Acp131 Operating Sigs

ACP131(E)
COMMUNICATIONS INSTRUCTIONS
OPERATING SIGNALS
ACP 131(E)
MARCH 1997
i
UNCLASSIFIED ORIGINAL
(Reverse Blank)
ACP131 (E)
1 March 1997
FOREWORD
1. ACP 131, COMMUNICATION INSTRUCTIONS, OPERATING SIGNALS, is an

UNCLASSIFIED Allied Communication Publication (ACP). Periodic accounting is not required.
2. ACP 131 will be effective for National, Service or Allied use when directed by the appropriate
Implementing Agency.
3. This publication contains Allied military information and is furnished for official purposes only.
4. It is permitted to copy or make extracts from this publication without consultation with the
Combined Communications Electronics Board.
5. This publication may be carried in aircraft for use therein.
iii
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ACP131(E)
THE COMBINED COMMUNICATION-ELECTRONICS BOARD
LETTER OF PROMULGATION
FOR ACP 131(E)
1. The purpose of this Combined Communication Electronics Board (CCEB) Letter of Promulgation
is to implement ACP 131(E) within the Armed Forces of the CCEB Nations. ACP 131(E),
COMMUNICATIONS INSTRUCTIONS OPERATING SIGNALS, is an UNCLASSIFIED publication
developed for Allied use and, under the direction of the CCEB Principals. It is promulgated for guidance,
information, and use by the Armed Forces and other users of military communications facilities.
2. ACP 131(E) will be made EFFECTIVE WHEN DIRECTED by the CCEB and, when effective,
will supersede ACP 131(D) which shall be destroyed in accordance with National regulations. The
effective status of this publication is shown below.
EFFECTIVE STATUS
Publication Effective for Date Authority

ACP131(E) CCEB When Directed LOP
3. Service-originated correspondence will be forwarded through the normal military chain of

command, marked for the attention of the appropriate Service communications chief or director. All
proposed amendments to the publication are to be forwarded to the national coordinating authorities of
the CCEB.
For the CCEB Principals:
I R WILLIAMS
Lieutenant Colonel
Chairman of the CCEB Washington Staff
v
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ACP131(E)
RECORD OF CHANGES AND CORRECTIONS
Enter Change or Correction in Appropriate Column
Identification of Change or Date Entered By whom entered

Correction and date of same (Signature: rank;
grade or rate:
name, command)
Change Correction
vii
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ACP131(E)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page ........................................................................................................i

Foreword..........................................................................................................iii
CCEB Letter of Promulgation ...........................................................................v
Record of Changes and Correction .....................................................................vii
Table of Contents..............................................................................................ix - xi
CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
Purpose............................................................................................................1-1
General............................................................................................................1-1
Authorization ...................................................................................................1-1
Instructions .....................................................................................................1-2 - 1-4
CHAPTER 2 - OPERATING SIGNALS - DECODE
Q SIGNALS
QAA - QAZ.....................................................................................................2A1 - 2A3

QBA - QBZ.....................................................................................................2A3 - 2A5
QCA - QCZ.....................................................................................................2A5 - 2A6
QDA - QDZ.....................................................................................................2A6 - 2A7
QEA - QEZ.....................................................................................................2A7 - 2A8
QFA - QFZ.....................................................................................................2A8 - 2A10
QGA - QGZ.....................................................................................................2A10 - 2A11
QHA - QHZ ....................................................................................................2A11
QIA - QIZ......................................................................................................2A11 - 2A12
QJA - QJZ .....................................................................................................2A12 - 2A13
QKA - QKZ.....................................................................................................2A13 - 2A15
QLA - QLZ.....................................................................................................2A15
QMA - QMZ ....................................................................................................2A15 - 2A16
QNA - QNZ ....................................................................................................2A16 - 2A18
QOA - QOT ....................................................................................................2A18 - 2A19
QOU - QOZ.....................................................................................................2A19
QRA - QRZ.....................................................................................................2A19 - 2A20
QSA - QSZ .....................................................................................................2A20 - 2A21
QTA - QTZ.....................................................................................................2A21 - 2A23
QUA - QUZ ....................................................................................................2A23 - 2A26
QVA - QZZ .....................................................................................................2A26
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ACP131(E)
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont’d)
Z SIGNALS
ZAA - ZAZ .....................................................................................................2B1 - 2B2

ZBA - ZBZ .....................................................................................................2B2 - 2B4
ZCA - ZCZ .....................................................................................................2B4 - 2B7
ZDA - ZDZ .....................................................................................................2B7 - 2B9
ZEA - ZEZ .....................................................................................................2B9 - 2B10
ZFA - ZFZ .....................................................................................................2B10 - 2B12
ZGA - ZGZ .....................................................................................................2B12 - 2B13
ZHA - ZHZ.....................................................................................................2B13 - 2B14
ZIA - ZIZ ......................................................................................................2B14 - 2B15
ZJA - ZJZ......................................................................................................2B15 - 2B16
ZKA - ZKZ .....................................................................................................2B16 - 2B18
ZLA - ZLZ .....................................................................................................2B18 - 2B19
ZMA - ZMZ.....................................................................................................2B19 - 2B21
ZNA - ZNZ.....................................................................................................2B21 - 2B23
ZOA - ZOZ .....................................................................................................2B23 - 2B24
ZPA - ZPZ .....................................................................................................2B24 - 2B26
ZQA - ZQZ .....................................................................................................2B26
ZRA - ZRZ .....................................................................................................2B27 - 2B28
ZSA - ZSZ......................................................................................................2B28 - 2B29
ZTA - ZTZ .....................................................................................................2B29 - 2B30
ZUA - ZUZ.....................................................................................................2B30 - 2B31
ZVA - ZVZ .....................................................................................................2B31 - 2B32
ZWA - ZWZ ....................................................................................................2B32 - 2B33
ZXA - ZXZ .....................................................................................................2B33 - 2B35
CHAPTER 3 - OPERATING SIGNALS - ENCODE
Search and Rescue............................................................................................3A1 - 3A4

Radio Navigation ..............................................................................................3B1 - 3B3
Direction Finding .............................................................................................3C1 - 3C3
Aeronautical and Sea Operations.......................................................................3D1 - 3D11
Meteorology......................................................................................................3E1 - 3E8
Communications Equipment and Circuits Adjusting and Testing .......................3F1 - 3F14
Circuit Discipline and Net Control ....................................................................3G1 - 3G9
Message Handling ............................................................................................3H1 - 3H15
Security and Cryptographic ..............................................................................3I1 - 3I3
Visual ..............................................................................................................3J1 - 3J2
Exercise and Miscellaneous...............................................................................3K1 - 3K2
CHAPTER 4 - MISCELLANEOUS ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
Decode .............................................................................................................4A1 - 4A4

Encode .............................................................................................................4B1 - 4B5
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ACP131(E)
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont’d)
CHAPTER 5 - SERIES ZYA - ZZZ (Reserved for intra-nation, intra service or intra command use)
ZYA - ZZA........................................................................................................5-1 - 5-3
CHAPTER 6 - DESIGNATION OF EMISSIONS
Emission Designation Features.........................................................................6-1

Necessary Bandwidth - The First Four Symbols ................................................6-1
Classification - The Next Three Symbols.............................................6-2
Additional Characteristics - The Last Two Symbols ...........................................6-4
Fourth Symbol - Details of Signal (s) .................................................................6-4
Fifth Symbol - Nature of Multiplexing...............................................................6-5
Classification of Typical Emissions....................................................................6-5
List of Effective Pages.......................................................................................LEP-1
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ACP 131(E)
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
101. PURPOSE
The purpose of this publication is to list operating signals and provide instructions for their use.
102. GENERAL
This publication includes:
a. Operating Signals from the following series of international civil Q code:
(1) The series QAA to QNZ inclusive, the meanings of which are assigned by the
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). In general, the only civil stations that will have
available a copy of this series are those of the Aeronautical Service. Therefore, this series is not to be
used with other civil stations unless it is known that the station concerned is familiar with the series.
(Note: Stations of the Aeronautical Service are those operated in accordance with ICAO international
standards and recommended practices to provide for the safety of air navigation and for the regular,
efficient and economical operation of the air services).
(2) The series QOA to QQZ inclusive is reserved for the Maritime Services.
(3) The series QRA to QUZ inclusive, the meanings of which are assigned by the
International Telecommunications Union (ITU). In general, all civil stations will have available a copy
of this series. Therefore, this series may be used with all civil stations unless the station concerned
indicates its unfamiliarity with the series.
(4) The series QVA to QZZ inclusive has not been allocated to date.
b. Operating signals from the series ZAA to ZXZ inclusive of the allied military Z code. The
series ZYA to ZZZ inclusive is reserved for the temporary or permanent assignment of meanings on an
intra-military basis by any nation, service or command authorized use of this publication. For the
convenience of assigning authorities, provision for this series (ZYA-ZZZ) is included in Chapter 5 of this
publication.
c. Miscellaneous abbreviations and symbols developed or approved by ICAO for use with the
series QAA to QNZ inclusive. These abbreviations and symbols, however, are authorized for use by
allied military stations with any Q or Z signal subject to the use limitations, if any, of that Q or Z signal
(see paragraph 103).
103. AUTHORIZATION
a. The series QAA to QUZ of the international civil Q code, and the series ZAA to ZXZ of the
allied military Z code, are authorized for use between allied military stations subject to the provisions of
paragraph 102. Q and Z signals of these series may be used together between allied military stations.
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ACP 131(E)
b. The series QAA to QUZ of the international civil Q code are authorized for use between
Allied military stations and civil stations, subject to the provisions of paragraph 102. The allied
military Z code (ZAA-ZZZ) is not authorized for use between allied military stations and civil commercial
stations.
c. Any nation, service or command may prohibit or restrict the military use, within its area
of jurisdiction, of any operating signal. However, when such operating signals are received from other
users, they must be recognized and acted upon.
104. INSTRUCTIONS
a. Action. Q or Z signals ordering or indicating that an action is to be taken (a change of

frequency, for example) will be answered before the action is taken, unless the "Broadcast" method is
used or the station ordering or indicating the action has indicated that an answer is not required.
b. Affirmatives or Negatives. Operating signals, as appropriate, will be used by allied

military stations to convey an affirmative or negative sense...
(1) To civil stations by adding "C" (affirmative) or "N" (negative) after the Q signal and
any data used with it:
Examples (of replies):
(a) QFQ C means: (Yes) The approach and runway lights are lit.
(b) QAK N means: (No) There is no risk of collision. "NO", instead of "N", is
authorized for use by and to civil stations of the Aeronautical Service.
(2) To allied military stations by using the appropriate Q or Z signal:
Examples (of replies):
(a) QHZ means: (Yes) Circle the aerodrome (or go around).
(b) ZOE Means: (Yes) Give me your message. I will dispose of it.
NOTE: In addition to the above, replies to questions from military stations may be made by using ZUE
meaning Affirmative (Yes) or ZUG meaning Negative (No).
c. Blank Spaces. Blank spaces in the meanings of Q and Z signals will be completed, in the
order in which they appear; however, blank spaces enclosed in parentheses normally will be completed
on an optional basis only.
Examples:
(1) QBM BF6 1010Z means: Here is the message sent by BF6 at 1010Z
hours.
NOTE: The meaning assigned QBM is "Here is the message sent by..at...hours"; therefore, as these
blank spaces are not included in parentheses, all are completed, in the order in which they
appear.
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ACP 131(E)
(2) ZKO BG2 means: I have handed over guard to BG2.
NOTE: The meaning assigned ZKO is "I have handed over guard (to...) (on...kHz (or MHz)) (serial
number of last message received was...)"; however, in the above example, the user elected to
complete only one of the blank spaces enclosed in parentheses.
d. Call Signs. Normally call signs will follow the Q or Z signal to which they refer;
however, they also may precede the operating signal for separation or clarity.
e. Frequencies:
(1) When the meaning of a Q or Z signal includes the expression "on... kHz (or MHz)",
the figures used alone (not supplemented by an abbreviation) always will indicate the frequency in
kilohertz per second. To indicate the frequency in megahertz per second, the figures will be
supplemented by the abbreviation "MHz".
(2) Provided that no confusion can arise, in those Q or Z signals whose meaning
includes the expression "on...kHz (or MHz)", the circuit designator or other disguised reference, if
available, will be used in place of the actual frequency.
(3) Although not provided for in the meaning of a Q or Z signal, a frequency may be
used with any such operating signal by adding figures and the appropriate abbreviation ("kHz"
(kilohertz) or "MHz" (megahertz)).
f. Numbered Alternates. Q and Z signals with numbered alternate meanings will be

followed, without spacing, by the appropriate number to indicate the meaning intended.
Examples:
(1) QCB2 means: Delay is being caused by your slowness in answering.
NOTE: QCB has the following numbered alternate meanings - "Delay is being caused by...(1. your
transmitting out of turn; 2. your slowness in answering; 3. lack of your reply to my...)."
(2) ZAP5 means: Work single sideband.
NOTE: ZAP has the following numbered alternate meanings - "Work...(1. simplex; 2. duplex; 3. diplex;
4. multiplex; 5. single sideband)."
g. Plain Language. Plain unabbreviated language is authorized for use to complete or

amplify the meaning of operating signals only when no other approved method will do.
h. Questions. Operating signals, as appropriate, will be used by allied military stations to

ask questions:
(1) Of civil stations, by adding the prosign IMI after the Q signal and any data used
with it;
Example: QAR 15 IMI means: May I stop listening on the watch frequency for 15
minutes?
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ACP 131(E)
(2) Of military stations, by inserting the prosign INT before the Q or Z signal to
which it refers.
Examples:
(a) INT QAR 15 means: May I stop listening on the watch frequency for 15 minutes?
(b) INT ZDJ means: How many groups does your message contain?
i. Security. Operating signals possess no security. They must be regarded as the

equivalent of plain language.
j. Separation. The separative sign (prosign II, written as a short dash) may be used to
separate Q or Z signals when desired.
k. Time Groups. Time groups (including date-time groups) used with Q or Z signals always
will be followed, without spacing, by a zone suffix letter (see ACP 121). Although not provided for in the
meaning of a Q or Z signal, a time group (including date-time group) may be used with any such
operating signal.
l. Units of Measurement. When units of measurement are desired for use which differ from
those in the meaning of an operating signal, an appropriate abbreviation will be used (see Chapter 4).
m. Class of Emission (Chapter 6). When using operating signals concerning radio equipment
or its use, e.g. QSU, QSW, ZTD, ZTE, ZTJ, ZTM, the class of emission/type of transmission may be
indicated by use of the tables in Chapter 6. The operating signal ZTG is used for this purpose unless
Chapter 6 is referred to in the meaning of the signal.
Examples:
(1) QSU F1B means: Send or reply on this frequency use frequency shift keyed
telegraphy.
(2) ZTM ZTG R3E means: I am unable to use single sideband, reduced carrier,
telephony.
1- 4
ACP 131(E)
CHAPTER 2
OPERATING SIGNALS
DECODE
SECTION A - Q SIGNALS
SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER
QAA
QAB May I have clearance (for...) from...(place You are cleared (or...is cleared) by... from...
and/or control) to...(place and/or control) (place and/or control) to... (place and/or control)
at...(figures and units) height at...(figures and units) height above...(datum).
above...(datum)?
QAC
QAD
QAE
QAF Will you advice me when you are (were) I am (was) at (over)...(place) (at...hours)
at (over)...(place)? (at...(figures and units)) height above...
(datum).
QAG Arrange your flight in order to arrive
over...(place) at...hours
or
I am arranging my flight in order to arrive
over...(place) at...hours.
QAH What is your height above... (datum)? I am at...(figures and units) height
above...(datum). Note: An aircraft is
permitted to reply to QAH IMI by using any of
the answer forms of signals QBF, QBG, QBH,
QBK, QBN or QBP. In such cases the signal
QAH is omitted from the reply.
or
Arrange your flight so as to reach...(figures
and units) height above...(datum) at...(hours or
place).
QAI What is the essential traffic? The essential traffic is...
Note: Relates to aircraft and not Note: Relates to aircraft and not
communication traffic. communication traffic.
QAJ
QAK Is there any risk of collision? There is risk of collision.
Note: This signal should be followed by
appropriate Q signals or ICAO approved
abbreviations giving instructions for avoiding
collision.
QAL Are you going to land at...(place)? I am going to land at...(place)
or or
Has aircraft...landed at...(place)? (You may) land at...(place).
(See also signal QTP.) or
Aircraft...landed at...(place).
(See also signal QTP.)
2A - 1
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QAM What is the latest available Meteorological observation made at...(place)

meteorological observation for...(place)? at...hours was as follows...
Note: The information may be given in Q
Code form or the AERO form of the
International Meteorological Figure Code.
When in Q Code, the information is to be given
in the following sequence of Q signal answer
(or advice) forms: QAN, QBA, QNY, QBB,
QNH and/or QFE and, if necessary QMU,
QNT, QBJ. It is not normally necessary to
precede the QAN, QBA, QNY, and QBB
information by these Q signals but this may be
done if considered desirable. When in the
AERO form of International Meteorological
Figure Code the abbreviation AERO is to
precede the information.
QAN What is the surface wind direction and The surface wind direction and speed
speed at... (place)? at...(place) at...hours is (direction)...(speed
figures and units).
Note: Unless otherwise indicated in the
question, answer (or advise) surface wind
direction is given in degrees relative to
MAGNETIC North.
QAO What is the wind direction in degrees The wind direction and speed (position or
TRUE and speed at...(position or zone/s) zone/s) at the following heights above... (datum
at each of the...(figures) ...(units) levels is:
above... (datum)? ...(vertical distance in figures and units)
...degrees TRUE...(speed in figures and units)
QAP Shall I listen for you (or for...) on...kHz Listen for me (or for...) on... kHz (...MHz).
(or (...MHz))?
Note: If the frequency is given in Note: If the frequency is given in megahertz,
megahertz, the abbreviation MHz is to be the abbreviation MHz is to be used. (See also
used. (See also signal QSX). signal QSX).
QAQ Am I near a prohibited area You are...
(or...prohibited area)? 1) near
2) flying over
a prohibited area (or...prohibited area).
QAR May I stop listening on the watch You may stop listening on the watch frequency
frequency for...minutes? for...minutes
QAS
QAT
QAU I am about to jettison fuel.
QAV
QAW I am about to carry out overshoot procedure.
QAX
QAY Will you advise me when you pass I passed...(place) bearing... degrees relative to
(passed)...(place) bearing 090 (270) my heading at...hours.
degrees relative to your heading?
2A - 2
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QAZ Are you experiencing communication I am experiencing communication difficulties

difficulties through flying in a storm? through flying in a storm
Note: Attention is invited to the possible
supplementary use of signals QAR, QBE, QCS,
QRM, QRN, QRX, QSZ or the signal CL to
amplify the meaning associated with signal
QAZ.
QBA What is the horizontal visibility The horizontal visibility at... (place) at...hours
at...(place)? is... (distance figures and units).
QBB What is the amount, type and height The amount, type and height above official
above official aerodrome elevation of the aerodrome elevation of the base of the cloud
base of the cloud (at...(place)? at... (place) at...hours is:
...eighths (...type)
at...(figures and units)*
height above official aerodrome elevation.
*NOTE: The cloud amount, type (if reported) and vertical distance information is reported in sequence
if several cloud layers are present, the order of reporting being from low to high levels in accordance
with the following cloud layer specifications:
a) the lowest individual layer of any amount;

b) the next higher individual layer the amount of which is three-eighths or more (to the
nearest eighth);
c) the next higher individual layer the amount of which is five-eighths or more (to the
nearest eighth).
EXAMPLE: = QBB CYUL 1300 2 300 FT 3 1500 FT 6 9000 FT =

