Wall Mounted Jib Crane (H-Type) : Mechanical System Design
Wall Mounted Jib Crane (H-Type) : Mechanical System Design
Wall Mounted Jib Crane (H-Type) : Mechanical System Design
Jib crane is a machine that is used to lift heavy loads of greater than 1 ton. There are two main
kinds of jib cranes like Column Jib cranes and Wall mounted Jib cranes. Column jib cranes are
the cranes which utilize a vertical column that is fixed on the Earth with the help of nuts and
bolts. Wall mounted jib cranes do not contain vertical columns rather they have brackets that are
used to fix the crane beam with the wall. Jib Cranes are further divided into three different kinds
on the basis of beam used i.e. C-Type Jib cranes, H-Type Jib Cranes and T-Type Jib cranes. Our
Project is to design an “H-Type” Jib crane. Talking about H-Type jib cranes, these cranes have
Some required specifications, given by the client, have been utilized to design a particular jib
crane. The designed H-Type jib crane has maximum capacity of 1850 kg, a span length of 7.25
meters, maximum height of 8 meters and slewing angle is 300 degrees. Travelling mode is
manual i.e. the movement of trolley is controlled manually whereas slewing mode is motor
controlled i.e. left right turning movement of the beam shall be controlled by motor. After
considering all parameters, it has been calculated that hoist motor should have a power of 68 kW
1. Problem Definition.................................................................................................................. 9
2. Design Description................................................................................................................ 10
2.9.8. Ropes........................................................................................................................... 28
5.2. Components.................................................................................................................... 41
7. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 47
APPENDICES .............................................................................................................................. 50
List of Figures
Fig. 19: Flow diagram for Crane Support Structure Design ......................................................... 30
Fig. 23: Joint Penetration Welds in Shear (Used for making rails runway) ................................ 33
Fig. 25 [a, b]: Bottom Brackets assembling with welding, bolt and bearing positions ................ 36
Fig. 26: Tie Rod with right hand threads on both ends ................................................................. 36
List of Tables
While working in industry, especially in mechanical field, we deal with a lot of heavy load.
Heavy loads include any machinery with engine power mechanism, any vehicle like car, trolley
or van. This is the case when we intentionally use cranes for moving them when these things are
not movable on their own. Moreover, we also deal with accidents everywhere. When huge loads
are disturbed accidently, then cranes are also employed to deal with these accidently fallen loads.
Jib cranes are basically kind of overhead cranes. These cranes have a large horizontal arm and
are fixed with the wall, or earth via long column, to lift a load in a particular defined range of the
arm. These types of cranes have a big application that these are highly used for construction
purposes. Hospitals, Banks, Plazas etc are all constructed by the assistance of jib cranes. These
When I talk about technical review, then I am going to deal with the structural components and
its technical specifications. Main structural components of the crane are boom or a particular
type of Beam, tie rod, brackets, gusset and trolley. Length of boom is called span and it is usually
6 to 8 meters, I have 7.25 m in my case. Bolts and welding are also used while assembling these
components. Technical design and detail of each component shall be discussed in further
2. Design Description
2.1. Overview
Actually, a unique power drive (electric) with built in adjustable clutch is used to power the
crane. There is a “VFD” Controller Rotation Panel attached to the motor. Slewing power is
transmitted by gears i.e. pinion and ring gear. Collector rings and cable grip is provided for the
given rotation i.e. 300 degrees. The hoists and trolleys of jib cranes are slow moving with a
manual travelling mode whereas slewing is motor controlled. Brackets shall be used to connect
Fig. 01: General Parts and Description of a Jib Crane (Design Concepts for Jib Cranes, n.d.)
2.2. Structural Components
The main components with some specified details are highlighted below:
Fig. 02: Structural Concept of H-Type Jib Crane (H Beam Design, n.d.)
When we talk about wall-mounted jib crane, then there is no need to use mast. Only wall
brackets are used where there are two kinds of forces exerted; pull on one bracket and thrust on
the other. As applied load is towards down, hence tie rod will tend to extend itself which will
exert a pull on bracket. A thrust will be generated on the other bracket to accommodate this pull.
Fig. 03: Application of Forces (Design Concepts for Jib Cranes, n.d.)
2.3.1. Loading Calculations
(a)
Angle between tie rod and boom is kept low; let us assume it to be 10 degrees, then;
(b)
Fig. 04 (a, b): Force Analysis (Design Concepts for Jib Cranes, n.d.)
