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    Heat Transfer in Concentric Shell Tube Heat Exchnager: MIN 500 Instrumentation and Experimental Methods

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    Devendra Sharma
    This lab report examines heat transfer in a concentric tube heat exchanger under parallel and counter flow conditions. The main objective is to compare the amount of heat exchanged between hot and cold fluids under each condition. Experimental results show that in parallel flow, the exit temperature of the hot fluid is higher than the cold fluid's exit temperature, and the heat exchange rate decreases along the pipe length. In counter flow, the hot and cold fluid exit temperatures can be higher or lower depending on mass flow rates, but the heat exchange rate remains constant along the length. Overall, counter flow exchange is more effective due to improved temperature differences between the fluids.

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    Heat Transfer in Concentric Shell Tube Heat Exchnager: MIN 500 Instrumentation and Experimental Methods

    Uploaded by

    Devendra Sharma
    24 views8 pages
    This lab report examines heat transfer in a concentric tube heat exchanger under parallel and counter flow conditions. The main objective is to compare the amount of heat exchanged between hot and cold fluids under each condition. Experimental results show that in parallel flow, the exit temperature of the hot fluid is higher than the cold fluid's exit temperature, and the heat exchange rate decreases along the pipe length. In counter flow, the hot and cold fluid exit temperatures can be higher or lower depending on mass flow rates, but the heat exchange rate remains constant along the length. Overall, counter flow exchange is more effective due to improved temperature differences between the fluids.

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    This lab report examines heat transfer in a concentric tube heat exchanger under parallel and counter flow conditions. The main objective is to compare the amount of heat exchanged between hot and cold fluids under each condition. Experimental results show that in parallel flow, the exit temperature of the hot fluid is higher than the cold fluid's exit temperature, and the heat exchange rate decreases along the pipe length. In counter flow, the hot and cold fluid exit temperatures can be higher or lower depending on mass flow rates, but the heat exchange rate remains constant along the length. Overall, counter flow exchange is more effective due to improved temperature differences between the fluids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views8 pages

    Heat Transfer in Concentric Shell Tube Heat Exchnager: MIN 500 Instrumentation and Experimental Methods

    Uploaded by

    Devendra Sharma
    This lab report examines heat transfer in a concentric tube heat exchanger under parallel and counter flow conditions. The main objective is to compare the amount of heat exchanged between hot and cold fluids under each condition. Experimental results show that in parallel flow, the exit temperature of the hot fluid is higher than the cold fluid's exit temperature, and the heat exchange rate decreases along the pipe length. In counter flow, the hot and cold fluid exit temperatures can be higher or lower depending on mass flow rates, but the heat exchange rate remains constant along the length. Overall, counter flow exchange is more effective due to improved temperature differences between the fluids.

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    MIN 500

    Instrumentation and Experimental Methods

    LAB REPORT

    HEAT TRANSFER IN
    CONCENTRIC SHELL TUBE HEAT EXCHNAGER

    Report Prepared by :
    DEVENDRA SHARMA
    Enroll number : 18541002
    Submission date
    25​th​ march 2019

    Indian Institute ofTechnology, Roorkee,


    Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department
    Summary

    The main objective of this experiment is to Comparing the amount of heat exchange between
    hot and cold fluid in a concentric tube heat exchanger operating under parallel and counter
    flow conditions. We have varied the mass flow rate by the rotameter and calculated the
    amount of heat exchange between two fluids and graph is plotted for parallel and counter
    flow. ​The case of parallel flow, the exit temperature of the hot fluid is higher than the exit
    temperature of the cold fluid and rate of heat exchange is goes on decreasing as length of the
    pipe increasing. As in the case of counter flow the exit temperature of hot fluid can be greater or
    lesser than the exit temperature of the cold fluid depend on the mass flow rate with constant rate
    of heat exchanging along the length.
    Introduction:
    Heat exchanger:
    The process of heat exchange between two fluids that are at different temperatures and separated
    by a solid wall or direct mixing occurs in many engineering applications. The device used to
    implement this exchange is termed a heat exchanger. Many specific applications are found in
    found in space heating and air-conditioning, power production, waste heat recovery, and food &
    chemical processing.
    Heat exchangers are typically classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction.
    The simplest heat exchanger is one for which the hot and cold fluids move in the same or
    opposite directions in a concentric tube. Concentric ​tube shell accompanying several tubes and
    the flow of liquid to be cooled is mainly through tubes, whereas the secondary liquid flows over
    the tube inside shell. The effectiveness of the heat exchanger is mainly depend on the direction
    of the flow wither parallel or counter flow.
    In the parallel flow arrangement the hot and cold fluids enter at the same end, flow in the same
    direction, and leave at the same end. In the counter flow arrangement the fluids enter at opposite
    ends, flow in opposite directions, and leave at opposite ends.
    Fig: counter and parallel flow heat and exchanger and their graph respectively

