An-8201 FCM8201 Three-Phase Sine-Wave BLDC Motor Controller

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AN-8201
FCM8201 Three-Phase Sine-Wave BLDC Motor Controller
Introduction
FCM8201 is a BLDC motor controller with a three-phase
sine-wave / square-wave drive; the detection position is at
120 rotor magnetic pole. With just a small number of
peripheral components, it can control BLDC motors on a
stand-alone basis. In coordination with microcontroller, it
can also be used for complicated motor control applications.
It is suitable for motor control for various products, such as
fans, water / oil pumps, tooling machines, etc.
Features Figure 1. Clock Generator

Sine-Wave PWM Generator Uses Space Vector System Working Clock and PWM Frequency
Modulation Algorithm; Super-Silent Motor Drive
FCM8201 has a built-in clock generator, eliminating the
Properties
need for additional crystal and capacitors. With a resistor
Supporting both Sine-Wave and Square-Wave Motor (R_CLK) for selecting working frequency, it can produce
Drive Schemes; Applicable to a Wide Range of Products working frequency for system clock and PWM frequency.
Built-in Working Clock Generator; No Need for Crystal The system working clock can work at the frequency range
or Ceramic Resonator, Cost Competitive from 960 kHz to 1920 kHz. The frequency of PWM is 1/64
Built-in Error Amplifier; Supporting Product Application of the system working clock. When the system working
Controlled by Constant Torque clock is set as 960 kHz, the frequency of PWM equals
960 kHz 64 = 15 kHz; if the former is set as 1920 kHz, the
Supporting Serial Port Interface (SPI); Allowing
latter equals 30 kHz. Therefore, the working range of PWM
Coordination with Microcontroller to Enable Advanced
frequency falls between 15 kHz and 30 kHz.
Control Applications
Programmable Current Leading Phase Correction; If FCM8201 uses R_CLK=12 k, the system working clock
Enhancing Efficiency of Sine-Wave Drive should be 1280 kHz with PWM frequency being 20 kHz.
Therefore, to have FCM8201 working with different system
Programmable Dead Time Adjustment; Reducing working clocks, the following equation can be used for
Switching Loss of Power MOSFETs deciding resistance of R_CLK:
Providing Sound Measures for Driver Circuit Protection; 1280 KHz
including Over-Voltage (OVP), Over-Current (OCP), R _ CLK 12 K (1)
f SYS
Over-Temperature (OTP), Hall Signal Error, etc.
Enhancing System Reliability To use PWM frequency for determining system working
frequency, the following equation can be used for selecting
the resistance of R_CLK:
20 KHz
R _ CLK 12 K (2)
f PWM
2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation www.fairchildsemi.com

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14
AN-8201 APPLICATION NOTE
PWM Duty Control Square-Wave PWM Motor Drive

FCM8201 supports two square-wave PWM commutation
modes: PWM-PWM and PWM-ON.
FCM8201 uses square-wave drive of PWM-PWM
commutation to start the motor running. In stand-alone
mode, so long as the motor running status complies with the
conditions required for sine-wave drive, FCM8201
automatically uses sine-wave drive mode.
For operation in SPI control mode, after starting of motor,
the microcontroller can be used for free selection:
maintaining PWM-PWM commutation or changing to
PWM-ON commutation based square-wave drive or using
sine-wave drive.
Figure 2. Block Diagram of PWM Duty Control
PWM-PWM Commutation of Square-Wave Drive
PWM duty can be determined by two control paths. The
primary control path is determined by the DAC-converted With the 120 rotor magnetic pole position detection, each
voltage level from external DUTY pin or internal N-S performs 360 cycles on three Hall sensors, so only six
DUTY_REG register. In general application conditions, this signal changes occur. As shown in Figure 3, as long as the
control path is used to control setting the motor speed. corresponding current directions are provided on the three-
phase windings of stators based on six signal changes,
For the other control path, the DAC-converted voltage level rotating magnetic fields is generated to attract rotors to
from external IP pin or internal IP_REG register is rotate. Each type of Hall signal corresponds with one PWM
compared with that of IN pin by error amplifier, then the output type; there are six different PWM output types in
amplified voltage of the difference obtained from the 360, with a commutation occurring every 60. Therefore, it
comparison determines the path. Generally this control path is also called six-step square-wave drive.
can serve as the control setting for torque circuit or the limit
setting for maximum motor output. A basic application The output of the six-step square wave is shown in the right
circuit is shown in Figure 2. The gain of the error amplifier waveform of Figure 3. In all cases, one of these three phases
equals R2 R1. Application of the error amplifier is outputs PWM continuously every 120 (two steps), while
described in more detail in the Current Feedback section. the other two phases get conducted at different 60 low side.
Each phase outputs PWM every two steps, so its called as
The input voltage range of both control paths is 0.5 V ~ PWM-PWM commutation mode.
4.5 V. They work simultaneously; the one with lower
voltage level determines the actual PWM duty output. Those
less than 0.5 V are zero duty and 4.5 V is the full duty.
Therefore, if there is no need to use both PWM duty control
paths, set the unused control path at 4.5 V to avoid
influencing the operation range of the other control path.

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 2
Figure 3. PWM-PWM Commutation at CW/CCW=1
Figure 4. PWM-PWM Commutation at CW/CCW=0
PWM-PWM commutation mode greatly facilitates use of MOSFET; between two-step continuous PWM output,
high-side driver IC in combination with driver circuit whose negative current may return to the power source side when
high and low sides both use N-channel MOSFET or IGBT as the low sides of the other two phases exchange conduction,
the driver circuit for the motor. This is because the high side as shown in Figure 5. Such negative current is one of the
does not keep being conducted during any commutating major noise sources for square-wave drive.
period and, when the high side closes, its low side with the
When U-phase outputs PWM, at the instant low-side
same phase is conducted and, as a result, synchronous
conduction of W-phase switches to low-side conduction of V-
rectifying is enabled to improve efficiency. At this moment,
phase; when both the low side of MOSFET and PWM of U-
the bootstrap circuit of the high-side driver IC has the chance
phase close, polarities of inductance of U-phase and W-phase
to charge, supplementing energy for the driving MOSFET.
are reverse. Thus the energy having been stored in inductance
Although PWM output using these commutation features a becomes negative current IW-U and returns to the power
somewhat simple driver circuit that doesnt require concern supply side via the built-in diode of high-side MOSFET of
about turn-on failure or partial conduction of the high-side W-phase. In this way, negative current is generated.
Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 3
Figure 5. Commutation Between U-W and U-V
HA
IDC
IU-Phase
Negative Current as One of

