Math Prelims Soln
Math Prelims Soln
Math Prelims Soln
1. Let x be the price of high heels, y be the price of facial mask and z be the price of
handbag in dollars.
We have,
5 x + 10 y + 3 z = 1298.20
2 x + 7 y + 8 z = 1158.30
3 x + 15 y + 5 z = 1837.70
Solving, x = 29.9, y = 99.9, z = 49.9
Total cost of gift = 29.90 + 5 × 99.90 + 2 × 49.90 = $629.20
2. (i)
1+1 2
u 2 = 2 u1 = 2 =
1 (2 − 1)!
2 +1 3 3
u3 = 2 u 2 = =
2 2 (3 − 1)!
3 +1 2 4
u 4 = 2 u3 = =
3 3 (4 − 1)!
4 +1 5 5
u5 = 2 u 4 = =
4 24 (5 − 1)!
n
(ii) Hence, we have the conjecture u n =
(n − 1)!
n
Let Pn be the statement “ u n = for all n ∈ Ν ”.
( n − 1)!
1
Since LHS = u1 = 1 = = RHS , so P1 is true.
(1 − 1)!
k
Assume Pk is true for some k ∈ Ν , i.e. u k =
( k − 1)!
k +1
We want to show that u k +1 = is also true
( k )!
k + 1
u k +1 = 2 u k
k
k + 1 k
= 2
k ( k − 1)!
k +1 k +1
= =
k (k − 1)! k!
16
14 14 9
n −1
(ii) xn converges ⇒ x n , x n +1 → L so L = ln L2 + 2
so 2 ln L + 2 − L = 0 so L = α or β as above.
2
(iii) x n +1 − x n = ln x n + 2 − x n .
2 2
From graph, if α < x n < β , ln x n + 2 − x n > 0 ⇒ ln x n + 2 > x n ⇒ x n +1 > x n
2 2
Also, if x n < α or x n > β , ln x n + 2 − x n < 0 ⇒ ln x n + 2 < x n ⇒ x n+1 < x n .
5. (i) =
dx (x − 1)2
dy
For stationary points, = 0 ⇒ 2ax 2 + x − 2ax − 1 − ax 2 − x = 0
dx
ax 2 − 2 ax − 1 = 0
4 a 2 + 4a < 0
4 a ( a + 1) < 0
−1 < a < 0
ax 2 + x 1+ a
(ii) y= = ax + (1 + a ) +
x −1 x −1
y
Asymptotes: y = ax + (1 + a )
x =1
1
− , 0 Axial Intercepts: (0, 0)
a x
(0, 0) 1
− , 0
a
y = ax + (1 + a)
x =1
[Students will not be penalized if they draw the 2 asymptotes intersecting at (1,0)]
4
2
6. (a)(i) y = f (x) y
x
−2 0 1
− 2
(ii) y = f ′( x ) y
x
−1 0 1
(b) y = 2 x −3
↓ C’
y=
2
2 (
1 x −3
)
= 2 x−4
↓ B’
y = 2 ( x + 4)−4
↓ A’
y = 2−x
7. (i) AB = 2 BP
5
1 1
OP = (3 OB – OA ) = 1
2 2
8
5
1 1
(ii) Equation of lAB: r = 2 + µ − 1
1 2
0 2
Equation of l: r = 1 + λ − 1
2 1
1 + µ 2λ
If they intersect, 2 − µ = 1 − λ
1 + 2 µ 2 + λ
λ = 2, µ = 3
Check by substituting into unused equation, 1 + 6 ≠ 2 + 2
Hence they do not intersect.
− 2 1
0 x − 1
2 2
22
(iii) Shortest distance from C to AB = =
6 3
1
1 22
Area of triangle ABC = − 1 = 11
2 3
2
dy
(iii) When tangent is parallel to the y-axis, gradient =∝
dx
y − 4x
⇒ =∝
7y − x
⇒ 7y − x =0
⇒ x = 7y
Substituting into equation of the curve,
(7y + 2y)2 + 3(7y − y)2 = 27
⇒ (9y)2 + 3(6y)2 = 27
⇒ 81y2 + 108y2 = 27
27 9 1
⇒ y2 = = =
189 63 7
1
⇒ y =±
7
Substituting into x = 7y, equations of tangents are x = ± 7
d3 y dy d2 y −y dy
(ii) Diff wrt x: 3 + 2 2 =−e
dx dx dx dx
When x = 0, y = ln (1 − sin 0) = ln 1 = 0
dy dy
e0 = − cos 0 ⇒ =−1
dx dx
d2 y 2 0 d2 y
+ (−1) = e − 1 ⇒ =−1
dx2 dx2
d3 y 0 d3 y
+ 2 (−1)(−1) = − e (−1) ⇒ 3 = − 1
dx3 dx
−1 2 −1 3
Hence, y = 0 + (−1)x + x + x +…
2! 3!
1 1
= − x − x2 − x3 + …
2 6
7
1 2 1 3
(iii) From part (ii), ln (1 − sin x) = − x −
x − x +…
2 6
− cos x cos x 1
Differentiating wrt x, = = − 1 − x − x2 + …
1 − sin x sin x − 1 2
x2
(iv) If x is small, sin x ≈ x and cos x ≈ 1 −
2
x2
(1 −
)
cos x 2
So, ≈
sin x − 1 x−1
x2
= (1 − )(x − 1)−1
2
x2
= − (1 − )(1 − x)−1
2
x2
= − (1 − )(1 + x + x2 + …)
2
x2
= − (1 − + … + x + … + x2 + …)
2
1
= − 1 − x − x2 + …
2
Expansion valid for |x| < 1
10. 1 2x 1
∫e e sin x − ∫ e 2 x cos x dx
sin x dx =
2x
(a)
2 2
1 1 1 1
= e 2 x sin x − e 2 x cos x + ∫ e 2 x sin x dx
2 2 2 2
1 2x 1 2x 1 2x
= e sin x − e cos x − ∫ e sin x dx
2 4 4
1 1 1
⇒ 1 + ∫ e 2 x sin x dx = e 2 x sin x − cos x + C
4 2 2
2 1
⇒ ∫ e 2 x sin x dx = e 2 x sin x − cos x + D
5 2
10. (b) When t = -π, x = -2π
When t = π, x = 2π
π
Area bounded by C and the x-axis = ∫ π 2(1 − cos t )[2(1 − cos t )] dt
−
= 4 ∫ (1 − 2 cos t + cos t ) dt
π
2
−π
π cos 2t + 1
= 4 ∫ 1 − 2 cos t + dt
−π
2
π
11
= 4 t − 2 sin t + sin 2t + t
22 −π
1 1
= 4 π + π − − π − π
2 2
8
= 12π
Volume of solid
3.84005 1
=π∫ ln y dy + π (1.15995) (5 − 3.84005)
2
1 3
= 8.94 cubic units
11. (a)(i)
[k=0]
[k=1]
[k= –1]
[k=2]
[k= –2]
[k= –3]
(ii)
Im(z)
z2
z4
z1
Re(z)
z6
z3
z5
Equation of circle:
11. (b)(i) z − 3 + 2i ≤ − 2 3 + i
z − (3 − 2i ) ≤ 12 + 1
z − (3 − 2i ) ≤ 13
9
Circle, center (3, -2), radius
(3, -2)
(6, -5)
Section A
1. 2
2 x + 4 x − 70
−1 ≥ 0
x 2 + 4 x − 77
2 x 2 + 4 x − 70 − x 2 − 4 x + 77
≥0
x 2 + 4 x − 77
x2 + 7
≥0
x 2 + 4 x − 77
x2 + 7
≥0
( x + 11)( x − 7)
Since numerator is always positive, we can consider
( x + 11)( x − 7) > 0
x > 7 or x < −11
Substitute x with e x ,
∴ e x > 7 or e x < −11 (N.A.)
∴ x > ln 7 or 1.95 (3 s.f.)
