - ( 7 4 1 - (745
? a 24 c 747 -~751-(753
71.18 e 7 5 4 -CT5?-cq5?
1- I F mu9 I
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I (*
":- !Cd
5 R F GAIN
I
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I LW;+ VC~..;~(S id
I
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RECElVER F R O N T END I
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6
-------__----------------------------------------d
I
3% 3 4 r -
TRANSISTORS
-T-
"* I . I*.
NOTES:
VOM TO CHASSIS /
f -')
.-#
OC VOLTAGE W I T H U S W I T C H IN=. E,
OR POSITION
VOLTAGE CHART
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
,
SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE
No AGC.
7.
1.
T502.
- -
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
These circuits provide 3.395 MHz IF amplification and gain voltage which is fed through emitter follower 0512 to the
control, detection, and audio amplification. front panel meter. Q511 is a DC amplifier which derives the
AGC voltage for the dual-gate MOSFET. With increasiw
In the receive mode, a 3.395 MHz signal from board E (the signal level, the voltage at 0509 emitter rises from
crystal filter board) is fed to gate 1 of the dual gate approximately 4.5 to 7.0 volts. Given this input, Q511
MOSFET, 0501. The signal is amplified and passes to IC501
provides (at the junction of R541 and R538) a level of from
and Q502 where additional amplification is obtained. 2.0 volts to zero volts with inciasing input signal. Amplified
Emitter follower 0503 provides the power gain required t o
AGC voltage is applied to gate 2 of the first IF amplifier,
drive the product detector, automatic gain control (AGC)
Q501.
circuits, and the 50 ohm IF output.
The IF output level is sensed by a differential amplifier. The IF signal is detected by a product detector formed by
Q504 and Q505. When the output lwel exceeds the transformer T502 and diodes D506 through D509. Carrier
threshold level, Q504 conducts and pulls the base of 0506 injection through C522 mixes with the IF signal to produce
down on each positive peak of the IF output. '2506 the detected audio. After the IF is filtered out by R522.
conducts on each peak and places positive pulses on the base C523, and C524, the recovered audio goes to the audio
of 0507. bandpass filter and preamplifier. Both of these functions are
accomplished in IC502, an integrated circuit made up of
Q507 is an integrator which converts the pulses to a DC four operational amplifiers. The first amplifier, pins 10, 11,
voltage. It has two time constants which set the attack and and 12, i s used as a low pass filter. Amplifier two, pins 2, 3,
decay times for the AGC. R544 and C535 set the attack and 4, is an audio amplifier. Amplifier three, pins 8. 9, and
time constant and C535 discharges through either R546 or 13, is used as a high pass filter which, in cascade with the
R545 and R546, depending on whether Fast or Slow i s low-pass filter, sets the audio frequency response. The
selected to set the decay time constant. This voltage, whose Volume control, between amplifiers three and four, sets the
level is a function of the !F output level, i s fed through the desired audio level from the front panel. After additional
Dar\ington emitter follower, 0508 and Q509, where it is amplification by amplifier four (pins 1, 5, and 61, the audio
then applied to pin 5 of IC501 through R507 and D504. signal i s fed through 13582 and C529 to the base of Q514.
The gain of the integrated circuit is thus controlled so that Amplifier Q514 drives a complimentary output consisting of
the output remains relatively constant for varying input Q515, Q516. 0517, and 0518. The audio output to the
levels. speaker is taken from the collector of Q516 through C531.
The frequency response of the audio amplifier i s established
The AGC voltage is also used to drive the Smeter drive. by a feedback circuit consisting of Q513, C526, R526,
Zener diode ZD502 and R534 set the range for S-meter R527, and C528.