Noise Sources
U pin of FCM8201
Figure 6. Current Waveform of PWM-PWM Commutation

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 4
PWM-ON Commutation of Square-Wave Drive

To avoid generation of negative current in PWM-PWM windings, which gives rise to reverse polarity and
commutation and to reduce noise of square-wave drive, consequently generates reverse current, does not come into
FCM8201 provides a PWM-ON commutation output mode. being. Moreover, the current direction and magnetic field
As Figure 7 shows, the difference between PWM-PWM and consistent with PWM-PWM is maintained.
PWM-ON is this: when Step-2/4/6 switches to Step-3/5/1,
As in output of each phase in such commutation mode, the
the high-side MOSFET of the phase that has been
high side outputs PWM first and, after commutation to the
outputting PWM directly changes to fully conducted status;
next step, the high side changes to fully on status, it is called
meanwhile, the low side of one other phase takes it place to
PWM-ON commutation mode.
output PWM. In this way, inductance from the three-phase
Figure 7. PWM-ON Commutation at CW/CCW=1
Figure 8. PWM-ON Commutation at CW/CCW=0

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 5
HA
IDC
IU-Phase
No negative current
generated!
U pin of FCM8201
Figure 9. Current Waveform of PWM-ON Commutation

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 6
Sine-Wave PWM Motor Drive

Table 1. Predict Range vs. Motor Revolution
Revolution of 2
ARNG[1:0] Hall Freq.
Poles Motor
0, 0 0.8 ~ 80 Hz 48 ~ 4800 rpm
0, 1 0.4 ~ 40 Hz 24 ~ 2400 rpm
1, x 3.2 ~ 320 Hz 192 ~ 19200 rpm
For motors other than two-poled motors, the following

equation can be used for calculating motor revolution
available to sine-wave drive:
Figure 10. Block Diagram of Sine-Wave Generation
Sine-wave drive IC of FCM8201 mainly consists of three Hall _ Freq. 60
RPM (3)
modules: angle predictor, space vector modulation (SVM), Poles 2
and sine-wave PWM generator.
where poles is the number of motor poles.
Angle predictor uses a change of each 60 electrical angle of
Hall input signal (HA/B/C) as a benchmark for prediction. There are three essential conditions for FCM8201 to enable
When the working frequency of the system is 1.28 MHz, the sine-wave drive: 1. result of angle prediction; 2. voltage
operable Hall signal frequency range is divided into three level of AS pin or ANG[4:0]; 3. voltage level of DUTY pin
speed ranges that can be selected by two bits of ANG_REG or DUTY[7:0]. Only when all the above-mentioned three
registers ARNG[1:0], as shown in Table 1. conditions are met at the same time can FCM8201
automatically switch to sine-wave drive. In SPI control
Only when the angle predicted by the angle predictor is mode, there are three additional control bits (SIN_MAU,
consistent with Hall signal does FCM8201 allow switching SIN_EA and PMOD) which are capable of forcing
to sine-wave drive mode. After starting, FCM8201s default switching to sine-wave or square-wave drive without being
frequency range is from 0.8 to 80 Hz. In Stand-Alone Mode, subject to the above-mentioned three conditions. The
based on a calculation of two-poled motor, the revolving detailed operation status is shown in Table 2.
speed range available to sine-wave drive falls between 48 ~
4800 revolutions.
Table 2. Sine-Wave Active / Inactive Conditions
Angle AS Pin / DUTY Pin / SIN_MAU SIN_EA PMOD

Sine-Wave
Predict ANG[4:0] DUTY[7:0] (b7/SVM_REG) (b6/SVM_REG) (b7/PWM_REG)
Hit > 0.3 V > 0.75 V 0 X 0 Active
Miss > 0.3 V > 0.75 V 0 X 0 Inactive
X X X 1 1 0 Active
X X X X X 1 Inactive
X X X 1 0 0 Inactive
X X < 0.65 V 0 X 0 Inactive
X < 0.2 V X 0 X 0 Inactive

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 7
Current Leading Phase Correction

In addition to angle prediction, the angle predictor can also
provide angle shift function.
Due to the inductance property of stator winding, the sine-
wave current actually flowing into the three-phase coil lags
behind the three-phase input voltage by an angle (as
shown in Figure 13). As a result, the sine-wave current fails
to share the same phase with the back electromotive force
and thus the output efficiency is not brought into full play.
By using voltage level of the AS pin or ANG_REG register,
FCM8201 can advance the angle of output voltage by 0 ~
58. Once the voltage angle is advanced, the angle of
current phase angle is advanced as well. In this way, the
current phase does not lag behind the back electromotive
force where lag leads to reduced motor output efficiency.
Figure 11. Sine-Wave Output at CW/CCW=1
AS Voltage
4.5V
0.5V
0.3V Sine-wave Inactive
0 58 Phase Angle
Figure 13. Current Leading Phase Correction
Figure 12. Sine-Wave Output at CW/CCW=0

Figure 11 and Figure 12 describe the output waveform of
sine-wave PWM drive. SVM module; based on angles A, B,
and C (angle output signal from angle predictor); modulates
and outputs three signals of phases U, V, and W to sine-
wave PWM generator. Afterward, the sine-wave PWM
generator compares the modulation signal of SVM and tri-
wave of PWM. Then U, X, V, Y, W, and Z pins output the
PWM waveform that can generate sine-wave current drive.

