Fenton Oxidation in Post-Treatment of Winery Wastewater: Article Critique Written Report

FENTON OXIDATION IN POST-
TREATMENT OF WINERY
WASTEWATER
ARTICLE CRITIQUE
Written Report
A Requirement in CHE299-2
By
KHYLE GLAINMER N. QUITON
Submitted to:
PROF. ALLAN S. SORIANO

Ph.D. ChE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) refers to a set of chemical treatment procedures
enhanced by ultrasound and ultraviolet (UV) activation, designed to remove organic and
inorganic materials in waste water. Contaminants are oxidized by four different reagents: ozone,
hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, and air, in precise, pre-programmed dosages, sequences, and
combinations. These procedures may also be combined with ultrasound reactors, UV irradiation
and specific catalysts. This results in the development of hydroxyl radicals.
The AOP procedure is particularly useful for cleaning biologically toxic or non-
degradable materials such as aromatics, pesticides, petroleum constituents, and volatile organic
compounds in waste water. The contaminant materials are converted to a large extent into stable
inorganic compounds such as water, carbon dioxide and salts.
A goal of the waste water purification by means of AOP procedures is the reduction of
the chemical contaminants and the toxicity to such an extent that the cleaned waste water may be
recycled or, at least, dumped into a conventional sewage treatment.
AOP is usually used for removing contaminants from waste water coming out of several
types of heavy industries like petrochemical, plastic, chemical, food processing, pharmaceutical,
metal and metal plating, and textile and dying industry.
Advanced chemical oxidation processes make use of chemical oxidants to reduce
COD/BOD levels, and to remove both organic and oxidizable inorganic components. The
processes can completely oxidize organic materials to carbon dioxide and water.
Chemical oxidation processes using hydrogen peroxide, ozone, combined ozone &
peroxide, ultrasound and ultra-violet enhanced oxidation such as US/UV/ozone,
US/UV/hydrogen peroxide, US/UV/air and catalytic reagent. Advanced oxidation processes are
particularly appropriate for effluents containing refractory, toxic or non-biodegradable materials.
The processes offer several advantages over biological or physical processes, including
process operability, unattended operation with very small foot print, the absence of secondary
wastes and the ability to handle fluctuating flow rates and compositions. Conventional oxidation
processes are very often high capital and operating costs and not effective in reducing the COD
contamination from the waste water. Conventional oxidation processes such as biological
treatment, demands long operating cycle which is up to 48 hours and very big footprint.
The first two papers focused on solar photo-Fenton oxidation as winery wastewater post-
treatment. The first paper worked on treatment of winery effluents with membrane bioreactor
(MBR) as a biological treatment followed by solar photo-Fenton oxidation. Paper 2 focused on
reverse osmosis followed by solar photo-Fenton oxidation. Lastly, the third paper studied Fenton
oxidation without solar irradiation as a post-treatment for winery wastewater.
To render the solar photo-Fenton process competitive with other processes, it is essential
that its application represents a low cost operation, which basically implies a better control of
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dosage. The objective of this evaluation in the first two papers is to
select the best operational dosage of H2O2 in the solar photo-Fenton process. Aside from the
optimum H2O2 concentration, ferrous ion (Fe2+) concentration was also optimized. These
optimum concentrations determine the process efficiency. With increase in both H2O2 and Fe2+
concentrations, there’s also an increase in COD reduction in the treated wastewater.

All papers reviewed showed similar and comparable results. It was concluded that the
combination of biological and chemical processes allows the treatment of winery wastewater
leading to COD final values which are acceptable for discharge into natural water courses. It was
also noted that there was higher COD reduction for solar photo-Fenton oxidation than Fenton
oxidation without solar irradiation.
Therefore, solar photo-Fenton oxidation is more efficient than dark Fenton oxidation. The
studies also showed that the concentrate that contains high levels of refractory organic pollutants
was successfully treated by Fenton oxidation; achieving a significant reduction of both the
organic load and toxicity.

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FENTON OXIDATION IN POST-

KHYLE GLAINMER N. QUITON

PROF. ALLAN S. SORIANO

Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) refers to a set of chemical treatment procedures

and specific catalysts. This results in the development of hydroxyl radicals.

inorganic compounds such as water, carbon dioxide and salts.

recycled or, at least, dumped into a conventional sewage treatment.

metal and metal plating, and textile and dying industry.

Advanced chemical oxidation processes make use of chemical oxidants to reduce

peroxide, ultrasound and ultra-violet enhanced oxidation such as US/UV/ozone,

particularly appropriate for effluents containing refractory, toxic or non-biodegradable materials.

(MBR) as a biological treatment followed by solar photo-Fenton oxidation. Paper 2 focused on

oxidation without solar irradiation as a post-treatment for winery wastewater.

concentrations, there’s also an increase in COD reduction in the treated wastewater.

oxidation without solar irradiation.

organic load and toxicity.

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