QBC Report meteorological conditions as The meteorological conditions as observed from
observed from your aircraft at... (position my aircraft at... (position or zone) at...hours
or zone) at...hours at...(figures and units) at...(figures and units) height above...(datum)
height above...(datum). are...
Note: The information may be given in AIREP,
or Q Code form. When given in Q Code, the
following sequence of Q signal QBC answer (or
advice) forms is used: QMX, QNY, QAO, QDF,
QMI, QFT and QNI.
QBD How much fuel have you remaining Fuel remaining is...(hours and/or minutes of
(expressed as hours and/or minutes of consumption).
consumption)?
QBE I am about to wind in my aerial.
QBF Are you flying in cloud? I am flying in cloud at... (figures and units)
height above...(datum) (and I am ascending
(descending) to...(figures and units) height
above that datum).
QBG Are you flying above cloud? I am flying above cloud and at...(figures and
units) height above...(datum)
or
Maintain a vertical distance of...(figures and
units) above cloud, smoke, haze or fog levels.
2A - 3
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QBH Are you flying below cloud? I am flying below cloud and at...(figures and
units) height above...(datum).
or
Maintain a vertical distance of...(figures and
units) below cloud.
QBI Is flight under IFR compulsory Flight under IFR is compulsory at...(place) (or
at...(place) (or from...to...(place))? from...to... (place)).
QBJ What is the amount, type and height At...hours at...(position or zone) the top of the
above...(datum) of the top of the cloud cloud is: amount...eighths (...type) at...(figures
(at... (position or zone))? and units) height above ...(datum).
QBK Are you flying with no cloud in your I am flying with no cloud in my vicinity and
vicinity? at...(figures and units) height above ...(datum).
QBL
QBM Has...sent any message for me? Here is the message sent by...at...hours.
QBN Are you flying between two layers of I am flying between two layers of cloud and
cloud? at...(figures and units) height above ...(datum).
QBO What is the nearest aerodrome at which Flying under VFR is permissible at...(place)
flight under VFR is permissible and which would be suitable for your landing.
which would be suitable for my landing?
QBP Are you flying in and out of cloud? I am flying in and out of cloud and at
...(figures and units) height above ...(datum).
QBQ
QBR
QBS Ascend (or descend) to... (figures and units)
height above...(datum) before encountering
instrument meteorological conditions or if
visibility falls below... (figures and units of
distance) and advise.
QBT How far, along the runway, from the At...hours, the observer at the threshold of
approach end, can the observer at the runway number... could see the runway lights
runway threshold see the runway lights in operation for your landing (at...(place)) for a
which will be in operation for my landing distance of...(figures and units) from the
(at...(place))? approach end.
Note: If the station inquired of is not equipped
to make the special observation requested, the
reply to QBT IMI is given by the signal QNO.
QBU
QBV Have you reached the... (figures and I have reached the...(figures and units) height
units) height above...(datum) (or... (area above...(datum) (or...(area or place)).
or place))? or
Report reaching the...(figures and units)
height above... (datum) (or...(area or place)).
QBW
2A - 4
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QBX Have you left the... (figures and units) I have left the... (figures and units) height
height above...(datum) (or...(area or above...(datum) (or...(area or place)).
place))? or
Report leaving the...(figures and units) height
above... (datum) (or...(area or place)).
QBY
QBZ Report your flying conditions in relation The reply to QBZ IMI is given by the
to clouds. appropriate answer form of signals QBF, QBG,
QBH, QBK, QBN and QBP.
QCA May I change from...(figures and units) You may change from...(figures and units)
to...(figures and units) height to...(figures and units) height above ...(datum).
above...(datum)? or
I am changing from...(figures and units)
to...(figures and units) height above...(datum).
QCB Delay is being caused by...
1) your transmitting out of turn.
2) your slowness in answering.
3) lack of your reply to my...
QCC
QCD
QCE When may I expect approach clearance? Expect approach clearance at...hours.
or
No delay expected.
QCF Delay indefinite. Expect approach clearance
not later than...hours.
QCG
QCH May I taxi to...(place)? Cleared to taxi to...(place). (the place is given
in plain language).
QCI Make a 360-degree turn immediately (turning
to the...).
or
I am making a 360-degree turn immediately
(turning to the...).
QCJ
QCK
QCL
QCM
QCN
QCO
QCP
QCQ
QCR
QCS My reception on...frequency has broken down.
QCT
QCU
2A - 5
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QCV
QCW
QCX What is your full call sign? My full call sign is...
or
Use your full call sign until further notice.
QCY I am working on trailing aerial.
or
Work on trailing aerial.
QCZ
QDA
QDB Have you sent message...to...? I have sent message...to...
QDC
QDD
QDE
QDF What is your D-Value at...(position)? My D-Value at...(position) at... (figures and
units) height above the 1013.2 millibars datum
is...(D-Value figures and units)... *(specify plus
or minus).
or or
What is the D-Value at... (place or The D-Value at...(place or position) at hours for
position) at...hours) for the...millibar the...millibar level is...(D-Value figures and
level? units...*(specify plus or minus).
Note: When the true altitude (radio altitude)
is greater than the pressure altitude PS (plus)
is used and when it is less MS (minus) is used.
QDG
QDH
QDI
QDJ
QDK
QDL Do you intend to ask me for a series of I intend to ask you for a series of bearings.
bearings?
QDM Will you indicate the MAGNETIC The MAGNETIC heading for you to steer to
heading for me to steer towards you (or...) reach me (or...) with no wind was...degrees
with no wind? (at...hours).
QDN
QDO
QDP Will you accept control (or responsibility) I will accept control (or responsibility) of
of (for)... now (or at ...hours)? (for)...now (or at...hours).
QDQ
QDR What is my MAGNETIC bearing from Your MAGNETIC bearing from me (or from...)
you (or from...)? was...degrees (at... hours).
QDS
QDT Are you flying in visual meteorological I am flying in visual meteorological conditions.
conditions? or
Fly at all times in visual meteorological
conditions.
2A - 6
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QDU Cancel my IFR flight plan.

QDV Are you flying in a horizontal visibility of I am flying in a horizontal visibility of less
less than... (figures and units)? than... (figures and units) at... (figures and
units) height above...(datum).
QDW
QDX
QDY
QDZ
QEA May I cross the runway ahead of you? You may cross the runway ahead of me.
QEB May I turn at the intersection? Taxi as follows at the intersection...
(straight ahead DRT
turn left LEFT
turn right RITE)
QEC May I make a 180-degree turn and return You may make a 180-degree turn and return
down the runway? down the runway.
QED Shall I follow the pilot vehicle? Follow the pilot vehicle.
QEE
QEF Have I reached my parking area? You have reached your parking area.
or or
Have you reached your parking area? I have reached my parking area.
QEG May I leave the parking area? You may leave the parking area.
or or
Have you left the parking area? I have left the parking area.
QEH May I move to the holding position for Cleared to the holding position for runway
runway number...? number...
or or
Have you moved to the holding position I have moved to the holding position for
for runway number…? runway number...
QEI
QEJ May I assume position for take-off? Cleared to hold at take-off position for runway
number...
or or
Have you assumed position for take-off? I am assuming take-off position for runway
number...and am holding.
QEK Are you ready for immediate take-off? I am ready for immediate take-off.
QEL May I take-off (and make a... hand turn You are cleared to take-off (turn as follows
after take-off)? after take-off...).
QEM What is the condition of the landing The condition of the landing surface at...(place)
surface at...(place)? is...
Note: The information is given by sending
appropriate NOTAM Code groups.
QEN Shall I hold my position? Hold your position.
QEO Shall I clear the runway (or landing Clear the runway (or landing area).
area)?
or or
Have you cleared the runway(or landing I have cleared the runway (or landing area).
area)?
QEP
QEQ
2A - 7
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QER
QES Is a right-hand circuit in force A right-hand circuit is in force at...(place).
at...(place)?
QET
QEU
QEV
QEW
QEX
QEY
QEZ
QFA What is the meteorological forecast The meteorological forecast for...(flight, route,
for...(flight, route, section of route or section of route or zone) for the period...hours
zone) for the period...hours until ...hours? until hours….is…
Note: When the forecast is given in Q Code
the following sequence of Q signal answer (or
advice) forms is to be given: QAO, QMX, QMI,
QNY, QBA, QMW, QFT and QNI.
QFB The...
1) approach
2) runway
3) approach and runway
lights are out of order.
QFC What is the amount, the type and the At...(place, position or zone) the base of the
height above...(datum) of the base of the cloud is... eighths...type at...(figures and units)
cloud at...(place, position or zone)? height above... (datum).
Note: If several cloud layers or masses are
present, the lowest is reported first.
QFD 1) Is the...visual beacon(at...(place)) in 1) The...visual beacon (at... (place)) is in
operation? operation.
2) Will you switch on the... visual beacon 2) I will switch on the... visual beacon
(at...(place))? (at...(place)).
3) Will you extinguish the aerodrome 3) I will extinguish the aerodrome visual
visual beacon (at...(place)) until I have beacon (at... (place)) until your landing is
landed? completed.
QFE (At...(place)) what is the present At...(place) the atmospheric pressure at official
atmospheric pressure at official aerodrome elevation is (or was observed
aerodrome elevation? at...hours to be) ...millibars.
QFF (At...(place)) what is the present At...(place) the atmospheric pressure converted
atmospheric pressure converted to mean to mean sea level in accordance with
sea level in accordance with meteorological practice is (or was determined
meteorological practice? at...hours to be) ...millibars.
QFG Am I overhead? You are overhead.
QFH May I descend below the clouds? You may descend below the clouds.
QFI Are the aerodrome lights lit? The aerodrome lights are lit.
or
Please light the aerodrome lights.
QFJ
QFK
QFL
2A - 8
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QFM What height above..(datum)... 1) Maintain (or fly at)... (figures and units)
1) should I maintain? height above...(datum).
2) I am maintaining...(figures and units)
2) are you maintaining? height above ...(datum).
3) I intend cruising at... (figures and units)
3) do you intend cruising at? height above...(datum).
QFN
QFO May I land immediately? You may land immediately.
QFP Will you give me the latest information The latest information concerning...facility
concerning... facility (at...(place))? (at... (place)) is as follows...
Note: The information is given by sending
appropriate NOTAM Code groups.
QFQ Are the approach and runway lights lit? The approach and runway lights are lit.
or
Please light the approach and runway lights.
QFR Does my landing gear appear damaged? Your landing gear appears damaged.
QFS Is the...radio facility at...(place) in The...radio facility at...(place) is in operation
operation? (or will be in operation in...hours).
or
Please have the...radio facility at...(place) put
in operation.
QFT Between what heights above...(datum) Ice formation has been observed at
has ice formation been observed ...(position or zone) in the type of...and with an
(at...(position or zone))? accretion rate of...between...(figures and units)
and...(figures and units) heights
above...(datum).
QFU What is the magnetic direction (or The magnetic direction (or number) of the
number) of the runway to be used? runway to be used is...
Note: The runway number is indicated by a
two-figure group and the magnetic direction by
a three-figure group.
QFV Are the floodlights switched on? The floodlights are switched on.
or
Please switch on the floodlights.
QFW What is the length of the runway in use The length of runway...now in use is...(figures
in...(units)? and units).
QFX I am working (or am going to work) on a fixed
aerial.
or
Work on a fixed aerial.
QFY Please report the present meteorological The present meteorological landing conditions
landing conditions (at...(place)). at...(place) are...
Note: When given in Q Code the information is
sent in the following sequence: QAN, QBA,
QNY, QBB, QNH, and/or QFE and, if
necessary, QMU, QNT, QBJ. It is not
normally necessary to precede the QAN, QBA,
QNY and QBB information by these Q signals
but this may be done if considered desirable.
2A - 9
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QFZ What is the aerodrome meteorological The aerodrome meteorological forecast

forecast for...(place) for the period...hours for...(place) for the period...hours until...hours
until...hours? is...
Note: When given in Q Code the following
sequence of Q signal answer (or advice) forms
is to be used: QAN, QBA, QNY, QBB and, if
necessary, QMU, QNT and QBJ.
QGA
QGB
QGC There are obstructions to the... of runway...
QGD Are there on my track any obstructions There are obstructions on your track ...(figures
whose elevation equals or exceeds my and units) height above...(datum).
altitude?
QGE What is my distance to your station (or Your distance to my station (or to...)
to...)? is...(distance figures and units).
Note: This signal is normally used in
conjunction with one of the signals QDM,
QDR, QTE or QUJ.
QGF
QGG
QGH May I land using... (procedure or You may land using...(procedure or facility).
facility)?
QGI
QGJ
QGK What track should I make good? Make good a track from...(place) on ...degrees
...(true or magnetic).
or or
What track are you making good? I am making good a track from...(place) on...
degrees... (true or magnetic).
QGL May I enter the...(control area or zone) You may enter the...(control area or zone)
at… (place)? at...(place).
QGM Leave the...(control area or zone).
QGN May I be cleared to land (at...(place)? You are cleared to land (at... (place).
QGO Landing is prohibited at... (place).
QGP What is my number for landing? You are number...to land.
QGQ May I hold at...(place)? Hold at...(place) at...(figures and units) height
above... (datum) and await orders.
QGR
QGS
QGT Fly for...minutes on a heading that will enable
you to maintain a track reciprocal to your
present one.
QGU Fly for...minutes on a magnetic heading
of...degrees.
QGV Do you see me? I see you at...(cardinal or quadrantal point of
or direction). or
Can you see the aerodrome? I can see the aerodrome
or or
Can you see...(aircraft)? I see...(aircraft).
2A - 10
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QGW Does my landing gear appear to be down Your landing gear appears to be down and in
and in place? place.
QGY
QGZ Hold on...direction of... facility.
QHA
QHB
QHC
QHD
QHE Will you inform me when you are on...leg I am on...
of approach? 1) cross-wind leg
2) down-wind leg of approach.
3) base leg
4) final leg
QHF
QHG May I enter traffic circuit at...(figures Cleared to enter traffic circuit at...(figures and
and units) height above...(datum)? units) height above...(datum).
QHH Are you making an emergency landing? I am making an emergency landing.
or
Emergency landing being made at...(place).
All aircraft below...(figures and units) height
above...(datum) and within a distance of...
(figures and units) leave...(place or headings)
QHI Are you (or is...)... I am (or...is)...at…hours.
1) waterborne? 1) waterborne
2) on land? 2) on land
QHJ
QHK
QHL
QHM
QHN
QHO
QHP
QHQ May I make a...approach (at...(place))? You may make a...approach (at... (place)).
or or
Are you making a... approach? I am making a...approach.
QHR
QHS
QHT
QHU
QHV
QHW
QHX
QHY
QHZ Shall I circle the aerodrome (or go Circle the aerodrome (or go around).
around)?
QIA
QIB
2A - 11
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QIC May I establish communication with Establish communication with...radio station

...radio station on...kHz. (or...MHz.) now on...kHz. (or...MHz.) now (or at...hours).
(or at...hours)? or
I will establish communication with ...radio
station on...kHz (or..MHz) now (or at...hours)
QID
QIE
QIF What frequency is...using? ...is using...kHz. (or...MHz).
QIG
QIH
QII
QIJ
QIK
QIL
QIM
QIN
QIO
QIP
QIQ
QIR
QIS
QIT
QIU
QIV
QIW
QIX
QIY
QIZ
QJA Is my... Your...
1) tape) 1) tape)
2) mark and space) reversed? 2) mark and space) is reversed.
QJB Will you use... I will use...
1) radio? 1) radio.
2) cable? 2) cable.
3) telegraph? 3) telegraph.
4) teletypewriter? 4) teletypewriter.
5) telephone? 5) telephone.
6) receiver? 6) receiver.
7) transmitter? 7) transmitter.
8) reperforator? 8) reperforator.
QJC Will you check your... I will check my...
1) transmitter distributor? 1) transmitter distributor.
2) auto-head? 2) auto-head.
3) perforator? 3) perforator.
5) printer? 5) printer.
6) printer motor? 6) printer motor.
7) keyboard? 7) keyboard.
8) antenna system? 8) antenna system.
2A - 12
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QJD Am I transmitting... You are transmitting...

