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GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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PAD FOOTING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (BS8110-1:1997)

TEDDS calculation version 2.0.07
475 475

475
1200

475
1200

Pad footing details

Length of pad footing; L = 1200 mm
Width of pad footing; B = 1200 mm
Area of pad footing; A = L  B = 1.440 m2
Depth of pad footing; h = 250 mm
Depth of soil over pad footing; hsoil = 900 mm
3
Density of concrete; conc = 25.0 kN/m
Column details
Column base length; lA = 250 mm
Column base width; bA = 250 mm
Column eccentricity in x; ePxA = 0 mm
Column eccentricity in y; ePyA = 0 mm
Soil details
Dense, moderately graded, sub-angular, gravel
Mobilisation factor; m= ;1.5;
3
Density of soil; soil = 18.0 kN/m
Design shear strength; ’ = 25.0 deg
Design base friction;  = 19.3 deg
Allowable bearing pressure; Pbearing = 150 kN/m2
Axial loading on column
Dead axial load on column; PGA = 100.0 kN
Imposed axial load on column; PQA = 27.0 kN
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GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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Wind axial load on column; PWA = 0.0 kN

Total axial load on column; PA = 127.0 kN
Foundation loads
Dead surcharge load; FGsur = 18.000 kN/m2
Imposed surcharge load; FQsur = 5.000 kN/m2
Pad footing self weight; Fswt = h  conc = 6.250 kN/m2
Soil self weight; Fsoil = hsoil  soil = 16.200 kN/m2
Total foundation load; F = A  (FGsur + FQsur + Fswt + Fsoil) = 65.4 kN

Calculate pad base reaction

Total base reaction; T = F + PA = 192.4 kN
Eccentricity of base reaction in x; eTx = (PA  ePxA + MxA + HxA  h) / T = 0 mm
Eccentricity of base reaction in y; eTy = (PA  ePyA + MyA + HyA  h) / T = 0 mm

Check pad base reaction eccentricity

abs(eTx) / L + abs(eTy) / B = 0.000
Base reaction acts within middle third of base
Calculate pad base pressures
q1 = T / A - 6  T  eTx / (L  A) - 6  T  eTy / (B  A) = 133.644 kN/m2
q2 = T / A - 6  T  eTx / (L  A) + 6  T  eTy / (B  A) = 133.644 kN/m2
q3 = T / A + 6  T  eTx / (L  A) - 6  T  eTy / (B  A) = 133.644 kN/m2
q4 = T / A + 6  T  eTx / (L  A) + 6  T  eTy / (B  A) = 133.644 kN/m2
Minimum base pressure; qmin = min(q1, q2, q3, q4) = 133.644 kN/m2
Maximum base pressure; qmax = max(q1, q2, q3, q4) = 133.644 kN/m2
PASS - Maximum base pressure is less than allowable bearing pressure

2 2
133.6 kN/m 133.6 kN/m

2 2
133.6 kN/m 133.6 kN/m
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GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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Partial safety factors for loads

Partial safety factor for dead loads;  fG = 1.40
Partial safety factor for imposed loads;  fQ = 1.60
Partial safety factor for wind loads;  fW = 0.00
Ultimate axial loading on column
Ultimate axial load on column; PuA = PGA   fG + PQA   fQ + PWA   fW = 183.2 kN

Ultimate foundation loads

Ultimate foundation load; Fu = A  [(FGsur + Fswt + Fsoil)   fG + FQsur   fQ] = 93.1 kN

Ultimate horizontal loading on column

Ultimate horizontal load in x direction; HxuA = HGxA   fG + HQxA   fQ + HWxA   fW = 0.0 kN
Ultimate horizontal load in y direction; HyuA = HGyA   fG + HQyA   fQ + HWyA   fW = 0.0 kN

Ultimate moment on column

Ultimate moment on column in x direction; MxuA = MGxA   fG + MQxA   fQ + MWxA   fW = 0.000 kNm
Ultimate moment on column in y direction; MyuA = MGyA   fG + MQyA   fQ + MWyA   fW = 0.000 kNm

Calculate ultimate pad base reaction

Ultimate base reaction; Tu = Fu + PuA = 276.3 kN
Eccentricity of ultimate base reaction in x; eTxu = (PuA  ePxA + MxuA + HxuA  h) / Tu = 0 mm
Eccentricity of ultimate base reaction in y; eTyu = (PuA  ePyA + MyuA + HyuA  h) / Tu = 0 mm

