Scheme & Syllabus of B.SC (Aviation Science)
Scheme & Syllabus of B.SC (Aviation Science)
Scheme & Syllabus of B.SC (Aviation Science)
First Semester:
S.N Course/Paper Cont. Cont. Ass. Marks Ann. Max. Marks
Hr/Week Ass.
Marks
1. Indian heritage 2 10 20 30
2 English Language 3+2 20 40 60
3 Basic Electronics [Avionics #] 6 30 60 90
4 Basic Mathematics Part I 4 20 40 60
5 Basic Physics Part I 4 20 40 60
6 Air Regulation & Engine 6 30 60 90
(SPL/FRTOL Syllabus)
7 Practical (Electronics) 4 10 20 30
8 Hanger Workshop 2 05 10 15
Second Semester:
S.N Course/Paper Cont. Cont. Ass. Ann. Max.
Hr/Week Marks Ass. Marks
Marks
1. Environment Studies 2 10 20 30
2. English Language(ICAO 3+2 20 40 60
Level-4)
3. Circuits & Signals[Basic 6 30 60 90
Radios #]
4. Meteorology I (PPL Level) 4 20 40 60
5. Navigation I (PPL Level) 4 20 40 60
6. Regulations I (PPL Level) 4 20 40 60
7 Technical general I (PPL 4 20 40 60
Level)
8. Flying Experience/Flying 4 10 20 30
check (Practicals)50 Hours
9 Hanger Workshop 2 05 10 15
Third Semester:
S.N Course/Paper Cont. Cont. Ass. Ann. Max.
Hr/Week Marks Ass. Marks
Marks
1. Selected Writings for Self 1 10 20 30
Study
2. PHFR or Principles of 3 15 30 45
Management
3. English (R/T Communication) 3+2 20 40 60
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8. Technical Specific (152) (CPL 4 20 40 60
Level)
9. Hanger Workshop 4 10 20 30
Fourth Semester:
S.N Course/Paper Cont. Cont. Ass. Ann. Max.
Hr/Week Marks Ass. Marks
Marks
1. Selected Writings for Self 1(2) 10 20 30
Study
2. Women in Indian Society 3 15 30 45
Fifth Semester:
S.N Course/Paper Cont. Cont. Ass. Ann. Max.
Hr/Week Marks Ass. Marks
Marks
1. Meteorology IV (ATP Level) 4 20 40 60
2. Air Regulation IV (ATP Level) 4 20 40 60
3. Navigation IV (ATP Level) 4 20 40 60
4. Technical General IV (ATP 4 20 40 60
Level)
5. Technical Specific (P-68) 4 20 40 60
(ATP)
6. English (ICAO Level -6) 3+2 20 40 60
7. Flying Experience/Flying 2 5 10 15
check (Practicals) 100 hours
8. Project: Aviation Security & 1(2) 10 20 30
Human Factor
9. Project: Crew Resources 1(2) 10 20 30
Management & Flight Safety
Sixth Semester:
S.N Course/Paper Cont. Cont. Ass. Ann. Max.
Hr/Week Marks Ass. Marks
Marks
1. Dangerous Goods 4 20 40 60
2. CRM 4 20 40 60
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3. WT (Wireless Telegraphy) 4 20 40 60
Signals)
4. Induction Programme for 4 20 40 60
Aviation
5. Project: Air Traffic Control & 1(2) 10 20 30
Management
6. Project: Aviation Medicine 1(2) 10 20 30
7. Flying Experience/Flying 4 10 20 30
check (Practicals) 50 hours
*: (Students from non-Science background have to pass the Physics and Mathematics papers (of Class 12 th
Standard in their B.Sc I Year in addition to the core papers of B.Sc[Aviation]).
FIRST SEMESTER
1. Indian Heritage
Annual Assess-20
Objectives:- It aims at creating an integrated understanding of Indian Heritage and Modern Indian Society and presents
cultural synthesis as the essential theme of the Indian history.
Note:- There will be 7 questions in all and the students are required to attempt 4 questions.
Significance of Heritage. Unity in diversity in Indian Culture, Influence of Ramayan and
Bhagvad Gita on Indian Culture. Impact of the teachings of Buddhism and Jainism. Promotion
of cultural synthesis in Medieval Indian thought:
(a) Bhakti movement (with special reference to Nanak and Kabir)
(b) Study of Sufism with special reference to Chishtia Cult. Growth of cultural harmony as reflected in architecture
and music. Impact of West on Indian culture. Social reformers (i) Raja Ram Mohan Roy (ii) Swami Dayanand
Saraswati (iii) Swami Vivekanand. Causes for the rise of Nationalism in India. Gandhi’s views on Non-violence,
Satyagraha and untouchability. Contribution of Indian Constitution towards the development of secularism and
Egalitarian society.
2. Haridas Bhattacharya, (ed.), ‘Cultural Heritage of India (in 5 Vol.) Sri Ram Krishna Mission, Calcutta.
3. Jawahar Lal Nehru, “The Discovery of India’, J. L. Nehru Memorial Fund, Oxford University Press, 1981.
5. Moonis Raza (ED.), Introducing India, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 1961.
6. jktsUnz ik.Ms] Hkkjr dk lkaLÑfrd bfrgkl] mRrj izns'k fgUnh laLFkku] y[kuÅ] 2002-
7. jke/kkjh flag fnudj] laLÑfr ds pkj v/;k;] yksd Hkkjrh izdk'ku] bykgkckn] 1956-
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8. Susmita Pandey, Medieval Bhakti Movement: its History and philosophy, Kusumawali Prakashan, Meerut 1989.
2. English Language(Part I)
The course module 1 will be of 4 contact hours per week for a period one semester and will focus on speaking skills
improving confidence through intensive interactive practice. To be eligible for a certificate the student must attend a
minimum of 80 percent of the course and pass the and of the term test and course work.
Descriptors skills area for ICAO Rating Scale: Lg. fedora
Skills Pronunciation
Semester 1. Active listening Basic sounds: Vowels, Consonants
And listening for work related
details
Conversation involving real life Connected speech, weak forms, stress rhythm
situation and exchange involving patterns and intonation.
expected and unexpected turn of
events
Discourse skills: How to speak Discourse features: discourse markers and
slowly and clearly connectors
Understanding different accents Features of connected speech and discourse
3. Basic Physics(Part I)
Unit-I: Vectors: Vectors, Properties of vectors, Position, Velocity and Acceleration vectors, Vector addition and
subtraction, Resolution of vectors, products of vector, Electrostatics: Fundamental forces of nature,
conservation and quantization of charge, Coulomb’s law, Intensity of electric field, electric flux, Electric field
(discrete and continuous charge distributions), Electrostatic potential and Electrostatic potential energy, Gauss’
law and its applications, Electric dipole, Electrical capacitance, principle of a capacitor, parallel plate capacitor
with dielectric, combinations of capacitors.
Unit-II: Current Electricity: Electric current, Ohm’s law, series and parallel connection of resistances, Effect of
temperature on resistance, Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheat stone bridge and meter bridge, Potentiometer and its
applications; Heating Effect of Current: Heating effect of electric current, Joule’s law, moving coil
galvanometer, ammeter, voltmeter and tangent galvanometer, Galvanometer and its conversion to voltmeter
and ammeter,
Unit-III: Magnetic Effect of Current: Bio-Savart’s law and its applications, Ampere’s law and its applications, Lorentz
force, force on current carrying conductors in a magnetic field, Magnetic moment of a current loop, torque on a
current loop, elements of earth’s magnetism, diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances and their
properties, magnetic permeability, magnetic susceptibility and intensity of magnetization, Hysteresis curve.
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Unit-IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents: Faraday’s laws, Lenz’s law, Induced emf, Self and
mutual induction, A.C and D.C generator, D.C. motor, Transformer, Alternating current- instantaneous, average
and root mean square values, R.C, L.R and L.C.R. A.C. circuits, choke coil.