1) in letters? 1) in letters.
2) in figures? 2) in figures.
QJE Is my frequency shift... Your frequency shift is...
1) too wide? 1) too wide.
2) too narrow? 2) too narrow (by...Hz).
3) correct? 3) correct.
QJF My signal as checked by monitor...is
satisfactory...
1) locally.
2) as radiated.
QJG Shall I revert to automatic relay? Revert to automatic relay.
QJH Shall I run... Run...
1) my test tape? 1) your test tape.
2) a test sentence? 2) a test sentence.
QJI Will you transmit a continuous... I am transmitting a continuous...
1) mark? 1) mark.
2) space? 2) space.
QJJ
QJK Are you receiving... I am receiving...
1) a continuous mark? 1) a continuous mark.
2) a continuous space? 2) a continuous space.
3) a mark bias? 3) a mark bias.
4) a space bias? 4) a space bias.
QJL
QJM
QJN
QJO
QJP
QJQ
QJR
QJS
QJT
QJU
QJV
QJW
QJX
QJY
QJZ
QKA
QKB
QKC The sea conditions (at...position)....
1) permit alighting but not take-off.
2) render alighting extremely hazardous.
QKD
QKE
2A - 13
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QKF May I be relieved (at... hours)? You may expect to be relieved at...hours by...1)
aircraft... (identification) (type...). 2) vessel
whose call sign is... (call sign) (and/or whose
name (is...(name)).
QKG Will relief take place when Relief will take place when... (identification)
...(identification) establishes... establishes...
1) visual, 1) visual,
2) communications, contact with 2) communications, contact with survivors.
survivors?
QKH Report details of the parallel sweep
(track) search being (or to be) conducted?
or
In the parallel sweep (track search being
(or to be) conducted, what is (are). The parallel sweep (track) search is being (or
1) the direction of sweeps, to be) conducted...
1) with direction of sweeps...degrees... (true or
2) the separation between magnetic).
2) with...(distance figures sweeps, and units)
3) the height above the datum, employed separation between sweeps.
in the search pattern? 3) at a height of... (figures) above... (datum).
QKI
QKJ
QKK
QKL
QKM
QKN Aircraft plotted (believed to be you) in
position...on track....degrees at...hours.
QKO What other units are (or will be) taking In the operation (...(identification)) the
part in the operation (...(identification of following units are (or will be) taking
operation))? part...(name of units).
or
...(name) unit is taking part in operation (...
(identification)) (with effect from... hours).
QKP Which pattern of search is being The search pattern is...
followed? 1) parallel sweep.
2) square search.
3) creeping line ahead.
4) track crawl.
5) contour search.
6) combined search by aircraft and ship.
7) ...(specify).
QKQ
QKR
QKS
QKT
QKU
QKV
QKW
2A - 14
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QKX
QKY
QKZ
QLA
QLB Will you monitor...station and report I have monitored...station and report (briefly)
regarding range, quality, etc.? as follows...
QLC
QLD
QLE
QLF
QLG
QLH Will you use simultaneous keying I will now key simultaneously on...frequency
on...frequency and...frequency? and...frequency.
QLI
QLJ
QLK
QLL
QLM
QLN
QLO
QLP
QLQ
QLR
QLS
QLT
QLU
QLV Is the...radio facility still required? The...radio facility is still required.
QLW
QLX
QLY
QLZ
QMA
QMB
QMC
QMD
QME
QMF
QMG
QMH Shift to transmit and receive on ...kHz (or
MHz); if communication is not established
within 5 minutes, revert to present frequency.
2A - 15
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QMI Report the vertical distribution of cloud The vertical distribution of cloud as observed
(at ...(position or zone)) as observed from from my aircraft at...hours at... (position or
your aircraft. zone) is: lowest layer Observed *...eighths
(...type) with base of...(figures and units) and
tops of...(figures and units) (*and similarly in
sequence for each of the layers observed.)
height above...(datum).
Example: = QMI 1400 11 2 CU 1000 FT 2500
FT 6 SC 6000 FT 10000 FT 5 AC 13000 FT
14000 FT ALT =
QMJ
QMK
QML
QMM
QMN
QMO
QMP
QMQ
QMR
QMS
QMT
QMU What is the surface temperature The surface temperature at...(place) at ...
at...(place) and what is the dew point hours is...degrees and the dew point
temperature at that place? temperature at that time and place
is...degrees.
QMV
QMW At...(position or zone) what is (are) the At...(position or zone) the zero Celsius
height(s) above...(datum) of the zero isotherm(s) is (are) at...(figures and units)
Celsius isotherm(s)? height(s) above ...(datum).
QMX What is the air temperature (at... At...(position or zone) at... hours the air
(position or zone)) (at...hours) at the... temperature is...(degrees and units) at...
(figures and units) height above... (figures and units) height above...(datum).
(datum)? Note: Aircraft reporting QMX information will
transmit the temperature figures as corrected
for airspeed.
QMY
QMZ Have you any amendments to the flight The following amendment(s) should be made to
forecast in respect of section of route yet the flight forecast... (If no amendments, signal
to be traversed? QMZ NIL.)
QNA
QNB
QNC
QND
QNE What indication will my altimeter give on On landing at...(place) at... hours, with your
landing at...(place) at...hours, my sub-scale being set to 1013.2 millibars (29.92
sub-scale being set to1013.2 millibars inches), your altimeter will indicate...(figures
(29.925 inches)? and units).
QNF
QNG
2A - 16
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QNH What should I set on the sub-scale of my If you set the sub-scale of your altimeter to
altimeter so that the instrument would read...millibars (or hundredths of a inch*), the
indicate my elevation if I were on the instrument would indicate your elevation if
ground at your station? you were on the ground at my station
at...hours.
Note: When the setting is given in
hundredths of an inch the abbreviation "INS"
is used to identify the units.
QNI Between what heights above...(datum) Turbulence has been observed at...(position or
has turbulence been observed zone) with an intensity of...between ...(figures
at...(position or zone)? and units) and...(figures and units) heights
above...(datum).
QNJ
QNK
QNL
QNM
QNN
QNO I am not equipped to give the information (or
provide the facility) requested.
QNP
QNQ
QNR I am approaching my point of no return.
QNS
QNT What is the maximum gust speed of the The maximum gust speed of the surface wind
surface wind at...(place)? at...(place) at... hours is...(speed figures and
units).
QNU
QNV
QNW
QNX
QNY What is the present weather and the The present weather and intensity thereof
intensity thereof at...(place, position or at...(place, position or zone) at...hours is... (See
zone)? Notes a) and b)).
Notes:
a) When present weather information is
transmitted by a ground station, the
information shall be selected from the present
weather table (Table III) in PANSMET (Doc
7605- MET/526). If none of these conditions
prevail the reply shall be QNY NIL.
2A - 17
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QNY b) When present weather information is

(Cont’d) transmitted by an aircraft, the information
shall be selected from Item 11, AIREP. If none
of these conditions prevail the reply shall be
QNY NIL or alternatively the appropriate
answer (or advice) form of signals QBF, QBG,
QBH, QBK, QBN or QBP. The alter-native
may also be given in addition to present
weather conditions when one or more of the
conditions listed in Item 11 prevail.
QNZ
QOA Can you communicate by radiotelegraphy I can communicate by radiotelegraphy (500
(500 kHz)? kHz). (MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOB Can you communicate by radiotelephony I can communicate by radiotelephony (2182
(2182 kHz)? kHz). (MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOC Can you communicate by I can communicate by radiotelephony (channel
radiotelephony(channel 16 - frequency 16 - frequency 156.80 MHz).
156.80 MHz)? (MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOD Can you communicate with me in... I can communicate with you in...
0. Dutch 5. Italian 0. Dutch 5. Italian
1. English 6. Japanese 1. English 6. Japanese
2. French 7. Norwegian 2. French 7. Norwegian
3. German 8. Russian 3. German 8. Russian
4. Greek 9. Spanish? 4. Greek 9. Spanish
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOE Have you received the safety signal sent I have received the safety signal sent
by...(name and/or call sign)? by...(name and/or call sign).
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOF What is the commercial quality of my The quality of your signals is...
signals? 1) not commercial
2) marginally commercial
3) commercial
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOG How many tapes have you to send? I have...tapes to send.
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOH Shall I send a phasing signal Send a phasing signal for...seconds.
for...seconds? (MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOI Shall I send my tape? Send your tape.
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOJ Will you listen on... kHz (or MHz) for I am listening on...kHz (or MHz) for signals of
signals of emergency position- indicating emergency position-indicating radio beacon.
radio beacon? (MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOK Have you received the signals of an I have received the signals of an emergency
emergency position-indicating radio position- indicating radio beacon on ...kHz (or
beacon on...kHz(or MHz)? MHz). (MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOL Is your vessel fitted for reception of My vessel is fitted for the reception of selective
selective calls? If so, what is your calls. My selective call number or signal
selective call number or signal? is...(MARITIME USE ONLY)
2A - 18
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QOM On what frequencies can your vessel be My vessel can be reached by a selective call on
reached by a selective call? the following Frequency(ies)... (periods of time
to be added is necessary).
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
QON to The series QON to QOS inclusive is reserved for the Maritime Services.
QOS
QOT Do you hear my call; what is the I hear your call; the approximate delay is ...
approximate delay in minutes before we minutes.
may exchange traffic? (MARITIME USE ONLY)
QOU to The series QOU to QQZ inclusive is reserved for the Maritime Services
QQZ
QRA What is the name of your station? The name of my station is...
QRB How far approximately are you from my The approximate distance between our stations
station? is...nautical miles (or...kilometers).
QRC By what private enterprise (or State The accounts for charges of my station are
administration) are accounts for charges settled by the private enterprise...(or State
for your station settled? administration).
QRD Where are you bound and where are you I am bound for...from...
from?
QRE What is your estimated time of arrival My estimated time of arrival at...(or over...)
at... (or over...) (place)? (place) is...hours.
QRF Are you returning to... (place)? I am returning to...(place).
or
Return to...(place).
QRG Will you tell me my exact frequency (or Your exact frequency (or that of...) is...kHz (or
that of...)? MHz).
QRH Does my frequency vary? Your frequency varies.
QRI How is the tone of my transmission? The tone of your transmission is...
1) good.
2) variable.
3) bad.
QRJ How many radiotelephone calls have you I have...radiotelephone calls to book.
to book?
QRK What is the intelligibility of my signals The intelligibility of your signals (or those of...)
(or those of...)? is...
1) bad.
2) poor.
3) fair.
4) good.
5) excellent.
QRL Are you busy? I am busy (or I am busy with...). Please do not
interfere.
QRM Are you being interfered with? I am being interfered with
1) nil
2) slightly
3) moderately
4) severely
5) extremely.
2A - 19
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QRN Are you troubled by static? I am troubled by static

1) nil
2) slightly
3) moderately
4) severely
5) extremely.
QRO Shall I increase transmitter power? Increase transmitter power.
QRP Shall I decrease transmitter power? Decrease transmitter power.
QRQ Shall I send faster? Send faster (...words per minute).
QRR Are you ready for automatic operation? I am ready for automatic operation. Send
at...words per minute.
QRS Shall I send more slowly? Send more slowly (...words per minute).
QRT Shall I stop sending? Stop sending.
QRU Have you anything for me? I have nothing for you.
QRV Are you ready? I am ready.
QRW Shall I inform...that you are calling him Please inform...that I am calling him on...kHz
on...kHz(or MHz). (or MHz).
QRX When will you call me again? I will call you again at...hours (on...kHz (or
MHz).
QRY What is my turn? Your turn is number...(or according to any
(Relates to communication.) other indication). (Relates to communication)
QRZ Who is calling me? You are being called by...(on... kHz (or MHz).
QSA What is the strength of my signals (or The strength of your signals (or those of...) is...
those of...)? 1) scarcely perceptible.
2) weak.
3) fairly good.
4) good.
5) very good.
QSB Are my signals fading? Your signals are fading.
QSC Are you a cargo vessel? I am a cargo vessel.
QSD Is my keying defective? Your keying is defective.
QSE What is the estimated drift of the The estimated drift of the survival craft
survival craft? is...(figures and units).
QSF Have you effected rescue? I have effected rescue and am proceeding
to...base (with... persons injured requiring
ambulance).
QSG Shall I send...telegrams at a time? Send...telegrams at a time.
QSH Are you able to home on your D/F I am able to home on my D/F equipment (on
equipment? station...).
QSI I have been unable to break in on your
transmission.
or
Will you inform...(call sign) that I have been
unable to break in on his transmission
(on...kHz. (or...MHz)).
QSJ What is the charge to be collected The charge to be collected to... including my
to...including your internal telegraph internal telegraph charge is...francs.
charge?
2A - 20
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QSK Can you hear me between your signals I can hear you between my signals; break in
and if so can I break in on your on my transmission.
transmission?
QSL Can you acknowledge receipt? I am acknowledging receipt
QSM Shall I repeat the last telegram which I Repeat the last telegram which you sent me
sent you(or some previous telegram)? (or telegram(s) number(s)...).
QSN Did you hear me (or... (call sign)) on... I did hear you (or...(call sign)) on...kHz (or
kHz (or MHz)? MHz).
QSO Can you communicate with... direct or by I can communicate with...direct(or by relay
relay? through...).
QSP Will you relay to...free of charge? I will relay to...free of charge.
QSQ Have you a doctor on board (or is...(name I have a doctor on board (or... (name of person)
of person) on board)? is on board).
QSR Shall I repeat the call on the calling Repeat your call on the calling frequency; did
frequency? not hear you (or have interference).
QSS What working frequency will you use? I will use the working frequency...kHz
(normally only the last three figures of the
frequency need be given).
QST
QSU Shall I send or reply on this frequency (or Send or reply on this frequency(or on...kHz (or
on... kHz (or MHz)) (with emissions of MHz)) (with emissions of class...).
class...)?
QSV Shall I send a series of V's on this Send a series of V's on this frequency (or
frequency (or...kHz (or MHz))? on...kHz (or MHz)).
QSW Will you send on this frequency (or I am going to send on this frequency (or
on...kHz (or MHz)) (with emissions of on...kHz (or MHz)) (with emissions of class...).
class...)?
QSX Will you listen to...(call sign(s)) on...kHz I am listening to...(call sign(s)) on...kHz (or
(or MHz)? MHz).
QSY Shall I change to transmission on Change to transmission on another frequency
another frequency? (or on...kHz (or MHz)).
QSZ Shall I send each word or group more Send each word or group twice(or...times).
than once?
QTA Shall I cancel telegram number...? Cancel telegram number...
QTB Do you agree with my counting of words? I do not agree with your counting of words; I
will repeat the first letter or digit of each word
or group.
QTC How many telegrams have you to send? I have...telegrams for you (or for...).
QTD What has the rescue vessel or rescue ...(identification) has recovered…
aircraft recovered? 1) ...(number) survivors.
2) ...wreckage.
3) ...(number) bodies.
QTE What is my TRUE bearing from you? Your TRUE bearing from me is...
degrees (at...hours). or
or Your TRUE bearing from...(call sign) was
What is my TRUE bearing from... (call ...degrees (at...hours).
sign)? or or
What is the TRUE bearing of...(call sign) The TRUE bearing of...(call sign) from...(call
from...(call sign)? sign) was...degrees at...hours.
2A - 21
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QTF Will you give me the position of my The position of your station according to the
station according to the bearings taken bearings taken by the D/F stations which I
by the D/F stations which you control? control was... latitude... longitude (or other
indication of position), class...at...hours.
QTG Will you send two dashes of ten seconds I am going to send two dashes of ten seconds
each followed by your call sign each followed by my call sign (repeated
(repeated...times) (on...kHz (or MHz))? ...times) (on...kHz (or MHz)).
or or
Will you request...to send two dashes of I have requested...to send two dashes of ten
ten seconds followed by his call sign seconds followed by his call sign (repeated...
(repeated...times) on... kHz (or MHz)? times) on...kHz (or MHz).
QTH What is your position in latitude and My position is...latitude longitude (or according
longitude (or... according to any other to any other indication).
indication)?
QTI What is your TRUE track? My TRUE track is...degrees.
QTJ What is your speed? My speed is...knots (or... kilometers
(Requests the speed of a ship or aircraft or...statute miles per hour). (Indicates the
through aircraft through the water or air speed of a ship or the water or air
respectively.) respectively.)
QTK What is the speed of your aircraft in The speed of my aircraft in relation to the
relation to the surface of the earth? surface of the earth is...knots (or...kilometers
or...statute miles per hour).
QTL What is your TRUE heading? My TRUE heading is...degrees.
QTM What is your MAGNETIC heading? My MAGNETIC heading is...degrees.
QTN At what time did you depart I departed from...(place) at...hours.
from...(place)?
QTO Are you airborne? I am airborne.
or or
Have you left dock (or port)? I have left dock (or port).
QTP Are you going to alight (or land)? I am going to alight (or land).
or or
Are you going to enter dock (or port)? I am going to enter dock (or port).
QTQ Can you communicate with my station by I am going to communicate with your station
means of the international code of by means of the international code of signals.
signals?
QTR What is the correct time? The correct time is...hours.
QTS Will you send your call sign for tuning I will send my call sign for tuning purposes or
purposes or so that your frequency can be so that my frequency may be measured now
measured now (or at...hours) on...kHz (or (or at...hours) on...kHz (or MHz).
MHz)?
QTT The identification signal which follows is
superimposed on another transmission.
QTU What are the hours during which your My station is open from... to...hours.
station is open?
QTV Shall I stand guard for you on the Stand guard for me on the frequency of...kHz
frequency of...kHz(or MHz) (or MHz) (from...to...hours).
(from...to...hours)?
QTW What is the condition of survivors? Survivors are in...condition and urgently
need...
2A - 22
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QTX Will you keep your station open for I will keep my station open for further
further communication with me until communication with you until further notice
further notice (or until...hours)? (or until... hours).
QTY Are you proceeding to the position of I am proceeding to the position of incident and
incident and if so when do you expect to expect to arrive at...hours (on...date).
arrive?
QTZ Are you continuing the search? I am continuing the search for.. (aircraft, ship,
survival craft,. survivors or wreckage).
QUA Have you news of... (call sign)? Here is news of...(call sign).
QUB Can you give me in the following order Here is the information requested (The units
information concerning: the direction.... used for speed and distances should be
in degrees TRUE and speed of the surface indicated.)
wind; visibility; present weather; and
amount, type and height of base of cloud
above surface elevation at...(place of
observation)?
QUC What is the number (or other indication) The number (or other indication) of the last
of the last message you received from message I received from you (or from... (call
me(or from...(call sign))? sign)) is...
QUD Have you received the urgency signal I have received the urgency signal sent
sent by... (call sign of mobile station)? by...(call sign of mobile station) at...hours.
QUE Can you use telephony in... (language), I can use telephony in... (language) on...kHz
with interpreter if necessary; if so, on (or MHz).
what frequencies?
QUF Have you received the distress signal sent I have received the distress signal sent
by... (call sign of mobile station)? by...(call sign of mobile station) at...hours.
QUG Will you be forced to alight(or land)? I am forced to alight (or land) immediately.
or
I will be forced to alight (or land) at... (position
or place) at...hours.
QUH Will you give me the present barometric The present barometric pressure at sea level
pressure at sea level? Aeronautical Note: is...(units). Aeronautical Note: Stations of the
Stations of the international aeronautical international aeronautical telecommunication
telecommunication service will interpret service will interpret this signal as: The
this signal as: What is the present present atmospheric pressure at the present
atmospheric pressure at the present water level at... (place or position) at...hours
water level? is...(figures and units).
QUI Are your navigation lights working? My navigation lights are working.
QUJ Will you indicate the TRUE track to The TRUE track to reach me (or...) is...degrees
reach you (or...)? at...hours.
QUK Can you tell me the condition of the sea The sea at...(place or coordinates) is...
observed at... (place or coordinates)?
Aeronautical Note: Stations of the international aeronautical telecommunication service will complete
the answer, information or advice form by the use of a numbered alternative as given hereunder,
selected according to the average wave height as obtained from the larger well formed waves of the wave
system being observed. If observed height coincides with one of the limits, report the lower numbered
alternative, e.g. waves with a mean maximum height of 4 meters are to be reported as "5".
2A - 23
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
Number Height
Meters Feet (approx.)
0 Calm-glassy 0 0
1 Calm- rippled 0 - 0.1 0 - 1/3
2 Smooth Wavelets 0.1 - 0.5 1/3 - 1 2/3
3 Slight 0.5 - 1.25 1 2/3 - 4
4 Moderate 1.25 - 2.5 4-8
5 Rough 2.5 - 4 8 - 13
6 Very Rough 4-6 13 - 20
7 High 6-9 20 - 30
8 Very High 9 - 14 30 - 45
9 Phenomenal Over 14 Over 45
QUL Can you tell me the swell observed The swell at...(place or coordinates) is...
at...(place or coordinates)?
the answer, information or advice form by the use of the following numbered alternatives:
Number Length of Swell Height Number Length of Swell Height

0 - - 5 Long Moderate
1 Short or Average Low 6 Short Heavy
2 Long Low 7 Average Heavy
3 Short Moderate 8 Long Heavy
4 Average Moderate 9 Confused -
Additionally, stations of the international aeronautical telecommunication service may indicate the
direction of swell by the use of the appropriate cardinal or quandrantal point abbreviation N, NE, E, SE,
etc. following the numbered alternate for indicating swell condition. The descriptions in the above
numbered alternatives are as follows:
Length of Swell
Meters Feet (Approx.)
Short 0 - 100 0- 300
Average 100 - 200 300 - 600
Long Over 200 Over 600
Height of Swell
Meters Feet (Approx.)
Low 0-2 0-7
Moderate 2-4 7 - 13
Heavy Over 4 Over 13
When there is no swell, the numbered alternative "0" is used; when the swell is such that the length
and height of the swell waves cannot be determined, the numbered alternative "9" is used.
2A - 24
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QUM May I resume normal working? Normal working may be resumed.

