Heat Exchangers Training Materials
Heat Exchangers Training Materials
Heat Exchangers Training Materials
and
Heat Exchangers
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Please could you tell us:
•Your name
•Your organisation and job
•Your state and language
•Your Expectation from the
course
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GroundRules
Respect the Autonomy of Others
Be Open Minded
Share knowledge
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COURSE SUMMARY
Introduction
Understanding of Heat Transfer principles
Types of Heat Exchanger
Uses in chemical processes
Classification of heat exchangers according to flow
Integration of fouling considerations and performance
monitoring
Operation ,Troubleshooting and maintenance
activities
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COURSE OBJECTIVE
Understand heat transfer fundamentals
Analyze exchanger operational parameters
Determine correct troubleshooting techniques
Determine the correct selection criteria for heat
exchangers
Troubleshoot exchange problems and solve them
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SAFETY SHOULD GUIDE ALWAYS
Always ensure that you follow all safety procedures as
specified by operation and maintenance instruction as
specified by manufacturer.
Ensure all Personal protective equipment is put on
Ensure that the Heat exchanger inlet Valve is close and
TAG OUT before maintenance
When opening up the heat exchanger for maintenance
ensure that the fluid are completely drain and allow to
cool down if hot process or if cooled heat exchanger ,
Ice is allowed to melt out
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Definition of Heat Transfer
Heat is the transfer of kinetic energy from one
medium or object to another, or from an energy source
to a medium or object. Such energy transfer can occur
in three ways:
Radiation
Conduction
Convection
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CONDUCTION
Heat by conduction takes place when two material
media or objects are in direct contact, and the
temperature of one is higher than the temperature of
the other. The temperatures tend to equalize; thus the
heat conduction consists of a transfer of kinetic energy
from the warmer medium to the cooler one. An
example is the immersion of a chilled human body in a
hot bath.
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CONVENTION
Heat by convection occurs when the motion of a liquid
or gas carries energy from a warmer region to a cooler
region. A good example of convection is the tendency
of warm air to rise and cool air to fall, equalizing the
air temperature inside a room containing a hot stove.
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HEAT EXCHANGERS
A mechanical device whose primary purpose is the
transfer of energy between two fluids is named a
Heat Exchanger.
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Types of Heat Exchanger
Shell and tube
Double pipe
Plate
Finned tubes/gas heaters
spiral
Vessel jackets
Reboilers and vaporizers/evaporators
Etc
Direct/indirect
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Applications :
Air conditioning
Refrigeration
Chemical plants
Petrochemical plants
Sewage treatments
Petroleum refineries
CO2 Process plant
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SHELL AND TUBE.
Shell & tube heat exchangers
Advantages Disadvantages
Widely known and understood Less thermally efficient than other types of
since it is the most common type heat transfer equipment
Most versatile in terms of types of Subject to flow induced vibration which Can
service leadto equipment failure
Widest range of allowable design Not well suited for temperature cross
pressures and temperatures conditions (multiple units in series must be
used)
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PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER
Compact Heat Exchangers
Advantages Disadvantages
Low initial purchase cost (plate type) Narrower rage of allowable pressures and temperatures
Many different configurations are available (gasketed, Subject to plugging/fouling due to very narrow flow path
semi-welded, welded, spiral)
High heat transfer coefficients (3 or more times greater Gasketed units require specialized opening and closing
than for shell & tube heat exchangers, due to much higher procedures
wall shear stress)
Tend to exhibit lower fouling characteristics due to the high Material of construction selection is critical since wall
turbulence within the exchanger thickness very thin (typically less than 10 mm)
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Classification according to flow:
Parallel flow H. E. : The two fluids enter the exchanger
at the same end, and travel in parallel to one another
to the other side.
Counter Flow H.E. : the fluids enter the exchanger
from opposite ends.
Cross Flow H.E. : the fluids travel roughly
perpendicular to one another through the exchanger.
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Plate Heat exchangers :
Composed of multiple, thin, slightly-separated plates that
have very large surface areas and fluid flow passages for heat
transfer.
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QUESTION AND ANSWER
?
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I indeed grateful for your time and the learning experience with
you all .I look forward to see you again in AETI
Precious E.O.Adeho
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