::
Li
3.39 5 13 9r.v
IF AMPLIFIER
RECEIVER IF/AUDIO/AGC
CIRCUIT BOARD
AGC AMPLIFIER
OFF FAST I . r r i
R V ; ~I(CbIAF o u A4 li F
l b ~ L~T
llm
Dfc ~ ~ ( ( F L W ~ S I ~ U I315
) d~ A~L(wF+SLOW)
"'5 i
I
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AUDIO PREAMPLIFIER L ; ! L , /-'&
~
* IC502
SCHEMATIC
P. A. (POWER AMPLIFIER)
X-RAY V I E W VOLTAGE C
NOTES:
.. ... ~ ~~-- ~
(__) DC VOLTAGE W I T H U S W I T C H
P.A. TRANSISTOR CHECK
I
rAGE CHART
Use the following check to determine whether the P.A.
transistors are defective:
NORMAL B E
I
TX (HI PWR) 0.65V 1.2V
RX OV 1.2V
SPAKER WNNKTED
UECTEO
POSITION
CLOCKWISE
COUNTERCLOCKWISE
~UREO WITH m KILOHM INPUT VOM TO CHASSIS
Figure 4-3 ( ~ e ~ e a t )
Power Amplifier Circuit Board
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The function of this circuit is to amplify the driver output asured by the 100 ohm resistors acros the input and
to the 100-watt level. Basically, it consists of two push-pull output circuits. Hybrid combiners areussd to split the drive
pain combined into one amplifier. power between pairs and to combine the outputs of the two
amplifier pairs.
Q951 and 0952 comprise one push-pull pair, and Q953 and
0954 the other. Bias is applied to the input transformer
center taps, and is derived from a heat-sink mounted diode.
The power amplifier, like the driver, is broadband, with
essentially flat response/
~~
from 3 to 30 MHz. Harmonics are
-
As the diode is mounted on the same heat sink as the power Xenuated by the low pass filter ( b o a r d ~ and x additional
amplifier, the bias voltage tracks the power amplifier selectivity is not required. It is this characteristic that makes
temperature, preventing thermal runaway. Power balance is the "no-tuneup" feature possible.
-
iibJ
7
i)~r)F
POWER AMPLIFIER SCHEMATIC
CIRCUIT BOARD H
GENERAL
Frequency Coverage ......... 3.5 MHz through 29.7 MHz amateur bands. WWV (receive
only) on 15 MHz.
Frequency Stability ................... Less than 100 Hzhr drift after 30min. warmup; lea than
100 Hz drift for +lo% change in primary voltage.
Modes of Operation ................ Selectable upper or lower sideband (suppressed carrier) and
CW.
Phone Patch Impedance ................. 4 ohm output to speaker; high impedance output to
transmitter.
K* I , , , - dbC
Power Requirements .................. 13.8 VDC nominal (maximum 16 VDC) at:
Receive: 2 amps.
Transmit, low power: 3 amps.
T r a m i t , high power: 20 amps.
TRANSMITTER
High Power (50 C2 nonreactive load).
RF Power Output . SSB: 100 watts PEP fldB.
CW: 100 watts k1 dB.
Low Power
SSB: 1 watt PEP (minimum).
CW: 1 watt (minimum).
Output Impedance ................... 5Oohms. less than 2:l SWR.
Carrier Suppression ......... 50 d~ down from 100 wan singletone output at 1000 Hz
reference.
Unwanted Sideband Suppression ............. 55 dB down from 100 watt singletone output at 10M) Hz
reference.
Spurious Radiation ................... -50 dB within k 3 MHz of carrier, except, on the 3.5 band,
-40 a t 3.395 MHz.
Third Order D i m i o n ................. 30 dB down from twetone output, reference at 100 watts
PEP.
Microphone Input ................... High impedance with a rating of -45 to -55 dB;
approximately 25 kR to match Heath desk-type
microphone.
RECEIVER
Sensitivity ....................... Less than 1 microvolt for 10 dB signal plus-noise-to-noise
ratio for SSB operation.
Overall Gain ...................... Less than 1 microvolt for 0.5 wan audio output.
Audio Output ..................... 2.5 watts into 4 ohms, 1.25 watts into 8 ohms, a t lea than
10% THD.
TRANSMITTER
Refer t o the 'Transmitter Block Diagram," fold-out from signals are mixed with the VFO output t o form a premix
Page 268. signal, which is then filtered by a group of bandpass filters.