Here,
A = Span = 7.25 m
1 𝐴
𝐹𝐻 = [𝑊𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑑 + 𝑊𝐵𝑜𝑜𝑚 + 𝑊𝑇𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑦 ] 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( ) , … … … (1)
2 𝐵
𝐵
𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔, tan 𝜃 =
𝐴
𝑩 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟕𝟖 𝒎
7.25
𝐹𝐻 = (18148.5) × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( )
1.278
𝑭𝑯 = 𝟏𝟕𝟖𝟕𝟐. 𝟕𝟖 𝑵
1 𝐴
𝐹𝑣 + 𝐹𝑏 = [𝑊𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑑 + 𝑊𝐵𝑜𝑜𝑚 + 𝑊𝑇𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑦 ] ( ) , . … … … … (2)
2 𝐻𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝐸
Let us assume that sum of lifted weight, boom weight and trolley weight is equal to the capacity
of the crane and is given as (1850 x 9.81) N. Also let us consider A=E, hence we can write:
𝑭𝒃 = 𝟏𝟒𝟗𝟗𝟕. 𝟎𝟓 𝑵
Where
P y = Maximum vertical load = P sin 𝜽 = 18148.5 (sin 10) = 3151.45 N
A = span length = 7.25 m
𝑰𝒎𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒕 𝑩𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑴𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝟏. 𝟑 × 𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟏. 𝟒𝟓 × 𝟕. 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟐𝟗𝟕𝟎𝟐. 𝟒𝟐 𝑵𝒎
Maximum Shear force is constant due to a point load and hence given as:
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑃𝑦 = 18148.5 sin(10) = 3151.45 𝑁
Fig. 05: Bending moment and Shear Force diagrams (Shear forces and Bending Moment
Diagrams, n.d.)
2.5. Deflection in the Beam
Considering boom section as an H-beam section, we can label and write the moment of inertia:
When we will use tie rod, then load will be divided into components. Vertical component will be
Boom will undergo 261 mm of deflection when loaded fully, which is acceptable.
Trolley could be a unit that carries the hoisting mechanism that travels on the bridge rails in the
direction perpendicular to the Crane runway. Crane trolley frame is actually the basic structure of
the trolley on that the hoisting and traversing mechanisms are mounted.
Fig. 07: Push girder trolley-Single pin (Hoist and trolley full catalog, n.d.)
Fig. 08: Crane trolley with 4 vertical flange wheels (final load distribution trolley beam two-
crane picks)
Here,
𝑙 = 𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛
𝑆𝑑 = 𝑍1 𝑑1 + 𝑍2 𝑑2 + 𝑍3 𝑑3 + 𝑍4 𝑑4
𝑆𝑑𝑑 = 𝑍1 𝑑1 2 + 𝑍2 𝑑2 2 + 𝑍3 𝑑3 2 + 𝑍4 𝑑4 2
𝑆𝑑
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑏=
𝑆𝑑𝑑
Where, “u f” is friction slip coefficient. This is a design procedure for the trolley. Some selected
standard values have been mentioned in the table attached in appendix (Table 01, Table 03).
2.7. Beam Structure
Fig. 09: Schematic Diagram for the cross-sections of an H-Beam (H Beam Calculations, n.d.)
Fig. 10: Moment Diagram of Crane Cantilever Beam (H Beam Calculations, n.d.)
Where, d=depth, b= width, t w = web thickness and t f = flange thickness. Minimum wing plate
Let us consider that Ls is length of welding zone and L b is length of span i.e. 7.25 m, hence
𝐿𝑏
𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑀𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑 = 𝑀
𝐿𝑏 − 𝐿𝑠 𝑝
𝑀𝑝 = 𝐹𝑦 𝑍0
Table 01: Specimen Standard Design Parameters (ASME B16.21-2011 (Revision of ASME
Some standard values for the H-Beam structure are given in the appendix (Table 04 and Table
05)
2.8. Pivot Assembly
Pivot assembly is very essential towards boom installation. Here are some steps required to make
Fig. 11: Bracket Dimensions [In inches] (Hoist and trolley full catalog, n.d.)
Determine the position of upper pivot mounting assembly on the support structure, and drill bolt
holes. Quickly bolt the upper pivot mounting assembly to the support structure (don’t use lock
washers).
Determine position of lower pivot mounting assembly by dropping bob (by others) through pivot
holes
Drill bolt holes and bolt lower pivot mounting assembly to support structure. Don’t force bolts
Clean pivot pins with a clean, dry cloth. Slide the bearings on pivot pins. Ensure to orient
bearings properly.
Lift boom weldment up and insert lower pivot pin into lower pivot mounting assembly
Fig. 13: Orienting Bearing, Figure: Installing boom welding (mediathek, n.d.)
