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    Comparison Between Orthonasal and Retronasal Flavour Perception at Different Concentrations

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    Farhan Rahmadi
    This document compares orthonasal and retronasal flavor perception at different concentrations. It describes experiments using a supra-threshold olfactometer to deliver precise concentrations of aroma compounds and collect sensory data from panelists on intensity scales. Results showed that compounds needed higher concentrations to be perceived as similarly intense via the retronasal route compared to orthonasal. A correlation was found between the retronasal to orthonasal ratio and the water-air partition coefficient of compounds, indicating the role of solubility in determining the difference between the two perceptual routes.

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    Comparison Between Orthonasal and Retronasal Flavour Perception at Different Concentrations

    Uploaded by

    Farhan Rahmadi
    28 views6 pages
    This document compares orthonasal and retronasal flavor perception at different concentrations. It describes experiments using a supra-threshold olfactometer to deliver precise concentrations of aroma compounds and collect sensory data from panelists on intensity scales. Results showed that compounds needed higher concentrations to be perceived as similarly intense via the retronasal route compared to orthonasal. A correlation was found between the retronasal to orthonasal ratio and the water-air partition coefficient of compounds, indicating the role of solubility in determining the difference between the two perceptual routes.

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    This document compares orthonasal and retronasal flavor perception at different concentrations. It describes experiments using a supra-threshold olfactometer to deliver precise concentrations of aroma compounds and collect sensory data from panelists on intensity scales. Results showed that compounds needed higher concentrations to be perceived as similarly intense via the retronasal route compared to orthonasal. A correlation was found between the retronasal to orthonasal ratio and the water-air partition coefficient of compounds, indicating the role of solubility in determining the difference between the two perceptual routes.

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    28 views6 pages

    Comparison Between Orthonasal and Retronasal Flavour Perception at Different Concentrations

    Uploaded by

    Farhan Rahmadi
    This document compares orthonasal and retronasal flavor perception at different concentrations. It describes experiments using a supra-threshold olfactometer to deliver precise concentrations of aroma compounds and collect sensory data from panelists on intensity scales. Results showed that compounds needed higher concentrations to be perceived as similarly intense via the retronasal route compared to orthonasal. A correlation was found between the retronasal to orthonasal ratio and the water-air partition coefficient of compounds, indicating the role of solubility in determining the difference between the two perceptual routes.

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    of 6

    Comparison between orthonasal and retronasal flavour

    perception at different concentrations


    Marian Espinosa Diaz*
    Givaudan Flavors Corp., 1199 Edison Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45216, USA

    Introduction
    Table 1. Panel scaling intensities on 0–150 scale (relat-
    ive to reference at 120–135)

    Experimental

    Static Headspace Gas Chromatography

    













    Sensory Evaluation

    Dose–Response Curves

    


    Figure 1. Scheme of a supra-threshold-olfactometer. 1,2, Mass flow controllers; 3, saturation chamber; 4, mixing
    chamber; 5, mixing restriction; 6, computer-controlled injection mechanism; 7, pressure sensor; 8, sniffing port

    Matching Flavour Concentration for Same


    Orthonasal and Retronasal Intensities
    Table 2. Logarithm of miglyol-to-air partition coefficients (Log Pma) of flavour com-
    pounds obtained by static headspace and by calculation of flavour retained over time
    at different flow rates using the supra-threshold olfactometer

    Flavour compound Log Pma

    Static Flow rate (ml/min)


    headspace
    5 10 50 100

       
       
       
       
       
       

    




    














    Results and Discussion

    Determination of the Equivalent Concentration


    in Water of the Aroma Vapour Phase Delivered
    by the Olfactometer
    Table 3. Parameters of the intensity vs. concentration
    curves

    Compound Dose–response equation


    at the supra-threshold level

    Orthonasal Retronasal

     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     




      








    Figure 2. Comparison of orthonasal (◆) and


    retronasal (☐ ) dose–response curves of a homologous
    series of esters

    

    







    

    
    Table 4. Calculated concentrations in water that are perceived at a moderate intens-
    ity (I  60) via orthonasal and retronasal pathways

    Compound Log Pwaa Log Pmab Concentration Concentration Retronasal:


    for orthonasal for retronasal orthonasal
    perception (g/l) perception (g/l) ratio

    Conclusion

    Figure 3. Correlation between the retronasal:


    orthonasal ratio and the water-to-air partition coeffi-
    cients of flavour compounds. ◆, R:O values obtained
    using dose–response curves; Q, R:O ratios determined
    using moderate intensities

    
    References

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