Unit-V: Semiconductor Physics: Insulator, conductors and semi conductor as per band model, intrinsic and extrinsic
semi conductors (N and P type), carrier concentration in n- and p-type semiconductors, and basic semiconductor
devices p-n junction diode, Zener diode, Bipolar Junction Transistor, Field Effect Transistor, Metal Oxide Field
Effect Transistor and their Characteristics, Rectifiers; half-wave, full-wave (center tapped and bridge), ripple
factor and their efficiency.
Text Books:
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understanding of the subject as well as real-life situations).
Text Books:
1. Mathematics-I: N.C.E.R.T., New Delhi, 2007.
2. R. S. Agarwal, Mathematics-I , New Delhi.
Unit II: Network Theorems and Two-Port Parameters: Series and Parallel combination of Resistors and Capacitors,
Kirchhoff’s Laws, Maxwell Loop current method, Superposition theorem, Thevenin’s, Norton’s, Miller’s and
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem. Z, Y, ABCD and H-parameters, Inter-relation between different
parameters.
Unit III: AC Fundamentals: Equation of the Alternating Voltage and Current, R.M.S. and Average Value of sinusoidal
and non-sinusoidal periodic waves, Numerical problems based on AC Fundamentals, A.C. through Inductance,
Resistance and Capacitance. Series A.C. Circuits: A.C. through Resistance and Inductance, Active, Reactive,
Apparent power, Q-factor of coil.
Unit IV: A.C. through resistance and capacitance, R-L-C in series, Resonance in R-L-C circuits and graphic
representation of resonance, Bandwidth and Q-factor of a series circuit. Resonance in Parallel circuits, graphic
representation of parallel resonance and Q-factor of a parallel circuit.
Unit V: Introduction, principle and construction; E.M.F. equation of a transformer, different losses in
Transformer tests, (Open circuit and Short-circuit tests); Regulation of Transformer, Auto
transformer, Application of instrument transformers.
Text Books:
1. B.L.Theraja, “A Text Book of Electrical Technology”, Vol. I and II, 1994, ISBN-81-219-0515-X
Unit I: AIR REGULATIONS: Knowledge of terms used in Aviation such as aircraft, aeroplane, aerodrome, balloon,
co-pilot, Director General, flight time, solo flight time, dual flight time, log book, flight crew member,
helicopter, prohibited area, take-off, landing, Air Traffic Control, Mayday, PAN, etc. - The different categories
of pilots’ licences. - Student Pilot Licence, requirements for issue, renewal, validity and privileges. - Visual
Flight Rules.- Ground markings, visual and light signals with specific reference to visual flights and circuit
flying.
Unit II: AIR NAVIGATION: Basic knowledge of form of earth and the method of representing sphere (Earth) on a flat
surface for mapping. - Basic knowledge of various units of measure such as - nautical miles, kilometer, statute
mile - Fahrenhit and Celsius, millibars (hectopascal) - lbs, kilogram, US and Imperial gallons, litres, and
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conversion from one to other.
Elementary knowledge of some navigational instruments such as Magnetic Compass. Air Speed Indicator,
Altimeter and basic knowledge of magnetism. - Use of Radio Telephony, VHF etc. Elementary understanding of
Radio Navigational Aids such as NDB, VOR, and their uses in aviation (appreciation only).
Unit III: AVIATION METEOROLOGY: Elementary knowledge of atmosphere and its properties. - Basic knowledge
of temperature, pressure and density and their relationship. - I) Elementary knowledge of relationship between
pressure and wind. II) Elementary knowledge of a) variation of wind with height. b) sea breeze and land
breeze. - Elementary knowledge of different types of clouds and precipitation. Basic understanding of hazards
associated with certain types of clouds. - Elementary knowledge of the terms -- Visibility, Fog, Mist and Haze. -
Elementary knowledge of variation of pressure with height, and the Q codes--QNH, QFE and QNE, etc. - Basic
understanding of METAR, SPECI and aerodrome warnings and their importance in aviation. - Elementary
knowledge of the uses of Anemometer, Aneroid Barometer, Win Sock etc.
Unit IV: AIRCRAFT AND ENGINES: Elementary knowledge of -- density, pressure, temperature, humidity and the
relation-ship between them.
- Understanding of the terms – thrust, drag, lift, weight, aerofoil. angle of attack, centre of lift, stalling, range
endurance etc. - Elementary knowledge of the forces acting on an aerofoil in level flight understanding
ofBernoulli’s Theorem. - Elementary knowledge of the primary controls, understanding of the uses of aileron,
rudder,elevator, stabiliser, trimming devices, flaps, landing gear etc. - General knowledge of the principle of
operationof a piston engine an associated systems. - Elementary knowledge of the principle of a fixed pitch
propeller.
Unit V: Elementary knowledge of weight and balance: Basic knowledge of first-aid, the use of generally available
first-aid-kits. - Elementary knowledge of (i) Certificate of Airworthiness (ii) Certificate of Registration (iii)
Certificate of Release to Service (iv) Airworthiness Review Certificate - Basic knowledge of the following
systems of the type of aircraft.
(a) flying controls and flaps (b) landing gear (c) electrical system (d) heating and ventilating system (e) flight
instruments (f) types of propellers - Adequate knowledge of the instrumentation and radio navigation aids
pertaining to the aircraft. - Basic handling and care of aircraft.
7. Practicals (Electronics)
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7. To study of various types of Clampers circuits.
8. To study VI Characteristics BJT CB mode.
9. To study VI Characteristics BJT CE mode.
10. To study VI Characteristics of FET.
11. Study the characteristics of optoelectronic devices (LED, Photodiode, and phototransistor.
12. Study the characteristics of a thermister
SECOND SEMESTER
1. ENVIRONMENT STUDIES
Note:- There will be 7 questions in all and the students are required to attempt 4 questions.
Introduction to Environmental Science and Ecosystem
2. Concept of Ecosystem.
3. Structure : Producers, Consumers and Decomposers, Food Chain, Food Web, Ecological,Pyramids
4. Functions of Ecosystem : brief idea of energy flow; An elementary idea of ecological succession.
2. Uses and over utilization/exploitation of Natural resources : Forest, Water, Mineral, Food, Energy and Land.
1. Definition, Causes, Effects of air, water, soil, noise, thermal and nuclear pollution.
2. Control and preventive measures of air, water, soil, noise, thermal and nuclear pollution.
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3. Global problems: Climate change, global warming, Ozone layer depletion, Acid Rain and Photochemical Smog.
2. Environment and Public Health (HIV/AIDS), Family Welfare Program (Family planning), Women and Child
welfare.
4. Environmental legislation and Environmental Protection Acts (Air, Water, Wild Life, Forest)
Recommended Books :
2. P. Bakre, V. Bakre and V. Wadhwa. 2005. Paryavarniya Adhyyan. Rastogi Publications, Meerut.
4. G.R. Chatisel and H. Sharma. 2005. A Text Book of Environmental Studies, Himalaya Publishing House, Delhi.
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3. Basic Physics Part II
Unit-I: Rotational Motion: Centre of mass, motion of center of mass, Rigid body, Rotational motion, moment of a
force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications, moment of inertia
and radius of gyration, Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects i.e. ring, solid disc, cylinder,
sphere, hollow sphere, rectangular rod, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications, Rigid
body rotation.
Unit-II: Mechanics of Solids and Fluids: Elasticity, Hooke’s Law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of
rigidity, Poission’s ratio, Pressure due to a fluid column, Pascal’s law and its applications, Pressure, Density,
Viscosity, Stokes’ law, Bernoulli’s principle and its applications, Surface Tension, angle of contact, application of
surface tension - drops, bubbles and capillary rise.