QUN Will vessels in my immediate vicinity (or My position, TRUE course and speed are...
in the vicinity of...latitude ...longitude(or
of...)) please indicate their position, TRUE
course and speed?
Aeronautical Notes: Aeronautical Notes:
a) All stations of the international a) All stations of the international aeronautical
aeronautical telecommunication service telecommunication service will interpret this
will interpret this signal (in part) as signal (in part) as referring to TRUE TRACK.
referring to TRUE TRACK. b) English-speaking stations of the maritime
b) English-speaking stations of the mobile service may interpret this signal (in
maritime mobile service may interpret part) as referring TRUE HEADING. When
this signal (in part) as referring to TRUE communicating with such stations it is
HEADING. When communicating with recommended that supplementary use be made
such stations it is recommended that that of the signal QTI to avoid any
supplementary use be made of the signal misunderstanding.
QTI to avoid any misunderstanding.
QUO Shall I search for... Please search for...
1) aircraft, 1) aircraft,
2) ship, 2) ship,
3) survival craft, 3) survival craft,
in the vicinity of... latitude...longitude (or in the vicinity of...latitude... longitude (or
according to any other indication)? according to any other indication).
QUP Will you indicate your position by... My position is indicated by...
1) searchlight? 1) searchlight.
2) black smoke trail? 2) black smoke trail.
3) pyrotechnic lights? 3) pyrotechnic lights.
QUQ Shall I train my searchlight nearly Please train your searchlight on a cloud,
vertical on a cloud, occulting if possible occulting if possible and, if my aircraft is seen
and, if your aircraft is seen or heard, or heard, deflect the beam up wind and on the
deflect the beam up wind and on the water (or land) to facilitate my landing.
water (or land) to facilitate your landing?
QUR Have survivors... Survivors...
1) received survival equipment? 1) are in possession of survival equipment
dropped by...
2) been picked up by rescue vessel 2) have been picked up by rescue vessel.
3) been reached by ground rescue party? 3) have been reached by ground rescue party.
QUS Have you sighted survivors or wreckage? Have sighted...
If so, in what position? 1) survivors in water,
2) survivors on rafts,
3) wreckage, in position... latitude... longitude
(or according to any other indication).
2A - 25
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
QUT Is position of incident marked? Position of incident is marked by...

1) flame or smoke float.
2) sea marker.
3) sea marker dye.
4) ...(specify other marking).
QUU Shall I home ship or aircraft to my Home ship or aircraft...(call sign) ...
position? 1) to your position by transmitting your call
sign and long dashes on...kHz (or MHz).
2) by transmitting on...kHz (or MHz) TRUE
track to reach you.
QUV
QUW Are you in the search area designated I am in the...(designation) search area.
as...(designator or latitude and
longitude)?
QUX Do you have any navigational warning or I have the following navigational warning(s) or
gale warnings in force? gale warning(s) in force...
QUY Is position of survival craft marked? Position of survival craft was marked
at...hours by...
1) flame or smoke float
2) sea marker
3) sea marker dye
QUZ May I resume restricted working? Distress phase still in force; restricted working
may be resumed.
QVA-QZZ The series QVA to QZZ inclusive has not been allocated to date.
2A - 26
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
SECTION B - Z SIGNALS
ZAA You are not observing proper circuit discipline.

ZAB Your speed key is improperly adjusted.
ZAC Cease using speed key.
ZAD Your operating signal (made at...) received
as...(1. Not understood; 2. Not held).
ZAE I am unable to receive you. Receipt through..
ZAF Will you patch me through to... (via you I am about to patch you through to...(via...).
or...)?
ZAG Break...(1. Go ahead with next tape; 2. Go
back...feet; 3. Advance your key tape to
reference mark number and repeat last
transmission (or transmission...).
ZAH Unable to relay message...in present form
(1. Not in prescribed format; 2. Format
lines...incorrect; 3. No on-line facility
available; 4. Call signs not encrypted; 5. Text
not encrypted). We file. Transmit correctly
prepared message to all addressees (or to...).
ZAI Run...(1. Caller; 2. Test tape;
3. Synchronizing tape; 4. Traffic tape;
5. Marking signals; 6. Spacing signals;
7. Reversals; 8. Run teletypewriter space bar
signals; 9. Date1 test at....bd).
ZAJ I have (or...has) been unable to break you.
ZAK Transmission on...kHz (or MHz) suspended
until...(or was suspended at...) on account of
electrical hazards (or...)
ZAL I am closing down (until...) due to....
ZAM I am unable to obtain reply from teleprinter
switchboard...(for connection to...). Request
you call him (or other intermediate
switchboard) for me.
ZAN Transmit only messages of and above
precedence...
ZAO I cannot understand your speech. Use
radiotelegraph.
ZAP Shall I work...(1. Simplex; 2. Duplex; Work...(1. Simplex; 2. Duplex; 3. Diplex; 4.
3. Diplex; 4. Multiplex; 5. Single Side- Multiplex; 5. Single Sideband; 6. With
band; 6. With automatic error correction automatic error correction system; 7. Without
system; 7. Without automatic error automatic error correction system. 8. With
correction system; 8. With time and time and frequency diversity modem).
frequency diversity modem)?
ZAQ The last word (or group)... (1. Received from
you was...; 2. Transmitted to you was...).
2B - 1
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZAR This is my...request (or reply). (1. First;

2. Second; 3. Third; etc.).
ZAS Rerun all tapes run on...since...
1) Your present frequency;
2) ....kHz (or MHz);
3) Call sign...;
4) This channel or...channel.
ZAT Am preparing traffic (perforating tape) for
transmission.
ZAU What is teletype range taken on my Teletype range taken on your signal(s) is...to...
signal(s)?
ZAV Transmit traffic for me (or for...) by broadcast
method until further directed (or until...).
ZAW Shall I transmit 12 inches of blank tape Transmit 12 inches of blank tape at short
at short intervals at... words per minute? intervals at...words per minute.
ZAX You are...
1) Causing interference. Listen before
sending;
2) Causing interference by inattention to
order to wait;
3) Sending at the same time as...(call sign);
4) Causing delay by slowness in answering;
5) Causing delay by slowness in
answering my service or procedure
messages;
6) Answering out of turn.
ZAY Transmit traffic to me (or to...on ...kHz (or
MHz)) without waiting for receipts. I (or...) will
receipt for traffic later (on...kHz (or MHz))
ZAZ One or more transmitters, simultaneously
keying on this broadcast, are defective but
transmission will continue on remaining
transmitters. Traffic so transmitted will be
repeated when full service is restored.
ZBA What is cause of delay (or of bad Delay (or bad transmission) due to ...
transmission)?
ZBB For following message you will require a total
of...copies.
ZBC You are transmitting a continuous ...
(1. Mark; 2. Space).
ZBD Will you repeat what you (or...) sent Following is what I (or...) sent (at...).
(at...)?
ZBE Retransmit message... to... (for...)
(1. Action; 2. Information).
ZBF For following message use large message
forms.
2B - 2
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZBG You are transmitting in upper case.

ZBH Make preliminary call before transmitting
traffic.
ZBI Listen for radiotelephony.
ZBJ What are the estimated errors per The estimated errors per thousand printed
thousand characters in my signals(or characters in your signals (or those of...) is…
those of ….)? 1) Greater than 13
2) 7 to 12
3) 1 to 6
4) Nil
ZBK Are you receiving my traffic clear? I am receiving your traffic... (1. Clear; 2.
Garbled).
ZBL Am unable to receive you while I am
transmitting. Do not use break-in-procedure.
ZBM Place...on watch on this frequency.
1) A qualified speed key operator;
2) A competent operator.
ZBN Your...is reversed. (1. Tape; 2. Mark and
space).
ZBO Of what precedence(s) and for whom is I have (or...has)...(numeral followed by
(are) your message(s)? precedence prosign for each pre-precedence)
message(s) for you (or for...).
ZBP Your...(1. Characters are indistinct;
2. Spacing is bad).
ZBQ When and on what frequency was Message...was received at...on... kHz (or MHz).
message...received?
ZBR Shall I send by... Send by...
1) Direct (R) method; 1) Direct (R) method;
2) Broadcast (F) method; 2) Broadcast (F) method;
3) Intercept (I) method; 3) Intercept (I) method;
4) Repeat back (G) method? 4) Repeat back (G) method.
ZBS Your...
1) Dots are too heavy;
2) Dots are too light;
3) Dots are varying in bias;
4) Dot spacing is bad;
5) Dots are missing;
6) Dots are blurring.
ZBT How do you count following text Text group(s)...should be counted as...group(s).
group(s)...?
ZBU Report when you are in radio communication
with...
ZBV Answer me (or...) on...kHz (or MHz).
ZBW Will you shift (or ask...to shift) to I am (or...is) shifting to transmit on...kHz (or
transmit on...kHz (or MHz)? MHz).
ZBX Will you shift (or ask... to shift) to receive I am (or...is) shifting to receive on...kHz (or
on... kHz (or MHz)? MHz).
2B - 3
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZBY Pass...
1) On broadcast...;
2) On Broadcast...single operator;
3) On Broadcast...two operator period;
4) On Broadcast...general periods only.
ZBZ What is the printing acceptability of my The printing acceptability of your signals (or
signals (or those of...)? those of...) is...
1) Unacceptable - totally corrupt;
2) Unacceptable - very corrupt;
3) Unacceptable - partly corrupt;
4) Acceptable - occasionally corrupt;
5) Acceptable - no corruption.
ZCA Satellite(s) is/are pre-empted from .......Z
to.........Z
ZCB Change to double-hop working using
satellites......West and.......East now (or at
.....hours).
ZCC Establish.......on access...... channel (A/B)
1) 300 dB Emergency patch
2) Phase-reverse-keying.
ZCD Weight your access to....(call sign) by......dB
ZCE Access satellite......now (or at....hours)
with......
1) Spread Spectrum Modulation(normal
allocation).
2) Spread Spectrum Modulator changed to
access.......
3) Spread Spectrum Demodulator changed to
access........
4) Frequency modulation.
5) Phase Shift Keying Modulation.
ZCF Remove access....now (or at...hours)
1) Spread Spectrum Modulation (1 - 40)
2) Frequency Modulation.
3) Phase-reverse-keying.
ZCG What is your frequency modulation My frequency modulation deviation is........
deviation?
ZCH What is your tracking mode? My tracking mode is..........
1) Auto track.
2) Manual tracking.
3) Hand barring.
ZCI What is your........? My ....
1) Total output power. 1) is.........watts.
2) Quality meter reading. 2) is...........%
3) Number of accesses. 3) is...........accesses.
4) Frequency modulation access power 4) is...........watts.
2B - 4
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZCJ Are you experiencing equipment trouble? I am experiencing trouble with my....
1) Spread Spectrum Modulator.
2) Frequency division multiplex equipment.
3) Line modem
4) Time division multiplex equipment.
5) Switching or patching
6) Servo system.
7) Transmitter.
8) Receiver.
9) Parametric Amplifier.
10) Phase Shift Keying Modulator.
ZCK Shall I loop my.......? Loop your........
1) Spread Spectrum Modulator channel 1) Spread Spectrum Modulator Channel....
(A/B).
2) Line modem. 2) Line modem.
3) Time division multiplex equipment 3) Time division multiplex equipment
4) Frequency division multiplex equip. 4) Frequency division multiplex equipment.
ZCL Have your checked speed setting of all I have checked speed setting on.....
equipment on........ (channel/circuit)? (channel/circuit).
ZCM May I carry out....on satellite.........? Carry out....on satellite......
1) Spread Spectrum Modulation 1) Spread Spectrum Modulation back- to-back
back-to-back check. check.
2) Range measurement. 2) Range measurement.
3) Power Balance. 3) Power Balance.
ZCN Are you ready to synchronize Spread I am ready to synchronize Spread Spectrum
Spectrum Access? Access.......
ZCO On your FM/FDM Access.........
1) Suppress telegraph channel...(1 - 9)
2) Open telegraph channel....... (1 - 9)
ZCP Change (total) radiated power......
1) On narrow-band to......watts.
2) On Spread Spectrum.....watts. Note: This
power excluded that for access D or E.
3) Of access....(1-40, N1-N5, D or E)
to......(watts).
4) Of access....(1-40, RAE) to..... (0,3,6, 9 dB)
below full access at Combiner Unit.
ZCQ Change FM/FDM mode to Mode....... (A/D)
with deviation......kHz.
ZCR I am about to initiate........
1) Serial
2) Parallel synchronization of
accesses......and.......
ZCS Switch your Spread Spectrum Access......
modulator to......
1) Code off 2) Search
3) Sync. 1 4) Sync. 2
5) Traffic
6) Channel A Normal On
7) Channel B Normal On
2B - 5
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZCT My Spread Spectrum Access demodulator

is...........
1) CW tuned
2) In short-code lock
3) In long-code lock
4) In long-code and data-lock on Channel A
only.
5) In long-code and data-lock on both
channels.
ZCU Set Spread Spectrum Access.....to......
1) Channel A only.
2) Channel A and B retaining original
radiated power for this access.
ZCV Set speed of Spread Spectrum Access......
Channel.....(A/B) to......
1) 1300 bd. 4) 1200 bd.
2) 2600 bd. 5) 2400 bd.
3) 600 bd. 6) 4800 bd.
ZCW 1) Check your....and advise
2) I have lost.......
3) Perform back to back through....
4) Bypass
5) I have bypassed
6) Retune demodulator To be used in
conjunction with ZCX.
ZCX 1) Test loop 1
2) Test loop 2
3) Test loop 3
4) Test loop 4
5) Paramp
6) High Power Amplifier
7) Demodulator
8) Mux Channel A
9) Mux Channel B
10) Demux Channel A
11) Demux Channel B
12) Coder
13) Decoder
14) Tracking (including side lobe)
15) 5 MHz standard
16) Synthesizer
17) Power Supply
18) Modulator
19) Satellite
20) Crypto Equipment
21) Patching DC
22) Patching RF
23) Patching Clock
2B - 6
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZCY Operate at....(BPS).........

1) 75
2) 84
3) 150
4) 168
5) 300
6) 336
7) 600
8) 672
9) 1200
10) 2400
11) 4800
12) 9600
To be used in conjunction with ZCZ.
ZCZ 1) Coded
2) Uncoded
3) Satellite Access Channel at...dBW
4) Relinquish Satellite Access due to sole
access......
5) Relinquish Satellite Access due to violation
of Power restrictions.
6) Increase Power to....dBW
7) Decrease Power to....DBW
8) NB ALPHA
9) NB BRAVO
10) Change Satellite Access Channel to.....at
DBW
11) Satellite
ZDA I have a formal message for you(precedence
is.....).
ZDB Expedite reply(ies) to my...
1) Previous operating signal;
2) Request(s) for repetition and correction;
3) Service message......
ZDC Does the last message (or message...) Last message (or message....) requires a signal
require a signal of execution? of execution.
ZDD Bring message...to the circuit.
ZDE Message...undelivered...
1) Station closed until...Z;
2) Attempting alert station to re-open (for
Flash or Immediate precedence only);
3) Will continue efforts to effect disposal;
4) Advise disposition;
5) Will not continue further efforts. Request
cancel and file;
6) Give more complete address.
2B - 7
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZDF Message...was:
1) Received by (addressee(s) designation)
at...Z.
2) Received by (addressee(s) designation
communications center at...Z.
3) Delivered to (addressee(s) designation) by
broadcast at...Z.
4) Forwarded to (addressee(s) designation) by
commercial means at...Z.
5) Mailed to (addressee(s) designation) at..Z
ZDG Accuracy of following message(s) or
(message...) is doubtful. Correction or
confirmation will be forthcoming.
ZDH Request corrected copy of message...be
forwarded to...
ZDI Place this message (or message...) on...(1.
MERCAST; 2. MERCAST one operator period).
ZDJ How many groups does your message I have a message containing.... groups to
contain? transmit to you (or to .....)
ZDK Will you repeat message... (or portion...) Following repetition (of...) is made in
(or will you rerun number)? accordance with your request.
ZDL Confirmation...(1. Was omitted; 2. Differs from
text).
ZDM I am holding your message....
ZDN Report disposal of message...your station with
any reason for delay.
ZDO I could not send message...to....
ZDP Hold my message...until correctness is
confirmed.
ZDQ Message...was relayed to...by...at...(on...kHz
(or MHz)).
ZDR This is a multiple-address or book message
tape containing...routing indicators in the
routing line
ZDR Which is to be routed in accordance with the
established doctrine.
ZDS Message (or message...) which you have
(or...has) just forwarded was incorrectly
transmitted. Correct version of message (or
part or portion...) is...
ZDT Exercise messages are not to be sent until
further orders (or until...)
ZDU Pass the following...
1) Private message (telegram);
2) Service telegram...) (Number of words
charged for is...).
ZDV Private message (telegram) received
for...Request instructions
2B - 8
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZDW In addition to the regular broadcast times, this

hydrographic message is to be transmitted on
the following hydrographic schedules...(1. ....
schedule; 2. All schedules on... (date); 3. All
schedules from... to...(dates inclusive)).
ZDX Messages up to and including serial (or circuit)
number...have been previously transmitted.
ZDY Private messages (telegrams) are not to be
sent until further orders (or until...).
ZDZ On...(date) message(s) was (were) mailed
to...(command(s)) bearing serial numbers...
ZEA Pass plain language copy to... by secure
means.
ZEB This is a reprocessed ICAO message.
ZEC Have you received message....? Message...(1. Not received; 2. Unidentified-
Give better identifying data).
ZED The following confirmatory information as
received is at variance with the text.
ZEE Request message...be transmitted.
ZEF This message has been read (received or
intercepted) from a ship at sea.
ZEG This message is not to be decrypted or reported
outside the communication center in...(1.
Aggressor force; 2. Friendly force).
ZEH Accuracy of...portion of following message (or
message...) is doubtful. Correction or
confirmation will be forwarded when received.
(1. Heading;- 2. Text; 3. Group..to..)
ZEI Accuracy is doubtful of heading of message
received as follows....Check to station of origin
if necessary and repeat.
ZEJ Replies to this message (or message ....) are to
be sent now (or at...)
ZEK No answer is required.
ZEL Is message...a correction to message... This message is a correction (to message...)
which was previously transmitted with (transmitted by...). Note: May only be used in
doubtful or missing groups (words)? conjunction- with ZDG.
ZEM Reserved for Intelligence Community Use
Only.
ZEN This message has been delivered by a separate
transmission or by other means (1. Messenger/
courier; 2. Mail) to the addressee(s)
immediately following this operating signal.
ZEO Transmit this message by rapid means when
no charges are involved and to all others by
mail.
2B - 9
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZEP This message (or message...) was incompletely

received. Each word or group missed, which is
indicated by position of ZEP in the message,
will be forwarded as soon as obtained.
ZEQ Message...(or this message has been.....
1) Missent to this station. Received at...Z.
Message protected;
2) Missent to this station and unable to
protect delivery due to... Request you
re-transmit to the appropriate called
station(s);
3) Misrouted to this station and has been
rerouted to...at...Z. Recommend corrective
action;
4) Misrouted to this station and unable to
protect delivery (for...) due to... Request
your station protect delivery;
5) Routed to this station in format line2, but
without delivery responsibility in format
lines 7 or 8. Advise.
6) Delayed due to misrouting, and is being
retransmitted herewith.)
ZER This is a multiple-address or book message
tape containing...routing indicators in the
routing line for which the station called in the
pilot is responsible.
ZES Your message...has been received...
(1. Incomplete; 2. Garbled). Request
retransmission.
ZET Message...has been protected and no further
action by...is required.
ZEU Exercise (drill) message.
ZEV Request you acknowledge message. Message (or message...) is acknowledged
ZEW Your attention is invited, for...
1) Action;
2) Information), to message... which is in
your files.
ZEX This is a book message and may be delivered
as a single-address message to addressees for
whom you are responsible.
ZEY This message (or message...) has been (or will
be) put on the... broadcast schedules (serial
number ....)
ZEZ When delivery is effected of this book message
to addressee by commercial means, or when
copy is forwarded to confirm message
previously delivered by telephone it is to be
sent as a single address message. (May only be
used in conjunction with ZEX.)
2B - 10
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZFA Following message has been read (received or