    ​The principles of heat transfer within the heat exchanger is heat gain by cold fluid is equal to
    heat loss by hot fluid if there is no major losses .
    In a concentric tube heat exchanger

    Heat loss by hot fluid [Wh] = Qh ρh Cph (Thin-Thout)


    Heat gain by cold fluid [Wc] = Qc ρc Cpc (Tcin-Tcout)

    Where,
    Qh = flow rate of hot fluid
    ρh = Density of hot fluid
    Cph = heat capacity of hot fluid
    Thin =Entrance temperature of hot fluid
    Thout = Exit temperature of hot fluid
    Similarly
    Qc= flow rate of cold fluid
    ρc = Density of cold fluid
    Cpc= heat capacity of cold fluid
    Tcin= Entrance temperature of cold fluid
    Tcout= Exit temperature of cold fluid

    Log mean temperature difference [oC] = ΔTm = (ΔT1-ΔT2)/[ln(ΔT1/ΔT2)]


    Overall heat transfer coefficient [W/m2oC] = (heat power absorbed)/ (heat transmission area
    ΔTm)
    U = q/(AΔTm)
    Efficiency η = [(heat absorbed)/ (heat power emitted)] x100
    Heat power lost = heat power emitted - heat power absorbed

    Experimental Set Up

    Set equipment under parallel flow conditions according to the front panel of heat exchanger,
    and by connecting inlet of hot and cold fluid at same end and outlet of hot and cold fluid at
    same end. Set a mass flow rate for cold and hot fluid by adjusting rotameter . The
    temperature readings have been taken for the inlet and outlet thermometers of both the cold
    and hot fluid after the conditions have stabilized.

    For counter flow connect the flow pipe set up according to front panel by connecting inlet of
    cold flow in the direction of hot fluid exit and reading has taken.

    Experimental Result and Analysis


    Observation table 1
    ​OBSERVATIONS

    Flow T1 (degree T2 (degree T3 (degree T4 (degree Volume flow Volume flow


    celcius) celcius) celcius) celcius) rate (hot) rate (cold)
    Direction:
    (gram/sec) (gram/sec)
    parallel flow Hot water in Hot water out Cold water in Cold water out
    1. 51.6 45.3 18.9 23.8 28 38

    CALCULATION

    For parallel flow

    ​Sample T1-T2 T4-T3 Power Power absorbed by Temperature Temperatur Mean


    No. emitted by cold stream efficiency of e efficiency efficiency
    hot stream hot stream of cold
    stream
    Units Kelvin Watt Watt % % %
    1. 6.3 4.9 726.96 776.37 19.26 14.98 17.12

    For counter flow


    Flow T1 (degree T2 (degree T3 (degree T4 (degree Volume flow Volume flow
    Direction: celcius) celcius) celcius) celcius) rate (hot) rate (cold)
    (gram/sec) (gram/sec)
    Counter flow Hot water in Hot water out Cold water in Cold water out
    1. 51.5 43.3 18.6 23.2 32 18

    CALCULATION

    For counter flow


    S​ ample T1-T2 T4-T3 Power Power Temperature Temperature Mean
    No. emitted by absorbed by efficiency of efficiency of efficiency
    hot stream cold stream hot stream cold stream
    Units Kelvin Watt Watt % % %
    1. 6.7 4.9 773.96 776.37 20.55 15.03 17.79

    Discussion and Result


    From the data in Table 1, the general characteristics of parallel flow and counter flow heat
    exchangers can be observed. In the parallel flow configuration, the exit temperature of the hot
    fluid is higher than the exit temperature of the cold fluid and it must be Similarly, but In the
    counter flow configuration, the exit temperature of the hot fluid must be higher than the entrance
    temperature of the cold fluid.

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