Unit-III: Oscillations and Waves: Simple Harmonic Motion, Loaded spring, Simple and Compound Pendulum,
Longitudinal and Transverse waves, Stationary waves, Superposition of waves, Beats, Doppler’s effect for sound
and light waves, Lissajous figures. Atomic Physics: Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, De Broglie
hypothesis, Davisson-Germer experiment, Bohr’s theory of hydrogen spectrum, x-rays,
Unit-IV: Heat and Thermodynamics: Black body, Kirchhoff’s law, prevost’s theory of heat exchange, statement of
Stefan's law, Newton's law of cooling, verification of Newton’s law of cooling, Kinetic theory of gases, rms
speed, Average kinetic energy of gases, Concept and scale of Temperature, Specific Heat, Work, heat and first
law of Thermodynamics, work done in isobaric, isothermal, isometric and adiabatic process, Second law, Carnot
engines.
Unit-V: Optics: Laws of reflection and refraction, Corpuscular theory of light, wave theory of light, Dispersion,
Fraunhoffer lines, Interference, Coherence, Young’s double slit experiment, Freshel’s Biprism, Michelson’s
interferometer, Diffraction, Fresnel’s half period zones, Idea of polarization with the help of light vector, double
refraction, Nicol prism, Polaroid.
Nuclear Physics: Radioactivity, Mass defect and nuclear binding energy, nuclear fission and fusion, Nuclear
Reactor.
Unit I: Integrals: Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution,
by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type
dx dx dx dx dx
x 2
a2
, x a
2 2
, a x
2 2
, ax 2
bx c
, ax bx c
2
,
px q px q
ax dx , dx , a 2 x 2 dx and x 2 a 2 dx
2
bx c ax bx c
2
Definite integrals as a limit of a sum, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof), Basic properties of
definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.
Applications of the Integrals: Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, arcs of
circles/parabolas/ ellipses (in standard form only), area between the two above said curves (the region should be
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clearly identifiable).
Unit II: Differential Equations: Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation.
Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given. Solution of differential equations by method
of separation of variables, homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear
dy
differential equation of the type: Py Q , where P and Q are function of x.
dx
Unit III: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry: Vectors: Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a
vector. Direction cosines/ratios of vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors),
position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a
vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Scalar (dot) product of
vectors, projection of a vector on a line. Vector (cross) product of vectors.
Three-dimensional Geometry: Direction cosines/ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian and vector
equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian and vector equation
of a plane. Angle between (i) two lines, (ii) two planes, (iii) a line and a plane. Distance of a point from a plane.
Unit IV: Linear Programming: Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization,
different types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, mathematical formulation of L.P. problems, graphical
method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible
solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constrains).
Unit V: Probability: Multiplication theorem on probability. Conditional probability, independent events, total
probability, Baye’s theorem. Random variable and its probability distribution, mean and variance of haphazard
variable. Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and Binomial distribution.
Text Books:-
1. Mathematics-II: N.C.E.R.T., New Delhi, 2007.
2. R. S. Agarwal, Mathematics-II , New Delhi.
Unit III: FET-Operation and Characteristics of JFET, Enhancement & Depletion Mode MOSFET,
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Introduction to UJT and its applications
Unit IV: Feed back in Amplifiers: General theory of feedback, Effect of Negative Feed-back on Gain, Stability,
Bandwidth, Noise, I/P & O/P Resistance, Different Feedback Schemes (Voltage series feedback in detail).
Unit V: Oscillators: Basic principles of Feed back Oscillators; Bark Housen criteria, RC & LC Oscillators (Hartley,
Colpitt, Wein bridge, R-C phase shift oscillator), Derivation for frequency of Practical oscillators
Text books:
1. Millman Halkias, “Integrated Electronics,” TMH Publications
2. Robert Baylsted, “Electronics Devices,” PHI Publications
Reference books:
1. Malvino Leach, “Principle of Electronics,” Tata Mg Hills
6. Meteorology(PPL Syllabus)
Unit 1: Aviation Meteorology: Physical basis of meteorology, Brief description of the composition and extent of the
atmosphere, presence of water vapour, Definition of pressure, temperature and density, their relationship,
variation with height, altimeter, Lapse rates, inversion, stability and instability (in very general terms)
Unit 2: General meteorological Phenomena: Winds: Winds and their relation to isobars, Buys Ballot’s Law, Diurnal
variation of winds, Land and sea breezes, Orographic, anagraphic, and katabatic winds, gusts and squalls;
Clouds: International cloud classification, description, altitude and vertical extent, flying conditions associated
with them; Precipitation: Formation of rain, drizzle, snow, sleet and hail; Thunderstorms: Formation of
thunderstorms and their hazards to Aviation; Visibility: Factors affecting visibility, definitions of fog, mist and
haze; Turbulence: Definitions of mechanical, thermal and resultant turbulence; Ice accretion: Types of ice
accretion, Dangers of the effects of icing on air frames and engines.
Unit 3: Synoptic Meteorology: Structure of pressure systems, Weather conditions associated with different types of
pressure systems such as tropical and extra – tropical depressions, Cyclones and anti – cyclones, Weather
meteorological phenomena of special interest to aviators e.g. dust and sandstorms, North Wasters, tornadoes etc.
(synoptic situations giving rise to them in very general terms), The effects of topography on winds, up an
vertical currents over hills, cliff eddies etc., Flying conditions
Unit 4: Indian Climatology: Salient features of distribution of wind, rainfall, thunderstorm and fog. Observations of
meteorological elements: Units, methods and equipment used on the ground to measure pressure, temperature,
humidity, precipitation, cloud, upper winds, surface wind, visibility (in general terms)
Unit 5: Meteorological Organization: Meteorological organization for aviators in India, Brief description of Net works,
types on meteorological offices, meteorological broadcast for aviation, Means of obtaining fore-casts and
reports, Meteorological codes and units QFE, QFF, QNH, METAR, SPECI & TAF
7. Navigation(PPL Syllabus)
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Unit I: Position and direction on the Earth’s surface: The shape of the earth: Form of earth, its axis and poles;
Position on the earth: Great and small circles, Rhumb line, Equator, Parallels of latitude, Latitude, Latitude,
Longitude, Meridian, Prime Meridian, Position expressed by latitude and longitude and grid co-ordinates;
Direction on earth: Cardinal and quadrantal points, Degrees, Minutes and Seconds, Bearings, True and
Magnetic, Variation; Units of measurements: Nautical mile, Statute mile, Yard, Foot, Inch, Kilometer,
Centimeter, Conversation of one into another, Centigrade, Fahrenheit and conversation of one into other.
Unit 2: Aeronautical Maps and Charts: Graticule: Definition; Scale: Methods of indicating scale; Relief: Methods of
showing relief on maps and charts; Projections: The problems of presenting a spheroidal surface on a plane
surface (appreciation); International Modified Polyconic, Merctar, Lambert Conformal conic projections:
Properties and uses of above projections, Conventional signs, Measurement of tracks and distances, Map
orientation.
Unit 3: Magnetic Compass and Instruments: Magnetism: Properties of a magnet, Earth as a huge magnet; Magnetic
Compasses: Principle of a magnetic compass, Brief construction and uses of a ‘P’ type Compass, Unreliability
during turns, Accelerations and decelerations errors, Reading and setting of headings, Purpose and meaning of
Compass, Swinging, Purpose of Deviation Card; Altimeter and Air Speed Indicator: Principle of construction
and errors, Basic Construction of VSI, Basic knowledge of Gyro Instruments
Unit 4: Time: Civil day, I. S. T. G. M. T. / U.T.C., month and year.