Calculate ultimate pad base pressures

q1u = Tu/A - 6TueTxu/(LA) - 6TueTyu/(BA) = 191.852 kN/m2
q2u = Tu/A - 6TueTxu/(LA) + 6Tu eTyu/(BA) = 191.852 kN/m2
q3u = Tu/A + 6TueTxu/(LA) - 6TueTyu/(BA) = 191.852 kN/m2
q4u = Tu/A + 6TueTxu/(LA) + 6TueTyu/(BA) = 191.852 kN/m2
Minimum ultimate base pressure; qminu = min(q1u, q2u, q3u, q4u) = 191.852 kN/m2
Maximum ultimate base pressure; qmaxu = max(q1u, q2u, q3u, q4u) = 191.852 kN/m2
Calculate rate of change of base pressure in x direction
Left hand base reaction; fuL = (q1u + q2u)  B / 2 = 230.223 kN/m
Right hand base reaction; fuR = (q3u + q4u)  B / 2 = 230.223 kN/m
Length of base reaction; Lx = L = 1200 mm
Rate of change of base pressure; Cx = (fuR - fuL) / Lx = 0.000 kN/m/m
Calculate pad lengths in x direction
Left hand length; LL = L / 2 + ePxA = 600 mm
Right hand length; LR = L / 2 - ePxA = 600 mm
Calculate ultimate moments in x direction
Ultimate moment in x direction; Mx = fuL  LL2 / 2 + Cx  LL3 / 6 - Fu  LL2 / (2  L) = 27.480 kNm

Calculate rate of change of base pressure in y direction

Top edge base reaction; fuT = (q2u + q4u)  L / 2 = 230.223 kN/m
Bottom edge base reaction; fuB = (q1u + q3u)  L / 2 = 230.223 kN/m
Length of base reaction; Ly = B = 1200 mm
Rate of change of base pressure; Cy = (fuB - fuT) / Ly = 0.000 kN/m/m
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Calculate pad lengths in y direction

Top length; LT = B / 2 - ePyA = 600 mm
Bottom length; LB = B / 2 + ePyA = 600 mm
Calculate ultimate moments in y direction
Ultimate moment in y direction; My = fuT  LT2 / 2 + Cy  LT3 / 6 - Fu  LT2 / (2  B) = 27.480 kNm

Material details
Characteristic strength of concrete; fcu = 30 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of shear reinforcement; fyv = 500 N/mm2
Nominal cover to reinforcement; cnom = 30 mm
Moment design in x direction
Diameter of tension reinforcement; xB = 12 mm
Depth of tension reinforcement; dx = h - cnom - xB / 2 = 214 mm

Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4)

Kx = Mx / (B  dx2  fcu) = 0.017
Kx’ = 0.156
Kx < Kx' compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm; zx = dx  min([0.5 + (0.25 - Kx / 0.9)], 0.95) = 203 mm
Area of tension reinforcement required; As_x_req = Mx / (0.87  fy  zx) = 311 mm2
Minimum area of tension reinforcement; As_x_min = 0.0013  B  h = 390 mm2
Tension reinforcement provided; 5 No. 12 dia. bars bottom (275 centres)
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As_xB_prov = NxB    xB2 / 4 = 565 mm2
PASS - Tension reinforcement provided exceeds tension reinforcement required
Moment design in y direction
Diameter of tension reinforcement; yB = 12 mm
Depth of tension reinforcement; dy = h - cnom - xB - yB / 2 = 202 mm

Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4)

Ky = My / (L  dy2  fcu) = 0.019
Ky’ = 0.156
Ky < Ky' compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm; zy = dy  min([0.5 + (0.25 - Ky / 0.9)], 0.95) = 192 mm
Area of tension reinforcement required; As_y_req = My / (0.87  fy  zy) = 329 mm2
Minimum area of tension reinforcement; As_y_min = 0.0013  L  h = 390 mm2
Tension reinforcement provided; 5 No. 12 dia. bars bottom (275 centres)
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As_yB_prov = NyB    yB2 / 4 = 565 mm2
PASS - Tension reinforcement provided exceeds tension reinforcement required
Calculate ultimate shear force at d from top face of column
Ultimate pressure for shear; qsu = (q1u - Cy  (B / 2 + ePyA + bA / 2 + dy) / L + q4u) / 2
qsu = 191.852 kN/m2
Area loaded for shear; As = L  (B / 2 - ePyA - bA / 2 - dy) = 0.328 m2
Ultimate shear force; Vsu = As  (qsu - Fu / A) = 41.678 kN
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GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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Shear stresses at d from top face of column (cl 3.5.5.2)