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 8
Circuit Design for AS Function and Current Step 2: Identify Position for Installing Hall
Angle Correction Method Components of Motor
Step 1: Design AS Application Circuit
Figure 15. Hall Position

Before adjustment for phase current angle shift, it is
necessary to identify and adjust position for installing Hall
components. The falling edge of Hall components output
signals HA/B/C should be aligned with the upper half-cycle
center of back electromotive force Ue/Ve/We of the motors
three-phase waveform.
Step 3: Configure Environment for Measuring Shift
Angle Adjustment
Figure 14. Stand-Alone Application of AS Function
Circuit design for Stand-Alone Mode is shown in Figure 14.
The magnitude of current flowing through the motor stator
winding is proportional to the lag angle of the phase current;
the greater the current, the greater the lag angle. Therefore,
the I_FB pin can be used to obtain the information on the
current flowing through motor stator winding. After it
passes the low-pass filter made up of a 100 k resistor and a
1F capacitor; a voltage between 0.5 V and 4.5 V, which
varies with current magnitude, is obtained. After it is
connected to the AS pin via Jump, the current phase can be
automatically adjusted in relation to magnitude of current.
When the current increases, the phase angle is advanced
ahead to a greater extent, and vice versa.
Resistors Jump, RU, and RD are preliminary components
added for the sake of subsequent adjustment steps. The
engineering prototype prepared at the early stage does not
need these components welded. After motors and loads are
added, the sequential adjustment steps have been performed,
and the bias voltage actually needed has been identified; the
value and necessity of resistance can be decided.
If FCM8201 is used in SPI Mode, the circuit between the
I_FB pin and the AS pin can be omitted. Pull the AS pin up Figure 16. Measuring Configuration
to VOUT. This is because the microcontroller can read
For shift adjusting for phase current angle, a multimeter is
I_FB_REG register using SPI to get the information on
needed for measuring and recording the voltage value of the
current of actual motor running and the AS voltage level
I_FB pin in varied loading conditions after it has been
needed for shift angle can be written by SPI into ANG-REG
filtered by a 100 k / 1 F low-pass filter. A DC power
register control.
supply is needed to supply the AS pin with an input voltage
between 0.5 V and 4.5 V to adjust the advance angle of the
PWM output waveform. A four-channel oscilloscope, two
voltage probes, and one current probe are needed for
observing HA signal, U-phase PWM output, and U-phase
current waveform.

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 9
Step 4: Adjust, Measure, and Record Phase rising rates are consistent but the voltage levels slightly
Current Angle deviate, fine-tune the resistance value of the current-sensing
After the measuring environment is ready, the adjustment resistor (RISENSE in Figure 16) to change the level of I_FB
procedure can start. voltage to bring the voltage of I_FB and AS into
consistency.
1. Adjust the input voltage of the AS pin to 0.5 V (PWM
output advance angle: 0).
2. Use an oscilloscope to observe HA, U-phase PWM
output, and U-phase current waveform. It should be
possible to see that the center of U-phase PWM output
waveform is aligned with HA falling edge. However, the
upper half cycle center of U-phase current waveform
lags behind HA falling edge.
Figure 17. Curve of Type 1
Type 2: AS Voltage Greater than I_FB Voltage;

Smaller Load Equals Greater Voltage Difference
If the measurement records show the result in Figure 18,
there is no need to weld resistor RD; short Jump and weld
resistor RU to VOUT. Using a 100 k resistor, a bias
3. Add the input voltage of the AS pin slowly at a pace of voltage is generated to push up the voltage level of AS. The
0.1 V / step. Meanwhile, observe whether the U-phase magnitude of bias voltage is inversely proportional to
PWM output and U-phase current waveform shift voltage of I_FB; the lower the I_FB voltage, the higher the
leftwards (forward) slowly accordingly. bias voltage.
4. When the upper half cycle center of U-phase current

waveform shifts to HA falling edge, the U-phase current Figure 18. Curve of Type 2
is already synchronous with the back electromotive force
of U phase. At this moment, record the input voltage of Type 3: AS Voltage Lower than I_FB Voltage;
the AS pin, the I_FB voltage, and the load size (motor Greater Load Equals Greater Voltage Difference
revolving speed) measured by the multimeter. If the measurement records show the result in Figure 19,
5. Repeat the Steps 1 ~ 4 and record all the resultant AS pin there is no need to weld resistor RU; short Jump and weld
and I_FB voltages after adjustment made in varied load resistor RD. Have the input voltage of AS equal to I_FB
(revolving speed) conditions. voltage that has passed RD and 100 k voltage division.
Step 5: Analyze Measurement Records and Select

Bias Resistance
Due to difference in motor properties, the measurement
results recorded in Step 4 may present the following three
proportion relations between AS and I_FB after these
records are processed.
Type 1: Rising Rates of AS and I_FB Voltage Consistent
If the measurement records show the result in Figure 17,
there is no need for welding resistors RU and RD; Jump
should be shorted. After the I_FB signal passes the 100 k / Figure 19. Curve of Type 3
1 F low-pass filter, directly connect it to the AS pins input
end so that the AS voltage varies with I_FB voltage. If the

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 10
60
Application of Close-Loop Speed Control RPM
HPERH / L _ REG Poles (5)
Although FCM8201 comes with open-loop control design, it 6
can also realize close-loop speed control by using FO pin or CLK HPER 2
reading / writing SPI register.
Use SPI Interface to Realize Application of
Close-Loop Speed Control CLKHPER =
ARNG[1:0] / ANG_REG CLKHPER

0, 0 CLKHPER = fSYS 4
0, 1 CLKHPER = fSYS 8
1, x CLKHPER = fSYS
When reading these two registers, always read
HPERH_REG before reading HPERL_REG. Once
HPERH_REG has been read, FCM8201 immediately
suspends content update of both registers. FCM8201 does
not re-count the new Hall signal change duration until
HPERL_REG is also read.
Use FO Signal to Realize Application of
Close-Loop Speed Control
Figure 20. Close-Loop Speed Control with SPI

When the SPI interface is used for realizing close-loop
speed control, four internal registers (CNTL_REG,
HPERH_REG, HPERL_REG, and DUTY_REG) are used.
First, have FCM8201 enter SPI Mode, then set the DT_EA
bit of CNTL_REG to 1. Then the control over PWM duty
is taken over by DUTY_REG. By writing DUTY_REG,
reach the goal of controlling width of PWM duty.
DUTY_REG is a readable / writeable 8-bit register. When
the value written into it is 0x00, that is equivalent to DUTY
pin 0.5 V and PWM outputs zero duty. When the value
written is 0xFF, that is equivalent to DUTY pin = 4.5 V and
PWM outputs full duty. The equation below shows the
proportional relation between written value of DUTY_REG
and DUTY pin voltage: Figure 21. Close-Loop Speed Control with DUTY/FO
4.5V 0.5V FO signal changes every time Hall signal changes.