Flight Navigation: Elements of Flight Navigation: Heading true, magnetic, compass, Track – true, magnetic,
Deviation, Air Speed –indicated, rectified, true, Wind Velocity, Ground Speed, Drift, Principle of triangle of
velocities, Methods of calculating track error and correction to heading by the 1 in 60 Rule and by 5 and 10 –
degree drift lines (not for Gliders Pilots), Corrections to E.T.A. (not for Gliders Pilots); Flight Planning: The
preparation of flight plan for level flights and at constant airspeeds, Calculations of fuel requirements, (Not for
Gliders Pilots); Use of navigational computer: solution of triangle of velocities, solution of time, speed and
distance problem, conversation of nautical and statute miles and kilometer into one another.
Unit 5: Radio Aids: Direct and alternating cutting, Electromagnetic radiation (Appreciation only), Uses of various Raids
Aids in air navigation (in general terms only), Basic knowledge of the following: NDB, VOR, ILS & DME
8. Regulations I
Unit I: Aircraft Act, 1934: Chapter I, Section short title and extent, Definitions, Power to detain aircraft, Penalty for act
in contravention of rule made under this Act, Penalty for flying so as to cause danger.
Unit II: Indian Aircraft Rules, 1937:
Part I – Extent, Definitions & Interpretations.
Part II – General conditions of flying (Rules 4 to 20)
Part III – General safety conditions (Rules 21, 24, 24A, 24C, 25, 25A, 25B, 26, 27, 28 & 29)
Part IV – Registration and marking of aircraft : change in ownership (Rules 33 & 34)
Part V – Personnel of aircraft as applicable to private pilots (Rules 38, 38A (1) (a), 38A (5), 38A (6), 38A (7),
39A, 39B, 42A & 47)
Part VI – Airworthiness : Minimum instruments & equipment (Rule 53), Period of validity of certificate of
airworthiness (Rule 55).
Part VII – Radio Telegraphic Apparatus (Rule 63).
Unit III: Indian Aircraft Rules, 1937:
Schedule I – Prohibited Areas.
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Schedule II – General :
Private Pilot’s Licence – Validity, Renewal and Privileges.
Instrument Rating – Validity, Renewal and Privileges.
Schedule IV – (Excluding water operations and seaplanes), Rules of the Air.
Unit IV: Relevant contents of Aeronautical Information Publications
Relevant Notices to Airman
Relevant Aeronautical Information Circulars & CARs (Civil Aviation Requirements)
Air Traffic Control Services – Objectives & Divisions (Annex II to the Convention on International Civil
Aviation).
Altimeter setting procedure.
Search and rescue Organisation and procedures in India.
Indian Aircraft Rules, 1920 (Part IX) – Rules 53, 54, 56, 60, 61 & 62.
Unit I: Aerodynamics and theory of flight – Relationship between pressure, density and temperature of air in general
terms, definition of aeronautical terms e.g. angle of attack, angle of incidence, dihedral, sweep back lift, drag,
streamlining, stability (lateral, longitudinal and directional), forces acting on an aircraft in straight & level
flight, climb and gliding.
Unit II: Aircraft – Purpose and use of aircraft components, like fuselage, main – planes, tail – plane, fin, under –
carriage, shock absorbers, brakes, propellers, etc., knowledge of functioning of control surfaces, such as rudder
ailerons, elevators, different high lift devices, such as flaps, slats etc.
Unit III: Engines – General knowledge of the working of an Aero – engine and its components; Instruments –
Elementary knowledge of working of aircraft and engine instruments, such as altimeter, air speed indicator, turn
and bank indicator, artificial horizon, RPM indicator, cylinder head temperature gauge, oil pressure gauge,
manifold pressure gauge, fuel contents gauge, etc., elementary knowledge of electricity – meaning of electrical
terms, e.g. volts, ampere insulation, fuses, circuit breakers etc., purpose of battery, generator, voltage, regulator
etc.
Unit IV: Operating limitations – centre of gravity, its relation to aircraft performance, distribution and adjustment of load
before and during flight, ballast, etc. Handling and Care – General precautions while starting, running up and
closing down of engines – use of chocks, control locks etc.
Unit V: Preflight Inspection – External damage to aircraft and its control surfaces, movement of controls, removal of
control locks, pilot – head covers, serviceability of equipment, safety belts, fire extinguishers, etc., starting and
running up of engines, ground RPM, knowledge of causes of its oil pressure, loss of power, sputtering, mag-
drop, vibrations etc.
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THIRD SEMESTER:
PHFR/Principles of management *
15
Brief introduction to different aspects of development - (Physical, Motor, Social, Emotional,
Cognitive, Language and Moral.)
Introduction to reproductive health with brief discussion on STD/AIDS and sexual
misbehaviour.
Sex education importance and related issues.
Family Planning- importance and methods.
Contemporary Issues, Mental health and hygiene, Drug Addiction, Marriage and family
counseling.
Learning Experiences:
1. Observing children at different age levels in different situations
2. Recording observations, including Anecdotal records on Individual differences in difference
aspects of behaviour
3. Preparing age related teaching aid
4. Viewing educational films followed by group discussion
5. Case Studies
6. Evaluating printed materials – (Magazines, new papers, articles from the books)
7. Collecting, composing and modifying age related songs and stories
8. Introspecting one’s own past childhood experiences, with parents, siblings, friends
neighbours etc.
9. Planning and organizing play activities and games for children of different age groups
10. Group discussions/Buzz sessions
11. Role playing
12. Planning for celebrating festivals, parties, get together.
References :
1. Hurlock E.B. (1978) : Child Development (6th ed.) Mc- Graw Hill, New Delhi
2. Hurlock E.B. (1980) : Developmental Psychology, a Life Span Approach (5 th ed.) Mc- Graw
Hill, New Delhi
3. Panada, K.C. (1990) : Elements of Child Development, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi
4. Bourne G. (1984) : Pregnancy, PAN Books, London
5. Augustine I.S. (Ed.) (1982) : Indian Family in transition, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi
6. Mehra P. (1977): Indian Youth, Emerging, Problems and issue, Saumaya Publications,
Bombay
7. Sharma N. (1999) Understanding Adolescence, National Book Trust, New Delhi
8. Kulkarni S. and Kulkarni S. (1995) : Responsible parenthood and Harmonious families.
16
English (R/T Communication)
5 contact hours per week –
written/oral Exam duration 2 hrs (1 1/2 hrs w ½ O) Total mark-60
Annual –40
Continues assessment- 20
Brief clips on departure and take-off Commands, question and narration/ description
Semester 3 procedures and weather issues speed and Aviation Videos to stimulate class discussion and
heading: Climb/cruise/descent and analysis.
change, fire, pressurization, clearance
notices Approach, Landing, Traffic flow.
Reporting mechanical Problems. Taxi,
Shutdown and post flight, accounts of
accident preventive measure and
vocabulary, aviation culture and history.
Meteorology II (CPL Level)
Unit 1: Aviation Meteorology: Physical basis of meteorology, Brief description of the composition and extent of the
atmosphere, presence of water vapour, Definition of pressure, temperature and density, their relationship,
variation with height, altimeter, Lapse rates, inversion, stability and instability (in very general terms)
Unit 2: General meteorological Phenomena: Winds: Winds and their relation to isobars, Buys Ballot’s Law, Diurnal
variation of winds, Land and sea breezes, Orographic, anagraphic, and katabatic winds, gusts and squalls;
Clouds: International cloud classification, description, altitude and vertical extent, flying conditions associated
with them; Precipitation: Formation of rain, drizzle, snow, sleet and hail; Thunderstorms: Formation of
thunderstorms and their hazards to Aviation; Visibility: Factors affecting visibility, definitions of fog, mist and
haze; Turbulence: Definitions of mechanical, thermal and resultant turbulence; Ice accretion: Types of ice
accretion, Dangers of the effects of icing on air frames and engines.