2. 1 2 2
(a)(i) Normal of p1 = 1 x − 1 = 1
1 1 − 3
− 1
Direction of l1 = 1
1
2 − 1
1 . 1
− 3 1
Angle between l1 and normal of p1 = cos −1
= 128.1
o
(4 + 1 + 9)(1 + 1 + 1)
o o o
Hence angle between l1 and p1 = 128.1 – 90 = 38.1
3.75 4
4 x − 15 5
(ii) 0 and − 0.5 are two points on the line = y; z=
2 .5 2 .5 − 2 2
Substituting each point into equation of plane,
3.75α + 2.5β = 1 …. (1)
1
3.25α + 2.5β = 0 …. (2)
α = 2, β = – 2.6
2
Normal of p 3 = b
1
− 0 .5
Direction vector of l 2 = 1
0
2 − 0 .5
b . 1 = 0; b = 1
1 0
Eqn of plane p 4 containing line l 2 is
2 3.75 2
r. 1 = 0 . 1 = 10
1 2 .5 1
10 1 3 6
Distance between l 2 and p3 = − =
6 6 2
(iii)
y
2 y=x
y = x+
x
( 2, 2 2 )
(− 2 , − 2 2 )
Rf = (−∞, − 2 2 ] ∪ [2 2 , ∞)
2
Since the line y = c (candidates should indicate a horizontal line where c > 2 2 or
c < −2 2 ) cuts the graph twice, f is not 1-1 and hence f-1 does not exist.
dy
4. (a) Since y = x and =1,
dx
x2 + x2
LHS = 1 = = RHS
2 x2
(b) y = ux
dy du
=u+x
dx dx
du x 2 + u 2 x 2
u+x =
dx 2 x (ux )
du 1 + u 2
u+x =
dx 2u
2
du 1 + u
x = −u
dx 2u
du 1 + u 2 − 2u 2
x =
dx 2u
du 1 − u 2
x = ( shown)
dx 2u
2u 1
∫ 1 − u 2 du = ∫ x dx
− 2u 1
∫ 1 − u 2 du = −∫ x dx
ln(1 − u 2 ) = − ln x + C
A
1 − u2 =
x
A
u2 = 1−
x
2
y A
2
=1−
x x
2 2
y = x − Ax
(c)
d 2x
= 4ae − 2t
dt 2
dx
= −2ae − 2t + C
dt
x = ae − 2t + Ct + D
3
Since entire population is wiped out by the disease eventually, as
Hence, C = 0, D = 0.
∴ x = ae −2t
a represents the initial population of the fish (in thousands).
x = 2e −2 t
x = e −2t
Section B
5. (a)(i) No. of ways = 6! = 720
(ii) No. of ways = 26 = 64
(iii) No. of ways = 6 C1 + 6 C 2 + 6 C 3 + 6 C 4 + 6 C 5 + 6 C 6 = 63
4
6. (i)
0.02 Deformed
Supplier A
p
0.98 Not deformed
0.03 Deformed
1–p
Supplier B
1
(ii) p =
3
P(fish-ball is deformed) = 0.02 p + 0.03(1 − p )
0.02 0.03(2)
= +
3 3
0.08
=
3
2
=
75
(iii)
f( p ) = P(supplied by B | it is deformed)
P(supplied by B and is deformed)
=
P(it is deformed)
(1 − p )(0.03)
=
(1 − p )(0.03) + ( p )(0.02)
(1 − p )(3)
=
(1 − p )(3) + ( p )(2)
3(1 − p )
=
3− p
(−1)(3 − p ) − (−1)(1 − p )
f ' ( p ) = 3
(3 − p ) 2
−6
=
(3 − p ) 2
−6
∴ f ' ( p) = 2
< 0 ∀p ∈ [0,1] since (3 − p ) 2 > 0 ∀p ∈ [0,1]
(3 − p )
This means that as a larger proportion of fish-balls are supplied by A, it is less likely
that a randomly chosen deformed fish-ball is supplied by B.
5
7. (i) Let X be the no. of times the particular residential area is flooded in 4 months.
4
∴ X ~ Po
3
P(X ≥ 2) = 0.3849400 = 0.385
(ii) Let Y be the no. of 4-month periods, out of 12, in which the particular residential
area is flooded at least twice.
P(X ≥ 2) = 0.3849400
∴ Y ~ B(12, 0.3849400)
P(Y ≤ 5) = 0.704
(iii) Let X be the no. of times the particular residential area is flooded in 5 years.
∴ X ~ Po (20 )
(iv) Let Y be the no. of years, out of 40, in which there are at most 3 floodings.
∴ Y ~ B(40, 0.433470)
Least n = 16
8. Let r.v. A be the mass of a snapper fish and r.v. B be the mass of a pomfret fish.
A ~ N(1, 0.12); B ~ N(0.6, 0.052)
(a)(i) A1 + A2 + A3 + B1 +B2 ~ N(4.2, 0.035)
P[A1 + A2 + A3 + B1 +B2 > 4.5] = 0.0544
12(A1 + A2 + …+ An) + 7(B1 +B2 + ….+ B15 – n) ~ N(63 + 7.8n, 1.8375 + 1.3175n)
6
P[12(A1 + A2 + …+ An) + 7(B1 +B2 + ….+ B15 – n) > 150 ] < 0.7.
Largest n = 11
9. (a)
Arts Science Total
Boys 75 320 15
× 30 = 2.81 ≈ 3 × 30 = 12
800 800
Girls 145 260 15
× 30 = 5.4375 ≈ 5 × 30 = 9.75 ≈ 10
800 800
Total 8 22 30
(b) ∑ x = 4537, ∑ ( x − x ) 2
= 4825.62
4537 1
µˆ =
50
= 90.74, σˆ 2 =
49
∑ ( x − x ) 2 = 98.48204
98.48204
X ~ N (90.74, ) approx by CLT.
60
P(90 < X < 100) = 0.718
10. (i) Let X be the random variable the length of one random metal rod.
Since sample size n = 8 is small and population variance is unknown,
we assume X is normal and use t-test.
H0 : µ = 14 cm
H1 : µ > 14 cm
At 4% level of significance, reject H0 if p-value < 0.04
− Σx 113.40
x = = = 14.175
n 8
2
2 1 2 (Σ x) 1 113.402 11
s = [Σx − ] = [1607.72 − ]= = 0.0392857143
n−1 n 7 8 280
−
x − µ0 14.175 − 14
Test-statistic, t = = = 2.497271238
s 0.0392857143
n 8
From GC, t = 2.497271238
p = 0.020578114
Since p-value < 0.04, we reject H0
and conclude that at 4% significance level there is sufficient evidence that the mean
length of the metal rods is more than 14 cm i.e. complaint is valid.
Assume X is normal.
It means that there is a 0.04 probability of wrongly concluding that the mean length of
the metal rods is larger than 14 cm when in fact it is 14 cm.
7
n 9 9
(ii) In this case, s2 = [sample variance] = [0.2002] = 0.045 or
n−1 9-1 200
− −
x − µ0 x − 14
test-statistic, T = =
s 0.045
n 9
Since complaint not valid, do not reject H0, p-value > 0.04
−
x − 14
⇒ < invT(1 − 0.04,8)
0.045
9
−
x − 14
⇒ < 2.004151525
0.045
9
−
⇒ x < 14.14171491
−
⇒ x < 14.14 (to 2 d.p.)
(ii)
% of graduates, x
8
(v) y = −35.4 + (22.3) ln 84 = 63.4
(vi) Since x does not lie within the data range, extrapolation will make the estimate
unreliable.
9
Dunman High School
2010 Year 6 H2 Mathematics (9740) Preliminary Examination Paper 1
Suggested Solutions
Qn Suggested Solution
1 1− x 1 x
−1
= (1 − x) × 1 +
2+ x 2 2
1 x x x
2
= − 1 − + + ...
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
= − x − x + x 2 + x 2 + ...
2 2 4 4 8
1 3 3 2
= − x + x + ...
2 4 8
x
Valid values of x: < 1 ⇒ −2 < x < 2
2
2 n
When n = 1:
1
+
Assume Pk is true for some k ∈ ,
k
to prove Pk +1 is true,
k +1
k +1
∑ (2r + 1)(2r + 3)
1
LHS =
r =1
k
1
k 1
= +
3(2k + 3) (2k + 3)(2k + 5)
k (2k + 5) + 3
=
3(2k + 3)(2k + 5)
2 k 2 + 5k + 3
=
3(2k + 3)(2k + 5)
(2k + 3)(k + 1)
=
3(2k + 3)(2k + 5)
k +1
= = RHS (shown)
3(2k + 5)
∴ Pk is true ⇒ Pk +1 is true
2
3(i) n2 − 4n + 5 = (n − 2)2 − 4 + 5
= (n − 2)2 + 1
3(ii) N
2
∑ n + 1 − n 2 − 4n + 5
n =3
N
2 2
= ∑ n + 1 − ( n − 2) + 1
n =3
= 32 + 1 − 12 + 1
+ 42 + 1 − 22 + 1
+ 52 + 1 − 32 + 1
M M
M M
+ ( N − 2) 2 + 1 − ( N − 4) 2 + 1
+ ( N − 1) 2 + 1 − ( N − 3) 2 + 1
+ N 2 +1 − ( N − 2) 2 + 1
= N 2 + 1 + ( N − 1) 2 + 1 − 5 − 2
3(iii)
N 2 + 1 + ( N − 1) 2 + 1 − 5 − 3
= ( N + 1) 2 + ( N − 1 + 1) 2
= N +1+ N (since N >0)
= 2N +1
4(i) 0 0 3
Area of R = ∫ y dx = ∫ x 3 + 1 dx =
−1 −1 4
1
y = 1 + x3 ⇒ x = ( y − 1) 3
1 b
b b3 4
Area of S = ∫ x dy = ∫ (y -1) dy = ( y − 1) 3
3
2 2 4 2
3 4
= ( b − 1) 3 −1
4
Equating and solve for b:
3 4
3
( b − 1) 3 −1
=
4 4
3
⇒ b = 1 + 2 4 = 2. 68 (3 s.f.)