Vol . DUTY _ REG 0.5V (4) Therefore, the cycle time of FO signal equals one third (1/3)
255 of Hall signals cycle time. In an application with a host
device, the host device may use the FO pin to obtain speed
HPERH_REG and HPERL_REG are 16-bit read-only information of motor, then output the appropriate voltage
counter registers. The content of their count value multiplied level to the DUTY pin to adjust duty output by PWM. This
by the reciprocal of system working frequency equals the is also a way to control close-loop speed.
duration of each Hall signal change. After reading these two
registers, Equation (5) is used for conversion and obtaining The equation below can be used to convert cycle time of FO
the current motor speed. After current motor speed is signal into actual speed of the motor:
obtained from HPERH/L_REG, DUTY_REG is used for
60
adjusting duty output by PWM. In this way, control over RPM
speed feedback is realized. 1 Poles (6)
3
f FO 2

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 11
Current Feedback and Current Protections

FCM8201 VOUT
Torque Error Amplifier
IP 0.5 ~ 4.5V
+
PWM Duty
Control IN
OPO R2
I_FB
Current Feedback Amplifier
(Gain x 8) R1
M
3-Phase
Short-Circuit Current Protection Inverter
I BIAS_I_IN IS
I_IN
Cycle-by-Cycle Current VS
Protection
RBIAS
CLPF RS
Overload Current Protection

OC_TMR
OC Timer
C OC_TMR
Figure 22. Block Diagram of Current Feedback and Protections
Figure 22 shows the internal current feedback block The application circuit lies between the I_IN pin and RBIAS;
diagram and external application circuit. The current somewhere near I_IN pin there should be a filter capacitor
feedback block includes the current feedback amplifier, CLPF for grounding. High-frequency noise above PWM
torque error amplifier, and over-current protections. frequency is filtered to prevent noise from triggering
abnormal operation of current protection. When PWM
After the current feedback signal (I_IN) passes through a
frequency falls between 15 and 30 kHz and RBIAS is 10 k,
low-pass filter to screen out high-frequency noise, the
the capacitance should fall between about 220 pF and
current feedback amplifier amplifies the current eightfold
470 pF. Otherwise, excessive capacitance leads to
before the current is output via the I_FB pin. This is the
inaccuracy of protection function while insufficient
main function of the current feedback amplifier. An external
capacitance causes failure to filter all noise, likely to trigger
application circuit is provided for applications such as
abnormal operation of current protection.
torque-loop control or automatic adjustment of current
leading phase. The relationship between the current feedback input signal
and the output (I_IN vs. I_FB) can be expressed by:
I_IN pin outputs 50 A bias current (IBIAS_I_IN) and then, by
means of the additional 10 k bias resistor (RBIAS), the
benchmark level of load current is raised to 0.5 V. VI _ FB (VS 8) ( I BIAS _ I _ IN RBIAS ) (7)

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 12
Application of Torque Feedback Control error amplifier. The circuit connection method can take the
IP pin as the limit setting for maximum PWM duty; the
Although FCM8201 comes with open-loop speed control maximum PWM duty is determined by the external divided
design; if the combination of I_FB pin and torque error resistance of IP pin.
amplifier is used, it is also possible to realize application of
torque feedback control.
In the application circuit with torque feedback control, the
IP pin can serve as the input signal for torque control. When
the current feedback signal I_IN has been amplified by I_FB
in the torque error amplifier, it is compared with torque
control feedback signal IP. Once I_FB is greater than the
setting for IP, duty width of PWM starts to decrease to
reduce the torque output of motor. If I_FB is lower than the
setting for IP, the duty of PWM is determined by the speed
loops DUTY pin or DUTY_REG. Figure 23. Application without Torque -Loop Control
If the application circuit does not need torque feedback
control, Figure 23 should be followed for connecting torque
Application of Over-Current Protections
Short Circuit
Overload Cycle-by-Cycle
V OCP_SH
V OCP_CYC
V OCP_OL
VI_IN
Charging
V TMR_LTH COC_TMR!
Turn off PWM, PWM turns off

one cycle immediately after
three (3) pulses
V OC_TMR
PWM
Figure 24. Operating of Current Protections

As shown in Figure 24, FCM8201 provides three-stage threshold voltage (VOCP_CYC) of protection operation is
over-current protection. The first stage is overload current 1.5 V. The final stage is short-circuit current protection,
protection, where the threshold voltage (V OCP_OL) of where the threshold voltage (VOCP_SH) of protection
protection operation is 1.4 V. The second stage is cycle-by- operation is 2.5 V.
cycle current protection for each cycle of PWM, where the

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 13
Overload Current Protection motor driver. The first three protection functions avoid
motor drive failure resulting from abnormal system voltage.
The time setting of the over-current timer (OC timer) for
The last protects the driver circuit and power transistor from
overload protection can be determined by a capacitor on the
being burnt down by the excessive back-EMF voltage
OC_TMR pin or the OC_TMR[2:0] register.
generated during motor running.
The default OC timer is the OC_TMR pin and an externally
connected capacitor. Once the voltage of I_IN goes above OV and UV Protection for System
VOCP_OL, the OC_TMR pin provides a current at 40 A If the working voltage exceeds 18 V, FCM8201 enables OV
(ITMR_CHG) to charge the capacitor. When the voltage of I_IN protection status and closes all motor drive output signals
has dropped back to somewhere below VOCP_OL, the (U, V, W, X, Y and Z); the motor is set to free running. If
OC_TMR pin provides a current at 10 A (ITMR_DIS) to the working voltage goes below 8 V, UV protection is
discharge the capacitor. If the voltage of I_IN keeps enabled and closes all motor drive outputs and reset itself.
exceeding VOCP_OL, the OC_TMR keeps charging the
capacitor. Once the voltage on the capacitor has been When the output of the 5 V voltage regulator goes below
charged to 2.5 V (typical), FCM8201 immediately turns off 4 V, FCM8201 closes all motor drive output signals and the
all motor drive output signals (U, V, W, X, Y, and Z). motor is set to free running.
Moreover, it latches the close status until the FREE/nST pin OV Protection of Motor Driver
transitions to a high level (free) and then goes back to the
low-level status (start). Only then does FCM8201 disable Braking and instantaneous speed / load change during
the latch and restore output. operation of BLDC motors may generate back-EMF voltage
and feed it back to input voltage of motor drive, bringing
This protection function allows sufficient torque for the about a sharp rise in input voltage. If the sharp voltage rise
motor. Within the safe time set by the OC timer, the motor is not appropriately checked, it may burn down the power
can run with a load higher than the rated load without transistors and the whole driver circuit.
damaging power transistor of the driver circuit. In the
application field of electric vehicle and electric machine
tool, such protection function is necessary.
If the application circuit does not need this protection,
ground OC_TMR pin to disable this function.
Detailed descriptions are provided in the SPI Operation
Mode section below to address use of the OC_TMR[2:0]
register as time setting for OC timer.
Cycle-by-Cycle Current Protection Figure 25. Application Circuit of Motor Drive OVP
As long as the voltage of the I_IN pin exceeds the threshold Basic application circuit of motor drive OV protection is
voltage VOCP_CYC of the cycle-by-cycle current protection, shown in Figure 25. With the divider resistor, FCM8201 can
FCM8201 immediately reduces the normal PWM duty to use the VSENSE pin to detect the voltage of motor drive
the minimum duty output. input voltage. Once the voltage of the VSENSE pin exceeds
The purpose of this protection function is to protect the 4.5 V, the OV protection function of motor drive triggers.
power transistor of the driver circuit from damage resulting At this moment, FCM8201 immediately turns off all drive
from excessive peak current generated on PWM output as a output signals and keeps the back-EMF from rising.
result of instantaneous load change during motor running. Meanwhile the HOVP pin also outputs high level to enable
conduction of power transistor of discharge circuit. In this
Short-Circuit Current Protection (SC)) way, the back-EMF fed back to input voltage is quickly
When the voltage of the I_IN pin has three to four PWM exhausted and the level of input voltage is forced to fall to a
pulses exceeding VOCP_SH, SCP is triggered. FCM8201 safe working level. Along with the disappearance of back-
immediately closes all motor drive output signals and latches EMF, the level of VSENSE pin goes below 4.0 V and all
the close status until the FREE/nST pin transits to a high level motor drive output signals are restored to a normal level.
(free) and goes back to low-level status (start). Only then does
FCM8201 disable the latch and restore output.
Voltage Protection for System and