Unit 3: Synoptic Meteorology: Structure of pressure systems, Weather conditions associated with different types of
pressure systems such as tropical and extra – tropical depressions, Cyclones and anti – cyclones, Weather
meteorological phenomena of special interest to aviators e.g. dust and sandstorms, North Wasters, tornadoes etc.
(synoptic situations giving rise to them in very general terms), The effects of topography on winds, up an
vertical currents over hills, cliff eddies etc., Flying conditions
Unit 4: Indian Climatology: Salient features of distribution of wind, rainfall, thunderstorm and fog. Observations of
meteorological elements: Units, methods and equipment used on the ground to measure pressure, temperature,
humidity, precipitation, cloud, upper winds, surface wind, visibility (in general terms)
Unit 5: Meteorological Organization: Meteorological organization for aviators in India, Brief description of Net works,
types on meteorological offices, meteorological broadcast for aviation, Means of obtaining fore-casts and
reports, Meteorological codes and units QFE, QFF, QNH, METAR, SPECI & TAF
Part III – General safety conditions (Rules 21, 24, 24A, 24C, 25, 25A, 25B, 26, 27, 28 & 29)
Part IV – Registration and marking of aircraft : change in ownership (Rules 33 & 34)
Part V – Personnel of aircraft as applicable to private pilots (Rules 38, 38A (1) (a), 38A (5), 38A (6), 38A (7),
17
39A, 39B, 42A & 47)
Part VI – Airworthiness : Minimum instruments & equipment (Rule 53), Period of validity of certificate of
airworthiness (Rule 55).
Schedule II – General :
Air Traffic Control Services – Objectives & Divisions (Annex II to the Convention on International Civil
Aviation).
Indian Aircraft Rules, 1920 (Part IX) – Rules 53, 54, 56, 60, 61 & 62.
Part I
Part III
Part IV
Notifications.
18
Principle of a magnetic compass, Brief construction and uses of a ‘P’ type Compass, Unreliability during turns,
Accelerations and decelerations errors, Reading and setting of headings, Purpose and meaning of Compass,
Swinging, Purpose of Deviation Card;
Unit V: Instruments: Altimeter and Air Speed Indicator: Principle of construction and errors, Basic Construction of
VSI, Basic knowledge of Gyro Instruments
NOTE : Following items are applicable only if the relevant systems, accessories etc. are fitted on the specific aircraft,
engine, etc. The questions shall be cockpit oriented.
Unit I: Airframe: General knowledge of the construction of the fuselage and stabilizing surfaces, General knowledge of
the aircraft systems including hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, pressurization, instrument pressure and static,
General knowledge of the operation of landing gear and its position indicators, brakes and tire pressure, also
pressures (levels), The operation of the pressurization, temperature control humidity control, electronics, radar,
auto-pilot, deicing, anti-icing, fire detecting, fire extinguishing and oxygen systems.
Unit II: Engines and Propeller: Knowledge of the construction and operation of the engine and its components in
general terms, Knowledge of the ignition system, fuel system, oil system, starter system in general terms,
Knowledge of the functioning of types of the carburetor / injector, fuel pumps, oil pumps filters, boosters,
superchargers, mixture control etc. fitted on the aircraft, Procedure for starting, idling, testing, fuel throttle
operation and shutting down, precaution to be taken during these operations, operation of fire detecting and fire
extinguishing systems, Knowledge of grades / rating of fuel and oil prescribed for use for the engine and
precautions to be taken during replenishing, capacities of tanks, alternatives if any, Elementary knowledge of
propellers, knowledge of their operation including pitch – changing mechanism
Unit III: Instruments: General knowledge of functioning of the instruments and equipment installed in the aircraft,
broad indications of their malfunctioning / unserviceability
Unit IV: Operating Limitations: Speed limitations prescribed in the Flight Manual, e.g. diving, touch down, lowering
the under – carriage, lowering flaps, flying through rough weather, etc. Weight limitations prescribed in the
Flight Manual e.g. maximum weight for take off, maximum weight for touch down, weight distribution, zero
fuel weight etc., Limitations on engine running, maximum RPM, maximum cylinder head and oil temperature,
etc. Handling and Care, Knowledge of picketing, ground locking of controls, provision for protecting form
damage while the aircraft is parked or stored.
Unit V: Safety precautions: Provision of emergency exists, procedures to be followed in case of power plant failure in
air, fire detecting and extinguishing systems, life belts, rafts dinghies etc.
Pre-flight Inspection – External damage to the aircraft and its components, full throttle ground RPM, minimum
oil pressure, maximum cylinder head & oil temperatures, minimum fuel pressure, broad indications of
serviceability of shock absorbers, tires, skids, checking quantity of fuel and oil on board.
For aircraft whose AUW is 5700 kgs, or above separate exam may be held to ascertain the knowledge of flight
performance and pilots operating handbook and the terms used therein.
FOURTH SEMESTER:
19
Selected Writing for Self Study *
Contact hrs- 2hrs/week Total Marks-30
Exam Duration-2 hrs Cont. Assess-10
Annual Assess-20
Objectives: The objectives of the course of study are:
1. To fulfill one of the objectives of Five Fold Education (Panch Mukhi Shiksha) of Banasthali University that is to
educate girls in cultural traditions and presenting and including the essential values and ideas of Indian Culture.
2. To develop an acquaintance with Indian Epics.
3. To develop analytical faculty and habit of self study and reading good books the students.
Note: The paper would be divided into two sections, having 4 questions from each book. Students are required to
attempt 4 questions in all selecting 2 questions from Section A and 2 questions relating to any one book from
Section B.
Section-A
'Fundamental Unity of India' - jk/kk dqeqn eq[kthZ Hkkjr dh ewyHkwr ,drk & ¼fgUnh ¼vuqokn½&fofiu
dqekj½
Section-B
Nk=k dks fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh Hkh ,d iqLrd dk pquko djuk gSA
fu/kkZfjr iqLrdsa %
¼2½ izks0 fnokdj 'kkL=h &xhrk dk uhfr 'kkL= ¼fgUnh@vaxszth½
vFkok
¼3½ MkW0 jk/kk d`".ku~ & Jh enHkxor xhrk ¼fgUnh@vaxszth½
vFkok
¼4½ egknso nslkbZ & The gospel of Self Action or The Geeta (Hindi/English)
vFkok
¼5½ fouksck Hkkos & xhrk izopu
vFkok
¼6½ xka/kh & vuklfDr ;ksx
vFkok
¼7½ fouksck Hkkos & dqjvku lkj ¼fgUnh@vaxszth½
vFkok
¼8½ ckbfcy U;w VsLVkeasV ¼fgUnh@vaxszth½
Note:- There will be 7 questions in all and the students are required to attempt 4 questions.
Concept of Sex, Gender and Identity Formation of Women.
Concept of Justice and Equality; Constitutional Provisions, their Implication with reference to Customary and
Discriminatory Practices.
Women in Pre-independence India: Social Reform Movements with reference to Prohibition of ‘Child Marriage’
and ‘Sati’; Women’s Participation in Indian Freedom Struggle.
20
Status of Women in Post Independence India with reference to Social, Educational, Health, Political and
Economic status.
Rights and laws for the Empowerment of Women. Personnel Laws and debate on Uniform Civil Code, Property
Rights of Women among Hindus, Muslims, and Christians.
Domestic Violence Act, 2005
Sexual Harassment at Work Place. (Vishakha Case)
Women’s Movements in India and Challenges Ahead
Reading Material :
1. Altekar ,A. S. - Position of Women in Hindu Civilization.
2. Desai, Neera - Women in Modern India.
3. Desai, Neera & Maitreyi - ‘Women and society’ (1986), Ajanta Publications.
4. Gangarde - ‘Social Legislation in India.’
5. Ghadially, Rehana - ‘Woman in Indian Society’, Pareek Indira and Garg - Role and Identity of the Indian
Women.
