Human Behavior
Human Behavior
Human Behavior
By:
HUMAN BEHAVIOR
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Introduction
The physiological adaptations that made humans more flexible than other
primates allowed for the development of a wide range of abilities and an
unparalleled versatility in behavior. The brain’s great size, complexity, and slow
maturation, with neural connections being added through at least the first
twelve years of life, meant that learned behavior could largely modify
stereotyped, instinctive responses.
1. Neurological
3. Cognitive
Concerned with the way the brain processes and transforms information
in various ways.
4. Psychoanalytical
Emphasize unconscious motives stemming from repressed sexual and
aggressive impulse on childhood.
5. Humanistic
The three common factors affecting human behavior are as follows, i.e.,
heredity, environment and learning, which are enumerated hereunder:
1. Heredity
2. Environment
3. Learning
There are also factors which causes conflicts on human behavior. They
are as follows:
1. Physical Causes
2. Social Conflicts
Involve restrictions or rules in the home, in the school, in the
community. Many laws are intended for public welfare, but they interfere with
the adolescent’s desires or interest.
3. Economic Conflicts
The two basic types of human behavior are as follows. Human behavior
can be simply categorized at inherited and learned behavior:
1. Inherited Behavior
2. Learned Behavior
1. Extraversion
2. Neuroticism
3. Psychoticism
Frequent comments are heard about the criminal mind, and the
literature devoted to explaining it is extensive. Before the development of more
scientific theories on human behavior and mental illness, one of the most
popular explanations was demonology. Individuals were thought to be
possessed by good or evil spirit, which caused good or evil behavior.
2. Psychiatric Approach
The field of medicine that specializes in the understanding, diagnosis,
treatment, and prevention of mental problems is psychiatry. Psychoanalysis is a
branch of psychiatry, which employs a particular personality theory and a
specific treatment method, usually individual case study.
3. Personality Theory
6. Behavior Theory
Behavior theory is the basis for behavior modification, one approach used
in institutionalized and non-institutionalized settings for changing behavior.
The primary thesis is that all behavior is learned and can be unlearned. The
approach is concerned with observable behavior, underlying personality
problems that must be uncovered and treated.
7. Learning Theory
MENTAL DISORDERS
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5. Emotional maturity.
6. Adequate self-knowledge.
2. He may withdraw from the real world into a world of fantasy and
male-believe where his hidden or unexpressed desires may be fulfilled.
1. Physical
2. Mental
3. Emotional
1. Psychosomatic Illness
2. Psychoneurosis
3. Psychoses
1. Idiot
2. Imbecile
4. Morally Defective
In addition to the mental defect, there are strong vicious and criminal
propensities, so that the person requires care, supervision and control for the
protection of others.
1. Profound
I.Q. is under 20, and capable of most of limited self-help. There is most
likely a need for environment in which care is available throughout his lifetime.
2. Severe
3. Moderate
I.Q. is 36 to 51, and can develop academic skills equal to about the
second-grade level. As an adult he will most probably need as sheltered
environment.
4. Mild
1. Somnambulism
2. Semi-Somnolence
3. Mesmerism
A person is made unconscious by the suggestive influence of hypnotist.
4. Delirium
1. Anti-Social Personality
Definition of Sociopath
Definition of Psychopath
d. This person has not incorporated into his life the moral values of
our society.
2. Paranoid-Schizophrenic
Definition of Hallucinations
Definition of Delusions
3. Inadequate Personality
4. Manic-Depressive
Characteristics of Manic-Depressive
b. He may consider himself unworthy to live, feel guilty for “past sins”
he has committed, and often has a belief that is delusional.
PART
CRISIS MANAGEMENT
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1. In political terrors, the reasons include showing the public that the
government is not able to protect its own citizenry.
7. Whatever the initial reason for hostage taking, it is clear that the
motive for holding the hostage may change.
These are mentally ill people who take hostages during a period of
psychiatric disturbance.
3. Common-Criminals
These are people who take hostages for personal reasons rather than
ideological gain.
4. Prisoners
5. Political Terrorists
In addition to the five district categories of hostage takers, there are also
three generic categories, as follows:
1. Common Criminal
2. The Psycho
Characteristics of Psycho
a. The enforcement officer should try to regain as much information
as possible concerning motives, past life history, medical and arrest records,
etc.; and skilled psychological police negotiators should be trained to talk and
record all the things at his level of understanding if this is all possible.
c. Some of this type will derive vicarious pleasure at being the focus
of attention; he will want to “dictate terms” and will also want to be in a “very
important persons” category; and in other cases he will be motivated by a
strong death wish and offers to allow his escape will diminish the importance of
the situation in which he finds himself.
3. The Fanatics
a. This category includes the one who falls on the extreme side of the
violence; and he is the most dangerous as the law in his mind has no basis of
legality; and the group he belongs is to judge by its peers through acts of
manliness and honor, thinly veiled violence constituting those acts.
4
MANAGING HOSTAGE SITUATION
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1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Leading
4. Controlling
The purpose of fire and observation team is to provide cover to the arrest
and assault team, and to obtain information useful in devising plan of action
and estimates of the situation by direct observation.
The purpose of the negotiating team is to effectively deal with the suspect
for the release of the hostages by getting the demands of the hostage takers.
Arrest and assault teams are SWAT teams assigned the task of taking
the perpetrator into custody.
7. Maintain Reserves.
After the basic plan has been implemented, the leader must then make a
detailed analysis of the situation that should include the following:
1. Mission
3. Terrain
Terrain includes both the natural lay of the land or man-made structures
such as buildings, roads, etc.
4. Resources
The police must consider his strengths as compared with the strengths of
his opponents. He must know what resources are available and which are
needed to deal with the situation effectively.
6. Preparation of Checklist
2. Situation
State the situation and identify the perpetrator in terms of: location,
description and identification, weapons, hostages and identification,
intelligence data, physical objective, and caution statements; and identify all
the law enforcement officers’ involve.
3. Mission
4. Execution
It states the general plan of action in terms of specific objectives and the
specific duties assigned to law enforcement units and individuals. It also states
the coordinating instructions in terms of the following, i.e., time schedule,
order of movement, route of movement, and areas to be isolated.
TERRORIST NEGOTIATIONS
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The terrorist group is one of the most widely publicized groups, but the
least understood of our time. At the same time, it is true that important changes
have taken place concerning the motives, character, and aims of terrorist acts.
5. Attempt to convince the terrorists that their point has been taken,
demands heard, and any further injuries will only discredit them in the eyes of
the public.
3. The terrorist are able to place the state in the inconvenient position
of declaring the value they place on human life but are also obliged to declare
its relative importance, for them, to the values deemed worthy of protection.
1. Control
2. Anxiety
3. Time
4. Communications
6. Trust
7. Problem Solving
1. Introductory Stage
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