Motor Driver
FCM8201 provides multiple voltage protection functions,
including: over-voltage (OV) and under-voltage (UV)
protection for system working voltage (+12 V), UV
protection for 5 V voltage regulator and OV protection for
Figure 26. Operating Waveform of Motor Drive OVP
Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 14
SPI Operation Mode

In SPI Mode, FCM8201 provides more motor control Entering and Exiting SPI Mode
functions than in Stand-Alone Mode. The microcontroller
may use SPI interface to control FCM8201 to realize more FCM8201 uses Stand-Alone Mode by default. To use SPI
advanced motor control applications. Mode, each time the machine is started, the master
microcontroller should use XP and XN signals to complete
Advanced functions only available in SPI Mode include: the signal toggle procedure shown in Figure 27. In this way,
FCM8201 activates SPI Mode.
Square-wave drive supports PWM-ON Commutation
Mode, which can reduce noise of square-wave drive.
Dead time provides four time settings: 2.0 /2.5 / 3.5 /
4.0 s, offering more safety in avoiding power
transistors from being burnt down.
Three working range settings for Hall frequency of
angle predictor (0.4~40 Hz / 0.8~80 Hz / 3.2~320 Hz),
offering a wider speed range available for sine-wave
Figure 27. Timing Diagram of Entering SPI Mode
drive operation.
OC timer can save PCB space and capacitor material After four consecutive repetitions of HIGH/LOW toggle,
cost by setting time duration in internal register. MCU should keep XP/XN at high-level output of open-
Synchronous rectifying function can be turned off or drain (collector). If FCM8201 confirms activation of SPI
controlled by using OC_TMR pin. Mode, within 5 s (tRES) the XP signal is lowered to a low-
level status and stays for about 1ms (tACK) so that MCU is
The function of Low-Side Minimum PWM Output is provided with sufficient time to acknowledge that
available so that during PWM-ON square-wave driving, FCM8201 has activated SPI Mode. Afterwards, XP pin
the bootstrap capacitor of the high/low-side driver IC is changes to SDO function and XN pin to SEN function.
kept from charge failure.
Current-leading phase correction can perform more
accurate current phase calibration and improve output
efficiency of sine-wave drive by reading I_FB_REG
and writing ANG_REG.
FCM8201 can be forced into Sine-Wave Drive Mode.
The logic level of three signals - HA / HB / HC can be
separately configured as inverse, providing more Figure 28. Timing Diagram of Exiting SPI Mode
flexibility in choosing Hall sensors.
To return from SPI Mode to Stand-Alone Mode, MCU has
The function of Hall Signals Regulation can be enabled
to send four consecutive HIGH/LOW toggle signals from
to prevent Hall signals from becoming abnormal due to
SDO/SEN pins and keep SDO/SEN at high-level output of
noise interference.
open-drain (collector). If FCM8201 confirms exit of SPI
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) function of SPI Mode, within 5 s (tRES) SEN signal is lowered to a low-
interface can be enabled to avoid abnormal operation of level status and stays for about 1ms (tACK) so that MCU is
motor control due to communication errors. provided with sufficient time to acknowledge that
Voltage level of VSENSE pin can be read by the FCM8201 has exited SPI Mode. Then SDO changes back to
microcontroller using SPI. In this way, UV protection XP function and SEN to XN function.
or more flexible OV protection can be achieved.
Voltage level of RT pin can be read by microcontroller
using SPI. In this way, greater flexibility in the over-
temperature protection can be achieved.
Cause of all failures can be identified by using
STATUS_REG.

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 15
Table 3. Timing Specification of SPI Mode Enter and Exit
Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit

tTR Signals Toggle Transient Time fSYS=1.28 MHz 4 12 s
tSEL Signals Toggle Stable Time fSYS=1.28 MHz 12 100 s
tRES Response Time fSYS=1.28 MHz 4 s
tACK Acknowledge Time fSYS=1.28 MHz 1 ms
Example of Program for Entering and Quitting SPI Mode
sbit PIN_XP_SDO = P2^6; // to declare MCU I/O Port P2.6 to be XP/SDO pin
sbit PIN_XN_SEN = P2^4; // to declare MCU I/O Port P2.4 to be XN/SEN pin
void SPI_Enter_Routine() // to execute subprogram for entering SPI mode

{
unsigned char ReTry_Count = 3;
while (--ReTry_Count)
{
Send_Signals_Toggle();
Delay_1s (10); // waiting for 10s
if (!PIN_XP_SDO) return;
Delay_100s (15); // waiting for 1.5ms
}
}
void SPI_Exit_Routine() // to execute subprogram for quitting SPI mode

