The Roles of The Traffic Officers in The Maintenance of Order in The National Highway in Maranding As Perceived by The Pedicab Drivers
The Roles of The Traffic Officers in The Maintenance of Order in The National Highway in Maranding As Perceived by The Pedicab Drivers
The Roles of The Traffic Officers in The Maintenance of Order in The National Highway in Maranding As Perceived by The Pedicab Drivers
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
PRESENTED TO THE THESIS COMMITTEE OF
NORTH CENTRAL MINDANAO COLLEGES
MARANDING, LALA, LANAO DEL NORTE
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE COURSE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLGY
BY:
MARCH 2017
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
to ensure the safety of drivers, commuters and the general public. Confronted
with the worsening challenge of accidents and even crimes in the road,
system of traffic is effected by the local government. The planning comes from
the local legislature and the local executive, and the burden of its
In the Philippines, the most congested city is Manila where most of the
Provinces is not comparable with the congestion of the traffic in Metro Manila,
still the Legislature did not exclude the role of the local government to install
model when it comes to effective traffic management with its state of the art
traffic system and the calibre training of its personnel (Borja, et.al, 2014).
and education in the western part of Lanao del Norte. It is also the highest
income-generating municipality in Lanao del Norte. Because of its progress
and development, it is also akin to the traffic problems like other towns/cities
in the Philippines. Currently there are many projects and plans affected by the
However, despite with its progress, its residents are not akin to the
local branch – the City Mayor. The only visible implementation of traffic
management is its personnel manning the roads and issuing citations for
violations committed.
office of the Barangay Maranding Police Station, these traffic enforcers are
the personnel tasked with the responsibility of orderly conduct of rules and
safety policies in the road. These are reliable personnel that ensures the good
traffic flow in the city’s major thoroughfares. Further, the main concern of the
Lanao del Norte as perceived by the pedicab drivers for the year 2016-2017.
It further assesses the current traffic condition as well as the major causes of
component comprises of the natural and the built environments and transport
that road users adhere to the controls and regulations of traffic flow for
and control to set operational standard in the road without the accompaniment
urbanized city, aside from the penalty impose by the law, the effectiveness of
assesses the current traffic condition as well as the major causes of traffic
study.
I. Current Traffic
Condition:
Physical
Condition of Perceptions of
the Road the Pedicab
Current Drivers Solutions on
Traffic Flow Traffic
Statistics Congestions
II. Causes of
Traffic
Congestion
III. Traffic Officers’
Role
The figure above shows the conceptual framework of the study. The
physical condition of the road and the current traffic flow statistics; causes of
the traffic congestion in the area and the traffic officer’s role. It is connected
with an arrow to its process which is the perceptions of the pedicab drivers
who were the respondents of the study. The output of the study will show the
This study was focused on the role roles of the traffic officers in the
national highways?
The study was focused on the role roles of the traffic officers in the
Norte as perceived by the pedicab drivers for the year 2016-2017. Moreover,
It further described the current traffic conditions of the target area in terms of
its physical condition of the road and current traffic flow statistics.
Descriptive method was used in this study. A total of fifty (50) research
Pedicab Drivers. This will help them aware on the national law and
practice with regards to the national highways traffic management. The direct
transportation will help alleviate the traffic congestion as they could be aware
on their traffic violations and management as citizens and road rights doers.
Commuters. This study will give them idea on the current traffic
will also make them aware on the role of the commuters as one of the factors
to the traffic congestions in Maranding national highway. The study will also
correlate with the benefits for the community such as but not limited to safety
and security in the street, reduced accidents, and awareness of a rules and
Traffic Officers. This study will help them assess their own selves on
officers in the local area. This will also remind them on proper practice as
Definition of Terms
highways within existing regulation to make their use safe and expeditious.
result of warning alone. There are 3 types of traffic warning; visual, verbal,
and written.
Verbal Warning. This form of safety education tells the driver or violator
Visual Warning. This is usually used when you have observed a minor
This chapter reviews the related literature that would shed light on the
focus of the study and finds research gaps where this current study tackled.
standards. At times they may also be called highway patrol officer. They
These days, there are even imaginative and creative traffic enforcers who do
different gimmicks to catch the attention of the people on the road and make
them follow rules and traffic regulations cheerfully as with the dancing traffic
police. It may also be a way to ease the stress and tension while on the road
Traffic enforcement
Traffic laws are enforced by the Traffic Management Group (TMG), the
traffic division of each district police, and the LTO. In 1978, Presidential
Manila to the Metro Manila Commission (MMC), now the Metro Manila
Development Authority. The TMG, being a national support unit of the PNP,
has traffic management offices scattered in the different regions and
(TMTs) that are also capable of performing the functions of the TMG
coordination and cooperation with the MMDA for Metro Manila and the local
police units in the different regions, the TMG has at its disposal the traffic
conduct traffic direction and control to ensure the smooth flow of traffic (Sigua,
2008).