6. Yogendra ,Singh - The Image of Man.
21
Navigation III (CPL Level)
Unit I: Time: Civil day, I. S. T. G. M. T. / U.T.C., month and year.
Unit II: Flight Navigation: Elements of Flight Navigation: Heading true, magnetic, compass, Track – true, magnetic,
Deviation, Air Speed –indicated, rectified, true, Wind Velocity, Ground Speed, Drift, Principle of triangle of
velocities, Methods of calculating track error and correction to heading by the 1 in 60 Rule and by 5 and 10 –
degree drift lines (not for Gliders Pilots), Corrections to E.T.A. (not for Gliders Pilots);
Unit III: Flight Planning: The preparation of flight plan for level flights and at constant airspeeds, Calculations of fuel
requirements, (Not for Gliders Pilots);
Unit IV: Use of navigational computer: solution of triangle of velocities, solution of time, speed and distance problem,
conversation of nautical and statute miles and kilometer into one another.
Unit 5: Radio Aids: Direct and alternating cutting, Electromagnetic radiation (Appreciation only), Uses of various Raids
Aids in air navigation (in general terms only), Basic knowledge of the following: NDB, VOR, ILS & DME
FIFTH SEMESTER
Fifth Semester
22
5.1 METEOROLOGY (ATPL Syllabus)
Unit 1: Aviation Meteorology: Physical basis of meteorology, Brief description of the composition and extent of the
atmosphere, presence of water vapour, Definition of pressure, temperature and density, their relationship, variation with
height, altimeter, Lapse rates, inversion, stability and instability (in very general terms)
Unit 2: General meteorological Phenomena: Winds: Winds and their relation to isobars, Buys Ballot’s Law, Diurnal
variation of winds, Land and sea breezes, Orographic, anagraphic, and katabatic winds, gusts and squalls; Clouds:
International cloud classification, description, altitude and vertical extent, flying conditions associated with them;
Precipitation: Formation of rain, drizzle, snow, sleet and hail; Thunderstorms: Formation of thunderstorms and their
hazards to Aviation; Visibility: Factors affecting visibility, definitions of fog, mist and haze; Turbulence: Definitions of
mechanical, thermal and resultant turbulence; Ice accretion: Types of ice accretion, Dangers of the effects of icing on air
frames and engines.
Unit 3: Synoptic Meteorology: Structure of pressure systems, Weather conditions associated with different types of
pressure systems such as tropical and extra – tropical depressions, Cyclones and anti – cyclones, Weather meteorological
phenomena of special interest to aviators e.g. dust and sandstorms, North Wasters, tornadoes etc. (synoptic situations
giving rise to them in very general terms), The effects of topography on winds, up an vertical currents over hills, cliff
eddies etc., Flying conditions
Unit 4: Indian Climatology: Salient features of distribution of wind, rainfall, thunderstorm and fog. Observations of
meteorological elements: Units, methods and equipment used on the ground to measure pressure, temperature, humidity,
precipitation, cloud, upper winds, surface wind, visibility (in general terms)
Unit 5: Meteorological Organization: Meteorological organization for aviators in India, Brief description of Net works,
types on meteorological offices, meteorological broadcast for aviation, Means of obtaining fore-casts and reports,
Meteorological codes and units QFE, QFF, QNH, METAR, SPECI & TAF
Text book:
1. Ground studies for pilots Meteorology, Blackwell Publishing, Sixth edition
2. Meteorology (Nordian)
3. Meteorology by I.C.Joshi
4. Meteorology, Oxford Aviation Academy, Fifth Edition
23
approach whilst circling, Holding procedures
- in-flight procedures (except table), entry, holding
- obstacle clearance (except table)
Unit 3:- Altimeter setting procedure, Secondary surveillance radar transponder operating procedures, Air Traffic
Services, Air Traffic Control ,Flight Information Service, Alerting Service: application, notification of rescue co-
ordination centres (only INCERFA, ALERFA, DETRESFA), information to aircraft operating in the vicinity of an
aircraft in a state of emergency
Unit 4:-Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services: definitions , general air traffic services operating practices: submission
of a flight plan, change from IFR to VFR flight, clearances and information, control of air traffic flow, altimeter setting
procedures, indication of heavy wake turbulence category and MLS capacity, position reporting, air traffic incident
report, procedures in regard to aircraft equipped with airborne collision avoidance systems (ACAS), separation,
Aerodrome Control Service , Flight Information Service and Altering Service
Unit 5:- Use of radar in Air Traffic Services, Aeronautical Information Service, Visual aids for navigation ,indicators and
signaling devices, markings ,lights ,signs ,markers, Visual aids for denoting obstacles ,Visual aids for denoting restricted
use of areas, Emergency and other services : rescue and fire fighting , Human Performance & Limitations
Text book:
1. ICAO Annexure (1-18)
2. Doc 4444 ICAO Publication
3. CAR Section 7
5. Ground Studies for pilots Air Law, Blackwell Publishing, Sixth edition
4. Air Law (Nordian)
5. Aircraft manual India the aircraft act,1934
6. Ground Subjects: CPL/ATPL Air Regulations by Wg.Cdr.R.K.Bali, Himalayan Books
7. Air Regulations for pilot by R.K. Krishnon
8. Air Law, Oxford Aviation Academy, Fifth Edition
Unit 1: - The solar system , Time and time conversions, determination of sunrise, sunset and civil twilight, Directions,
terrestrial magnetism.
Unit 2:- Distance, conversion from one unit to another , Magnetism and Compasses , Aircraft magnetism, hard iron
and vertical soft iron , turning and acceleration errors, advantages and disadvantages of the remote indicating
compasses ,adjustment and compensation of direct reading magnetic compass
Unit 3:- Charts: General properties of miscellaneous types of projections , Mercator , Lambert Conformal Conic , Polar
Stereographic, Transverse Mercator , Oblique Mercator , The representation of meridians, parallels, great circles and
rhumb lines, The use of current aeronautical charts plotting positions, plotting bearings
Unit 4:- Dead Reckoning Navigation (DR) Basics of dead reckoning ,track , heading (compass, magnetic, true, grid) ,
wind velocity , airspeed (IAS, CAS, TAS, Mach number) , ground speed , ETA , drift, wind correction angle , DR-
position, fix , Use of the navigational computer, speed, time , distance, fuel consumption, conversions , heading ,
airspeed , wind velocity, The triangle of velocities, methods of solution for the determination of heading , ground speed ,
wind velocity , track and drift angle, track error, time and distance problems , Determination of DR position , need for
DR , confirmation of flight progress (mental DR) , lost procedures, heading and TAS vector since last confirmed
position, point-of-safe-return and point-of-equal-time .