{
unsigned char ReTry_Count = 3;
while (--ReTry_Count)
{
Send_Signals_Toggle();
Delay_1s (10);
if (!PIN_XN_SEN) return;
Delay_100s (15);
}
}
void Send_Signals_Toggle() // subprogram for sending XP/XN high/low toggle signals

four times
{
PIN_XP_SDO = 1 // Toggle 1
PIN_XN_SEN = 0;
Delay_1s (50);
PIN_XP_SDO = 0; // Toggle 2
PIN_XN_SEN = 1;
Delay_1s (50);
PIN_XN_SEN = 0;
Delay_ s (50);
PIN_XN_SEN = 1;
Delay_1s (50);
PIN_XP_SDO = 1; // XP/XN keeping Open-Drain (Collector) high output
PIN_XN_SEN = 1;
}

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 16
Reading and Writing Operation of SPI Mode
Figure 29. Bus Timing Diagram of SPI
Table 4. Timing Specification of SPI
Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit

tEN_S Setup Time of SEN fSYS=1.28 MHz 2 s
tEN_H Hold Time of SEN fSYS=1.28 MHz 2 s
tSD_S Setup Time of SDO/SDI fSYS=1.28 MHz 0 s
tSD_H Hold Time of SDO/SDI fSYS=1.28 MHz 2 s
tCLK Cycle Time of SCK fSYS=1.28 MHz 12.5 s
tCLK_TO Time Out of SCK fSYS=1.28 MHz 100 ms
Figure 30. Read Operation Format
Figure 31. Write Operation Format

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 17
SPI interface offers the error detection function of 6-bit via SDO. Inconsistency of the two CRC contents indicates
cyclic redundancy check (CRC). By default, this function is error in communications for the present reading operation.
disabled. To enable it to prevent communication error from MCU has to re-execute the reading operation. During a
causing motor control failure, set CRC_ON bit of writing operation, FCM8201 automatically checks
WDT_REG to 1. consistency between CRC self-calculated and the CRC sent
by MCU. If consistent, upon the time at the final bit, SDO is
Whether CRC function is enabled or not, each reading /
changed to low-level status (i.e. ACK bit) to indicate no
writing operation digit has a length of 24 bits. The very first
error in communications. If MCU does not detect any ACK
6 bits stand for the address of the register to be read /
bit on the SCK rising edge of the final bit, that indicates
written; the following 2 bits, the control command to be
there is an error in the writing operation just performed and
executed for reading or writing (Read = 1,0; Write = 0,1);
the MCU must repeat execution.
the next 8 bits, data to be read / written from / to the
register; the preceding 6 bits of the last 8 bits, CRC CRC formula:
calculation value; and the lattermost two bits, invalid bits.
Calculation scope of CRC falls between A5 to D0, 16 bits in g x x 6 x 1 (8)
all. During reading operation, the master MCU has to
calculate the CRC of these 16 bits by itself; then a check is
performed for consistency with the CRC sent by FCM8201
Example of Program for CRC Calculation

ADDR: means the address of the register to be read / written.
RW: means the control command to be executed for reading or writing.
DATA: means the data to be read / written from / to the register.
int Cal_CRC(int ADDR, RW, DATA)

{
unsigned long Data_String, CRC_Accum, CRC_Result;
int i;
Data_String = (((ADDR & 0x3F) << 2 | (RW & 0x3)) << 8) | (DATA & 0xFF);
for ( i = 0; i <= 15; i++ )
{
if ( (Data_String & 0x8000) == 0x8000 )
{
CRC_Accum = Data_String & 0xFE00;
CRC_Accum = CRC_Accum ^ 0x8600;
Data_String = (Data_String & 0x01FF) | CRC_Accum;
}
if ( i == 15 )
break;
Data_String = Data_String << 1;
}
CRC_Result = ((Data_String & 0xFE00) >> 9) & 0x3F;
return CRC_Result;
}

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 18
SPI Readable / Writeable Register

Table 5. List of SPI Readable / Writeable Registers
Address Name Description

0x00 CNTL_REG System Control Register
0x01 PWM_REG PWM Control Register
0x02 ANG_REG Angle Shift Control Register
0x03 SVM_REG Sine-Wave Control Register
0x04 HALL_REG Hall Signals Control Register
0x05 Reserved
0x06 WDT_REG Watch Dog Timer Control Register
0x07 Reserved
0x08 DUTY_REG Duty Control Register
0x09 IP_REG Error Amplifier IP Pin Control Register
Table 6. CNTL_REG, System Control Register
Bit b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Name TMR_CLR OC_TMR2 OC_TMR1 OC_TMR0 IP_EA DT_EA CW/CCW FREE/nST
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
TMR_CLR: OC Timer clearing bit.

1: OC Timer clearing.
0: OC Timer normal operation.
OC_TMR[2:0]: Bit for setting OC Timer counter time. When I_IN pin voltage is greater than 1.4 V, the counter counts
upwards; less than 1.4 V, downwards. The clock frequency for upward-counting is four times that of
downward counting.
0,0,0: The counter does not work; the time of OC timer is determined by the capacitor of the external
OC_TMR pin.
0,0,1: Upward counting time = 2^18 fSYS. When fSYS=1.28 MHz, the upward counting takes 0.2 s
while the downward one, 0.8 s.
IP_EA: Bit for enabling IP_REG.
0: Duty width of PWM is controlled by external IP pin.
1: Duty width of PWM is controlled by internal IP_REG.
DT_EA: Bit for enabling DUTY_REG.
0: Duty width of PWM is controlled by external DUTY pin.
1: Duty width of PWM is controlled by internal DUTY_REG.

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 19
CW/CCW: Direction control bit.

0: CCW.
1: CW.
FREE/nST: Bit for controlling free operation or starting.
0: motor starts (nST).
1: motor free running (FREE).
Table 7. PWM_REG, PWM Control Register
Name PMOD NA DT1 DT0 SEQ_TBL SYN_OFF EXT_SYN LPWM
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
PMOD: Bit for selecting PWM drive mode.