intercepted).
ZFB Pass this message to... (1. on arrival; 2. On
return to base).
ZFC Have you received (or sent) the executive Executive signal ("Execute") for last message
signal ("Execute") for message...? (or following message) has been made (or was
made at...).
ZFD This message is a suspected duplicate.
ZFE Pass message...(which is in your files) to
addressee(s) for whom you are responsible
using the indicated supplementary heading.
ZFF Inform me when this message (or message...)
has been received by... (addressee designation)
or by...
1) Action addressee(s);
2) Information addressee(s);
3) All addressees;
4) Action addressee's/addresses' message
center;
5) Information addressee's/ addressees'
message center;
6) All addressees' message center).
(NOTE: NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE ON
GENERAL MESSAGES).
ZFG This message is an exact duplicate of a
message previously transmitted and is to be
delivered to all appropriate addressees served
by the receiving communications facility.
ZFH This message (or message...) is being (or has
been) passed to you (or...) for...
(1. Action; 2. Information; 3. Comment) (at the
request of...)
ZFI Is there any reply to message...? There is no reply to message...
ZFJ Message(s)...number(s)...not transmitted on
this schedule (or on schedule...) are no longer
needed.
ZFK Does message...(or station serial Message...(or station serial number....)
number...) concern me (or...)? (1. Does not concern you(or...); 2. No longer
concerns you (or...)).
ZFL Was there any traffic addressed to me Following traffic was addressed to you
on...broadcast schedule between serial on...broadcast schedule between serial
numbers... and....? numbers... and ...
ZFM Message(s) serial number(s)...(to ...) which was
(were) transmitted during unserviceability of
one or more transmitters, simultaneously
keyed, will now be repeated.
ZFN
ZFO Message...is being delivered as a Basegram
message.
2B - 11
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZFP Basegram.
ZFQ Two messages (...and...) received under
channel number (or station serial number) ...
Both released.
ZFR Cancel transmission...(made under channel or
station serial number ...).
ZFS Make message...same channel or station serial
number as this procedure message.
ZFT Message...received without channel number(s)
(or station serial number) following message
bearing channel number (or station serial
number) ...Message released.
ZFU Channel numbers...and...preceded message...
Lower number recorded and higher number
blanked.
ZFV Message...containing channel
number(s)...separated by portions of the
message, released subject to correction. Take
necessary action to provide corrected copy (to).
ZFW BLANK channel number(s)...Forward
message...as channel number...
ZFX Channel number (or station serial number)...is
open.
ZFY
ZFZ
ZGA What is my call sign for use on this Your call sign for use on this circuit only is...
circuit only?
ZGB Send (answer)...(1. In alphabetical sequence of
call signs. Each station to make its call signs
once (or...times); 2. In the following sequence
of call signs).
ZGC Station to station receipts are not required for
this FLASH message (authorization for use
must be prescribed by authorities controlling
networks/systems).
ZGD Two stations are using the same indefinite call
sign on...kHz (or MHz). Both stations are to
select different call signs.
ZGE Send your call sign(s) once (or....times) on this
frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz)).
ZGF Make call signs more distinctly.
ZGG What is call sign of... (1. Friendly Call sign of...is...(1. Friendly striking force
striking force aircraft; 2. Friendly shad- aircraft; 2. Friendly shadowing aircraft;
owing aircraft; 3. Incoming vessel; 3. Incoming vessel; 4. Senior officer present
4. Senior officer present afloat (or Officer afloat (or Officer in tactical command);
in tactical command); 5. Ship acting as 5. Ship acting as flagship for...).
flagship for...)?
2B - 12
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZGH I am using this transmitter to answer calls on

two or more frequencies. Answer to calls may
be delayed.
ZGI I am or have been (or...is or has been) calling
you (on...kHz (or MHz)).
ZGJ When will you call me again on present I will call you again as soon as possible (or
frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz))? at...) on present frequency (or on...kHz (or
MHz)).
ZGK When shall I call you again on present Call me again at...on present frequency (or
frequency (or on... kHz (or MHz))? on...kHz (or MHz)).-
ZGL ...will answer calls for me (or for ...).
ZGM Did you (or...) hear... (at...)? I have (or...has) been unable to communicate
with...(since...).
ZGN When was I (or...) last heard? Nothing heard from you (or...) (since...)
ZGO What is my number and sequence in Your number is...Answer after
answering? number-...(Numbers to be separated by
separative sign).
ZGP Answer calls for me on present frequency (or
on...kHz (or MHz)).
ZGQ
ZGR
ZGS
ZGT
ZGU
ZGV
ZGW
ZGX
ZGY
ZGZ
ZHA Shall I decrease frequency very slightly Decrease frequency very slightly (or...kHz) to
(or...kHz) to clear interference? clear interference.
ZHB Shall I increase frequency very slightly Increase frequency very slightly(or...kHz) to
(or...kHz) to clear interference? clear interference.
ZHC
ZHD
ZHE
ZHF
ZHG
ZHH
ZHI
ZHJ
ZHK
ZHL
ZHM
ZHN How do you receive my automatic Your automatic transmissions are...(1. Good;
transmission? 2. Fair; 3. Unreadable).
2B - 13
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZHO What is your speed of automatic- My speed of automatic transmission in...

transmission in... (1. Revolutions per (1. Revolutions per minutes;
minute; 2. Words per minute; 3. Bauds). 2. Words per minute; 3. Bauds) is...
ZHP What is preventing automatic reception? Automatic reception is prevented by...
ZHQ Please listen for me on...kHz (or MHz) and
transmit to me on...kHz (or MHz).
ZHR Is my speed of automatic transmission Your speed of automatic transmission- is...
correct? (1. Fast; 2. Slow; 3. Erratic; 4. Correct).
ZHS
ZHT
ZHU
ZHV
ZHW
ZHX
ZHY
ZHZ
ZIA This message (or message...) is being (or has
been) passed out of proper sequence of station
serial numbers.
ZIB Two messages...and... (or group counts Change station serial number of message...to
and time of origin...and...), both received read number...
as serial number...What are correct or
serial numbers? Assign to message...station serial number...
ZIC What is (are) station serial number(s) or Station serial number(s) or channel number(s)
channel number(s) of last message(s) you of last message(s) transmitted to you (or to...)
transmitted to me (or to...)? is (are)...
ZID What is (are) station serial number(s) or Station serial number(s) or channel number(s)
channel number(s) of last message(s) of last message(s) received from you (or from...)
received from me (or from...)? is(are)...
ZIE Station serial number(s) or channel number(s)
(from...) has (have) not been received. Repeat
message(s) or cancel serial number(s) or
channel number(s).
ZIF I (or...) did not use serial number(s).
ZIG Is (are) number(s)... (to...) blank? Number(s)...(to...) is (are) blank.
ZIH Repeat headings of message number
...to...transmitted by you (or...) to check serial
numbers.
ZII What was...of your (or...'s) number...? (1. My (or...'s) number...had following...
Date- time group; 2. Filing time)? (1. Date-time group; 2. Filing time).
ZIJ I am now changing my channel number/letter.
Last number sent in this series is that of this
message.
ZIK This is a weather controlled message which is
not to be transmitted in the clear over radio
circuits.
ZIL What Channel Number(s) should I use? Use Channel Number(s)….
ZIM
2B - 14
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZIN
ZIO
ZIP Have set continuous watch, or
1) Single operator period;
2) Two operator period;
3) General periods only;
4) Reduced single operator periods) on
broadcast indicated. First serial number
received is.../No number yet received
ZIQ Have ceased watch on Broadcast, last number
received...
ZIR
ZIS
ZIT
ZIU
ZIV
ZIW
ZIX
ZIY
ZIZ
ZJA Read signaling light of...
ZJB May I close down visual watch now (or Close down visual watch now (or at...).
at...)?
ZJC Repeat all flag signals made by the senior
officer (senior officer present afloat).
ZJD Use...(1. Better light; 2. Better background).
ZJE Set visual watch now (or at...)
ZJF Visual relaying station between senior officer
(senior officer present afloat) (or...) and...is to
be .....
ZJG Repeat all flashing (or semaphore) messages
made by the senior officer (senior officer
present afloat).
ZJH Your light is unreadable...(1. Not trained
correctly; 2. Not bright enough; 3. Too bright).
ZJI What are the call signs of the ships in Call signs of the ships in company with me
company with you? are...(For visual use only).
ZJJ Use double-flash procedure.
ZJK Are you (or is...) visual guard for...? I am (or...is) visual guard for...
ZJL Hoist the following signal.
2B - 15
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZJM 1) Flaghoist;
2) Semaphore;
3) 20 inch signaling projector;
5) ALDIS;
6) Intermediate;
7) Heather;
8) Daylight signaling lantern;
9) Masthead flashing light;
10) Infrared;
11) Signal search light;
12) Omni-directional flashing light.
13) Directional flashing light.
ZJN Message...has been passed to those for whom I
am responsible (or to...) (at...) but "L" has not
been received.
ZJO Repeat back each group of the text of this
message as it is transmitted.
ZJP Message which follows is to be encrypted and
passed to all addressees (by...). (Only to be
used by visual not liable to interception).
ZJQ Repeat signal (or message...) the senior officer
(senior officer present afloat) (or ship indicated)
is now transmitting or is about to transmit.
ZJR Only semaphore is to be used for visual
signaling between...and ...(or from...).
ZJS Directional lights of minimum brilliancy are to
be used for all visual traffic between...and...
except for messages of precedence priority and
above requiring transmission to two or more
ships.
ZJT Broadcast transmitter indicated is about to be
taken off for... minutes (or until...).
ZJU
ZJV
ZJW
ZJX
ZJY
ZJZ
ZKA Who is controlling station (net control I am (or...is) controlling station (net control
station) on this frequency (or on...kHz (or station) on this frequency (or on...kHz (or
MHz))? MHz)).
ZKB Is it necessary to obtain the permission of It is necessary to obtain the permission of the
the controlling station (net control controlling station(net control station) before
station) before transmitting messages? transmitting- messages.
ZKC Substitute code sign (call sign) of control
station of group (net) in place of this operating
signal.
2B - 16
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZKD Shall I take control of net (for...) Take control of net (for...) (until...)
(until...)?
ZKE I (or...) report(s) into circuit (net).
ZKF Station leaves net temporarily (or
for...minutes) (to communicate with...) (will be
on...kHz (or MHz)).
ZKG Observe (or direct...to observe) schedule
with...on...kHz (or MHz) (at...).
ZKH Did you (or...) observe schedule with... I (or...) observed schedule with...(at...).
(at...)?
ZKI Set watch on...kHz (or MHz)...
(1. Continuous; 2. Until further notice).
ZKJ May I close down (until...)? ...(1. Close down (until...);
2. I am closing down (until...)).
ZKK Assume radiotelegraph (wireless)
organization...forthwith (or at...)
ZKL Resume normal radio communication now (or
at...).
ZKM Take guard (for...) (on...kHz (or MHz)).
ZKN I have taken over guard on...kHz (or MHz).
ZKO I have handed over guard (to...) (on...kHz (or
MHz)) (serial number of last message received
was...).
ZKP Are you (or is...) radio guard I am (or...is) radio guard for... (on...kHz (or
for...(on...kHz(or MHz))? MHz)).
ZKQ Indicate ships or stations for which you are
(or...is) ...guard. (1. Radio (on...kHz (or MHz));
2. Visual).
ZKR On what frequencies are you (or...) I am (or...is) maintaining watch on...kHz (or
maintaining watch? MHz).
ZKS What stations are keeping watch Following stations are keeping watch on...kHz
on...kHz (or MHz) (or are in net)? (or MHz) (or are in net).
ZKT Am keeping watch on...kHz (or MHz) for...
1) First five minutes in each half hour;
2) From 10 to 15 and 40 to 45 minutes past
the hour;
3) Between...and...minutes past the hour).
ZKU I am (or...is) maintaining continuous watch, or
4) Reduced single operator period) on...(call
sign)... Broadcast.
ZKV I am (or...is) standing split-phone watch
on...and...kHz (or MHz).
ZKW
ZKX
ZKY
2B - 17
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZKZ
ZLA I have pictures of the following types to
transmit...
1) Photographs;
2) Weather maps;
3) Blueprints;
4) Printed matter;
5) Test.
ZLB What drum rotation speed shall I use? Transmit at...revolutions per minute.
(1. 30; 2. 45; 3. 50; 4. 60; 5. 90; 6. 100).
ZLC Your transmission...
1) Shows objectionable modulation;
2) Suitable for communication but not for
picture;
3) Shows caption too close to edge of picture;
4) Shows buckled print;
5) Shows fork drift;
6) Picture shows too much contrast;
7) Picture shows insufficient contrast;
8) Picture shows cross-over).
ZLD I am unable to...
1) Synchronize with you;
2) Transmit pictures;
3) Copy pictures.
ZLE Send...
1) Fence;
2) White;
3) Black;
4) Picture;
5) Synchronize;
6) Fence swinging black until I stop you;
7) Fence swinging white until I stop you).
ZLF ...(
1) Inverter;
2) Converter;
3) 96-line 12 x 18 transceiver;
4) 100-line transceiver.).
5) 300-line transceiver).
ZLG Shall I transmit... (1. Negative- Transmit...(1. Negative; 2. Positive).-
2. Positive)?
ZLH Will you transmit map(s)...(...area... I am going to transmit map(s)... (...area...
time….type). time...type).
ZLI Reverse material on drum and rerun until I
break you.
ZLJ What size lettering shall I use? Use...1. Standard telegraphic typewriter; 2.
Jumbo typewriter if available; 3. Hand
lettering at least3/16 of an inch high).
ZLK
ZLL
2B - 18
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZLM
ZLN Facility indicated cannot be operated at
present.
ZLO Is (are) facility(ies) ...operative at your The following...facility(ies) is (are) operative at
station (or at...)? this station (or at...).
1) Homing beacon;
2) Radar beacon;
3) Revolving and/or flashing beacon;
4) Radio beacon;
5) Instrument landing system;
6) Ground control approach;
7) Approach Control;
8) Tower transmitter (state which type LF,
MF, VHF, or UHF);
9) MF Direction finder;
10) VHF Direction finder;
11) UHF Direction finder;
12) Runway lights;
13) Sandra lights;
14) Radio track guide;
15) Radio range).
ZLP What is (are) the magnetic line(s) of shoot The magnetic line(s) of shoot of the... (facility)
of the...(facility)? is (are)...degrees.
ZLQ
ZLR
ZLS
ZLT
ZLU
ZLV
ZLW
ZLX
ZLY
ZLZ
ZMA What was bearing of unknown station (or Bearing of unknown station (or station using
station using call sign...) at... (time) call sign...) was... (at...time) class...(on...kHz
(on...kHz (or MHz))? (or MHz)).
ZMB Bearing of you (or of...) was... (class...) from
me (or from...) at...(time).
ZMC Bearing of station which answered message (or
transmission) from... was...(at...(time)) class...
(on...kHz (or MHz)).
ZMD 1. Your bearing appears to be
between...degrees and ...degrees, and sense
indicates you are to the ...(direction) of this
station; 2. Your bearing is changing rapidly.
ZME Pass in direction finding bearing (of...)
obtained on...kHz (or MHz) (or
between...and...kHz (or MHz)).
2B - 19
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZMF Will you endeavor to obtain a direction Bearing of station now transmitting (or of...)
finding bearing of station now (on...kHz (or MHz)) was...(class...) sense
transmitting (or of...) (on...kHz (or determined at...
MHz))?
ZMG This bearing (course or position) is unreliable.
Error in excess of class C bearing (or position)
may amount...degrees or miles).
ZMH Surface craft using call sign... cooperating.
Change to...kHz (or MHz) and follow direction
finding procedure when called.
ZMI Will you send your call sign and dashes of I am about to send my call sign and dashes of
five-seconds duration at intervals in order five-seconds duration at intervals in order that
that I (or...) may home on you? you (or...) may home on me.
ZMJ Check...
1) Correctness of last QDR;
2) Sense of last QDR;
3) Correctness of last QDM;
4) Sense of last QDM).
ZMK Cannot determine your (or...'s... (1. Position; 2.
Bearing).
ZML Steer...degrees for 2 minutes if possible and
send call sign and long dashes while you are so
doing.
ZMM Increase height to enable more accurate
bearing to be completed.
ZMN Change over to loop direction finding on...kHz
(or MHz) (and home on transmissions made
by...).
ZMO What is my position by direction finding Your position by direction finding cross
bearing from nearest landmark (or bearings from nearest landmark (or from...)
from...)? is...(class...) at...(hours).
ZMP Endeavor to plot position from bearings taken
on station(s) now transmitting (or of...)
ZMQ Cannot determine your position, you are in
line or nearly in line with direction finding
station baseline.
ZMR Take over direction finding guard as
previously ordered (on...kHz (or MHz))
(from...to...kHz (or MHz)).
ZMS Carry out short direction finding procedure
(as locally pre-scribed).
ZMT Sense determination unreliable, bearing may
be reciprocal.
ZMU ...(1. Listen (for...) on direction finding on...
kHz, (or MHz) (or between...and...kHz (or
MHz)); 2. Shift to direction finding
frequency...and listen for call sign...).
2B - 20
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZMV What is the Grid Course for me to steer The Grid Course for you to steer to reach me
to reach you (or...)? (or...) is...degrees at...hours.
ZMW
ZMX
ZMY
ZMZ
ZNA You are encrypting...incorrectly.
(1. Operating signals; 2. Radio call signs);
3. Address groups).
ZNB What is authentication of... Authentication (of...) is...
(1. Message...; 2. Last transmission; (1. Message...; 2. Last transmission;- 3. ...).
3. ....)?
ZNC All transmissions will be authenticated-
...(1. On all circuits; 2. On this circuit;
3. On...frequency).
ZND You are using authenticator incorrectly...
(1. Verify authenticator system key. 2. Check
authentication of your last transmission).
ZNE I am prepared to authenticate.
ZNF Addressees who are not holders of the
cryptographic system employed in the text
need not decrypt (decipher), but shall sight
(read) translation at first opportunity and
obtain copy if applicable.
ZNG Commands who are included in the collective
address used in this heading, who are not
holders of the cryptographic system employed
in the text, are exempted.
ZNH Plain-text tape of this message should be
prepared during process of decipherment.
ZNI Shift to...(1. On-line; 2. Plain) operation now
ZNJ This message has been transmitted under
serial number...at... by station whose
designation follows ...(1. By on-line cipher; 2.
By off-line encryption).
ZNK Addressees who do not hold cryptographic
facilities are exempted.
ZNL Receiving Cryptographic Office concerned
should refer queries relating to the text of this
message (e.g., requests for verification) to...
(address designators except plain language).
Note: To be used in codress messages when
necessary to indicate originating Crypto
Center and then normally limited to messages
of Immediate precedence and above.
2B - 21
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZNM Originator authorizes the transfer of this

message into the secure networks of all
authorities addressed, provided the networks
are approved for the security classification of
the message involved.
ZNN
ZNO Unable to decrypt message...(from indefinite
call sign...). Note: Only to be used under
circumstances laid down in cryptographic
instructions.
ZNP Transfer operation of channel now to...(1.
Normal; 2. Top Secret; 3. Conference; 4.
Engineering) on-line cipher operation. Note:
This signal is for use only when already in
on-line cypher operation.
ZNQ This message (or message...) received at this
station...(1. Without authentication (when
authentication is in force); 2. Incorrectly
Authenticated; 3. Correctly authenticated.)
ZNR This message may be forwarded without
change by radio or non-approved circuit. Note:
The letter U repeated five times following this
operating signal indicates that the message
which follows is unclassified or is acceptable
for transmission over any circuit in its present
form.
ZNS Following message has been authenticated...
(This signal is for use only over
approved/on-line circuits).
ZNT Following message has NOT been
authenticated...(This signal is for use only over
approved/on- line circuits).
ZNU
ZNV
ZNW
ZNX You have disclosed an EEFI as indicated:
1) Position 6) COMSEC
2) Capabilities 7) Wrong Circuit
3) Operations 8) (SPARE)
4) EW 9) (SPARE)
5) Personnel 10) (SPARE)
*NOTE: See ACP 124 for details of
BEADWINDOW procedure and the use of
EEFI numbers.
ZNY Do not forward this message unencrypted by
radio or non-approved circuit. Note: A letter
repeated five times following this operating
signal indicates the classification for which the
circuit must be approved before the message
can be forwarded over it.
2B - 22
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZNZ Originator has indicated that this message

should be forwarded without service action on
the text at relay or addressee stations, as the
information conveyed is...(1. Perishable; 2. For
information only and will be confirmed by
other means).
ZOA Relay this message (or message...) by visual
(to...).
ZOB Take (I will take) no further action regarding
forwarding message...
ZOC Station(s) called relay this message to
addressees for whom you are responsible.
ZOD Act as radio link (relaying station) between me
and...(or between...and ...).
ZOE Can you accept message for...? Give me your message. I will dispose of it... (1.
(1. on line; 2. Off line). on line; 2. Off line).
ZOF Relay (pass) this message (or message...)
to...now (or at...).
ZOG Transmit (pass) this message (or message...)
to...(for...) (1. Action; 2. Information).
ZOH Send message for...on...kHz (or MHz) by...
(1. Receipt method; 2. Broadcast method;
3. Intercept method).
ZOI Pass this message to the nearest (or...)
weather central/control.
ZOJ This is corrected version number…(1. One; 2.
Two; etc.) of a message previously transmitted
with errors and/or omitted portions.
ZOK Relay this message via...
ZOL I will relay your call sign to senior officer
present afloat, whose call sign is...
ZOM Delivery of this message by mail in lieu of
broadcast permissible (to...).
ZON Place this message (or message...) on..
1) Continuous wave broadcast;
2) Radioteletype broadcast) indicated by
following specific broadcast designator(s)...
ZOO Place this message (or message...) on
MERCAST indicated by following specific
broadcast designator(s)...
ZOP This message (or message...) has been
delivered to all broadcast areas (or to the
following specific broadcast area(s)...).
ZOQ Deliver this message (or message ...) to all
broadcast areas (or to the following specific
broadcast area(s)...).
2B - 23
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZOR 1) Route traffic for...via...area broadcast.