4(ii) 1
For y =b , x = ( b − 1) 3 = 1. 1892 = k (say)
3
Volume required
2 k
= π b k − 2 (1) − ∫1 ( x + 1) dx
2 3 2
= 3. 53π (or 11.1) (unit cube)
2 3
3 5
a 1
= cos 60ο
13 + a 2 35
2(6 + 15 + a ) = 13 + a 2 35
31a 2 − 168a − 1309 = 0
a = 10 (nearest int.) or a = −4 (nearest int.)
b = −20 (nearest int.) b = −6 (nearest int.)
His claim is not necessarily true since points O, A, B and C may not be coplanar.
6(a) et 1
∫ ∫ 3e (1 + 3e )
t t −2
t 2
dt = dt
(1 + 3e ) 3
(1 + 3et ) −1 1
= +c = − +c
−3 3(1 + 3et )
4
6(b) 1 2
∫ x3 sec2 ( x 2 ) dx =
2 ∫
x 2 x sec2 ( x 2 ) dx
1 2
x tan ( x 2 ) − 2 x tan ( x 2 ) dx
∫
d
dx
( )
tan ( x 2 ) = 2 x sec 2 ( x 2 ) =
2
1
= x 2 tan ( x 2 ) − ln sec ( x 2 ) + c
2
6(c) 4
∫ 0
x 2 x − 3 dx
3 4
=−
∫ 0
x 2 ( x − 3) dx +
∫ 3
x 2 ( x − 3) dx
3 4
x4 x4
= − − x3 + − x3
4 0 4 3
27
= or 13.5
2
7(i) No. The statement is not always true. It applies only for (polynomial) equation in z
with real coefficients.
7(ii) z 4 + 3+ i = 0 ⇒ z 4 = − 3 − i
5π
− i
4 6
⇒ z = 2e
1 1 5π 1 (12k −5)π
i ( − + 2 kπ ) i
z=2 4
e4 6 =2 e 4 24
, k = 0,1, 2,3
1 5π 1 7π 1 19π 1 17 π
-i i i -i
∴z = 2 e 4 24 4
or 2 e 24 or 2 e 4 24 or 2 e4 24
7(iii) Im
Z2
Z3
L
Re
O
Z1
Z4 L
5
8(i) ON = 36 − x 2
1
A = 2 × × (12 + 2 x ) 36 − x 2
2
= 2 ( 6 + x ) 36 − x 2 Q 2x R
N
6 6
P 6 • 6 S
O
U 2x T
8(ii) dA 1 2x
= 2 36 − x 2 + 2 ( 6 + x ) −
dx 2 36 − x 2
72 − 2 x 2 − 12 x − 2 x 2
=
36 − x 2
4 (18 − 3x − x 2 )
=
36 − x 2
4 ( 6 + x )( 3 − x )
=
36 − x 2
dA
For maximum A , = 0 : x > 0 ⇒ x = 3 cm
dx
d d d 1 dx 1
( QR ) = ( 2 x ) = 2 ( x ) = − ⇒ =−
dt dt dt 10 dt 20
dA 4 ( 8 )(1)
When x = 2, = = 32 = 4 2
dx 32
dA dA dx
= ×
dt dx dt
1
= 4 2 ×−
20
2
=− cm 2 s −1
5
2
A is decreasing at the rate of cm s −1.
5
6
9(a) y = ln(1 + e x )
(i)
⇒ e y = 1 + ex
d dy
: ey = ex
dx dx
dy
⇒ = e x− y
dx
d d2 y dy
: 2
= e x − y 1 −
dx dx dx
2
d y dy dy
⇒ 2 = 1 − (shown)
dx dx dx
9(a) dy 1 d 2 y 1
(ii) When x = 0, y = ln 2, = , =
dx 2 dx 2 4
1 2
x
1
y = ln 2 + x + 4 + ...
2 2
1 1
= ln 2 + x + x 2 + ...
2 8
9(a) x
x2
(iii) ln(1 + e ) = ln 1 + 1 + x + + ...
2
x2
= ln 2 + x + + ...
2
x x2
= ln 2 + ln 1 + + + ...
2 4
2
x x2
+
x x2 2 4
= ln 2 + + − + ...
2 4 2
x x2 1 x2
= ln 2 + + − + ...
2 4 2 4
1 1
= ln 2 + x − x 2 + ... (verified)
2 8
9(b) 10 tan x − 3 = cos 2 x
2
10 x − 3 = 1 −
( 2x)
2
⇒ x + 5x − 2 = 0
2
−5 ± 52 − 4(−2)
∴x =
2
−5 + 33
= (rej -ve as x is small)
2
7
10(a) π
(i) x = eθ cos θ , y = sin θ + cos θ , 0 ≤θ ≤
4
dx dy
= eθ (cos θ − sin θ ), = cos θ − sin θ ,
dθ dθ
dy dy dx
= / = e-θ
dx dθ dθ
At (eθ cos θ ,sin θ + cos θ ), the equation of the tangent is
( y − sin θ − cos θ ) = e-θ ( x − eθ cos θ ),
π
Set θ = ,
6
π π
π
3e 6 3 + 1 3 1 - 3e 6
at ( , ) , the equation of the tangent is ( y − − ) = e 6 (x − ),
2 2 2 2 2
π
- 1
y=e 6x+
2
= 0.68 (2 d.p.)
10(b)
(i)
y
y = f '( x)
x
-2 O
x=2
8
10(b)
(ii)
y
1
y=
f(x)
A’(-2, 0.5)
2 x
O
11(a) a 1
=
1− r 2
2a = 1 − r
r = 1 − 2a
⇒ 1 − 2a < 1
−1 < 1 − 2a < 1
1
0 < a < 1, a ≠ (since r ≠ 0)
2
11(b) r
N N1 N
∑ Tr = ∑ 2 + ∑ 2r ln 3
r =1 r =1 3 r =1
N
1
1−
= × + N ( N + 1) ln 3
1 9
9 1
1−
9
1 1
N
= 1 − + N ( N + 1) ln 3
8 9
11(c) Volume of whole cake
(i) = a 2 h + (0.9a ) 2 h + (0.9 2 a ) 2 h + (0.93 a ) 2 h + (0.94 a ) 2 h
= (1 + 0.92 + 0.94 + 0.96 + 0.98 ) a 2 h
[1 − (0.92 )5 ] 2
= a h
1 − 0.92
= 3.4280a 2 h
9
Cost of whole cake
= $3.4280 × 200
= $686 (nearest dollar)
11(c) 5
2(d 2 ) + (5 − 1)(−d ) = 75
(ii) 2
d 2 − 2d = 15
(d − 5)(d + 3) = 0
d =5 or d = −3 (rej. since d >0)
10
Dunman High School
2010 Year 6 H2 Mathematics (9740)
Preliminary Examination Paper 2 Suggested Solutions
SECTION A
1 ( z − 1 + i)( z * − 1 − i) = 2
2
z −1+ i = 2
z −1+ i = 2
i.e. A circle with centre (1,–1) and radius 2. (shown)
Im
A
O Re
2
D
C(1,-1)
x=1.5
(i) AB = 2 AD
2
2 1
=2 ( 2) −
2
= 7
(ii) Complex numbers represented are
3 7 3 7
+ − 1 i and − + 1 i.
2 2 2 2
Cartesian equation of the perpendicular bisector of the line segment joining A and B is y = − 1.
Since any two distinct points on the circumference of the circle are equidistance from the
centre C, hence perpendicular bisector of the line segment joining these points must pass
through C.
1
2(i)
y
y=a
O x
2
x = −a
Recommended
(1)From the graph above, any horizontal line y = b, b ∈ cuts the graph of f at most once,
therefore f is one-one and the inverse of f exists.
OR
(2)From the graph above, any horizontal line y = b, b ≠ a , cuts the graph of f exactly once,
therefore f is one-one and the inverse of f exists.
(ii) ax
y= 2
, x ≠ −a 2 ,
x+a
xy + a 2 y = ax
a2 y
x= , y ≠ a,
a− y
a2 x a3
f −1 : x a , x ≠ a, or f −1 : x a − a 2 , x ≠ a,
a−x a−x
(iii) Rg = [− a 2 , ∞), Df = \{−a 2 },
∴ Rg ⊄ Df ,
thus fg does not exist
2
(iv) Method 1(Recommended)
f( x) = f −1( x)
⇒ f( x) = x
ax
⇒ =x
x + a2
⇒ x 2 + a 2 x − ax = 0
⇒ x( x + a 2 − a ) = 0
⇒ x = 0 or x = a − a 2 .
3(i) dV 1 8 1 V3 −8
= (V − 2 ) = ( 2 )
dt 60 V 60 V
2
V dV 1
⇒ 3
=
V − 8 dt 60
1 1
⇒ ln | V 3 − 8 |= t + C '
3 60
t
+ C ''
⇒ | V 3 − 8 |= e 20 , C '' = 3C '
t
⇒ V 3 − 8 = Ae , 20
A = ±eC ''
When t = 0, V = 1,
⇒ A = −7,
t
3
⇒ V = 8 − 7e 20
V
1
8 t
20ln( ) or 2.67
7
3
(ii) d 2V
2
= 12t 2 − 2
dt
dV
⇒ = 4t 3 − 2t + C1
dt
dV
When t = 0, = 0, ∴ C1 = 0
dt
dV
⇒ = 4t 3 − 2t
dt
⇒ V = t 4 − t 2 + C , C is a constant.