Place higher pivot mounting assembly on higher pivot pin of boom assembly Bolt higher pivot
Fig. 14: Installing upper pivot mounting assembly (Hoist and trolley full catalog, n.d.)
At 45° intervals, make sure pivot pins of crane are plumb. Shimming of higher and/or lower
Once pins are plumb and shimmed, tighten all mounting bolts to manufacturer’s specifications.
Carefully swing boom through entire journey and guarantee boom is obvious of obstructions and
doesn't drift. If boom drifts, support structure is also inadequate and/or pivot mounting assembly
Attach 2 brake pads to the lower pivot mounting assembly by using two 1/4” socket head cap
Fig. 15: Installing friction brakes on wall-mounted pivot assembly (mediathek, n.d.)
Adjust brake by alteration 2 lock nuts to get the desired motility resistance of the first arm.
To adjust the secondary arm, loosen the set screw and jam nut.
A hoist may be a device used for lifting or lowering a load with the help of a drum or lift-wheel
around that the rope or chain is wrapped. Cranes and Hoists are somewhat interchangeable things
since the particular lifting mechanism of a crane is usually stated as a hoist. Hoists could also be
mounted to a self-propelled trolley on a single rail system, 2 directions of load motion are
available i.e. forward or reverse, up or down. Once the hoist is mounted on a crane, 3 directions
of load motion are available i.e. right or left, forward or reverse, up or down.
The hoist mechanism may be a unit consisting of a motor drive, coupling, brakes, gearing, drum,
ropes, and cargo block designed to lift, hold and lower the most rated load. Hoist mechanism is
Fig. 17: Double girder crane hoist (Hoist and trolley full catalog, n.d.)
2.9.1. Trolley Hoist
An electric hoist and high running motorized self-propelled vehicle i.e. trolley combined in one
unit provides correct load positioning during a kind of applications. Wheels, drives and
management packages are unremarkably designed specifically for the appliance. Out there to be
used on category A through D cranes having capacities from five tons to thirty tons with normal
Common Applications: Moderate service together with significant machine retailers, metal
Selection Considerations: Sturdy, welded steel frame; back-geared limit switches; variable
hoist and self-propelled vehicle speeds and controls; heat treated wheels; heavy-duty crane rated
motors; double reeving for true vertical lift; heavy-duty, long bearings.
1) The load to be upraised together with below-the-hook lifting, load supporting, and
positioning devices.
3) Clearance concerns
Headroom
Frequency of usage
Fig. 18: Hoist Assembly (Hoist and trolley full catalog, n.d.)
2.9.3. Selected Hoist
Sheaves
A “Sheave” may be a grooved wheel or pulley-block used with a rope or chain to vary direction
Load Block
Load Block is associated with an assembly of hook, swivel, bearings, sheaves, pins and frame
suspended from the hoisting ropes. In a "short type" block, the hook and also the sheaves are
mounted on a similar member, referred to as the swivel. However, in a "long type" block, the
The supporting member for the sheaves is termed as the sheave pin and also the supporting
1) Load blocks and hook assembly shall be non-sparking, non-corroding kind, fictional of AISI
and section for the rated capability load. Hook material will be cast steel for non-hazardous
areas.
2) Hook assembly for electrical hoists shall be carried on antifriction bearings to allow free
swivel below rated-capacity load while not twisting load chain or wire.
3) Every hook assembly shall embrace a machined and rib shaft and swivel nut with an efficient
1) Gear shafts shall be factory-made from high-carbon steel or steel, machined and ground for
2) Gear-train assembly shall be carried on antifriction bearings and encircled within the hoist
frame casting.
3) Frame casting shall be supplied with lubrication fittings and review ports.
Selection of rope will be made in line with the quality knowledge out there in appendix (Table
02).
2) Drum shall have correct, machine-cut grooves, move full depth of wire-rope radius, with
rounded corners of dimension as needed for the indicated raise. Groove diameter and pitch
centers shall be not but 1/32 in. (0.79mm) bigger than diameter of rope.
Table 02: Sheaves and Drum Standard Values (ASME B16.21-2011 (Revision of ASME B16.21-
2.9.8. Ropes
In selecting hoisting ropes, the Crane manufacturer's recommendation shall be followed. The
rated load divided by the quantity of components of rope shall not exceed twenty % of the
1) Wire rope for normal applications shall be further versatile, preformed, and improved, plow
2) Wire rope for single-line application shall be performed, improved plow steel, 18 by 7, fiber-
core, non-rotating wire conformist to FS RR-W-410, Type IV, and sophistication a pair of.