2) Beginning at... traffic for you (or...) will be
routed via...area broadcast.
ZOS Request area routing for messages for...? Area routing for messages for... is...
ZOT Transmit or handle this message at the lower
precedence to the station or address
designator(s) which follow(s).
ZOU How should traffic for... be routed? Route traffic for...through... (on...kHz (or
MHz)).
ZOV Station designation preceding this operating
signal is the correct routing for this message
rerouted by...
ZOW Broadcast this message at special watch
keeping periods for ships with (1. One radio
operator; 2. Two radio operators).
ZOX Place this message (or message....) on...
(1. Morse/CW; 2. RATT) submarine broadcast
indicated by following specific broadcast
designator(s)....
ZOY Relay this message only to the station(s) whose
designation(s) precede this operating signal.
ZOZ Relay this message (or message...) in its
present form without decryption.
ZPA Your speech is distorted.
ZPB Your transmitter has strong radiation while
idling.
ZPC Your signals are...
1) Fading badly;
2) Fading slightly;
3) Good for...words per minute;
4) Getting stronger;
5) Getting weaker).
ZPD Is your signal as checked by My signal as checked by monitor... is
monitor...satisfactory (1. Locally; 2. As satisfactory (1. Locally; 2. As radiated).
radiated)?
ZPE Maximum power is now being radiated
ZPF What is the readability of the signals of The readability of the signals of the group (net)
the group (net) (or of...)? (or of...) is... (1 to 5).
ZPG What is (are) signal strength(s) of group Signal strength(s) of group (net) is (are) (or
(net) (or of...)? of...) is... (1 to 5).
ZPH This interrupted transmission is canceled. A
complete retransmission from this station will
follow without request.
ZPI
2B - 24
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZPJ This is a SUBOPAUTH edited version, either

addressees and/or non-essential text have been
removed from this message. Subsequent
delivery of the originators unedited message is
not intended unless re-quested.
ZPK This is a SUBOPAUTH edited version, either
addressees and/or non-essential text have been
removed from this message. The originators
unedited message will be delivered by other
means.
ZPL Request unedited versions of edited messages,
broadcast number(s)....be forwarded by means
other than the submarine broadcast.
ZPM
ZPN IFF switched ON in distress position.
ZPO The text of this message is to be relayed in
precisely the same format as that in which it
is received. No characters or machine
functions are to be added, inserted or deleted
and the relative positions of the groups are to
be retained.
ZPP Message which follows is a submarine
surfacing signal to be cleared on calling
frequency.
ZPQ
ZPR I have …messages (precedence) prepared in
tape relay format for you (or for…). (Consider-
ation should be given to receiving this message
directly on to a printing perforator/typing
reperforator).
ZPS
ZPT This transmission is a transmitter
pre-acceptance trial. Request expeditious
strength and readability reply.
ZPU If more than one tropical wind warning
message in this sequence is awaiting
transmission, transmit highest serial number
first. (Sequence/serial is understood to include
tropical warning name or number and
consecutive warning number).
ZPV If the earlier wind warnings identified by
DTG(s) following this signal are awaiting
transmission, file those warnings without
further transmission.
ZPW This message canceled at time indicated. File
without further transmission.
2B - 25
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZPX This message (or message....) is forwarded to

you for screening and determination of need for
broadcast promulgation. Advise broadcast
control commander of recommended message
disposition.
ZPY This message (or message.....) has been
screened by command authority and requires
broadcast delivery.
ZPZ This message has been forwarded...(number of
times) by stations within this network. Note:
The number shall be incremented by one each
time the message is relayed within the
network. The OPSIG will be removed prior to
the message exiting the network).
ZQA The landing lights at the aerodrome (or at the
aerodrome at...) are out of order.
ZQB What is the magnetic direction in which The magnetic direction in which landing is to
landing is to be made? be made is... degrees.
ZQC Are you (or is...)... (1. Airborne; I am (or...is) ...at..(time). (1. Airborne;
2. Waterborne; 3. On land)? 2. Waterborne; 3. On land).
ZQD Am I to carry out the procedure You are to carry out the procedures
appropriate to the use of the ...(facility)? appropriate to the use of the... (facility).
ZQE What is your desired rate of descent My desired rate of descent is... hundreds of feet
expressed in hundreds of feet per minute? per minute.
ZQF What is the length in yards of the The length of the runway in use is...yards.
runway in use?
ZQG
ZQH
ZQI
ZQJ
ZQK
ZQL
ZQM
ZQN
ZQO
ZQP
ZQQ
ZQR
ZQS
ZQT
ZQU
ZQV
ZQW
ZQX
ZQY
ZQZ
2B - 26
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZRA How does my frequency check? Your frequency is...

1) Correct;
2) Slightly (or...Hz (or kHz)) high;
3) Slightly (or...Hz (or kHz)) low;
4) Stable on steady mark;
5) Stable on steady space;
6) Unstable;
7) Erratic.
ZRB Check your (or...'s) frequency on this circuit
(or on...kHz (or MHz)).
ZRC Shall I tune my transmitter to... Tune your transmitter to... (1. Proper
(1. Proper frequency;- 2. Zero beat with frequency; 2. Zero beat with my (or...)
your (or...) transmitter)? transmitter).
ZRD What is the frequency of the...radio The frequency of the...radio facility now in
facility now in operation? operation is...
ZRE On what frequency do you hear me best? I hear you best on...kHz (or MHz).
ZRF Will you send tuning signal on your Am about to send tuning signal on my present
present frequency(or on...kHz or (MHz)) frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz)).
for 1 minute, or until AS is given?
ZRG When will a change of frequency (to...kHz A change in frequency (to...kHz (or MHz)) will
(or MHz)) be necessary? be necessary at approximately...
ZRH Is my frequency shift correct? Your frequency shift is...(1. Too wide; 2. Too
narrow; 3. Not linear; 4. Correct) (by Hz).
ZRI
ZRJ Will you check your...? I will check my...
ZRK Shall I revert to single channel working? Revert to single channel working.
ZRL Are you working on the correct code? I am working on the correct code.
NOTE: This meaning applies only to fre- NOTE: This meaning applies only to frequency
quency shift diplex. shift diplex.
ZRM Can you receive both sidebands of my I can receive...(1. The upper sideband;
independent sideband transmissions? 2. The lower sideband; 3. Both sidebands).
ZRN Do you intend to transmit on… I intend to transmit on...
1) The upper sideband; 1) The upper sideband;
2) The lower sideband; 2) The lower side-band;
3) Both sidebands independently)? 3) Both sidebands independently.
ZRO Can you read me on...(1. Channel A...; 2. I can read you on...(1. Channel A;
Channel B...; 3. Channel(s)...; 4. All 2. Channel B; 3. Channel(s); 4. All channels; 5.
channels)? No channels).
ZRP Transfer signal on channel...to channel...
(Should only be used when order originates
from a third working channel. See ZRV for use
between directly connected working channels).
ZRQ Change to other sideband.
ZRR Message(s) ...number(s)...will no longer be
broadcast but are effective and of interest (to
units indicated).
2B - 27
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZRS Your carrier is...(1. Over- suppressed;

2. Under-suppressed).
ZRT Radiate full unmodulated power for...minutes.
ZRU Are my tone frequencies correct? Your tone for...(
1) Marking and spacing are high;
2) Marking and spacing are low;
3) Marking and spacing are correct).
ZRV Transfer signal to channel...
ZRW Retransmit phasing signal….
1) You did not synchronize
2) Check your daily key setting
ZRX
ZRY
ZRZ
ZSA May I ascend to...(height)? You may ascend to...(height).
ZSB May I descend to...(height)? You may descend to...(height).
ZSC Switch on IFF.
ZSD IFF switched OFF.
ZSE Do you have glider in tow? ...(1. We have glider in tow;
2. We are forced to release glider at
(approximate position)...).
ZSF Switch off...(1. IFF; 2. IFF sets for 10 minutes
in area denoted except for ships whose call
signs follow).
ZSG May I make an approach using the You may approach using the facility indicated.
facility indicated?
ZSH
ZSI You are...(1. To maintain height of...feet and
report over...(call sign) range station;
2. To hold on...leg of the beam...(call sign)
range station at height...feet).
ZSJ
ZSK
ZSL
ZSM
ZSN
ZSO Send tapes (or message)...(1. Once; 2. Twice).
ZSP
ZSQ
ZSR
ZSS
ZST
ZSU
ZSV
ZSW
ZSX
ZSY
2B - 28
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZSZ
ZTA ...1) Radio;
2) Visual;
3) Land line;
4) Teletypewriter (Teleprinter);
5) Telephone;
6) Automatic;
7) Facsimile;
8) Shore telephone;
9) Shore teleprinter;
10) Radio teletypewriter.
11) Satellite.
ZTB ...1) Transmitter-distributor;
2) Autohead;
3) Perforator;
4) Reperforator;
5) Printer;
6) Undulator;
7) Keyboard;
8) Frequency shift keyer;
9) Multiplexing carrier base;
10) On line Crypto device).
ZTC ...(1. Does my...appear to be faulty; ...(1. Your...appears to be faulty; 2. My...is
2. Is your...faulty)? faulty).
ZTD Shall I use....? Use....
ZTE Are you (or is...) able to use…? I am (or...is) able to use...
ZTF Are repairs completed? Repairs ....(1. Completed; 2. Uncompleted.
Estimated completion time...minutes;
3. Can not be completed because...)
ZTG ...(class of emission/type of transmission as
indicated in Chapter 6).
ZTH
ZTI ...(1. Receiver; 2. Transmitter;
3. Power supply; 4. Antenna system;
5. Radio direction finder).
ZTJ Cease using...
ZTK Are you (or is...) connected to...? I am (or...is) connected to...
ZTL Are you (or is...) about to disconnect? I am (or...is) about to disconnect.
ZTM I am (or...is) unable to use...
ZTN What is my bias distortion? Your bias distortion is... (1. Excessive;
2. ...percent (marking); 3. ...percent
(spacing); 4. ...percent (total distortion).
2B - 29
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZTO Is my character formation correct? Your character formation is...

1) Correct;
2) Defective in the start element;
3) Defective in the 1st unit;
4) Defective in the 2nd unit;
5) Defective in the 3rd unit;
6) Defective in the 4th unit;
7) Defective in the 5th unit;
8) Defective in the stop element).
ZTP What is the duration of your modulation The duration of my modulation cycle is...
cycle? 50 Baud Equipment
1) 148 milliseconds (7.42 units) fast.
2) 150 milliseconds (7.5 units) correct.
3) 152 milliseconds (7.6 units) slow.
4) ...erratic per character
45.5 Baud Equipment
1) 161 milliseconds (7.35 units) fast.
2) 163 milliseconds (7.42 units) correct.
3) 165 milliseconds (7.5 units) slow.
4) ...erratic per character.
ZTQ Will you...(1. get the Circuit I will...(1. get the Circuit Engineer/Facility
Engineer/Facility Control Technician to Control Technician to speak on the circuit;
speak on this circuit (or circuit...); 2. Hand the line over to the Circuit
2. Hand the line over to the Circuit Engineer/Facility Control Technician for check
Engineer/ Facility Control Technician for and call you when check has been completed).
check)?
ZTR Will you... I will...
(1. Disconnect your equipment from line (1. Disconnect (or I am disconnecting) my
and carry out local test, reconnecting to equipment from line and carry (or to carry) out
line in...minutes; local test reconnecting to line in...minutes;
2. Connect my transmit line to my receive line
2. Connect your transmit line to your to enable you to carry out a loop test for...
receive line to enable me to carry out a minutes).
loop test for...minutes)?
ZTS Is the line satisfactory? The line is...(1. Satisfactory;
2. Unsatisfactory).
ZTT Fixed Aerial
1) Omni-directional ….
2) Rotatable
3) Directional
ZTU
ZTV
ZTW
ZTX
ZTY
ZTZ
ZUA Request a timing signal now (or at...) Timing signal will be transmitted now (or
at...). The numerals indicating the time will be
followed by a five-second dash terminating
exactly at the time indicated.
2B - 30
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZUB At...
ZUC From...to...
ZUD Until further orders (or until...)
ZUE Affirmative (Yes).
ZUF Air Raid...(1. Warning; 2. In progress;
3. All clear).
ZUG Negative (No).
ZUH Unable to comply.
ZUI Your attention is invited to...
ZUJ Stand by.
ZUK ...(Appointment Code) desires key ...(Appointment Code) is now ready to begin
conversation on this circuit with... key conversation with...(Appointment Code).
(Appointment Code). Will you indicate when you are ready?
ZUL
ZUM
ZUN
ZUO
ZUP
ZUQ
ZUR
ZUS
ZUT
ZUU
ZUV
ZUW
ZUX
ZUY
ZUZ
ZVA Station called is responsible for relay or
delivery to all stations in line two (2) or to
stations indicated.
ZVB What was your time over last compulsory My time over last compulsory reporting point
reporting point, and ETA at next was...and my ETA at next compulsory
compulsory reporting point? reporting point is...
ZVC
ZVD
ZVE What are the security conditions of your Security conditions at my termination of this
termination(s) of this channel channel (or... channel/circuit designated) are...
(or...channel/ circuit designated)? 1) Secured for Restricted;
2) Secured for Confidential;
3) Secured for Secret;
4) Secured for Top Secret
Note: The answer to this signal may only be
passed on circuits cleared for classified traffic.
ZVF This channel (or...channel/circuit designated)
is unserviceable for classified traffic.
ZVG
ZVH
2B - 31
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZVI
ZVJ
ZVK
ZVL
ZVM
ZVN
ZVO
ZVP
ZVQ This message, relating to a warning, an alert,
distress, or an emergency, is authorized to be
relayed via the facilities of your network
without prior arrangement.
ZVR Retransmit this message (or message...) at
once to all subordinate stations.
ZVS
ZVT
ZVU
ZVV
ZVW
ZVX
ZVY
ZVZ
ZWA
ZWB Indicate name of...
1) Operator on watch;
2) Senior rating on watch;
3) Operator who transmitted last message (or
message...)).
NOTE: This signal is authorized for use in
connection with operator training only; it may
not be used for any other purpose.
ZWC The following is to be taken as applying to
personnel on watch only.
ZWD Carry out communication...(visual exercise
number...at...senior officer (or...) is to conduct.
ZWE Voluntary exercise (number...) may be carried
out now (or at...).
ZWF Incorrect.
ZWG You are correct.
ZWH Try again.
ZWI Answer last question (or question ...).
ZWJ Stations are to answer...taking the following
duties...A,...B,...C...etc.
ZWK Following is answer to the last question (or
question...).
2B - 32
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZWL No forwarding action to the designation(s)

immediately following is required.
ZWM Correct answer to last question (or question...)
is...(or will be found in...).
ZWN Correct version of the part of the last message
(or message...) which was sent incorrectly is...
(or will be found in...).
ZWO Following message (or question, or exercise is
for the exercise of...(1. Junior operators;
2. Senior operators; 3. Ratings on watch).
ZWP A junior operator is to carry out ...
(1. A standard flashing exercise;
2. A standard semaphore exercise;
3. A standard radio-telegraphy transmitting
exercise; 4. A standard radiotelegraphy
receiving exercise).
ZWQ
ZWR
ZWS
ZWT
ZWU
ZWV
ZWW
ZWX
ZWY
ZWZ
ZXA The following group is a call sign, delivery
group or address group. (Used in plain
language texts of messages other than
procedure messages.)
ZXB Station(s) to whom this message is routed
obtain a complete copy of this interrupted
transmission by addressing a service message
to the originating station.
ZXC This transmission has been interrupted. A
retransmission will follow without request.
(Must be followed immediately by valid end of
message sequence).
ZXD This message is to be delivered to the
addressee(s) in tape form.
ZXE Reserved for future use by NACOSA/ISSC.
2B - 33
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZXF 1. For peacetime operations: This message

has been generated/mediated by a COSMIC
TOP SECRET ATOMAL System High SCARS
II System. The Maximum security
classification authorized without off-line
encryption released from SCARS II into the
NICS TARE network is NATO SECRET.
ATOMAL information at any security
classification level released into the NICS
TARE network requires also off line
encryption.
2. For TTW/Wartime operations after
authorization from Operational Commander:
This message has been generated/mediated by
a COSMIC TOP SECRET ATOMAL SYSTEM
HIGH SCARS II SYSTEM
ZXG This MSG has been generated/mediated by a
NATO CONFIDENTIAL System High
automated data processing system.
ZXH This MSG has been generated/mediated by a
NATO SECRET System High automated data
processing system.
ZXI This critical SCARS II MSG should be given
precedence over other Flash messages.
Note: Signals listed are reserved for use by
NACOSA
ZXJ
ZXK Station called relay this message (or
message...) to...in addition to predetermined
responsibilities.
ZXL
ZXM
ZXN
ZXO Request you obtain retransmission of
messages...from station...
ZXP I have for you...(1. A request for direct air
support; 2. A reply to a support request;
precedence is...).
ZXQ I have for you...(1. A request for tactical
reconnaissance; 2. A request for photographic
reconnaissance; 3. A request for artillery
reconnaissance. Precedence is...).
ZXR Intensive flag signaling will take place shortly
(or in... minutes).
2B - 34
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZXS Message which follows is to be handled by...