V = t4 − t2 + C
1 1
= (t 2 − ) 2 + (C − )
2 4
V 1
(I)C >
4
C
C (II)C ≤
1
4
t
(iii)
1
When t = 0, V = 1, then C2 = 1 > .
4
Therefore given the above initial condition, Bob’s model corresponds to solution curve type
(I) in part (ii).
Therefore in Bob’s model, the volume of water approaches infinity in the long run (not
realistic) whereas in Andy’s model, the volume of water reasonably diminishes to zero in the
long run/after some time.
4(i) 2 1
4 3
1 1
n1 n1 15
cos θ = = =
| n1 || n 2 | 21 11 21 11
∴θ = 9.3o.
4
(ii) 1
d = n1 × n 2 = −1
2
Set z=0,
2 x + 4 y = 10
x + 3y = 8
⇒ x = −1, y = 3
−1 1
∴ l1: r = a1 +α d1 = 3 + α −1 , α ∈ .
0 2
Alternative
2 x + 4 y + z = 10
x + 3y + z = 8
Let z = t ∈ ,
⇒ 2 x + 4 y = 10 − t
x + 3y = 8 − t
t t
⇒ x = −1 + , y = 3− ,
2 2
−1
1
t
∴ l1: r = 3 + α −1 , α= ∈
0 2 2
(iii) Since the point with co-ordinates (6,m.5) lies on the first plane,
a d1 = D1
6 2
⇒ m 4 = 10
5 1
⇒ 12 + 4m + 5 = 10
7
⇒m=− .
4
(iv) 2 2
l2 : r = a 2 +β d 2 = m + β 0 , β∈ .
7 −1
1 2
d1 d 2 = −1 0 = 2 − 2 = 0 (independent of the value of m)
2 −1
5
SECTION B
(ii) Stratified sampling is more representative in terms of the proportion of parents’ educational
qualifications in each category.
(iii) 420
× 80 = 14
2400
6(i)
x
(iii)
260.56
x = −37.612 + = 78.9
5.0
t = 5 lies outside the data range of t , thus model may not be valid and estimate not likely to be
reliable.
6
7(i) Let J be the event where Mylo wears a jacket and T be the event where Mylo wears a tie.
P(T J ) = 0.6
P(T ∩ J )
= 0.6
P( J )
P(T ∩ J )
= 0.6
0.2
P(T ∩ J ) = 0.6 × 0.2 = 0.12
(ii) P(T ∪ J ) '
= 1 − P(T ∪ J )
= 1 − [ P (T ) + P( J ) − P(T ∩ J )]
= 1 − ( 0.4 + 0.2 − 0.12 )
= 1 − 0.48
= 0.52
(iii)
0.8 J
J
0.4 0.2 J'
J 0.4 J
0.2 0.6
J'
0.6 J'
0.4 J
0.8 0.2 J
J' 0.6 J'
0.2 J
0.8
J'
0.8 J'
Mon Tue Wed
7
8(i) Number of ways = 10!(5) = 18144000
(a)
(b)
S S S S S S
Number of ways or
= ( 6!)( 5!)( 3) = 259200 =(5!)6 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 4 ⋅ 3 ⋅ (3!) = 259200
4! 5
( 4!)
4
4! 5!
Number of ways
4 5
= ( 3!)( 5!) + ( 4!)( 4!) + ( 5!)( 4!)
3 4
= 2880 + 2880 + 2880
= 8640
8
9(i) Let u = x − 100
∴ ∑ u = 50 , ∑ u 2
= 4008
Since p-value =0.0342< 0.05, there is sufficient evidence to reject H0 at the 5% level of
significance and conclude that the mean IQ score is less than 115, hence the manufacturer’s
claim is disputable.
(b) For 2-tailed test, p-value =2(0.0324) =0.0684 > 0.05. H0 will not be rejected. The
conclusion would be different.
10 Let X be the number of unsolicited text messages received in a day.
(i) X Po 5 ( )
7
P( X = 2) = 0.125 (3 s.f.)
(ii) Let Y be the number of unsolicited text messages or phone calls received in a week.
Y Po ( 8 )
P(Y ≤ 10) = 0.816 (3 s.f.) (shown)
(iii) Let W be the number of weeks where receives more than 10 unsolicited text messages or
phone calls in a week out of 10 weeks.
W B (10, 0.184 )
P(W > 3) = 1 − P(W ≤ 3)
= 0.0944 (3 s.f.)
(iv) Let T be the total number of unsolicited text messages or phone calls received in the next 2
weeks.
9
T Po (16 )
Since λ =16>10, ∴ T N(16,16) approximately.
E( X1 + X 2 L + X 60 ) = 60 ×120 = 7200
2
(
Var( X1 + X 2 L + X 60 ) = 60 × 452 = 90 15 )
Since n=60 is large, by Central Limit Theorem,
2
( )
X1 + X 2 L + X 60 N 7200, 90 15 approximately.
P(X1 + X 2 L + X 60 ≥ 7000)
= 0.717 (3 s.f.)
(ii) Since n=60 is large, by Central Limit Theorem,
452
X N 120, approximately.
60
P( X − 120 < 5)
= P( −5 < X − 120 < 5)
= P(115 < X < 125)
= 0.611 (3 s.f.)
We do not need to assume that the amount of time spent online follows a normal distribution
since by the Central Limit Theorem, the sample mean follows a normal distribution
approximately when n is large.
10
1 Solve the inequality
x 4
≤ ,
x − 2 ( x − 2)2
ex 4
Hence solve ≤ x . [2]
e + 2 (e + 2) 2
x
g : x a ln ( x + a ) , x > −1 .
(b) State the value of a such that the range of g is (0, ∞) . [1]
(c) Show that the composite function gf exists, and find the range of gf, giving
your answer in terms of a. [2]
(i) Show that the tangent to the curve at any point with parameter t has equation
2 3 3
(1 − t ) y = (1 + t 2 ) x − 4t 3 . [3]
1
(ii) Find the gradient of the tangent to the curve at t = . Hence determine the
2
acute angle between this tangent and the line y = x + 3 . [3]
2 [Turn Over
5 Robert took a study loan of $100 000 from a bank on 1st January 2010. The bank
charges an annual interest rate of 10% on the outstanding loan at the end of each
year. After his graduation, Robert pays the bank $x at the beginning of each month.
The first payment is made on 1st January 2014. Let un denote the amount owed by
Robert at the end of nth year after 2013, where n ∈ +
0 .
(iii) Given that Robert owes the bank less than $1000 at the end of 2020, find the
minimum value of x, giving your answer to the nearest dollar. [3]
∫
1
6 (a) Find dt . [3]
3 − 4t 2
(b) Use the substitution u = 5 x to find ∫ 5 x cos 2 ( 5 x ) dx . [5]
7 It is given that the function y = f ( x ) has the Maclaurin’s series 1 + 4 x + ax 2 + ... and
(
satisfies 1 + x 2 ) ddyx = b (1 + y ) , where a and b are real constants.
2
f( x)
(ii) Find the series expansion of in ascending powers of x, up to and
4+ x
including the term in x 2 . [3]
f( x)
(iii) State the equation of the normal to the curve y = at x = 0. [1]
4+ x
3 [Turn Over
4−r A B C
8 (i) Express in the form + + . [2]
(r − 1)r (r + 2) r −1 r r + 2
n
4−r
(ii) Hence find ∑ (r − 1)r (r + 2)
r =2
. [3]
Give a reason why the series is convergent, and state its limit. [2]
n
3− r
(iii) Use your answer to part (ii) to find ∑ r (r + 1)(r + 3) .
r =2
[2]
Hence, or otherwise, find the range of values of z − i and arg ( z − i). [3]
10 A file is downloaded at r kilobytes per second from the internet via a broadband
connection. The rate of change of r is proportional to the difference between r and a
constant. The initial value of r is 348. If r is 43, it remains at this constant value.
dr
(i) Show that = k (r − 43) . [2]
dt
(iv) It is given that a file with a size of 5700 kilobytes takes 90 seconds to
download. Find the value of k . [2]
(v) Explain what happens to the value of r in the long run. [1]
4 [Turn Over
D
11
C
j
k
i A
O
B
The diagram above shows part of the structure of a modern art museum designed by
Marcus, with a horizontal base OAB and vertical wall OADC. Perpendicular unit
vectors i, j, k are such that i and k are parallel to OA and OC respectively.
The walls of the museum BCD and ABD can be described respectively by the
equations
−1 14 5 −1
r ⋅ −5 = 36 and r = 0 + λ 4 + µ 0 , where λ , µ ∈ .
6 0 0
4
(ii) Find the vector equation of the intersection line of the two walls BCD and
ABD. [3]
(iii) Marcus wishes to repaint the inner wall ABD. Find the area of this wall. [3]
Suppose Marcus wishes to divide the structure into two by adding a partition such
that it intersects with the walls BCD and ABD at a line. This partition can be
described by the equation 2 x − 7 y + α z = β , where α , β ∈ .