Unit 5:- Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS), Flight Management System (FMS), Traffic Collision Avoidance
System (TCAS), Mass and Balance , Centre of Gravity (CG), Performance of Aeroplane, appropriate distance
definitions associated with take-off: (TORA) , (TODA) , (ASDA) , clearways, stop, pressure altitude and temperature
(density altitude), climb , Climb airspeeds: best rate-of-climb, best angle-of-climb, Descent and Landing , Fuel Plan,
Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs) and Standard Arrival Routes (STARs)
Text book:
1. Ground Studies for pilots Navigation, Blackwell Publishing, Sixth edition
2. Ground Studies for pilots Radio Aids, Blackwell Publishing, Sixth edition
3. Ground Studies for pilots Flight Planning, Blackwell Publishing, Sixth edition
4. Navigation General (Nordian)
24
5. Radio Aids (Nordian)
6. General Navigation, Oxford Publication, Oxford Aviation Academy, Fifth Edition
7. Radio Aids, Oxford Publication, Oxford Aviation Academy, Fifth Edition
8. General Navigation JAA ATPL Training Edition – 2, Jeppesesen
25
single and multi-engine, aircraft, propeller check, propeller efficiency as a function of airspeed, aircraft and
engine protection (propeller operation: ground/ air,coarse/fine pitch limitations), maximum and minimum RPM,
(induced) engine vibration and critical RPM, b)Turbine engine, principles of operation, types of construction,
turboprop, turbojet, turbofan, c) Engine construction, Air inlet, function,- Compressor, function,- construction
and mode of operation, effects of damage, compressor stall and surge (cause and avoidance), Diffuser, function,
Combustion chamber, function, types and working principles, mixing ratios, fuel injectors, thermal load,
Turbine, function, construction and working principles, thermal and mechanical stress, effects of damage,
monitoring of exhaust gas temperature, Jet pipe, function, different types, noise silencing devices, Pressure,
temperature and airflow in a turbine engine, Reverser thrust, function, types and principles of operation, degree
of efficiency, use and monitoring, Performance and thrust augmentation, Bleed air, effect of use of bleed air on
thrust, exhaust temperature, RPM and pressure ratio, Auxiliary gearbox, function, d) Engine systems, Ignition,
function, types, components, operation, safety aspects, Starter, function, type, construction and mode of
operation, control and monitoring, self sustaining and idle speeds, Engine start malfunctions, cause and
avoidance, Fuel system, components, operation and monitoring, malfunctions, Lubrication, components,
operation and monitoring, malfunctions, Fuel, Thrust, thrust formula, flat rated engine /derated engine/ flex
power, thrust as a function of airspeed, air density, pressure, temperature and RPM, power plant operation and
monitoring, e) Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) General, function, types, location, operation and monitoring, Ram
air turbine, function,
Unit 3: Emergency Equipment a) Doors and emergency exits, evacuation slides, general usage or as life rafts or
flotation devices, b) Smoke detection, location, indicators, function test, c) Fire detection, - location, warning
mode, function test, d) Fire fighting equipment, location, operation, contents, gauge, function test, e) Aircraft
oxygen equipment, drill, use of equipment in case of rapid decompression, oxygen generators, g) Emergency
equipment, portable, hand-held fire extinguisher, smoke mask, smoke protection hood], portable oxygen
system, emergency locator beacon, transmitter, life jacket, life raft, pocket lamp, emergency lighting,
megaphone, cash axe, fireproof gloves, emergency flotation system / smoke oven Principles of Flight –
Subsonic Aerodynamics, a) Basics Laws and Definitions, Laws and definitions, units, laws of Newton,
Bernoulli’s theorem, static pressure, dynamic pressure, viscosity, density, Basics about airflow, stationary
airflow, not stationary airflow, streamline, streamtube, two-dimensional airflow, three-dimensional airflow,
Aerodynamic forces on surfaces, resulting air force, lift, drag, angle of attack, forces and equilibrium of forces
during climb, level, descent and turn, b) The two-dimensional airflow about an aerofoil, streamline pattern,
stagnation point, pressure distribution, centre of pressure, lift and downwash, drag and wake, influence of angle
of attack, flow separation at high angles of attack, the lift-graph, c) The coefficients, The lift coefficient C, the
lift formula, CL – α graph, CLmax and α normal values of CLmax, αcrit, stall, and the slope of the CL / A.o.A
curve, The drag coefficient CD, the drag formulas: - zero lift drag, lift induced drag, d) The three-dimensional
airflow about an aeroplane,- Streamline pattern, span-wise flow and causes, tip vortices and local α, tip vortices
and angle of attack, up-wash and down-wash due to tip vortices, span-wise lift distribution, wake turbulence
behind an aircraft (causes, distribution, duration of the phenomenon), Induced drag, influence of tip vortices on
the angle of attack, the induced local α influence of induced angle of attack on the direction of the lift vector ,
induced drag and angle of attack, induced drag and speed, induced drag and wing aspect ratio, induced drag and
wing planform, induced drag coefficient, induced drag coefficient and angle of attack, influence of plan of
section, winglets, wing span loading, influence of wing twist,
Unit 4: e) The total drag, influence of change of camber, the parasite drag, profile drag, interference drag, friction drag,
The profile drag and speed, the induced drag and speed, the total drag, the total drag and speed, minimum drag,
the drag – speed graph, f) The ground effect, effect on CDi, effect on αcrit, effect on CL, Effect on take-off and
landing characteristics of an aircraft , g) The relation between the lift coefficient and the speed for constant lift,
as a formula, in α graph, h) The stall,- Flow separation at increasing angles of attack, - the boundary layer: -
laminar layer, turbulent layer, transition, separation point, influence of angle of attack, influence on: - pressure
distribution,- location of centre of pressure, CL,CD, pitch moments, down-wash at horizontal stabilizer, buffet,
use of controls, The stall speed, in the lift formula, influence of: - the centre of gravity, power setting, attitude
(IAS), wing loading, The initial stall in span-wise direction,- influence of plan form, aerodynamic twist (wash
out), geometric twist, use of ailerons, influence of fences, saw teeth and vortex generators, Special phenomena
of stall, the power-on stall, climbing and descending turns, swept back wings, super- or deep-stall, stick pusher,
T-tailed aircraft, ice (in stagnation point and on surface): - absence of stall warning,- abnormal behaviour of the
stall, stabilizer stall, Stall warning, importance of stall warning, speed margin, buffet, stall strip, flapper switch,
AOA vane, AOA probe, stick shaker, recovery from stall, i) CLmax augmentation- Trailing edge flaps and the
26
reasons for use in take-off and landing, different types of flaps:- split flap, plain flap, slotted flap, fowler flap,
flap asymmetry, influence on pitch movement, Leading edge devices and the reasons for use in take-off and
landing, different types: - Krueger flaps, variable camber flaps, slats, their influence on the CL – α graph, their
influence on the CL – CD graph, slat asymmetry, normal/automatic operation, Vortex generators, aerodynamic
principles, advantages, disadvantages, j) Means to decrease the CL – CD ratio, increasing drag, Spoilers and the
reasons for use in the different phases of flight, different functions:- flight spoilers (speedbrakes), ground
spoilers (lift dumpers), roll spoilers, spoiler-mixer, their influence on the CL α graph, their influence on the CL
– CD graph and ratio, Speedbrakes as a means of increasing drag and the reasons for use in the different phases
of flight, the influence on the CL – CD graph ratio,
Unit 5: l) Special circumstances - Ice and other contamination, ice in stagnation point, ice on the surface (frost, snow,
clear ice), rain, contamination of the leading edge, effects on stall, effects on loss of controllability, effects on
control surface movement, influence on high lift devices during take-off, landing and low speeds, affect on
lift/drag ratio, Transonic Aerodynamics, The Mach number definition, speed of sound, influence of temperature
and altitude, compressibility, Normal shockwaves, Mcrit and exceeding Mcrit, Influence of: - mach number,
control deflection, angle of attack, aerofoil thickness, angle of sweep, area ruling, CL – α graph, CLmax, CD,