1) Officer Emergency Cryptographic team;
2) Ratings Emergency Cryptographic team;
3) Senior Communications Rating;
4) Junior Communications Rating;
5) Coder (Educational)).
ZXT This message is not to be transmitted by
radiotelegraph or radiotelephone in any form
over part of its route.
ZXU
ZXV
ZXW This message has been delivered to all action
addressees whose designations follow this
operating signal.
ZXX This message has been delivered to all
information addressees whose designations
follow this operating signal.
ZXY Transmit this message to the addressee(s)
indicated by the numeral(s) following... All
addressees are to be counted consecutively as
they appear (numbers to be separated by the
Separative Sign).
ZXZ
2B - 35
(Reverse Blank)
ACP131(E)
CHAPTER 3
SECTION A
ENCODE
SEARCH AND RESCUE
KEY QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER SIGNAL
ALIGHT Are you going to alight (or land) I am going to alight (or land) QTP
or or
Are you going to enter dock (or I am going to enter dock (or port).
port)?
Will you be forced to alight (or I am forced to alight (or land) QUG
land)? immediately.
or
I will be forced to alight (or land)
at... (position or place) at...hours.
AREA Are you in the search area I am in the...(designation) search QUW
designated as...(designator or area.
latitude and longitude)?
CONDITION What is the condition of Survivors are in... condition and QTW
survivors? urgently need...
CONTINUING Are you continuing the search? I am continuing the search QTZ
for...(aircraft, ship, survival craft,
survivors or wreckage).
DISTRESS Have you received the distress I have received the distress signal QUF
signal sent by... (call sign of sent by... (call sign of mobile
mobile station)? station) at...hours.
May I resume normal working? Normal working may be resumed. QUM
May I resume restricted Distress phase still in force; QUZ
working? restricted working may be
resumed.
DOCTOR Have you a doctor on board (or is I have a doctor on board (or... QSQ
...(name of person) on board)? (name of person is on board).
DRIFT What is the estimated drift of the The estimated drift of the survival QSE
survival craft? craft is... (figures and units).
ENDURANCE How much fuel have you Fuel remaining is...(hours and/ or QBD
remaining (expressed as hours minutes of consumption).
and/or minutes of consumption)?
HOMING Fly for...minutes on a magnetic QGU
heading of... degrees.
Shall I home ship or aircraft to Home ship or aircraft... (call QUU
my position? sign)... 1) to your position by
transmitting your call sign and
long dashes on...kHz (or MHz).
2) by transmitting on...kHz(or
MHz) TRUE track to reach you.
IFF IFF switched ON in distress ZPN
position.
3A - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE

LIGHTS Are your navigation lights My navigation lights are working. QUI
working?
Shall I train my searchlight Please train your search light on a QUQ
nearly vertical on a cloud, cloud, occulting if possible and, if
occulting if possible and, if your my air craft is seen or heard,
aircraft is seen or heard, deflect deflect the beam up wind and on
the beam up wind and on the the water (or land) to facilitate my
water (or land) to facilitate your landing.
landing?
MARKING Will you indicate your position My position is indicated by... QUP
by...
1) searchlight? 1) searchlight.
2) black smoke trail? 2) black smoke trail.
3) pyrotechnic light? 3) pyrotechnic lights trail
Is position of incident marked? Position of incident is marked QUT
(by...).
2) sea marker.
3) sea marker dye
NEWS OF Have you news of...(call sign)? Here is news of...(call sign). QUA
POSITION Is position of survival craft Position of survival craft was QUY
marked? marked at...hours by...
2) sea marker.
3) sea marker dye.
POSITION Have you received the signals of I have received the signals an of an QOK
INDICATING emergency position indicating emergency position indicating radio
radio beacons...kHz (or MHz)? beacons on...kHz (or MHz).
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
POSITION Will you listen on...kHz (or MHz) I am listening on...kHz (or MHz) QOJ
INDICATING signals for emergency position for signals of emergency
RADIOBEACON indicating radio beacons? position-indicating radio beacons
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
PROCEED(ING) Are you proceeding to the position I am proceeding to the position of QTY
of incident and if so when do you incident and expect to arrive
expect to arrive? at...hours(on...date).
RELIEF May I be relieved (at...hours)? You may expect to be relieved QKF
at...hours (by..
1) aircraft... (identification)
(type...).
2) vessel whose call sign is...(call
sign) (and/or whose name
is...(name)).
Will relief take place when... Relief will take place when QKG
(identification) establishes... (identification) establishes...
1) visual. 1) visual.
2) communications, 2) communications,
contact with survivors? contact with survivors.
3A - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE

RESCUE Have you effected rescue? I have effected rescue and am QSF
proceeding to...base (with... persons
injured requiring ambulance).
What has the rescue vessel or ...(identification) has recovered... QTD
rescue aircraft recovered? 1) ...(number) survivors.
2) wreckage.
3) ...(number) bodies.
Have survivors... Survivors... QUR
1) received survival equipment? 1) are in possession of survival
equipment dropped by...
2) been picked up by rescue 2) have been picked up by rescue
vessel? vessel.
3) been reached by ground 3) have been reached by ground
rescue party? rescue party.
SEA The sea conditions (at... position)... QKC
CONDITIONS 1) permit alighting but not
take-off.
2) render alighting extremely
hazardous.
SEARCH Report details of the parallel The parallel sweep (track) search is QKH
sweep (track) search being (or to being (or to be) conducted...
be) conducted? 1) with direction of sweeps...
or degrees...(true or magnetic).
In the parallel sweep (track) 2) with...(distance figures and
search being (or to be) conducted, units) separation between
what is (are)... sweeps.
1) the direction of sweeps. 3) at a height of... (figures)
2) the separation between above...(datum).
sweeps.
3) the height above the datum,
employed in the search
pattern?
What other units are (or will be) In the operation (... (identification)), QKO
taking part in the operation (... the following units are (or will be)
(identification of operation))? taking part... (name and units).
or
...(name) unit is taking part in
operation (...(identification)) (with
effect from...hours).
3A - 3
ACP131(E)
ENCODE

SEARCH (Cont’d) Which pattern of search is being The search pattern is... QKP
followed? 1) parallel sweep.
2) square search.
3) creeping line ahead.
4) track crawl.
5) contour search
6) combined search by aircraft
and ship.
7) ...(specify).
Shall I search for... Please search for... QUO
1) aircraft, 1) aircraft,
2) ship, 2) ship,
3) survival craft, in the vicinity 3) survival craft, in the vicinity
of...latitude... longitude (or of...latitude... longitude (or
according to any other according to any other
indication)? indication).
SIGHTING Have you sighted survivors or Have sighted... QUS
wreckage? If so, in what position? 1) survivors in water.
2) survivors on rafts.
3) wreckage.
in position...latitude (or according
to any other...long indication).
URGENCY Have you received the urgency I have received the urgency signal QUD
signal sent by... (call sign of sent by...(call sign of mobile
station) at...hours. mobile station)?
3A - 4
ACP 131(E)
SECTION B
ENCODE
RADIO NAVIGATION
BEARINGS Do you intend to ask me for a I intend to ask you for a series of QDL
series of bearings? bearings.
BEARINGS, Will you indicate the MAGNETIC The MAGNETIC heading for you to QDM
MAGNETIC heading for me to steer towards steer to reach me (or...) with no
you (or...) with no wind? wind was ...degrees (at...hours).
What is my MAGNETIC bearing Your MAGNETIC bearing from me QDR
from you (or from...)? (or from...) was...degrees
(at...hours).
BEARINGS, What is my TRUE bearing from Your TRUE bearing from me QTE
TRUE you? is...degrees (at...hours).
or or
What is my TRUE bearing The TRUE bearing of... (call sign)
from... (call sign)? was... degrees (at... hours).
or or
What is the TRUE bearing of... The TRUE bearing of... (call sign)
(call sign) from...(call sign)? from... (call sign) was... degrees
at...hours.
HEADING, Will you indicate the MAGNETIC The MAGNETIC heading for you to QDM
MAGNETIC heading from me to steer towards steer to reach me (or...) with no
you (or...) with no wind? wind was...degrees (at...hours).
HEADING, Will you indicate the TRUE track The TRUE track to reach me (or...) QUJ
TRUE to reach you (or...)? is...degrees at... hours.
HOLD You are... (1. To maintain height ZSI
of...feet and report over... (call sign)
range station; 2. To hold on... leg of
the beam... (call sign) range station
at height ...feet).
HOMING Am I overhead? You are overhead. QFG
Do you see me? I see you at... (cardinal or QGV
quandrantal point of direction
or or
Can you see the aerodrome? I can see the aerodrome.
or or
Can you see... (aircraft). I see... (aircraft).
Are you able to home on your DF I am able to home on my DF QSH
equipment? equipment (on station...).
3B - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
HOMING Will vessels in my immediate My position, TRUE course and QUN

(Cont’d) vicinity (or in the vicinity of... speed are...
latitude.... longitude) (or of...)
please indicate their position, Aeronautical Notes:
TRUE course and speed? a) All stations of the international
Aeronautical Notes: aeronautical telecommunication
a) All stations of the inter- service will interpret this signal (in
national aeronautical part) as referring to TRUE TRACK.
telecommunication service will b) English-speaking stations of the
interpret this signal (in part) as maritime mobile service may
referring to TRUE TRACK. interpret this signal (in part) as
b. English-speaking stations of referring to TRUE HEADING.
the maritime mobile service may When communicating with such
interpret this signal (in part) as stations it is recommended that
referring to TRUE HEADING. supplementary use be made of the
When communicating with such signal QTI to avoid any
stations it is recommended that misunderstanding.
supplementary use be made of
the signal QTI to avoid any
misunderstanding.
Shall I home ship or aircraft to Home ship or aircraft... QUU
my position? 1) ... (call sign) to your position by
transmitting your call sign and
* Aeronautical Note: long dashes on ...kHz (or Mhz).
Stations of the international 2) ... (call sign) by transmitting
aeronautical telecommunication on... kHz (or MHz) ....courses* to
service will interpret "course" to steer to reach you.
be “headings".
Will you send your call sign and I am about to send my call sign and ZMI
dashes of five-seconds duration at dashes of five seconds duration at
intervals in order that I (or...) intervals in order that you (or...)
may home on you? may home on me.
Change over to loop direction ZMN
finding on...kHz (or MHz) (and
home on transmissions made by...).
POSITION Aircraft plotted (believed be you) in QKN
position...on track...degrees
at...hours.
Will you give me the position of The position of your station QTF
my station according to the according to the bearings taken by
bearings taken by the direction the direction-finding stations which
finding stations which you I control was...latitude...longitude,
control? class...at...hours.
Aeronautical Note: In the
aeronautical direction finding
service any other indication of
position may be used.
3B - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
POSITION What is your position in latitude My position is...latitude ...longitude QTH

(Cont’d) and longitude (or according to (or according to any other
any other indication)? indication).
PROCEDURE Will you send two dashes of ten I am going to send two dashes of QTG
seconds each followed by your call ten seconds each followed by my
sign (repeated .. times) call sign (repeated times) (or... kHz
(on...kHz(or MHz))? (or MHz)).
or or
Will you request...to send two I have requested...to send two
dashes of ten seconds followed by dashes of ten seconds followed by
his call sign (repeated...times) his call sign (repeated...times)
on... kHz (or MHz)? on...kHz (or MHz).
Am I to carry out the procedure You are to carry out the procedure ZQD
appropriate to the use of the appropriate to the use of the
...(facility)? ...(facility).
STATION What is my distance to your Your distance to my station (or QGE
DISTANCE station (or to...)? to...) is... (distance figures and
units).
Note: This signal is normally used
in conjunction with one of the
signals QDM, QDR, QTE or QUJ.
How far approximately are you The approximate distance between QRB
from my station? our stations is ... nautical miles
(or...kilometers).
STEER Steer...degrees for 2 minutes if ZML
possible and send call sign and long
dashes while you are so doing.
What is the Grid Course for me The Grid Course for you to steer to ZMV
to steer to reach you (or...)? reach me (or...) is...degrees at
...hours.
3B - 3
(Reverse Blank)
ACP 131(E)
SECTION C
ENCODE
DIRECTION FINDING
BEARINGS Do you intend to ask me for a I intend to ask you for a series of QDL
series of bearings? bearings.
What was bearing of unknown Bearing of unknown station (or ZMA
station (or station using call sign station using call sign...) was ...
...) at... (time (on...kHz (or (at...time) class... (on...kHz (or
MHz))? MHz).
Bearing of you (or of...) was ... ZMB
(class...) from me (or from...) at...
(time).
Bearing of station which answered ZMC
message (or transmission) from...
was... (at... (time)) class...(on...kHz
(or MHz)).
1. Your bearing appears to be ZMD
between...degrees and... degrees,
and sense indicates you are to the
...(direction) of this station; 2. Your
bearing is changing rapidly.
Pass in direction finding ZME
bearing(of...) obtained on...kHz (or
MHz) (or between...and... kHz (or
MHz).
Will you endeavour to obtain a Bearing of station now ZMF
direction finding bearing of transmitting (or of...) (on...kHz (or
station now transmitting (or of...) MHz)) was...(class...) sense
(on...kHz (or MHz))? determined at...
This bearing (course or position) is ZMG
unreliable. Error in excess of class
C Bearing (or position) may
amount...degrees or miles).
Check... (1. Correctness of last ZMJ
QDR; 2. Sense of last QDR;
3. Correctness of last QDM;
4. Sense of last QDM).
Cannot determine your (or...'s... (1. ZMK
Position; 2. Bearing).
Increase height to enable more ZMM
accurate bearing to be completed.
BEARINGS, What is my MAGNETIC bearing Your MAGNETIC bearing from me QDR
MAGNETIC from you (or from…)? (or from...) was... degrees
(at...hours).
3C - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
BEARINGS, What is my TRUE bearing from Your TRUE bearing from me is... QTE
TRUE you? degrees (at...hours).
or or
What is my TRUE bearing Your TRUE bearing from... (call
from... (call sign)? sign) was...degrees (at... hours).
or or
What is the TRUE bearing The TRUE bearing of... (call sign)
of...(call sign) from... (call sign)? from... (call sign) was... degrees
at...hours.
DISTANCE What is my distance to (or to...) Your distance to my station is... QGE
your station (or to...)? (distance figures and units).
Note: This signal is normally used
in conjunction with one of the
signals QDM, QDR, QTE or QUJ.
from my station? our stations is... nautical miles
(or...kilometers).
GUARD Take over direction finding guard ZMR
as previously ordered (on...kHz (or
MHz)) (from... to... kHz (or MHz)).
HOMING Change over to loop direction ZMN
finding on...kHz (or MHz) (and
home on transmissions made by...).
LISTEN Will you send two dashes of ten I am going to send two dashes of QTG
seconds each followed by your call ten seconds each followed by my
sign (repeated...times) (on...kHz call sign (repeated... times)
or MHz))? (on...kHz (or MHz)).
or or
Will you request...to send two I have requested...to send two
dashes of ten seconds followed by dashes of ten seconds followed by
his call sign (repeated... times) his call sign (repeated... times)
on...kHz (or MHz)? on...kHz (or MHz).
...(1. Listen (for...) on direction ZMU
finding on ...kHz, (or MHz) (or
between...and... kHz (or MHz));
2. Shift to direction finding
frequency...and listen for call
sign...).
POSITION Will you give me the position of The position of your station QTF
my station according to the according to the bearings taken by
bearings taken by the D/F the D/F stations which I control
stations which you control? was... latitude...longitude (or other
indication of position),
class...at...hours.
What is your position in latitude My position is... latitude... QTH
and longitude (or according to longitude (or according to any other
3C - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
POSITION What is my position by direction Your position by direction finding ZMO

(Cont’d) finding bearing from nearest cross bearings from nearest
landmark (or from...)? landmark (or from ...) is...(class...)
at.. (hours)
Endeavor to plot position from ZMP
bearings taken on station(s) now
transmitting (or of...) (on...kHz (or
MHz)).
Cannot determine your position, ZMQ
you are in line or nearly in line
with direction finding station
baseline.
PROCEDURE Surface craft using call sign... ZMH
cooperating. Change to... kHz (or
MHz) and follow direction finding
procedure when called.
Carry out short direction finding ZMS
procedure (as locally prescribed).
SENSE Sense determination unreliable, ZMT
bearing may be reciprocal.
3C - 3
(Reverse Blank)
ACP 131(E)
SECTION D
ENCODE
AERONAUTICAL AND SEA OPERATIONS
AERIAL I am about to wind in my aerial. QBE

I am working on trailing aerial. QCY
or
Work on trailing aerial
APPROACH Will you inform me when you are I am on... QHE
on... leg of approach? 1) cross-wind leg
2) down-wind leg
3) base leg
4) final leg
of approach
May I make a... approach (at... You may make a... approach QHQ
(place)? (at...(place)).
or or
Are you making an... approach? I am making an... approach.
May I make an approach using You may approach using the ZSG
the facility indicated? facility indicated.
ARRIVAL Arrange your flight in order to QAG
arrive over... (place) at...hours.
or
I am arranging my flight in order
to arrive over... (place) at...hours.
What is your estimated time of My estimated time of arrival at... QRE
arrival at... is...hours. (or over...) (or over...) (place)
(place)?
BEACON 1) Is the... visual beacon (at... 1) The...visual beacon (at... (place)) QFD
(place)) in operation? is in operation.
2) Will you switch on the... 2) I will switch on the... visual
visual beacon (at...(place))? beacon (at...(place)).
3) Will you extinguish the 3) I will extinguish the aerodrome
aerodrome visual beacon (at... visual beacon (at... (place)) until
(place)) until I have landed? your landing is completed.
CARGO VESSEL Are you a cargo vessel? I am a cargo vessel. QSC
CIRCUIT Is a right hand circuit in force A right-hand circuit is in force at... QES
at... (place)? (place).
CLEARANCE May I have clearance (for...) You are cleared (or... is cleared) QAB
from... (place and/or control) to... by...from...(place and/or control
(place and/or control) at... (figures to...(place and/or control) at...
and units) height above (datum)? (figures and units) height above ...
(datum).
When may I expect approach Expect approach clearance at... QCE
clearance? hours.
or
No delay expected.
3D - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
CLEARANCE Delay indefinite. Expect approach QCF

(Cont’d) clearance not later than ...hours.
May I be cleared to land (at... You are cleared to land (at... QGN
(place))? (place)).
May I enter traffic circuit at... Cleared to enter traffic circuit QHG
(figures and units) height at...(figures and units) height
above...(datum)? above... (datum).
CLOUD Are you flying in cloud? I am flying in cloud at... (figures QBF
and units) height above... (datum)
(and I am ascending (descending)
to... (figures and units) height
above that datum)
Are you flying above cloud? I am flying above cloud and QBG
at...(figures and units) height
above...(datum).
or
Maintain a vertical distance of...
(figures and units) above cloud,
smoke, haze or fog levels.
Are you flying below cloud? I am flying below cloud and at... QBH
(figures and units) height
above...(datum).
or
Maintain a vertical distance of...
(figures and units) below cloud.
Are you flying with no cloud in I am flying with no cloud in my QBK
your vicinity? vicinity and at...(figures and units)
height above... (datum).
Are you flying between two layers I am flying between two layers of QBN
of cloud? cloud and... (figures and units)
height above...(datum)
Are you flying in and out of I am flying in and out of cloud and QBP
cloud? at...(figures and units) height
above...(datum).
Report your flying conditions in The reply to QBZ IMI is given by QBZ
relation to clouds. the appropriate answer form of
signals QBF, QBG, QBH, QBK,
QBN and QBP.
COLLISION Is there any risk of collision? There is risk of collision. QAK
Note: This signal should be followed
by appropriate Q signals or ICAO
approved abbreviations giving
instructions for avoiding collision.
3D - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
COMMUNI- Are you experiencing I am experiencing communication QAZ