on the road, prevent traffic violations and take appropriate measures against
violators. The patrolling has a supervisory preventive role and shall create a
safer environment for all traffic actors. The traffic police analyses, plans and
designs strategies for sustainable traffic safety levels. The Traffic Police Units
on the streets. Traffic flow monitoring can be done with the support of
technical equipment monitoring- speed cameras. The traffic police are also
reasonably well informed about when and where the risks for accidents may
increase; cooperation with other central and local authorities’ and civil society
provides data on traffic intensity, road conditions etc. The traffic police can
effective, the traffic police need competent staff and proper equipment such
alcohol tests. In many countries the traffic police are also equipped with
onensuring that traffic rules and regulations are followed by all drivers,
especially the aged and children to cross the street (at times), and people who
might have lost their way. It extends to other tasks such as catching traffic
approachable personality so people in need would not hesitate to ask for help
or would not be intimidated and shy off. And also educating people on traffic
safety and health. They mostly focused on recording traffic violations, traffic
behavior from the discipline of psychology. Interviews with police officers were
decisions that police officers ultimately make. The results indicated that officer
with the caution that the impact of these attitudes varies across varying
by perceived limits on their discretion with these perceived limits being largely
request of public for safety and security such as traffic calming measures
(ZRP), (Mbara, 2002). The police reports failed to find an answer as to why
This has hindered road traffic authorities adequately deal with the problem of
recently conducted study among the West Bengal Police Officers revealed
that 42 and 12% of the West Bengal Police Officers were suffering from
revealed that the main areas of stress included un-profitability (32%), role
special attention is required for taking need-based measures for each of the
above areas of stress for unburdening the level of stress among West Bengal
another study carried out in Kolkata Traffic Police Officers, authors found that
the main causes of stress were inadequate rest,no leave, abstaining from
& Srivastava,2005b). Green (2004) carried out a study among Police Officers
with a view to ascertaining whether the Police Officers had severe post-
transportation engineering that deals with the planning, geometric design, and
2008).
In the United States, it was in 1921 when the title “traffic engineer” was
were already going on. The use of traffic signals for controlling traffic came
much earlier. The first recorded use of traffic signals was in 1868 in Great
Britain. The signals were illuminated by town gas. However, the use of gas
finally officially established and defined. The society played a key role in
2008).
The traffic engineering practice in the Philippines is still new. Most
police outposts located at the center of the intersection. In 1977, the Traffic
traffic control system in Metro Manila. It was almost at the same period when
the Traffic Control Center, later renamed as the Traffic Engineering Center
(TEC), was established. The center was responsible for the implementation of
Cooperation Agency (JICA). TTC started its training program in 1978 in the
for traffic law enforcers. TTC was renamed as the National Center for
Traffic Code, provides for the system of registration of motor vehicles, checks
on the regulatory body (LTFRB) the power to compel any public service
provider to furnish safe, adequate, and proper service as regards the manner
of furnishing the same as well as the maintenance of necessary materials and
equipment.
Office as the sectoral agency responsible for implementing and carrying out
policies, rules, and regulations governing the land transportation system of the
country.
and Regulatory Board with the main function of regulating the land transport
Republic Act 6975 established the Department of the Interior and Local
Government (DILG), including the creation of the PNP under which the Traffic
In this brief, this study will investigates the role of the traffic officers in
as perceived by the respondents for the year 2016-2017. Further, this will
include the current traffic condition of the area and its major causes of traffic
congestion. The study output will seek for solutions on alleviation of traffic
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
describes the nature of a situation as it exists at the time of the study and
explore the course of a particular phenomenon (Harold, 2013) It has for its
described the current traffic conditions at Maranding national highway and the
role of traffic officers in maintaining the order of the national highway for the
The study was conducted at Maranding, Lala, Lanao del Norte for the
and education in the western part of Lanao del Norte. It is also the highest
Research Subjects/Respondents
Lala, Lanao del Norte for the year 2016-2017. There were a total of fifty (50)
that relies on data collection from population members who are conveniently
given in this study. The questionnaires were divided into four (4) parts: (1)
Current Traffic Condition, (2) Major Causes of Traffic Congestion, (3) Traffic
variables of the study will measure through hypothetical mean range of: 0.00-
1.49 – Strongly Agree (SA), 1.50- 2 – Agree (A), 2.50-3.49 – Neutral (N),
The following data procedures were followed to collect the data needed
understanding about the problem. The researchers examined the speed of the
and in national highway in front of Christ the King College. The researchers
Statistical Treatment
Mean. This was used to determine the average score in each item
garnered from the research survey. Table 1 shows the current traffic condition
in terms of physical condition of the road. Table 2 shows the current traffic
flow statistics. Table 3 shows the mean score of major causes of traffic
Summary of Findings
Conclusions
Recommendation
REFERENCES
Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH). 2004. Highway safety
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name (Optional):
Gender:
Directions: Please rate the current traffic condition according to your level of
agreement or disagreement. Put a check mark (√) on the box column that
corresponds to your answer. Use the likert scale below:
4 condition
Plenty of passenger
1 car/tricycle/pedicabs
2 Road obstructions
3 Narrow road/lane
6 Undisciplined drivers
7 Undisciplined commuters
Directions: Please rate the traffic officers’ role in Maranding national highway
according to your level of agreement or disagreement. Put a check mark (√)
on the box column that corresponds to your answer. Use the likert scale
below:
No. Highway SA A N D SD
2 emergency call.
3 provoking circumstances.
8 violation.
10 favor.
29
Assist the public when necessary and
11 requested.
1 Road rehabilitation
4 Additional routes
30