5000 - jrjo0KH-t
The Transmitter AudiolRegulator circuit board accepts the The VFO operates over a range of 500 kHz. I t s output i s fed
microphone, key, and phone patch inputs, which it to the HFOIPremix board, where it is processed as a
processes and controls. It regulates the 5 and 11 volt DC component of the premix signal. The VFO output level i s
voltages used throughout the Transceiver. The functions increased on the 28.0 - 29.5 MHz bands by the VFOIfilter
located on this circuit board are the audio preamplifiers, the switch.
VOX and PTT circuits, the keying circuits, the CW sidetone
generator, the relay driver, the SSBICW control, and the The Driver circuit amplifies the signal t o the level required
aforementioned voltage regulators. to drive the Power Amplifier. However, the Driver output
can also be switched to bypass the Power Amplifier and
The Carrier GeneratorICrystal Filter circuit board contains furnish a QRP signal direct to the FilterIALC board and the
the balanced modulator, which mixes the transmitter audio antenna. Part of the output is rectified and used for ALC
and the appropriate carrier (BFO). The carrier is then voltage i n the low power mode.
balanced out, leaving a double sideband signal, one sideband
of which is removed by the crystal filter,
The Power Amplifier consists essentially of two push-pull
amplifiers operated in parallel. Their bias voltage is furnished
The 3395 kHz I F signal is amplified on the Transmitter by a diode mounted in the heat sink, so the bias voltage
IFIPredriver circuit board. The IF signal and the premix tracks with the heat sink temperature to prevent thermal
signal are combined in the balanced mixer, and are then runaway. The circuit is broad-banded and no tuning of the
passed through a bandpass filter, after which they are again power amplifier output circuit is required.
amplified. Keying is accomplished at this point by turning
these amplifiers on and off. The amplifiers are followed by a
The FilterlALC circuit board contains low-pass filters t o
second group of bandpass filters, which are followed by the
attenuate harmonics which must be suppressed to prevent
Driver circuit board.
interference to other services. Solid-state switching is used to
change the ALC time constant for SSB and CW. Part of the
The HFO signals for the various bands are generated by power output is rectified and connected to the panel meter
crystal oscillators on the HFOIPremix circuit board. These for the Relative Power indication.
DISPLAY
Refer t o the Display Block Diagram o n Page 271. way, the entire premix frequency is counted but only the
f signal frequency is displayed.
The frequency display is processed on two circuit boards -
the counter board and the display board. When the transfer pulse occurs, the count is transferred from
five counters to memory latches, which retain the count at
their outputs for the duration of the counting cycle.
On the counter board, a stable crystal oscillator acts as the
time base, calibrated against station WWV. A divider string The Display circuit board contains segment drivers, five of
and associated gates provide the gate, transfer, and reset which receive and process the count from the memory
pulses. latches. The drivers turn on the appropriate elements i n the
display tubes.
I f the BFO frequency is subtracted from the premix
frequency, the result is the signal frequency. Therefore, the The first (left-hand) digit of the display iscontrolled by the
counter is automatically preset t o start counting below an band switch so the digit will be unlighted or show a "1" or a
arbitrary 0 by the amount of the BFO frequency. I n this "2" as appropriate for the Band switch position.
CHASSIS PHOTOGRAPHS
Page 322
NOISE
BLANKER
(ACCESSORY)
Page 323
8SIS INTERCONNECTIONS
Page 324
@@~~***-***d Page 325
Page 326 & e g + ~ + * = r -.~ ~ -~ * - +
Model 531 "super talk power"
MOBILE MICROPHONE
A TOP PERFORMER AT LOW COST ,,VES HIGH VAL,. ,.,: Amateur or Citizens
Band, mobile or stationary communication applications. Has Super Talk Power.
Combines mobile styling and high performance. Response characteristic carefully calculated to
give maximum clarity and intelligibility. Complements the average energy curves for voice
transmission as published by Fletcher and others. This feature restricts band width of the radiated
signal, diminishes interference on adjacent channels and potential higher order harmonics. In-
herent design characteristic reduces background noise and feedback. Attractive, rugged and
dependable with unusually high output, the Model 531 i s fully shielded to minimize hum pickup.
.
.
FULLY SHIELDED
.
horiwntai surface.
(See Reverse Sida
SIZE: 3 3/8" high x 2 3/8" wide x 1 5/16" deep.