3) Wire rope for non-corroding, non-sparking hoist application shall be performed, AISI kind
304, 18-8 corrosion-resistant steel, 6 by 19, bright end, conformist to FS RR-W-410, Type I,
Class 2.
4) Wire rope shall have a FOS (Factor of Safety) of not less than five, based on the minimum
final strength of the fabric used, for different classes of cranes like A and B cranes, and a factor
position and make sure that one extra rope flip will be accommodated once the hook is at its
higher limit of hoisting (i.e. the rope shall not overlap once the hook is at its highest point).
2𝜋𝑁𝑇
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = 𝑷 =
60
There is a particular procedure that must be followed before making a crane structure. There are
some considerations which are of primary importance and these can’t be ignored. Primary level
requirements include the codes and standards, loading, the steel structure design, clearances and
Earthworks. Earth works must be done on the soil to make sure that it can bear heavy loads.
Fig. 19: Flow diagram for Crane Support Structure Design (Thompson, n.d.)
1) There should be a structurally adequate wall, column or truss to support the crane. Note
that the responsibility for determining if the support is adequate or not, rests entirely on
the customer. Information on the loading of the support by the crane can be found by
arc.
Before selecting wall brackets, tie rod, drive motor and rotation arm, we should know the
mechanism to be utilized for making the drive assembly. General mechanism can be seen in the
figure below:
3. Welding Analysis
Internal bracing shown 65 x 50 x 6 to use common section (Size can be reduced if others
available)
Fig. 23: Joint Penetration Welds in Shear (Used for making rails runway) (Welding
guidlines, n.d.)
3.3. Beam Bracket Construction:
It consists of a formed clevis fastened to the tie rod, and bolted to the formed beam
channel.
1) Bottom bracket accepts the downward and compressive forces which actually crane
applies, yet provides optional ease of rotation and resistance to drift the boom.
3) It has two beam connecting plates that are welded to a steel tube, which contains two
bronze bushings.
4) The bolts that connect the plates to the beam are in double shear, with a minimum
5) The beam bracket assembly normally rests on an oil-impregnated bronze thrust washer
and is held in a formed wall channel by using a pivot bolt assembly that is in double
shear.
(a)
(b)
Fig. 25 [a, b]: Bottom Brackets assembling with welding, bolt and bearing positions
(Behavior of welded CFT column to H-beam connections with external stiffeners, n.d.)
i. A single tie rod made up of ASTM A36 and right hand threaded at each end is used.
iii. It assures that the bottom bracket and H-Beam will be loaded evenly.
iv. The design of single tie rod is superior to a double tie rod arrangement that depends on
even adjustments of the two tie rods, which can increase installation time as well as costs.
Fig. 26: Tie Rod with right hand threads on both ends (abus overhead cranes, n.d.)
3.6. Crane Rail (Steel Supported Rail)
Fig. 28: A soft mounted rail (Wall mounted jib crane, n.d.)
Rail profile must fulfill the requirements of DIN 536 and should have minimum tensile strength
of 650 MPa.
Length of each portion should be big enough in order to reduce the number of junctions.
Fig. 29: BURBACK over steel support installation (Wall mounted jib crane, n.d.)
4. Hoist Motor
Standard: Crane and Hoist Duty Motors Type MC Foot Mounted (B3) TEFC Series
Type of Frame: Frame 355L
Table 09: Hoist Motor standards (crane hoist duty motors catalog, n.d.)
Slewing Bearing is a main component used in jib cranes. It is responsible to reduce friction in
slewing. When crane slews or turns at a certain angle like 300 degrees in our case, this bearing
turns out to be an essential part to help this rotation. It basically contains two rings, one inside
and one outside. A lubricant is added between these two rings to reduce friction.
Steel is used as a basic manufacturing material. Different alloys of steel are prepared for better
5.2. Components
Where,
6. Cost Analysis
Cost estimation for each part of the crane will be done according to the companies recently
manufacturing these parts. Complete cost and product details shall be provided in this section
Trolleys with complete hoist are easily available in market. It can be selected by visiting
companies who produce different kinds of crane trolleys. We have got a similar hoist and trolley
CD Electric Wire rope hoist has only one normal speed whereas MD Electric wire rope hoist
gives two speeds i.e. normal and low speed. At a low speed, it can do precise loading and
unloading.