Deduce the number of intersection point(s) between the walls BCD, ABD, and
Jenny’s partition. [1]
5 [Turn Over
x2 − 4
12 The curves C1 and C2 have equations ( x − 2)2 = a 2 (1 − y 2 ) and y = , where
x +1
1 < a < 2, respectively. Describe the geometrical shape of C1. [1]
(b) (i) Sketch C1 and C2 on the same diagram, stating the coordinates of any
points of intersection with the axes and the equations of any
asymptotes. [6]
(iii) Deduce the number of real roots of the equation in part (ii). [1]
6 [Turn Over
Qtn Solutions
1. x 4
− ≤0
x − 2 ( x − 2) 2
2
⇒
x2 − 2x − 4
≤0⇒
( x − 1) − 5 ≤ 0
( x − 2) 2
( x − 2) 2
⇒ ( x − 1) 2 − 5 ≤ 0, , ( x − 2)2 is always positive for all real values of x.
⇒ 1− 5 ≤ x ≤ 1+ 5 , x ≠ 2
ex 4
For ≤ x
e + 2 (e + 2) 2
x
Replace x by −e x ,
⇒ 1 − 5 ≤ −e x ≤ 1 + 5
⇒ x ≤ ln ( 5 −1 )
2. n+2
Let P(n) be the proposition un = .
2n − 1
When n = 0,
LHS of P(0) = u0 = −2 (given)
2
RHS of P(0) = = −2
−1
∴ P(0) is true.
Assume P(k) is true for some k ∈ +
∪ {0}
k+2
i.e. uk = .
2k − 1
7 [Turn Over
Since P(0) is true & P(k) is true ⇒ P(k + 1) is also true, hence by mathematical
induction P(n) is true for all n ∈ + ∪ {0} .
3
y = f ( x)
7
-1
x = −a y = g ( x)
1− a
y = (2 x − 1) − 2
2
(a)
± y + 2 = 2x − 1
1 1
x= − y + 2 Q x < −1
2 2
1 1
∴ f −1 : x a − x + 2, x>7
2 2
(b) a=2
(c) Rf = (7, ∞ ) , Dg = (− 1, ∞ ) .
Since Rf ⊆ Dg , gf exists.
( −∞, −1)
f
→ ( 7, ∞ )
g
→ ( ln ( 7 + a ) , ∞ )
Df Rf Rgf
4(i) dx 1− t2
=
dt (1 + t 2 )2
dy 1+ t2
=
dt (1 − t 2 )2
8 [Turn Over
3
dy 1 + t 2
=
dx 1 − t 2
Equation of tangent:
3
t 1+ t2 t
y− 2
= 2
x− 2
1− t 1− t 1+ t
2 3 3 2 2
(1 − t ) y = (1 + t 2 ) x − t (1 + t 2 ) + t (1 − t 2 )
3
= (1 + t 2 ) x − 4t 3
(ii)
1 dy
When t = , = 27
2 dx
α
B A
Note: α = A - B
tan A = 27 , tan B = 1
A = tan −1 27 = 87.879°
B = tan −1 (1) = 45°
α = A − B = 42.9°
Alternative Solution
27 − 1 26
tan α = =
1 + ( 27 )(1) 28
26
α = tan −1 = 42.9°
28
9 [Turn Over
u3 = 1.1 1.12 u0 − 1.12 (12 x) − 1.1(12 x) − 12 x
= 1.13 u0 − 1.13 (12 x) − 1.12 (12 x) − 1.1(12 x)
:
:
n n n −1
un = 1.1 u0 − 1.1 (12 x) − 1.1 (12 x) − ... − 1.1(12 x)
= 1.1n u0 − 12 x (1.1n + 1.1n −1 + ... + 1.1)
1.1(1.1n − 1)
= 1.1 u0 − 12 x
n
0.1
= 1.1n u0 − 132 x (1.1n − 1)
(iii) n = 7 at end of 2020
1.17 u0 − 132 x(1.17 − 1) < 1000
x > $2270.30
Least x to the nearest dollar = $2271
6(a) 1
∫ 3 − 4t 2
dt
1 1
=− ∫
4 t2 − 3
dt
4
1 1
=−
4 ∫ 3
2
dt
t2 −
2
3
1 1
t−
=− ln 2 +C
4 3 3
t+
2
3 2t − 3
=− ln + C
12 2t + 3
(b) u = 5x
du
= 5 x ln 5
dx
dx 1 1
∴ = x =
du 5 ln 5 u ln 5
10 [Turn Over
∫ 5 x cos 2 (5 x ) dx
1
= ∫ u cos 2 u ⋅ du
u ln 5
1
=
ln 5 ∫ cos 2 u du
1
2 ln 5 ∫
= (1 + cos 2u ) du
1 sin 2u
= u+ +C
2 ln 5 2
1 x sin 2(5 x )
= 5 + +C
2 ln 5 2
7i dy
When x = 0, y = 1, = 4.
dx
(1 + x ) ddyx = b (1 + y )
2 2
dy
⇒ = b(2) = 4
dx
⇒ b = 2 (Shown)
d2 y dy dy
(1 + x )2
dx 2
+ 2x
dx
= 2 2y
dx
d2 y
= 16
dx 2
16
a= =8
2!
ii −
1
f( x)(4 + x) 2
1 x −1
= (1 + 4 x + 8 x 2 + ...)(1 + ) 2
2 4
1 3
(− )(− )
1 1 x 2 ( x )2 + ...)
= (1 + 4 x + 8 x + ...)(1 + (− )( ) + 2
2
2 2 4 2! 4
1 x 3 2
= (1 + 4 x + 8 x 2 + ...)(1 − + x + ...)
2 8 128
1 31 963 2
= (1 + x + x + ...)
2 8 128
iii 16
Gradient of normal = −
31
Equation of normal:
11 [Turn Over
1 16
y= − x
2 31
8(i) 4−r A B C
= + +
(r − 1)r (r + 2) r − 1 r r + 2
4 − r = Ar (r + 2) + B (r − 1)(r + 2) + C (r − 1)r
A = 1, B = −2, C = 1
(ii) n
4−r
∑
r = 2 ( r − 1) r ( r + 2)
n
1 2 1
=∑ − +
r =2 r − 1 r r+2
1
= 1 −1 +
4
1 2 1
+ − +
2 3 5
1 2 1
+ − +
3 4 6
1 2 1
+ − +
4 5 7
+ M
1 2 1
+ − +
n − 4 n − 3 n −1
1 2 1
+ − +
n−3 n−2 n
1 2 1
+ − +
n − 2 n −1 n + 1
1 2 1
+ − +
n −1 n n + 2
1 2 1 1 1 2 1
= − + + + − +
2 3 3 n n +1 n n + 2
1 1 1 1
= − + +
6 n n +1 n + 2
(iii) 1 1 1
lim − + + = 0 , hence the series in (ii) converges.
n →∞
n n +1 n + 2
∞
4−r 1
∑ (r − 1)r (r + 2) = 6
r =2
12 [Turn Over
(iv) n
3− r
∑ r (r + 1)(r + 3)
r =2
1 3 − (n − 1) 3− n
= + ... + +
(2)(3)(5) (n − 1)(n)(n + 2) n(n + 1)(n + 3)
n +1
4−r 2
=∑ −
r = 2 ( r − 1) r ( r + 2) (1)(2)(4)
1 1 1 1 1
= − + + −
6 n + 1 n + 2 n + 3 12
1 1 1 1
=− − + +
12 n + 1 n + 2 n + 3
9.
y Q
P (1,1)
1 R
x
-1 O 1
z −1 − i 2 ≥ 2
⇒ z − (1 + i) ≥ 2
z +1 π
arg ≥
3 + i 12
π π π
⇒ arg( z + 1) ≥ + =
12 6 4
1 7 7 1
Method 1: QR = 2 − = ; PQ = + = 2
4 2 4 4
Method 2: QR is the perpendicular bisector, so PQ = 2 (radius)
⇒ z −i > 2
π π
≤ arg ( z − i ) <
4 2
10(i) Let the constant be a.
dr
∴ = k (r − a ) , where k is a constant.
dt
13 [Turn Over
dr
Given r = 43 when =0,
dt
∴ 0 = k (43 − a )
Since k ≠ 0, then a = 43
dr
∴ = k (r − 43) (shown)
dt
(ii) 1
∫ r − 43 dr = k ∫ dt
ln r − 43 = kt + C1
r − 43 = ekt + C1
r = 43 + Ae kt where A = eC1
When t = 0 , r = 348 .
∴ A = 305 .
∴ r = 43 + 305e kt
(iii) I = ∫ r dt
= ∫ (43 + 305e kt ) dt
305 kt
= 43t + e + C2
k
When t = 0 , I = 0 .
