The document discusses several aspects of identity development during adolescence, including physical, social, and personal identity. It notes that adolescence involves physical changes through puberty that can impact body image. Positive body image is linked to healthy behaviors while negative body image can harm self-esteem. Adolescents also develop social identities through group memberships and personal identities through their unique traits. Social comparison is common as teens evaluate themselves against peers, and can have either upward or downward effects on self-concept, which represents one's overall self-knowledge.
The document discusses several aspects of identity development during adolescence, including physical, social, and personal identity. It notes that adolescence involves physical changes through puberty that can impact body image. Positive body image is linked to healthy behaviors while negative body image can harm self-esteem. Adolescents also develop social identities through group memberships and personal identities through their unique traits. Social comparison is common as teens evaluate themselves against peers, and can have either upward or downward effects on self-concept, which represents one's overall self-knowledge.
The document discusses several aspects of identity development during adolescence, including physical, social, and personal identity. It notes that adolescence involves physical changes through puberty that can impact body image. Positive body image is linked to healthy behaviors while negative body image can harm self-esteem. Adolescents also develop social identities through group memberships and personal identities through their unique traits. Social comparison is common as teens evaluate themselves against peers, and can have either upward or downward effects on self-concept, which represents one's overall self-knowledge.
The document discusses several aspects of identity development during adolescence, including physical, social, and personal identity. It notes that adolescence involves physical changes through puberty that can impact body image. Positive body image is linked to healthy behaviors while negative body image can harm self-esteem. Adolescents also develop social identities through group memberships and personal identities through their unique traits. Social comparison is common as teens evaluate themselves against peers, and can have either upward or downward effects on self-concept, which represents one's overall self-knowledge.
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UNPACKING THE SELF
Physical Self The Physical Self Concept:
The self as impacted by the body refers to the body, this marvelous container and complex, finely tuned, machine with • Adolescence is a transition period in the human which we interface with our environment and life span which roughly commences in puberty fellow beings. period at age 10-12 which last up to 18-22 years of age (Santrock, 2016). However, the age bracket 2 Ways of Improving the Physical Self of adolescent may vary according different groups. 1. Exercise – Engaging in sufficient physical activity According to healthy children.org, through daily activity and lifestyle habits, adolescence these years is divided into three exercise, or on one’s job to keep in good stages: physical condition. 1. early adolescence (11-14 years old), – Stretching for flexibility, cardiovascular 2. middle adolescence (15-17 years old) activity for endurance, and weight 3. late adolescent (18-21 years old) bearing activity to build strength are all In the Philippines, the Youth in Nation important. Building Act (1994) defined youth according 2. Nutrition to ages which covers between 15-30 years. – Eating a nutritionally balanced diet; This age range was created by the National maintaining a normal weight for your age Youth Commission. and size (BMI between 18.5 and 24.9); not overeating. The physical self refers to the concrete dimension of our body, the tangible aspect of the How do you perceive your physical self? person that can be directly observed and Actual Self vs. Ideal Self examined Actual Self – what you think you are Physical characteristics are defining actually like traits or features about your body. Ideal Self – what you think you would like - The first thing a person sees when an to be individual looks at someone could be Body Image their hair, clothes, nose, or figure. – the way you see yourself - Physical characteristics are what is – the way you imagine how you look seen with the naked eye. They Healthy / Positive Body Image – comes encompass anything that one can describe about a person or group of from negative thoughts and feelings about people, just on sight. your appearance Poor / Negative Body Image – is made up of According to Santrock (2016), puberty is not the thoughts and feelings that are positive. same as adolescence because puberty ends prior to adolescence period. But he recognized that puberty Body image is a major factor in as the as the most essential marker of the beginning Self-esteem - which is the way you of adolescence. think and feel about yourself as a person. Puberty is a process occurring primarily in early How do you describe yourself? adolescence that provides stimulation for the rapid physical changes that occur in the period of Physical Features development. Your Identity – A description of who you are BODY IMAGE Roles Santrock added that one psychological aspect of Likes/ dislikes physical change in puberty is that “adolescents are History/ experiences preoccupied with their bodies and develop images of Your Personality what their bodies are like”. – A collection of your enduring characteristics • Body image refers to the way one sees himself/herself or the way he/she imagine how he/she looks. It can either be positive or negative.