0: After angle predictor makes a correct prediction, FCM8201 switches to sine-wave PWM drive.
1: After angle predictor makes a correct prediction, FCM8201 switches to square-wave PWM drive.
DT[1:0]: Bit for setting dead time.
0,0: 2.5 s
0,1: 2.0 s
1,0: 4.0 s
1,1: 3.5 s
SEQ_TBL: Bit for setting Commutation Mode of square-wave drive PWM.
0: PWM-PWM Mode commutation.
1: PWN-ON Mode commutation.
SYN_OFF: Bit for controlling synchronous rectifying function of square-wave drive.
0: Enable synchronous rectifying function of square-wave drive.
1: Disable synchronous rectifying function of square-wave drive.
EXT_SYN: On/off for synchronous rectifying function, bit for setting control by external pin OC_TMR.
0: On/off for synchronous rectifying function, to be determined by SYN_OFF bit.
1: When the value set for OC_TMR [2:0] of CNTL_REG is not 0,0,0, on/off of synchronous rectifying
function is determined by HIGH/LOW status of external pin OC_TMR.
LPWM: Bit for enabling low-side minimum PWM output function.
0: Disable low-side minimum PWM output function.
1: Enable low-side minimum PWM output function.
Note:
1. When PWM-ON is selected for square-drive PWM Commutation Mode, LPWM is set as 1. When PWM output is disabled,
FCM8201, at the low-side of the three phases, permanently outputs minimum PWM duty. This prevents high-side MOSFET
conduction failure resulting from shortage in opportunity for charging bootstrap capacitor of high/low-side driver IC.
Table 8. ANG_REG, Angle Shift Control Register
Name ANG_SEL ARNG1 ARNG0 ANG4 ANG3 ANG2 ANG1 ANG0
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ANG_SEL: For selecting input for angle shift control.

0: Angle shift is controlled by external AS pin.
1: Angle shift is controlled by internal ANG[4:0] bits.
ARNG[1:0]: For setting Hall frequency range available for operation of angle predictor.
0,0: Hall frequency available for operation ranges from 0.8 Hz to 80 Hz (48 ~ 4800 rpm at two-poled motor).
0,1: Hall frequency available for operation ranges from 0.4 Hz to 40 Hz (24 ~ 2400 rpm at two-poled motor).
1,x: Hall frequency available for operation ranges from 3.2 Hz to 320 Hz (192 ~ 19,200 rpm at two-poled motor).
ANG[4:0]: For setting shift angle.
Setting values 0 ~ 31 are equivalent to shift angle 0 ~ 58.
Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 20
Table 9. SVM_REG, Sine-Wave Control Register
Name SIN_MAU SIN_EA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
SIN_MAU: Bit for enabling forced activation of sine-wave drive.

0: Sine-wave drive is automatically enabled when conditions are met.
1: Sine-wave drive is forced to be enabled whether or not conditions are met.
Note:
2. When sine-wave drive is forced to be enabled, PWM output failure may occur when motor speed exceeds prediction range of angle
predictor or the revolving speed changes too quickly!
SIN_EA: For selecting PWM Output Mode when sine-wave drive is forced to be enabled.
0: square-wave drive PWM output.
1: sine-wave drive PWM output.
Note:
3. Forced sine-wave can be eventually enabled only when both bits of SIN_MAU and SIN_EA are set to 1.
Table 10. HALL_REG, Hall Signals Control Register
Name NA NA NA NA HREG HC_INV HB_INV HA_INV
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
HREG: For setting on/off for Hall signals regulation.

0: Disable Hall signals regulation.
1: Enable Hall signals regulation.
Note:
4. Whether Hall signal regulation is enabled or not, FCM8201 is provided with a debounce function for Hall signal to filter out 3 ~ 6 s
bounce noise. Enabling Hall signal regulation can further filter out abnormal signals that are more harmful than bounce noise and
prevent Hall signals from discontinuity that causes pauses in motor running.
HC_INV: Inverse setting of HC input signal.
0: No inverse for HC input.
1: Inverse for HC input.
HB_INV: Reverse setting of HB input signal.
0: No inverse for HB input.
1: Inverse for HB input.
HA_INV: Reverse setting of HA input signal.
0: No inverse for HA input.
1: Inverse for HA input.

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 21
Table 11. WDT_REG, Watch Dog Timer Control Register
Name OSL_DIS OTL_EA NA CRC_ON WDT_EN CLR W_TMR1 W_TMR0
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
OSL_DIS: For setting latch disabling for pin open/short-circuit protection. Only the R_CLK pin is provided with short
protection function; R_CLK and RT pins are provided with open-circuit protection.
0: Open/short-circuit protection does not provide latch function; so long as open/short status ends,
FCM8201 immediately restores PWM output.
1: After triggering of open/short-circuit protection, all PWM outputs are immediately turned off and latched
until the next time FREE/nST pin re-transitions to LOW level or until FREE/nST bit of CNTL_REG is set
to 1 and then set to 0.
OTL_EA: For enabling of over-temperature protection latch.
0: Over-temperature protection does not provide latch function; so long as over-temperature status ends,
FCM8201 immediately restores PWM output.
1: After triggering of over-temperature protection, all PWM outputs are immediately turned off and latched
until the next time FREE/nST pin re-transitions to LOW level or until FREE/nST bit of CNTL_REG is set
to 1 and then set to 0.
CRC_ON: For enabling of SPI CRC function.
0: SPI CRC is disabled.
1: SPI CRC is enabled.
WDT_EN: For enabling of watch dog timer (WDT).
0: WDT is disabled.
1: WDT is enabled.
W_TMR[1:0]: For setting time for watch dog timer.
0,0: When fSYS = 1.28 MHz, timing duration is 0.25 s.
0,1: When fSYS = 1.28 MHz, timing duration is 0.5 s.
1,0: When fSYS = 1.28 MHz, timing duration is 1 s.
1,1: When fSYS = 1.28 MHz, timing duration is 2 s.
Table 12. DUTY_REG, Duty Control Register
Name DUTY7 DUTY6 DUTY5 DUTY4 DUTY3 DUTY2 DUTY1 DUTY0
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
DUTY[7:0]: For setting duty width of PWM. When the DT_EA bit of CNTL_REG is set to 1, DUTY[7:0] takes the
place of the DUTY pin to control duty width of PWM.
A set value between 0 and 255 is equivalent to DUTY pin voltage 0.5 V ~ 4.5 V. (0 = Zero Duty,
255 = Full Duty).
Table 13. IP_REG, Error Amplifier IP Pin Control Register
Name IP7 IP6 IP5 IP4 IP3 IP2 IP1 IP0
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
IP[7:0]: For setting internal voltage level for IP pin for error amplifier. When IP_EA bit of CNTL_REG is set to 1,
the written value of IP[7:0] substitutes an external IP to become the IP pin voltage level of error amplifier.
A set value between 0 and 255 is equivalent to IP pin voltage 0.5 V ~ 4.5 V.