CL – CD, Aerodynamic heating, Shock stall / Mach buffet, Influence on: - drag, pitch (Mach trim):-
contribution of: - movement of the centre of pressure, angle of sweep, down-wash, Buffet margin, aerodynamic
ceiling, Means to avoid the effects of exceeding Mcrit, Vortex generators, Supercritical profile, shape, influence
of aerofoil shape on shockwaves, precondition for static stability, sum of moments, lift and weight, drag and
thrust, sum of forces, in horizontal plane, in vertical plane, b) Methods of achieving balance, Wing and
empennage (tail and canard), control surfaces, Ballast or weight trim, c) Longitudinal stability, Basics and
definitions, Static stability, positive, neutral and negative, precondition for dynamic stability, dynamic stability,
positive, neutral and negative, damping:- phugoid, short period, effect of high altitude on dynamic stability,
static stability, neutral point/location of neutral point, definition, Contribution of:- aircraft geometry, down-
wash- Location of centre of gravity, aft limit, minimum stability margin, forward position, effects on static and
dynamic stability, Contribution of: - flap deflection, gear extension, The elevator position – speed graph (IAS),
Contribution of; - location of centre of gravity, trim (trim tab), trim (stabilizer trim),Mach number/Mach trim,
friction in the system, Contribution of:- Special circumstances, ice:- effects of flap extension,- effects of
stabilizer ice, rain, Contribution of :- location of centre of gravity, angle of sweep of the wing, fuselage at high
angles of attack, strakes, dorsal fin and angle of sweep of fin, major aircraft parts, e) Static lateral stability, Bank
angle ø, The roll moment coefficient CL, Contribution of angle of slip ß, Contribution of:- angle of sweep of
wing, ventral fin, location of the wing, dihedral / anhedral, Effective lateral stability, f) Dynamic lateral stability,
effects of asymmetric propeller slipstream, Dutch roll, causes, Mach, yaw damper, Effects of altitude on
dynamic stability, b) Pitch Control, Elevator, Down-wash effects, Ice on tail, Location of centre of gravity, c)
Yaw Control, Pedal/Rudder ratio changer, Moments due to engine thrust, direct, induced, Engine failure, rudder
limitations at asymmetric thrust, d) Roll Control, Ailerons,, inboard ailerons, outboard ailerons, function in
different phases of flight, Spoilers, Adverse yaw Means to avoid adverse yaw, fries ailerons, differential aileron
deflection, coupling ailerons to ruder by spring, roll spoilers, effects of asymmetric propeller slip stream, e)
Interaction in different planes (yaw/roll), limitations of asymmetric power, f) Means to reduce control forces,
Aerodynamic balance, nose balance, horn balances, internal balances, balance tab, anti-balance tab, servo tab,
spring tab, Artificial, power assisted controls, fully powered controls, artificial feel:- inputs:- dynamic pressure,
stabilizer setting g) Mass Balance, reasons to balance, means, h) Trimming, reasons to trim, trim tabs, stabilizer
trim/trim rate versus IAS, setting for take-off, Limitations, a) Operating limitations, flutter, aileron reversal,
gear/flap operating, VMO, VNO, VNE, MMO, b) Manoeuvring envelope, accelerated stall speed, VA, VC, VD,
Contribution of:- mass, altitude, Mach number, c) Gust Envelope, Gust load diagram, vertical gust speeds, -
accelerated stall speed, VB, VC, VD, gust limit load factor, VRA, Contribution of:- mass, altitude,- Mach
number,Propellers, a) Conversion of engine torque to thrust, meaning of pitch, blade twist, fixed pitch and
variable pitch/constant speed, propeller efficiency versus speed, effects of ice on propeller, b) Engine failure or
engine stop, Windmilling drag, influence on yaw moment when asymmetric power, Feathering, influence on
glide performance, influence on yaw moment when asymmetric power, diameter of propeller, number of blades,
propeller noise, d) Moments and couples due to propeller operation, Torque reaction, Gyroscopic precession,
Asymmetric slipstream effect, Asymmetric blade effect, Flight Mechanics, a) Forces action on an airplane,
Straight horizontal steady flight, Straight steady climb, Straight steady descent, Straight steady glide, Steady
coordinated turn, bank angle, load factor, turn radius, angular velocity, rate one turn, b) Asymmetric Thrust,
Moments about the vertical axis, Influence of bank angle, overbanking, finstall, Influence of aircraft weight,
Influence of use of ailerons, Influence of special propeller effects on roll moments, propeller torque, propeller
27
wash on flaps, Influence of slip angle on roll moments, Influence of altitude, c) Emergency Descent, Influence
of configuration , Influence of chosen mach number and IAS, d) Windshear,
Unit 1: Introduction, A brief history about the aircraft, its features and the purpose for doing the training on P-68 to
meet the requirement, General details and description.
Unit 2:
Power Plant
Type of engine, engine controls, engine instruments & engine power.
Systems
Fuel System, Electrical System, Hydraulic System, Pressure/pneumatic System & Brake System.
Unit 3:
General Performance of the Aircraft
Flying Techniques, Operating Speeds, aircraft instruments and normal flying procedures, checklist.
Limitations
Aircraft limitations for speeds, weights, engine limitations, range.
Unit 4:
Emergencies
Emergency procedures, emergency equipments, first aid box, fire and failures, electric failure, checklist and memory
items, forced landing procedures.
Weight & Balance
All up weight, calculation of CG, Arm & moment. Definitions of Load and weight, Payload.
Unit 5:
Performance
Aircraft performance, weight limitations, performance at various temperatures, airfield elevations, weight of the
aircraft at different phases of flight.
Optional Equipment on Board the aircraft.
All optional equipments and accessories for P-68.
Text Book:
1. Pilot’s Operating Handbook, Manual P-68.
Structure
Vocabulary
Fluency
Comprehension 10 classes
�
Method: Interactions Pronunciation Topics
Activities
•Speaking and Listening
•Pair work
•Group work
•Interaction
•Consolidation
Aviation Topics
Parts of engine
- - Airline vs Executive Aviation
- The History of Aviation
28
- The Cockpit
- Why it’s great to be a pilot
- Pilot Schedules/Routines
- Ash Clouds
- Depressurization 20 classes
Text/Reference Books:
Council of Europe (2001). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning,
teaching, assessment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Epilepsy – Mental imagery, philosophical issues about. London: Nature Publishing
Group, 858-864.
Jescheniak, J.D., Hahne, A. & Schriefers, H.J. (2003). Information flow in the mental lexicon
during speech planning: Evidence from event-related brain potentials. Cognitive Brain
Research, 15(3), 261-276.
International Civil Aviation Organization (2004). Manual on the implementation of ICAO language
proficiency requirements, First Edition.
Levelt, W.J.M. (2001). Spoken word production: A theory of lexical access. PNAS, 98(23), 13464-
13471.
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Linacre, J.M., Wright B.D., & Lunz, M.E. (1990). A Facets model for judgmental scoring. Memo
Sixth Semester
6.1 DANGEROUS GOODS
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Unit 1: Introduction: purpose of the dangerous goods regulations, general philosophy, dangerous goods regulation, Types
Of Dangerous Goods, Dangerous Goods Carried By Passengers Or Crew, List Of Dangerous Goods.
Unit 2: Packing Instructions, Packing Specifications And Performance Tests, Requirements For Aerosol Dispensers And
Small Receptacles Containing Gas (Gas Cartridges).
Unit 3: Dangerous Goods Security, Security Plans, Elements Of A Security Plan, List Of High Consequence Dangerous
Goods
Unit 4: Classification Of Dangerous Goods, Documentation, Handling, Loading And Off Loading Of Dangerous Goods,
Storage Of Dangerous Goods, Radioactive Material .
Unit 5: History Of Air Cargo, Regulation Governing Transport Of Air Cargo, International Air Transport Regulations,
IATA Regulations Regarding Carriage Of Dangerous Goods,
Text book:
Dangerous Goods Regulation By IATA, 2010
6.2 CRM
Unit 1: Introduction: Definitions, Scope, Objective, Concept of CRM and History of CRM
Unit 2: Importance of safety, behavior of human being, environmental human error, Cabin crew role in CRM.
Unit 3: Communication, leadership, situational awareness, briefing and De-briefing.
Unit 4: Training method and activity, success and failure of CRM training.
Unit 5: Future of CRM, cockpit culture, prevention of crew related incident and accident, introduction to aviation
medicine.
Books:
1. Pilot judgment and crew resource management, BY: Richard S. Jensen
2. CRM developer Handbook
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