Design shear stress; vsu = Vsu / (L  dy) = 0.172 N/mm2

From BS 8110:Part 1:1997 - Table 3.8

Design concrete shear stress; vc = 0.79 N/mm2  min(3, [100  As_yB_prov / (L  dy)]1/3)  max((400 mm /
dy)1/4, 0.67)  (min(fcu / 1 N/mm2, 40) / 25)1/3 / 1.25 = 0.490 N/mm2
Allowable design shear stress; vmax = min(0.8 N/mm2  (fcu / 1 N/mm2), 5 N/mm2) = 4.382 N/mm2
PASS - vsu < vc - No shear reinforcement required
Calculate ultimate punching shear force at face of column
Ultimate pressure for punching shear; qpuA = q1u+[(L/2+ePxA-lA/2)+(lA)/2]Cx/B-[(B/2+ePyA-bA/2)+(bA)/2]Cy/L =
191.852 kN/m2
Average effective depth of reinforcement; d = (dx + dy) / 2 = 208 mm
Area loaded for punching shear at column; ApA = (lA)(bA) = 0.063 m2
Length of punching shear perimeter; upA = 2(lA)+2(bA) = 1000 mm
Ultimate shear force at shear perimeter; VpuA = PuA + (Fu / A - qpuA)  ApA = 175.249 kN
Effective shear force at shear perimeter; VpuAeff = VpuA = 175.249 kN
Punching shear stresses at face of column (cl 3.7.7.2)
Design shear stress; vpuA = VpuAeff / (upA  d) = 0.843 N/mm2
Allowable design shear stress; vmax = min(0.8N/mm2  (fcu / 1 N/mm2), 5 N/mm2) = 4.382 N/mm2
PASS - Design shear stress is less than allowable design shear stress
Calculate ultimate punching shear force at perimeter of 1.5 d from face of column
Ultimate pressure for punching shear; qpuA1.5d = q1u+[L/2]Cx/B-[(B/2+ePyA-bA/2-1.5d)+(bA+21.5d)/2]Cy/L =
191.852 kN/m2
Average effective depth of reinforcement; d = (dx + dy) / 2 = 208 mm
Area loaded for punching shear at column; ApA1.5d = L(bA+21.5d) = 1.049 m2
Length of punching shear perimeter; upA1.5d = 2L = 2400 mm
Ultimate shear force at shear perimeter; VpuA1.5d = PuA + (Fu / A - qpuA1.5d)  ApA1.5d = 49.769 kN
Effective shear force at shear perimeter; VpuA1.5deff = VpuA1.5d  1.25 = 62.212 kN

Punching shear stresses at perimeter of 1.5 d from face of column (cl 3.7.7.2)
Design shear stress; vpuA1.5d = VpuA1.5deff / (upA1.5d  d) = 0.125 N/mm2

From BS 8110:Part 1:1997 - Table 3.8

Design concrete shear stress; vc = 0.79 N/mm2  min(3, [100  (As_xB_prov / (B  dx) + As_yB_prov / (L  dy)) /
2]1/3)  max((800 mm / (dx + dy))1/4, 0.67)  (min(fcu / 1 N/mm2, 40) / 25)1/3 /
1.25 = 0.482 N/mm2
Allowable design shear stress; vmax = min(0.8N/mm2  (fcu / 1 N/mm2), 5 N/mm2) = 4.382 N/mm2
PASS - vpuA1.5d < vc - No shear reinforcement required
 Project Job Ref.

GP Section Sheet no./rev.

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D 5/29/2019

5 No. 12 dia. bars btm(275 c/c)

5 No. 12 dia. bars btm(275 c/c)

Shear at d fromcolumn face

Punching shear perimeter at 1.5 × d fromcolumn face