Recent researches revealed that adolescents
Self-understanding is the individual’s cognitive with the most positive body images are representation of the self which consist of the engaged in health enhancing behaviour such substance and the content of self-conceptions. as regular exercise. In general, girls are less happy with their • The development of self-understanding in body images than boys throughout puberty adolescence can be described from simple to but moving towards the beginning till the end perplex state and involves a number of of puberty, both girls and boys become more aspects of the self. It differs from the child positive. understanding of self and may change throughout life development. PERSONAL IDENTITY SOCIAL COMPARISON (AND CONTRAST)
• Personal identities focuses on traits or • Social comparison is a process of comparing
characteristics that may feel separate from one's oneself with others in order to evaluate one’s social and role identities (profession, student, own abilities and opinions. parent) or linked to some or all of these identities (Leary and Tangney, 2012). 2 TYPES OF SOCIAL COMPARISON
SOCIAL IDENTITY 1) UPWARD SOCIAL COMPARISON
(Collective Identities) - when an individual tends to compare himself/herself to other better than him. • Social identity theory was formulated by Tajfel For example, a person loves playing tennis, and Turner in in 1979 which provides a then he compares himself to the one who is framework about how people achieve their expert in tennis to become inspired and do understanding about themselves by being a his best effort to become an expert. member of their group. 2) DOWNWARD SOCIAL COMPARISON People have a need for a positive social - when an individual tends to compare identity that is why they connect to a wider himself to someone who is worse off than social network. he is especially when the person is feeling so low to make himself better knowing This idea assumes that as a member of the that he is more fortunate than others. group they will not be discriminated by Facebook is the biggest land of social outgroup. It will enhance their self-esteem comparison. because they felt secured from the shield of In order to have a healthy self-image, never group membership where they belong. compare yourself to others. One should Social groups include gender, ethnicity, have his own standard for himself. religion, profession, political membership, JOHARI WINDOW business organization etc. is a communication model that can be used to SELF-CONCEPT improve understanding between individuals. • According to Hewstone, et al. (2015) • Developed by Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham Self-concept is a cognitive representation of (the word “Johari” comes from Joseph Luft self-knowledge which includes the sum total of and Harry Ingham). all beliefs that people have about themselves. 2 KEY IDEAS BEHIND THE TOOL: It is a collection of the content of the • Individuals can build trust between themselves individual’s experiences involving one’s by disclosing information about them. characteristics, social roles, values, goals and even fears. Thus, it pertains to • They can learn about themselves and come to everything a person uses when asked to terms with personal issues with the help of describe who he is. feedback from others. • According to Santrock (2015) Using the Johari model, each person is represented by their own four- Self-concept is that it is a domain-specific quadrant, or four-pane, evaluation of self like academic, athletic, window. Each of these appearance and so on. contains and represents Physical self-concept is the individual’s personal information perception or description of his physical self, (feelings), motivation including their physical appearance and (about the person), and typically does not involve an evaluative shows whether the information is known or not component. known by themselves or other people.
SELF-ESTEEM Q1: OPEN AREA
According to Hewstone et al (2015) • What is known by the person about him/herself
and is also known by others. Self-esteem Is the overall evaluation that a person has of himself which involves a positive Q2: BLIND AREA / BLIND SPOT and negative or high and low dimension. • What is unknown by the person about Example is an evaluation of how good a him/herself but which others know. person is or how proud or embarrassed is Q3: HIDDEN / AVOIDED AREA the person about his characteristics. It is a global evaluative dimension of the self. • What the person knows about him/her that others do not. The distinction between the self-concept and self-esteem is that self-concept is domain- Q4: UNKNOWN AREA specific evaluation while self-esteem is a global evaluation. • What is unknown by the person about him/her and is also unknown by others.