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 22
SPI Read-Only Register

Table 14. List of SPI Read Only Registers
Address Name Description

0x20 AS_REG AS Pin Voltage Level Read Register
0x21 VSENSE_REG VSENSE Pin Voltage Level Read Register
0x22 I_FB_REG I_FB Pin Voltage Level Read Register
0x23 RT_REG RT Pin Voltage Level Read Register
0x24
Reserved
0x25
0x26 HPERH_REG Hall Period Counter HIGH Byte Register
0x27 HPERL_REG Hall Period Counter LOW Byte Register
0x28 STATUS_REG System Status Register
Table 15. AS_REG, AS Pin Voltage Level Read Register
Name NA NA NA AS4 AS3 AS2 AS1 AS0
AS[4:0]: ADC value read at the AS pin voltage level.
AS (V ) AS [4 : 0] 0.125V 0.5V (9)
Table 16. VSENSE_REG, VSENSE Pin Voltage Level Read Register
Name NA NA NA VS4 VS3 VS2 VS1 VS0
VS[4:0]: ADC value read at the VSENSE pin voltage level.
VSENSE (V ) VS [4 : 0] 0.125V 0.5V (10)
Table 17. I_FB_REG, I_FB Pin Voltage Level Read Register
Name NA NA NA IFB4 IFB3 IFB2 IFB1 IFB0
IFB[4:0]: ADC value read at the I_FB pin voltage level.
I _ FB(V ) IFB[4 : 0] 0.125V 0.5V (11)
Table 18. RT_REG, RT Pin Voltage Level Read Register
Name NA NA NA RT4 RT3 RT2 RT1 RT0
RT[4:0]: ADC value read at the RT pin voltage level.
RT (V ) RT [4 : 0] 0.125V 0.5V (12)

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 23
Table 19. HPERH_REG, Hall Period Counter High Byte Register
Name HP15 HP14 HP13 HP12 HP11 HP10 HP9 HP8
Table 20. HPERL_REG, Hall Period Counter Low Byte Register
Name HP7 HP6 HP5 HP4 HP3 HP2 HP1 HP0
HP[15:0]: Time length counting value for each configuration change of Hall signal HA/B/C.
HP[15 : 0]
t (13)
CLK HPER
Notes:
5. If ARNG[1:0]=0,0, then, CLKHPER = fSYS 4.
6. If ARNG[1:0]=0,1, then, CLKHPER = fSYS 8.
7. If ARNG[1:0]=1,x, then, CLKHPER = fSYS.
Figure 32. Time Counting of Hall Period Counter Registers

Note:
8. When reading these two registers, always read HPERH_REG before reading HPERL_REG. Once HPERH_REG has been read,
FCM8201 immediately suspends content update of both registers. FCM8201 does not re-count the new Hall signal change duration
until HPERL_REG is also read.
Table 21. STATUS_REG, System Status Register
Name OT OC OS OV H_ERR DIR WDT SHORT
OT: Read value 1 indicates over-temperature protection has been triggered (RT pin voltage less than 1.0 V).
OC: Read value 1 indicates overload over-current protection has been triggered.
OS: Read value 1 indicates R_CLK and RT pins open/short-circuit protection has been triggered.
OV: Read value 1 indicates over-voltage protection has been triggered (VSENSE pin voltage higher than 4.5 V).
H_ERR: Read value 1 indicates error in Hall input signals (HA/B/C has such signal configuration as 0/0/0 or 1/1/1).
DIR: Read value 1 indicates the direction and order of Hall signals are not consistent with direction of internal
PWM sequencer.
WDT: Read value 1 indicates timing of watch dog timer is timeout.
SHORT: Read value 1 indicates short-circuit over-current protection has been triggered (I_IN pin voltage higher than 2.5 V).

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 24
Related Datasheets
FCM8201 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
DISCLAIMER
FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS
HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION, OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE
APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS
PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS.
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY

FAIRCHILDS PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION.
As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device
(a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably
support or sustain life, or (c) whose failure to perform when expected to cause the failure of the life support device or
properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in
significant injury to the user.

Rev. 1.0.3 4/8/14 25

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Features Figure 1. Clock Generator

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PWM Duty Control Square-Wave PWM Motor Drive

2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation www.fairchildsemi.com

Figure 3. PWM-PWM Commutation at CW/CCW=1

Figure 4. PWM-PWM Commutation at CW/CCW=0

Figure 5. Commutation Between U-W and U-V

Negative Current as One of

Figure 6. Current Waveform of PWM-PWM Commutation

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PWM-ON Commutation of Square-Wave Drive

Figure 7. PWM-ON Commutation at CW/CCW=1

Figure 8. PWM-ON Commutation at CW/CCW=0

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Figure 9. Current Waveform of PWM-ON Commutation

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Sine-Wave PWM Motor Drive

For motors other than two-poled motors, the following

Table 2. Sine-Wave Active / Inactive Conditions

Angle AS Pin / DUTY Pin / SIN_MAU SIN_EA PMOD

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Current Leading Phase Correction

Figure 11. Sine-Wave Output at CW/CCW=1

Figure 13. Current Leading Phase Correction

Figure 12. Sine-Wave Output at CW/CCW=0

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Figure 15. Hall Position

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Figure 17. Curve of Type 1

Type 2: AS Voltage Greater than I_FB Voltage;

4. When the upper half cycle center of U-phase current

Step 5: Analyze Measurement Records and Select

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ARNG[1:0] / ANG_REG CLKHPER

Figure 20. Close-Loop Speed Control with SPI

4.5V 0.5V FO signal changes every time Hall signal changes.

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Current Feedback and Current Protections

Torque Error Amplifier

Overload Current Protection

Figure 22. Block Diagram of Current Feedback and Protections

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Application of Over-Current Protections

Turn off PWM, PWM turns off

Figure 24. Operating of Current Protections

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Voltage Protection for System and

SPI Operation Mode

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Table 3. Timing Specification of SPI Mode Enter and Exit

Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit

Example of Program for Entering and Quitting SPI Mode

void SPI_Enter_Routine() // to execute subprogram for entering SPI mode

void SPI_Exit_Routine() // to execute subprogram for quitting SPI mode

void Send_Signals_Toggle() // subprogram for sending XP/XN high/low toggle signals

2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation www.fairchildsemi.com

Reading and Writing Operation of SPI Mode

Figure 29. Bus Timing Diagram of SPI

Table 4. Timing Specification of SPI