305
∴ C2 = −
k
305 kt
∴ I = 43t + (e − 1)
k
(iv) Given I = 5700 and t = 90 ,
305 90 k
∴ 5700 = 43(90) + (e − 1)
k
305 90 k
1830 = (e − 1)
k
6k = e90 k − 1
(v) 1
− t
r = 43 + 305e 6
1
− t
If t becomes larger, 305e 6 → 0 , r → 43
Hence r would be reduced to a steady 43 kilobytes per second in the long run.
11i OA = 14
14 [Turn Over
ii Plane ABD
5 −1 16
4 × 0 = −20
0 4 4
4 14 4
r. −5 = 0 . −5 = 56
%
1 01
4 x − 5 y + z = 56
⇒
− x − 5 y + 6 z = 36
Using GC to solve:
4 1
∴ r = −8 + γ 1 , γ ∈
%
0 1
OR
14 + 5λ − µ −1
4λ . −5 = 36
4µ 6
−14 − 5λ + µ − 20λ + 24 µ = 36
25µ = 25λ + 50
µ =λ+2
14 5 −1
r = 0 + λ 4 + (λ + 2) 0
0 0
4
12 4
= 0 + λ 4
8 4
12 1
= 0 + γ 1 , γ ∈
8 1
15 [Turn Over
iii 4+γ 12
uuuv uuuv
OD = −8 + γ ⇒ γ = 8 ⇒ OD = 0
γ 8
(Reason: j is zero.)
%
4
uuuv
OB = −8
0
12 14 −2
uuuv
AD = 0 − 0 = 0
8 0 8
12 4 8
uuuv
BD = 0 − −8 = 8
8 0 8
1 uuuv uuuv
Area ABD = BD × AD
2
8 −2 1 −1 4
1
= 8 × 0 = 8 1 × 0 = 8 −5
2 1 4
8 8 1
= 8 42 = 51.8 (3 s.f.)
iv 2(4) − 7(−8) + α (0) = β
2(12) − 7(0) + 8α = β
⇒ β = 64, α = 5
OR
16 [Turn Over
4 2
−8 . −7 = 8 + 56 = 64
0 5
β = 64
(a) ( x − 2)2 = a 2 (1 − y 2 )
( x − 2) 2
⇒ 2
+ y2 = 1
a
Method 1:
Sequence of transformations:
1) Scale // to x-axis by factor a.
2) Translate in the positive x-direction by 2 units.
Method 2:
Sequence of transformations:
2
1) Translate in the positive x-direction by units.
a
2) Scale // to x-axis by factor a.
17 [Turn Over
(bi) x −1
2
x +1 x −4
−( x 2 + x)
−x−4
− (− x − 1)
−3
x = −1 y y = x −1
−2 2−a 2 2+a
−4 ( x − 2) 2
+ y2 = 1
a2
x2 − 4
y=
x +1
(bii) x2 − 4
Sub y = into ( x − 2)2 = a 2 (1 − y 2 ) :
x +1
x 2 − 4 2
( x − 2) = a 1 −
2 2
x + 1
2
⇒ ( x + 1) ( x − 2) 2 = a 2 ( x + 1) − a 2 ( x 2 − 4 ) --- (*)
2 2
(shown)
From the graphs, there are 2 points of intersection between C1 and C2 . Hence 2
real roots.
18 [Turn Over
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
200 − x 2 − 5 x
y=
x
dV
= π ( 200 − 3 x 2 − 10 x )
dx
dV 20
=0⇒ x= or x = −10 (rejected)
dx 3
d 2V 20
2
= π ( −6 x − 10 ) < 0 when x =
dx 3
20
V is maximum when x = .
3
20 55
When x = , y=
3 3
(or x = 6.67, y = 18.3).
2(i) z 5 − 32 = 0 ⇒ z 5 = 32 ei0 = 32ei2k π
2 kπ i
⇒ z = 2e 5
where k = 0, ± 1, ± 2.
(ii) 2w + 1
5
5
The highest power in the equation = 32 is four since the terms with w are
w
canceled out. Hence the equation has only four roots.
5
1
2 + = 32
w
1 2 kπ i
⇒ 2 + = z = 2e 5
w
1 2 kπ i
⇒ = 2e 5 − 2 = 2 e 5 − 1
w
2 kπ i
( )
1 1 1 1
⇒ + + +
w1 w2 w3 w4
(
= 2 e
2π i
5
−1 + e )( −2 π i
5
)(
−1 + e
4π i
5
)(
−1 + e
−4π i
5
)
−1
1
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
2π 4π
= 2 2 cos + 2 cos − 4
5 5
2 π 4π
= 4 cos + cos − 2 ∈ .
5 5
1 1 1 1
Or use GC, + + + = −10.
w1 w2 w3 w4
3 S n = an 2 + bn + c
U1 = S1 = a + b + c = 100
S 2 = 4a + 2b + c = 190
S10 = 100a + 10b + c = 360 + 100 + 90 = 550
Using GC,
a = −5 , b = 105 , c = 0
Thus S n = −5n 2 + 105n
U n = Sn − Sn−1
( 2
= −5n 2 + 105n − −5 ( n − 1) + 105 ( n − 1) )
= 110 − 10n
U n − U n −1
= 110 − 10n − (110 − 10n + 10 )
= −10 (a constant)
Hence sequence is an AP.
4i 0 1 1 − µ
uuuv
OX = µ 2 + (1 − µ ) 0 = 2 µ
−t 0 −t µ
0 0 0
uuuv
OY = µ 0 + (1 − µ ) 2 = 2 − 2 µ
t
−t −t + 2t µ
0 1 − µ µ − 1
uuuv
XY = 2 − 2 µ − 2 µ = 2 − 4 µ
−t + 2t µ −t µ −t + 3t µ
OR
−1 0
uuur uuur
AB = 2 BC = −2
−t 2t
2
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
−1 µ − 1
uuur
XB = (1 − µ ) 2 = 2 − 2 µ
−t t µ − t
0 0
uuur
BY = µ −2 = −2 µ
2t 2t µ
µ −1 0 µ −1
uuur uuur uuur
XY = XB + BY = 2 − 2 µ + −2 µ = 2 − 4 µ
t µ − t 2t µ 3t µ − t
ii Suppose O, X, Y are collinear.
Then
uuuv uuuv
OX = kOY
1 − µ 0
2µ = k 2 − 2µ
−t µ −t + 2t µ
1 − µ = 0 ⇒ µ = 1 (Out of range)
Thus O, X, Y are not collinear.
iii 1 − µ 0
uuuv uuuv
OX OY = 2 µ 2 − 2 µ
−t µ −t + 2t µ
2 2
= µ(4 – 4µ + t – 2µt )
=0
4 + t2 1 1
⇒ µ = 0 (reject) or µ = 2
= + 2
4 + 2t 2 t + 2
For all t ∈»\{0}, 0 < µ < 1.
Thus ∠XOY can be 90° when t ≠ 0 .
3
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
iv µ −1
uuuv
XY = 2 − 4 µ
−t + 3t µ
projection vector
µ −1 4 4
2 − 4µ . 1 . 1
−t + 3t µ 0 0
=
17
4
4µ − 4 + 2 − 4µ
= 1
17 0
4
2
= − 1
17
0
5(i) 2 2
( x − 6) + ( y + 2) = x+3
2 2 2
( y + 2) = ( x + 3) − ( x − 6 )
= 9 ( 2 x − 3)
(ii)
(iii)
2
For the equation ( y + 2 ) = 9 ( 2 x − 3) ,
When x = 2 , y = 1 .
4
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
When y = 7 , x = 6 .
Method 1: Using ∫ x dy
2
( y + 2) = 9 ( 2 x − 3)
1 y + 2)
2 2
3 ( y + 2) (
x= + = 3+
2 18 2 9
1 7
( y + 2)
2
R=
2 ∫ 1
3+
d y − 2(6)
9
1 ( y + 2)3
7
= 3 y + − 12
2 27 1
1
= ( 21 + 27 ) − ( 3 + 1) − 12
2
2
= 10 units
Method 2: Using ∫ y dx
2
( y + 2) = 9 ( 2 x − 3)
y = −2 + 3 2 x − 3 [ y = −2 − 3 2 x − 3 N.A.]
6
R = 4(7) −
∫ ( −2 + 3
2
)
2 x − 3 dx
3 6
= 28 − −2 x + (2 x − 3) 2
2
= { 28 – [(–12 + 27) – (–4 + 1)]}
= 10 units2
OR
5
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
The flight is not fully booked so the chosen seat could be empty.
It is not appropriate to use simple random sampling as passengers from different classes may
have different opinions on the service. The number of passengers in the first class is very
small, so the passengers from the first class may not be chosen at all using the simple random
sampling method.
7(i) 10!
No. of ways = = 12600
4!3!2!
7(ii) Case 1: The 2 blue tiles and 1 yellow tile are in the 4th row with the 4th tile being red or
green.
No. of ways
= no. of ways with B, B, Y, G in 4th row + no. of ways with B, B, Y, R in 4th row
4! 6! 4! 6!
= × + × = 3240
2! 2!2! 2! 2!2!2!
Case 2: The 2 blue tiles and 1 yellow tile are in the third row.
3! 7!
No. of ways = × = 1890
2 2!2!2!