Reference:https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/2-ton-3-ton-5-
ton_1491014450.html?spm=a2700.7724838.2017115.32.4b0e4059nOE9Fo
6.2. H Beam
We have found some companies who manufacture H-Beams of different dimensions. We can
easily select one beam of our desired dimensions. The minimum price we can get for a 7.25 m
Reference:https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/China-manufacturer-construction-structural-
H-beam_60772883253.html?spm=a2700.7724838.2017115.126.4b0e4059nOE9Fo
Reference:https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/hydraulic-marine-crane-jib-crane-
slewing_1950500507.html?spm=a2700.7724838.2017115.1.39b02f0a28cETe&s=p
6.4. Welding and Bolts
Reference:https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/high-pressure-stud-bolt-arc-
welding_60509355067.html?spm=a2700.7724838.2017115.28.39b02f0a28cETe&s=p
Reference:https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/Formwork-parts-Self-color-Galvanizing-
steel_60624521291.html?spm=a2700.7724838.2017115.11.64867cd0RWsClm&s=p
7. Conclusion
Some required specifications, given by the client, have been utilized to design a particular jib
crane. The designed H-Type jib crane has maximum capacity of 1850 kg, a span length of 7.25
meters, maximum height of 8 meters and slewing angle is 300 degrees. Travelling mode is
manual i.e. the movement of trolley is controlled manually whereas slewing mode is motor
controlled i.e. left right turning movement of the beam shall be controlled by motor. After
considering all parameters, it has been calculated that hoist motor should have a power of 68 kW
or higher to lift the maximum desired capacity load.Detailed Engineering Drawings were made
and are attached in the Appendix. All drawings were made in SolidWorks 2016. Main
components, which were considered in making drawings, were H-Beam, Trolley Assembly and
Hoist Assembly, Tie rod, Wall Brackets and Fasteners like nuts and bolts. Standard dimensions
were used and all dimensions can be seen mentioned in the drawing files.
8. References
https://www.abuscranes.com/download/ac79cd9ff7e1eb9da9d1c851bc67fb50/abus_overh
ead_cranes.pdf
[2] ASME B16.21-2011 (Revision of ASME B16.21-2005) Nonmetallic flat gaskets for pipe
[3] Behavior of welded CFT column to H-beam connections with external stiffeners. (n.d.).
ok.xyz/book/542821/aaeeae
http://www.bharatbijlee.com/media/13634/crane_hoistdutymotorscatalogue.pdf
[6] Design Concepts for Jib Cranes. (n.d.). Retrieved from Scribd:
https://www.scribd.com/document/356475547/Design-Concepts-for-Jib-Cranes-pdf
http://lecturer.ppns.ac.id/munir/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2015/09/71005378-Design-
for-Welding.pdf
[8] final load distribution trolley beam two-crane picks. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.iti.com:
https://www.iti.com/hs-fs/hub/78935/file-705583916-pdf/docs/~final_load_distribution_-
_trolley_beam__two-crane_picks_042914r1.pdf
http://ar.booksc.org/s/?q=H+beam+calculations&t=0
http://ar.booksc.org/s/?q=H+beam+design&t=0
https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/349169777339870818/
[12] Hoist and trolley full catalog. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.cmworks.com:
https://www.cmworks.com/Public/11144/Hoist%20and%20Trolley%20Full%20Catalog.
[13] how to calculate the load capacity of a jib crane. (n.d.). Retrieved from hunker:
https://www.hunker.com/12462977/how-to-calculate-the-load-capacity-of-a-jib-crane
ag.ch/mediathek/pdf/englisch/05-laufkran-englilsch/laufkrane_en.pdf
[15] Shear forces and Bending Moment Diagrams. (n.d.). Retrieved from
notendur.hi.is: https://notendur.hi.is/mvg1/ch4.pdf
https://scholar.sun.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10019.1/1904/Thompson,%20G.B.pdf?sequenc
e=1
[17] wall mounted cantilever jib cranes. (n.d.). Retrieved from cisco eagle:
http://www.cisco-eagle.com/catalog/category/4343/wall-mounted-cantilever-jib-cranes
[18] Wall mounted jib crane. (n.d.). Retrieved from Supporting Structures:
http://smakmanutention.com/products/supportings-structures/Wall-mounted-Jib-crane/
http://homepages.cae.wisc.edu/~me349/lecture_notes/welding_guidelines.pdf
APPENDICES
9. Bill of Material
Table IV: Suggested Wing Plate widths Table V: Plastic Shear Forces
Table VI: minimum effective Throat for Partial joint Penetration groove welds in steel
Table VII: Hoist Motor Data
11. Manufacturing Details
12.2. H Beam
12.3. Slewing Bearing