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CHAPTER 2: WATER

1. WATER – the liquid part that comprises ¾ or 75% of


the earth. It comes from different sources may it be
open or closed sources. It may also come from small or
big bodies of water like lakes, river, seas, brook, falls or
ocean. Clouds is also a source of water that is called
rainwater.
2. Water has three forms:
- Solid water is - The water that we drink.
called ice. is the liquid form of water.
- Gaseous water comes
in the form of steam.
3. Three Main Sources of Water
1. Seawater – contains
plenty of salt and found
in the seas and oceans.
Seawater is also
called hard water.
2. Freshwater – is also called surface water. It does
not contain salt. It is found in open but small bodies
of water like river, creeks and ponds. Surface water
comes mostly from rain. In cold countries, it comes
from snow that melted. Great quantities of snow
accumulate on highlands & mountains during winter.
3. Groundwater – is found beneath the earth’s surface.
It comes from water that seeps into the ground.
These accumulate in the underground layer of water
called table. Groundwater is the safe source of water
especially for drinking. It contains the cleanest water
that contains plenty of dissolved minerals that
4. humans needs. Springs is the opening where the
underground water directly comes to the earth’s
surface.
4.Other sources of water:
* Clouds * Iceberg
Glaciers
USES OF WATER
1. Water has important and environmental functions.
 For humans, water is needed for all of our body
functions. These includes digesting foods, removing
wastes, regulating body temperature and on
transporting nutrients and oxygen all over the body
 For plants and animals, water
is used for drinking
for their growth and
health.Plants absorb
mineral content
from water. Water keeps the plant cells rigid.
 Water serves as habitat for some water animals like
fishes, frogs, crocodiles and sharks.
 Water serves as a place for recreation and
transportation.
 Water is used to do household things, laundering
clothes, watering plants, cooking food and many
more. Water is needed in all our daily activities.
2. Water is a renewable resources because of the water
cycle. Some places do not have enough water because
of two problems: amount of distribution and quality or
safety.
There are two most important sources of water supply:
the SURFACE WATER and GROUND WATER.
3. USES OF FRESHWATER
 For cleaning, washing, bathing, preparing foods and
other household uses.
 It is used to water plants.
 It is given to animals for drinking.
 it is used for drinking.
4. USES OF SEAWATER
 Habitat of aquatic plants and animals.
 Used for recreation such as swimming, boating and
surfing and routes for local and international
transportation and navigation.
 Used for producing salt.

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