3! 3! 4! 3! 4!
Total no. of ways = 3240 + 1890 – – 3!
2! 2! 2! 2! 2!
= 5130 – 108 – 216 = 4806
7(iii) No. of ways such that less than 3 yellow tiles are in the fourth row
7!
= 12600 − 4C3 =12600 − 420 =12180
4!2!
7 last No. of ways
part 6!
= × 7C4 = 2100
3!2!
8(i) 2010 + 10(9000)
x= = 9201,
10
507147
∑
2
1
s 2 = ∑ ( x − 9000 ) −
2 ( ( x − 9000 ) ) =
9 10 9
H0 : µ = 9000
H1 : µ > 9000
x − 9000
Test Stat: = ~ t (9)
507147
9 × 10
p–value = 0.01265 < 0.05
Since the p –value = 0.01265 < 0.05, we reject H 0 and conclude that there is sufficient
evidence, at 5% level of significance, that the mean life span of the electronic component has
increased.
6
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
Assumptions: The standard deviation of the life span remains unchanged after the change in
process.
9
First X ~ N(190, 576)
part T = 0.001( X1 + ... + X20 ) − 0.001(2)( X21 + ... + X30 ) ~ N(0, 0.03456)
OR
0.15
P( | A |≤ ) = P( − 150 ≤ A ≤ 150)
0.001
= 0.580
9(i) Let Y be the r.v. denoting the mass of a randomly chosen apple from Mark's orchard.
Y ~ N(µ , 302 )
Since the shaded area is the same, using the symmetric property of the normal curve,
µ = 110
9(ii) Probability that Mark will get an apple graded as 'large' chosen at random = P (Y > 150) =
7
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
0.09121128
Let A be the r.v. denoting the number of apples graded as large out of 65 randomly chosen
apples.
A ~ B(65, 0.09121128)
P ( A ≥ 5) = 1 − P ( A ≤ 4)
= 0.718
10(a) 200 1
(i) P(A M ) = =
400 2
250 + 300 11
(ii) P(M ' ∩ C ') = =
1000 20
9 1
P ( A) = , P ( A M ) = ≠ P ( A)
20 2
A and M are not independent.
10(b) (i) No. of immigrants in the sample
= 0.2 ( 200 + 250 ) + 0.3 (130 + 300 ) + 0.05 (120 ) = 225
0.2 × 450
P(voter supports Party A given voter is an immigrant) = = 0.4
225
Alternative method:
6 994 993 250 750 749 6 250 744
Required Probability = ×3+ ×3− × 3!
1000 999 998 1000 999 998 1000 999 998
= 0.434
8
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
11(i) λ
Let X be the r.v. denoting the number of call–ins in a week. Hence X ~ Po .
4
The condition is that the rate of call–ins received by the centre is constant throughout a
month / the call–in occurs randomly / The call–ins occur in a month are independent of one
another
c.c
P (25 < Y ≤ 40) → P (25.5 < Y < 40.5) = 0.810
11(iii Let S be the r.v. denoting the number of successful cases out of the n people in a support
) group.
3
S ~ B ( n, )
20
Since the number of groups concerned, which is 70, is large, therefore by applying CLT,
3 3
n 1 −
S ~ N ( n,
3 20 20
) approximately.
20 70
EITHER
n P( S ≥ 4)
27 0.589
28 0.812
Hence minimum value of n is 28.
OR
P ( S ≥ 4) > 0.7
9
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
12(i) Location F should be omitted as the road distance cannot be smaller than the straight line
distance, indicating that it is an incorrect data entry.
From the scatter diagram, another location that should be omitted is location H, as it is an
outlier based on the scatter diagram.
12(iii s
)
180
70
y
2 30
10
HCI Prelim H2 Mathematics P2 Solutions
12(v) Since r for s and ln y is 0.992 close to 1, the linear correlation is strong between s and ln y.
Furthermore, 170 cents is within the data range of the sample. Therefore the estimation using
the line in (iv) is reliable.
Since y is the independent variable, the line found in (iv) is also suitable for the estimation.
11
Solutions to SAJC H2 Maths PRELIM EXAM 2010
Paper 1
S/N Solutions
1 Let un = an 3 + bn 2 + cn + d
3 2
a (1) + b (1) + c (1) + d = 63
u1 = 63 :
a + b + c + d = 63 − (1)
3 2
a ( 2 ) + b ( 2 ) + c (2) + d = 116
u2 = 116 :
8a + 4b + 2c + d = 116 − (2)
3 2
a ( 3) + b ( 3) + c(3) + d = 171
u3 = 171 :
27a + 9b + 3c + d = 171 − (3)
3 2
a ( 4 ) + b ( 4 ) + c (4) + d = 234
u4 = 234 :
64a + 16b + 4c + d = 234 − (4)
Using the GC APPL to solve (1), (2), (3), (4) simultaneously, we get:
a = 1, b = −5, c = 61, d = 6
un = n3 − 5n 2 + 61n + 6
3 2
Hence u50 = ( 50 ) − 5 ( 50 ) + 61 ( 50 ) + 6 = 115556
2 1− x 2
≤ x −1 , x ≠
2 − 3x 3
1− x
+1− x ≤ 0
2 − 3x
1 − x + (1 − x )(2 − 3 x )
≤0
2 − 3x
(1 − x)(1 + 2 − 3 x )
≤0
2 − 3x
(1 − x)(3 − 3 x )
≤0
2 − 3x
3(1 − x) 2
≤0
2 − 3x
3(1 − x ) 2 (2 − 3 x) ≤ 0
2 1
3
2
x>
3
2
Hence, to solve 1 − x 2 ≤ x 2 − 1 .
2 − 3x
2
Replace x by x ,
8 1 3 8
= 3 2 + 6 x + 2 3 2 x 2
+ 2 3x 2
x 2 2 x
24 48
= 2 + 6 x + 3x2 +
x x
= 3 x + 6 x + 48 x + 24 x −2
2 −1
dC
= 6 x + 6 − 48 x −2 − 48 x −3 = 0
dx
dC
=0
dx
6 x + 6 − 48 x −2 − 48 x −3 = 0
6 x 4 + 6 x 3 − 48 x − 48 = 0
6 x 3 ( x + 1) − 48( x + 1) = 0
(6 x 3 − 48)( x + 1) = 0
6 x 3 = 48 or x = −1( rejected )
x=2
2 −1 −2
C = 3 ( 2 ) + 6 ( 2 ) + 48 ( 2 ) + 24 ( 2 )
= 12 + 12 + 24 + 6
= 54
SAJC H2 Mathematics Prelim Solutions Page 2 of 10
Minimum cost C is $54.
d 2C −3 −4
2
= 6 + 96 ( 2 ) + 144 ( 2 ) > 0
dx
4(a) w2 = 3 + 4i
Let w = x + iy
( x + iy ) 2 = 3 + 4i
x 2 + 2 xyi − y 2 = 3 + 4i
x 2 − y 2 = 3 ----- (1)
2 xy = 4 ----- (2)
2
From eq (2): y =
x
2
2
Sub into eq (1): x − = 3 ⇒ x 4 − 3 x 2 − 4 = 0
2
x
Solving, we get x = ±2 , y = ±1
Hence w = ± (2 + i )
Let z 4 = −16
(b)
z 4 = 16eiπ
z 4 = 16ei (π + 2 kπ )
1 i (π + 2 k π )
z = 2e 4 , k = −2, −1, 0,1
iπ i 34π −i 34π −i π4
z = 2e 4 , 2e , 2e , 2e
Im(z)
z2 z1
2
π
4 Re(z)
O
z3 z4
5(a)
(i) Let y = x 2 − 3
x = ± y+3
Since x ≤ 0 , x = − y + 3
f −1 : x a − x + 3 , x ≥ −3
0 x
y = f-1f(x) y = f-1(x)
(iii) gf −1 ( x ) = g ( − x + 3) = −2 x + 3 + 4
(ii) y
12
3–
x
-6 0 6 12
6(i) −π π
≤t ≤
2 2
The only axes intercept is at (0,0).
7(i) 2x + 4 y − z = 8
x + 2z = 6
From G.C, x = 6 – 2z, y = –1 + 1.25z, z = z
6 −2
vector equation of l: r = −1 + λ 1.25 , λ ∈
0
1
x
(ii) uuur
OF1 = y
z
F1 is on π1 ⇒ 2x + 4y – z = 8 --- (1)
8(i) Let the height ascended by the athlete and robot after n pulls be An and Rn
respectively.
n
(iii) 2× [ 2 x + (n − 1)(−0.02)]
2
= 2nx − 0.02n(n − 1)
16
Robot will reach the top after = 40 pulls.
0.4
Athlete must reach top by 39th pull.
−1
9(i) dy e tan x
=
dx 1 + x 2
−1
dy e tan x
∫ dx ∫ 1 + x 2 dx
d x =
−1
∴ y = e tan x
+C
When x = 0, y = 1 ⇒ 1 = e0 + C ⇒ C = 0
−1
Thus y = e tan x
−1
(ii) dy e tan x y
= 2
=
dx 1 + x 1 + x2
dy
(
⇒ 1 + x2
dx
)
=y
Differentiating w.r.t. x,
d2 y dy dy
(1 + x2 ) dx 2
+ 2x =
dx dx
2
(
⇒ 1 + x2 ) ddxy + (2 x − 1) ddyx = 0
2
Differentiating w.r.t. x,
d3 y d2 y d2 y dy
(1 + x2
dx 3 )
+ 2 x
dx 2
+ (2 x − 1)
dx 2
+2
dx
=0
d3 y d2 y dy
⇒ 1 + x2( dx 3
+ (4 )
x − 1)
dx 2
+ 2
dx
=0
When x = 0, y = 1 (given)
dy d2 y d3 y
= 1, 2 = 1, 3 = −1
dx dx dx
Thus Maclaurin series is
1 1
y = 1 + x + x 2 − x3 + L
2 6
tan −1 x
(iv) e −1
2
= e tan x (1 + x) −2
(a) (1 + x)
1 1
2 6
(
= 1 + x + x 2 − x 3 + ... 1 − 2 x + 3 x 2 + ... )
3
= 1 − x + x 2 + ...
2
(b) 2 x + tan −1 x 2 x tan −1 x
e =e e
(2 x) 2 1 1
= 1 + 2 x + + ... 1 + x + x 2 − x 3 + ...
2! 2 6
9 2
= 1 + 3x + x + ...
2
n
10(a) Let P(n) be the statement ∑ ( r !× r ) = ( n + 1)! − 1, for all n ∈
r =1
+
Proving P(1)
1
LHS = ∑ ( r !× r ) = 1
r =1
RHS = (1 + 1) !− 1 = 1
∴ P(1) is true
∑ ( r !× r ) = ∑ ( r !× r ) + ( k + 1)!× ( k + 1)
r =1 r =1
= ( k + 1) ! − 1 + ( k + 1) ! × ( k + 1)
+
by Mathematical Induction, P(n) is true for all n ∈
1
π 4sin θ
∫ 0
4
sin θ + cos θ
dθ
π π
= 2[θ ]04 − 2[ln(sin θ + cos θ )]04
π π
= − ln 2 (or − 2 ln 2)
2 2
(b)(i) 2t A B
2
= +
(t + 1) (t + 1) (t + 1)2
Solving, we have A = 2, B = –2
(ii) Using substitution t = 2 x − 1 ,
t 2 +1
x= ,
2
dt 1 1
= =
dx 2x −1 t
When x =1, t = 1
x = 5, t = 3
Hence
5 3
1 1
∫1 x + 2 x − 1 d x = ∫1 t 2 +1 + t (t ) dt
( )
2
3
2t
=∫ 2
dt
1
t + 2t + 1
3
2t
=∫ dt
1
(t + 1) 2
3
1 1
= 2∫ ( − ) dt from b(i )
1
t + 1 (t + 1)2
1 3
= 2[ln(t + 1) + ]1
t +1
1
= 2 ln 2 −
2
Paper 2
Qn Solutions
1 (i) 2 1 2
uuur
AG ⋅ 1 2 ⋅ 1
uuur 2 4 2
Length of projection = AC = =
2 + 1 + 22
2
22 + 1 + 22
2+2+8
= = 4 units
3
2 2λ
(ii) uuur
AC = λ 1 = λ
2 2λ
uuur
AC = 4
4λ 2 + λ 2 + 4λ 2 = 16
4
λ=
3
2
uuur 4
AC = 1
3
2
uuur uuur
2 AG + 3 AC uur
By ratio theorem, = AI
5
2 8
4 + 4
uur 8 8
AI =
5
10 5
1 2
= 8 = 4
5 5
16 8
uuur uuur
(iii) Angle between AG and GC
uuur uuur
−1 AG ⋅ AC
sin uuur uuur
= AG AC units
2 (i) x + y = 100
dx dx
α (100 − x) ⇒ = k (100 − x)
dt dt
1.9 = k (100 – 5) ⇒ k = 0.02
dx
∴ = 0.02 (100 − x)
dt
(ii) dx
= 0.02 (100 − x)
dt
∫ ∫
1
⇒ dx = 0.02 dt
100 − x
⇒ − ln 100 − x = 0.02t + C
When t = 0, x = 5,
−ln(95) = C
So,
− ln 100 − x = 0.02t − ln(95)
ln (100 − x ) − ln(95) = −0.02t since x < 100
100 − x
1n = −0.02t
95
100 − x
= e −0.02t
95
⇒ x = 100 − 95e −0.02t
(iii) When t = 0, x = 5 ⇒ y = 95
Initial value of y = 95 ⇒ Half of initial value = 47.5
When y = 47.5, x = 52.5
(iv)
x = 100
x = 100 − 95e−0.02t
3 (a) π
0 ≤ arg( z + 1 − i ) ≤ and z − i = 2
2
arg( z + 1 − i ) = π Im(z)
2
P(x,y)
1 arg( z + 1 − i ) = 0
π
4 Re(z)
-1 0
π 2
a = 2 cos = 2=x π b
4 4
π (0,1) a
b = 2 sin = 2
4
y = 2 +1
∴z = 2 +i ( 2 +1 )
(b) (i) 3
3π 3π π π
w = 2 cos + i sin cos − i sin
4 4 6 6
3π 3π
Let w1 = cos + i sin
4 4
π π
w2 = cos − i sin
6 6
3
∴ w = 2 ( w1 )( w2 )
3
w = 2 w1 w2 = 2(1)(1) = 2
(
arg( w) = arg 2 ( w1 )( w2 )
3
)
= arg(2) + arg( w1 ) + 3arg( w2 )
3π π
= 0+ + 3 −
4 6
π
=
4
π π
∴ w = 2 cos + i sin
4 4
SAJC H2 Mathematics Prelim Solutions Page 3 of 9
(ii) nπ nπ
wn = 2n cos + i sin
4 4
Since n = 4k , k ∈
4 kπ 4 kπ
wn = 24k cos + i sin
4 4
= 24k cos kπ
= (−1)k 24k
4 (i) dy 8( x 2 + 1) − 8 x (2 x)
Stationary points: Let =0⇒ 2
=0
dx ( )
x 2
+ 1
⇒ − x 2 + 1 = 0 ⇒ x 2 = 1 ⇒ x = ±1
8 8(−1)
⇒y= = 2 or y = =− 2
1+1 (−1) 2 + 1
( )
The stationary points are at 1, 2 and −1, − 2 . ( )
(ii) Axes Intercepts: When x = 0 , y = 0 ⇒ (0,0 ) is on the curve.
Horizontal asymptote: as x→ ±∞, y → 0 since y is a proper fraction, there
is a horizontal asymptote at y = 0
n
n
⌠ 2 x du
(iii) ∫0 f ( x ) d x = 2
⌡0 x 2 + 1
n
= 2 ln x 2 + 1
0
= 2 ln ( n 2 + 1) − ln ( 02 + 1)
= 2 ln ( n 2 + 1) (shown)
2
∫ f ( x ) dx
−2
2
= 2 ∫ f ( x ) dx = 2 2 ln ( 22 + 1)
0
= 2 2 ln 5 = 2 ln 25
0
1 8x
= π ∫ f ( x ) dx y= 2
0
(1,1.19 ) x +1
= π 2 ln 12 + 1
=π 2ln2 units3
5 (i) The sample could be biased or unrepresentative as only those with interest
in the NE programme would volunteer to take part in the survey.
Select 60 females and 40 males to form the sample of size 100 so that the sample
is more representative of the population.
The selection within each strata according to the gender may be done by simple
random sampling using the available name list:
Obtain the list of female students and label them from 1 to 1080.
Generate 60 unique random numbers between 1 to 1080 inclusive.
Choose the students who correspond to the numbers generated.
6 (a) 9!
= 1260
4!3!2!
(b) 4!
= 12
2!
Total arrangement = 12
(iii) 1 − 49 p ≥ 7
80 10
49 3
p≤
80 10
24
0< p≤
49
R B (1200, 0.003)
Since n = 1200 is large and np = 3.6 < 5
R Po(3.6) approximately
Required proportion
= P ( R > 5)
= 1 − P ( R ≤ 5)
= 0.007999
No. of cities = 0.007999 ×10000 ≈ 80
(ii) Let n be the no. of cities investigated and U, V the total no. of
Buzzland and Dodoland spies respectively in these cities.
U Po(1.3n) , V Po(0.4n)
P (U = 23 and V = 11)
= P (U = 23) × P (V = 11)
9 (i)
10 (a) No.
11 (a) (i) Let X be the r.v. “pH level of water” and µ be the population mean.
H 0 : µ = 8.5
• To test at 1 % level of significance
H1 : µ ≠ 8.5
X − µ0
• Under H 0 , T= t (10)
s/ n
p-value = 0.0289
(ii) 2.9027
By CLT, X ~ N (8.31, ) approximately
n
P( X < 8.2 ) < 0.3
8.2 − 8.31
< −0.5244
2.9027
n
−0.11 n < −0.8934
n > 8.1218
n > 65.96
Least value of n is 66.