CATION communication difficulties difficulties through flying in a
through flying in a storm? storm.
Note: Attention is invited to the
possible supplementary use of
signals QAR, QBE, QCS, QRM,
QRN, QRX, QSZ or the signal CL
to amplify the meaning associated
with signal QAZ.
Have you anything for me? I have nothing for you. QRU
Can you communicate by I can communicate by QOA
radiotelegraphy (500 kHz)? radiotelegraphy (500 kHz).
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
Can you communicate by I can communicate by QOB
radiotelephony (2182 kHz)? radiotelephony (2182 kHz)
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
Can you communicate by I can communicate by QOC
radiotelephony (channel 16 - radiotelephony (channel 16 -
Frequency 156.80 MHz) Frequency 156.80 Mhz).
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
Can you communicate with me I can communicate with you in... QOD
in... 0) Dutch 5) Italian
0) Dutch 5) Italian 1) English 6) Japanese
1) English 6) Japanese 2) French 7) Norwegian
2) French 7) Norwegian 3) German 8) Russian
3) German 8) Russian 4) Greek 9) Spanish
4) Greek 9) Spanish (MARITIME USE ONLY)
CONTROL Will you accept control (or I will accept control (or QDP
responsibility) of (for) ...now (or responsibility) of (for) ...now (or
at...hours)? at...hours).
DEPARTURE At what time did you depart at... I departed from...(place) QTN
hours from...(place)?
Are you airborne? I am airborne QTO
or or
Have you left dock (or port)? I have left dock (or port).
Are you (or is...) ... I am (or...is) ...at...(time) ZQC
1) Airborne; 1) Airborne;
2) Waterborne; 2) Waterborne;
3) On land.? 3) On land.
DESTINATION May I have clearance (for...) You are cleared (or...is cleared) QAB
from... (place and/or control) to... by...from... (place and/or control)
(place and/ or control) at... to...(place and/or control)
(figures and units) height above... at...(figures and units) height
(datum)? above...(datum).
Are you going to land at... I am going to land at.. (place). QAL
(place)? or
or (You may) land at...(place).
Has aircraft...landed at... (place)? or
(See also signal QTP). Aircraft...landed at...(place). (see
also signal QTP).
3D - 3
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
DESTINATION Where are you bound and where I am bound for...from.. QRD
(Cont’d) are you from?
DOCKING Are you going to alight (or land)? I am going to alight (or land). QTP
or or
Are you going to enter dock (or I am going to enter dock (or port).
port)?
DOCTOR Have you a doctor on board (or is I have a doctor on board (or... QSQ
...(name of person) on board)? (name of person) is on board).
FACILITY Will you give me the latest The latest information concerning QFP
information concerning... facility ...facility (at... (place)) is as
(at... (place))? follows...
Note: The information is given by
sending appropriate NOTAM Code
groups.
I am not equipped to give the QNO
information (or provide the facility
requested.
FLIGHT Are you flying in cloud? I am flying in cloud at... (figures QBF
CONDITIONS and units) height above... (datum)
(and I am ascending (descending)
to... (figures and units) height
above the datum).
Report your flying conditions in The reply to QBZ IMI is given by QBZ
relation to clouds. the appropriate answer form of
signals QBF, QBG, QBH, QBK,
QBN and QBP.
Are you flying in visual I am flying in visual meteorological QDT
meteorological conditions? conditions.
or
Fly at all times in visual
meteorological conditions.
Are you flying in a horizontal I am flying in a horizontal visibility QDV
visibility of less than... (figures of less than... (figures and units)
and units)? at... (figures and units) height
above...(datum).
FLIGHT RULES Is flight under IFR compulsory Flight under IFR is compulsory QBI
at...(place) (or from... to...(place))? at...(place) (or from...to... (place)).
What is the nearest aerodrome at Flying under VFR is permissible QBO
which flight under VFR is at...(place) which would be suitable
permissible and which would be for your landing.
suitable for my landing?
Cancel my IFR flight plan. QDU
FUEL I am about to jettison fuel. QAU
How much fuel have you Fuel remaining is...(hours and/ or QBD
remaining (expressed as hours minutes of consumption).
and/or minutes of consumption)?
3D - 4
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
GLIDER Do you have glider in tow? 1) We have glider in tow; ZSE

2 ) We are forced to release glider
at (approximate position).
HEADING Fly for...minutes on a heading that QGT
will enable you to maintain a track
reciprocal to your present one.
Fly for...minutes on a magnetic QGU
heading of...degrees.
What is your heading? My TRUE heading is...degrees QTL
What is your MAGNETIC My MAGNETIC heading is... QTM
heading? degrees.
HEIGHT What is your height above... I am at...(figures and units) height QAH
ALTITUDE (datum)? above...(datum).
Note: An aircraft is permitted to
reply to QAH IMI by using any of
the answer forms of signals QBF,
QBG, QBH, QBK, QBN or QBP. In
such cases the signal QAH is
omitted from the reply.
or
Arrange your flight so as to
reach...(figures and units) height
above...(datum) at... (hours or
place).
Ascend (or descend) to.. (figures and QBS
units) height above... (datum)
before encountering instrument
meteorological conditions or if
visibility falls below... (figures and
units of distance) and advise.
Have you reached the...(figures I have reached the...(figures and QBV
and units) height above... units) height above... (datum)
(datum) (or...(area or place))? (or...(area or place)).
or
Report reaching the...(figures and
units) height above... (datum) (or...
(area or place)).
Have you left the... (figures and I have left the... (figures and units) QBX
units) height above...(datum) height above... (datum) (or... (area
(or...(area or place))? or place)).
or
Report leaving the... (figures and
units) height above... (datum) (or...
(area or place)).
3D - 5
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
HEIGHT May I change from...(figures and You may change from..(figures and QCA
ALTITUDE units) to...(figures and units) units) to...(figures and units) height
(Cont’d) height above ...(datum)? above...(datum).
or
I am changing from...(figures and
units) to...(figures and units) height
above...(datum).
May I descend below the clouds? You may descend below the clouds. QFH
What height above...(datum)... 1) Maintain (or fly at)... (figures QFM
1) should I maintain? and units) height above…(datum).
2) are you maintaining 2) I am maintaining...(figures and
3) do you intend cruising at? units) height above...(datum).
3) I intend cruising at... (figures
and units) height above... (datum).
What is your desired rate of My desired rate of descend is... ZQE
descent expressed in hundreds of hundreds of feet per minute.
feet per minute?
May I ascend to... (height)? You may ascend to...(height). ZSA
May I descend to... (height)? You may descend to...(height). ZSB
You are...(1. To maintain height ZSI
of...feet and report over...(call sign)
range station; 2. To hold on...leg of
the beam...(call sign) range station
at height...feet).
HOLD Shall I hold my position? Hold your position QEN
May I hold at... (place)? Hold at...(place) at... (figures and QGQ
units) height above... (datum) and
await orders.
Hold on...direction of... facility. QGZ
You are...(1. To maintain height ZSI
of...feet and report over...(call sign)
range station; 2. To hold on...leg of
the beam...(call sign) range station
at height...feet.).
IFF Switch ON IFF. ZSC
IFF switched OFF. ZSD
Switch off...(1. IFF; 2. IFF sets for ZSF
10 minutes in area denoted except
for ships whose call signs follow).
LANDING May I land immediately? You may land immediately. QFO
May I land using... (procedure or You may land using... (procedure or QGH
facility)? facility).
Landing is prohibited at... (place). QGO
What is my number for landing? You are number...to land. QGP
3D - 6
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
LANDING Are you making an emergency I am making an emergency QHH

(Cont’d) landing? landing.
or
Emergency landing being made
at...(place). All aircraft below
...(figures and units) height
above...(datum) and within a
distance of... (figures and units)
leave...(place or headings).
Are you going to alight (or land)? I am going to alight (or land). QTP
or
Are you going to enter dock (or or
port)? I am going to enter dock(or port).
Will you be forced to alight (or I am forced to alight (or land) QUG
land)? immediately.
or
I will be forced to alight (or land)
at...(position or place) at...hours.
What is the magnetic direction in The magnetic direction in which ZQB
which landing is to be made? landing is to be made is ... degrees.
LANDING GEAR Does my landing gear appear Your landing gear appears QFR
damaged? damaged.
Does my landing gear appear to Your landing gear appears to be QGW
be down and in place? down and in place.
LANDING What is the condition of the The condition of the landing surface QEM
SURFACE landing surface at...(place)? at...(place) is...
Note: The information is given by
sending appropriate NOTAM Code
groups.
LIGHTING The... 1) approach QFB
2) runway
3) approach and runway lights
... are out of order.
Are the aerodrome lights lit? The aerodrome lights are lit. QFI
or
Please light the aerodrome lights.
Are the approach and runway The approach and runway lights QFQ
lights lit? are lit.
or
Please light the approach and
runway lights.
Are the floodlights switched on? The floodlights are switched on. QFV
or
Please switch on the floodlights.
I am not equipped to give the QNO
information (or provide the facility)
requested.
3D - 7
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
LIGHTING Are your navigation lights My navigation lights are working. QUI
(Cont’d) working?
Shall I train my searchlight Please train your searchlight on a QUQ
nearly vertical on a cloud, cloud, occulting if possible and, if
occulting if possible and, if your my aircraft is seen or heard, deflect
aircraft is seen or heard, deflect the beam up wind and on the water
the beam up wind and on the (or land) to facilitate my landing.
water (or land) to facilitate your
landing?
The landing lights at the ZQA
aerodrome (or at the aerodrome at
...) are out of order.
OBSTRUCTION There are obstructions to the... of QGC
runway...
Are there on my track any There are obstructions on your QGD
obstructions whose elevation track...(figures and units) height
equals or exceeds my altitude? above...(datum).
OVERSHOOT I am about to carry out overshoot QAW
PROCEDURES procedure.
PARKING Have I reached my parking area? You have reached your parking QEF
or area.
Have you reached your parking or
area? I have reached my parking area.
May I leave the parking area? You may leave the parking area QEG
or or
Have you left the parking area? I have left the parking area.
POSITION Will you advise me when you are I am (was) at (over)...(place) (at... QAF
(were) at (over) ...(place)? hours) (at...(figures and units)
Will you advise me when you I passed...(place) bearing... degrees QAY
pass (passed)...(place) bearing 090 relative to my heading at...hours.
(270) degrees relative to your
heading?
Shall I hold my position? Hold your position. QEN
Are you (or is...) I am (or...is)... QHI
1) waterborne? 1) waterborne) at...hours.
2) on land? 2) on land.
Aircraft plotted (believed to be you) QKN
in position...on track... degrees
at...hours.
I am approaching my point of no QNR
return.
from my station? our stations is... nautical miles
(or...kilometers).
What is your position in My position is...latitude... longitude QTH
latitude/longitude (or according to (or according to any other
3D - 8
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
POSITION What was your time over last My time over last compulsory ZVB
(Cont’d) compulsory reporting point, and reporting point was ...and my ETA
ETA at next compulsory at next compulsory reporting point
reporting point? is...
PRESSURE What should I set on the If you set the sub-scale of your QNH
sub-scale of my altimeter so that altimeter to read .... millibars (or
the instrument would indicate hundredths of an inch*), the
my elevation if I were on the instrument would indicate your
ground at your station? elevation if you were on the ground
at my station at...hours.
*Note: When the setting is given in
hundredths of an inch the
abbreviation "INS"
RETURN I am approaching my point of no QNR
return.
Are you returning to...(place)? I am returning to...(place) QRF
or
Return to...(place).
RUNWAY What is the magnetic direction(or The magnetic direction (or number) QFU
number) of the runway to be of the runway to be used is...
used? Note: The runway number is
indicated by a two-figure group and
the magnetic direction by a
three-figure group.
What is the length of the runway The length of runway...now in use QFW
in use in ...(units)? is...(figures and units).
There are obstructions to the...of QGC
runway...
What is the length in yards of the The length of the runway in use ZQF
runway in use? is...yards.
SAFETY What is the essential traffic? The essential traffic is... QAI
Am I near a prohibited area You are... QAQ
(or...prohibited area)? 1) near
2) flying over
a prohibited area (or... prohibited
area).
Make a 360-degree turn QCI
immediately (turning to the...).
or
I am making a 360-degree turn
immediately (turning to the...).
Shall I circle the aerodrome (or go Circle the aerodrome (or go QHZ
around)? around).
Have you received the safety I have received the safety signal QOE
signal sent by ... (name and/or sent by...(name and/or call sign)
call sign)? (MARITIME USE ONLY)
3D - 9
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
SEE ME Do you see me? I see you at... (cardinal or QGV

quandrantal point of direction).
or or
Can you see the aerodrome? I can see the aerodrome.
or or
Can you see... (aircraft)? I see...(aircraft).
SPEED What is your speed? (Requests My speed is...knots (or... kilometers QTJ
the speed of a ship or aircraft or... statute miles per hour).
through the water or air (Indicates the speed of a ship or
respectively.) aircraft through the water or air
respectively).
What is the speed of your aircraft The speed of my aircraft in relation QTK
in relation to the surface of the to the surface of the earth is...knots
earth? (or...kilometers or...statute miles
per hour).
STEER What is the Grid Course for me The Grid Course for you to steer to ZMV
to steer to reach you (or...)? reach me (or...) is...degrees
at...hours.
TAKE-OFF May I assume position for take Cleared to hold at take-off position QEJ
off? for runway number...
or or
Have you assumed position for I am assuming take-off position for
take-off? runway number...and am holding.
Are you ready for immediate I am ready for immediate take-off. QEK
take-off?
May I take-off (and make a... You are cleared to take-off (turn as QEL
hand turn after take-off)? follows after take off...).
TAXIING May I taxi to... (place)? Cleared to taxi to... (place). (The QCH
place is given in plain language)
May I cross the runway ahead of You may cross the runway ahead of QEA
me? you.
May I turn at the intersection? Taxi as follows at the intersection... QEB
(straight ahead DRT
turn left LEFT
turn right RITE).
May I make a 180 degree turn You may make a 180-degree turn QEC
and return down the runway? and return down the runway.
Shall I follow the pilot vehicle? Follow the pilot vehicle. QED
May I move to the holding Cleared to the holding position for QEH
position for runway number...? runway number...
or or
Have you moved to the holding I have moved to the holding
position for runway number...? position for runway number...
Shall I clear the runway (or Clear the runway (or landing area). QEO
landing area)? or
or I have cleared the runway (or
Have you cleared the runway (or landing area).
landing area)?
3D - 10
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
TRACK What track should I make good? Make good a track from... (place) QGK
on...degrees...(true or magnetic).
or
or I am making good a track from...
What track are you making (place) on...degrees... (true or
good? magnetic).
Fly for...minutes on a heading that QGT
will enable you to maintain a track
reciprocal to your present one.
What is your TRUE track? My TRUE track is...degrees. QTI
TRAFFIC What is the essential traffic? The essential traffic is... QAI
ZONE May I enter the... (control area or You may enter the... (control area QGL
zone) at...(place)? or zone) at...(place).
Leave the...(control area or zone) QGM
3D - 11
(Reverse Blank)
ACP 131(E)
SECTION E
ENCODE
METEOROLOGY
CLOUD What is the amount, type and The amount, type and height above QBB
height above official aerodrome official aerodrome elevation of the
elevation of the base of the cloud base of the cloud at...(place)
(at...(place))? at...hours is: ...eighths (...type)
at...(figures and units)* height
above official aerodrome elevation.
*Note: The cloud amount, type (if reported and vertical distance information is reported in sequence if
several cloud layers are present, the order of reporting being from low to high levels in accordance with
the following cloud layer specifications:
a) the lowest individual layer of any amount;
b) the next higher individual layer the amount of which is three-eighths or more (to the nearest eighth);
c) the next higher individual layer the amount of which is five-eighths or more (to the nearest eighth).
Example: - QBB CYUL 1300 2 300 FT 3 1500 FT 6 9000 FT =
CLOUD (Cont’d) What is the amount, type and At...hours at...(position or zone) the QBJ
height above...(datum) of the top top of the cloud is: amount...
of the cloud (at... (position or eighths (...type) at... (figures and
zone))? units) height above...(datum).
What is the amount, the type and At...(place, position or zone) the QFC
the height above...(datum) of the base of the cloud is... eighths... type
base of the cloud at... (place, at...(figures and units) height
position or zone)? above...(datum).
Note: If several cloud layers or
masses are present, the lowest is
reported first.
Report the vertical distribution of The vertical distribution of cloud as QMI
cloud (at... (position or zone)) as observed from my aircraft at...
observed from your aircraft. hours at ... (position or zone) is:
lowest layer observed *... eighths
(...type) with base of...(figures and
units) and tops of...(figures and
units) (*and similarly in sequence
for each of the layers observed.)
Example: = QMI 1400 11 2
CU 1000 FT 2500 FT 6 SC
6000 FT 10000 FT 5 AC
13000 FT 14000 FT ALT=
3E - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
CONDITIONS Report meteorological conditions The meteorological conditions as QBC

as observed from your aircraft observed from my aircraft
(at... (position or zone)) (at... at...(position or zone) at... hours
hours). at...(figures and units) height
above...(datum) are...
Note: The information may be
given in AIREP, or Q Code form.
When given in Q Code, the
following sequence of Q signal
answer (or advice) forms is used:
QMX, QNY, QAO, QDF, QMI, QFT
and QNI.
Please report the present The present meteorological landing QFY
meteorological landing conditions conditions at..(place) are..
(at... (place)). Note: When given in Q Code the
information is sent in the following
sequence: QAN, QBA, QNY, QBB,
QNH and/or QFE and, if necessary,
QMU, QNT, QBJ. It is not
normally necessary to precede the
QAN, QBA, QNY and QBB
information by these Q signals but
this may be done if considered
desirable.
DELIVERY If more than one tropical wind ZPU
warning message in this sequence
is awaiting transmission, transmit
highest serial number first.
(Sequence/serial is under-stood to
include tropical warning name or
number and consecutive warning
number).
If the earlier wind warnings ZPV
identified by DTG(s) following this
signal are awaiting transmission,
file those warnings without further
transmission.
This message canceled at time ZPW
indicated. File without further
transmission.
FORECAST What is the meteorological The meteorological forecast for... QFA
forecast for... (flight, route, (flight, route, section of route or
section of route or zone) for the zone) for the period...hours
period... hours until... hours? until...hours is...
Note: When the forecast is given in
Q Code the following sequence of Q
signal answer (or advice) forms is
to be given: QAO, QMX, QMI,
QNY, QBA, QMW, QFT and QNI.
3E - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
FORECAST What is the aerodrome The aerodrome meteorological QFZ

(Cont’d) meteorological forecast for... forecast for...(place) for the
(place) for the period...hours period...hours until...hours is...
until...hours? Note: When given in Q Code the
following sequence of Q signal
answer (or advice) forms is to be
used: QAN, QBA, QNY, QBB and,
if necessary, QMU, QNT and QBJ.
Have you any amendments to the The following amendment(s) should QMZ
flight forecast in respect of be made to the flight forecast...(If
section of route yet to be no amendments, signal QMZ NIL).
traversed?
Can you give me in the following Here is the information QUB
order information concerning: the requested:... (the units used for
direction in degrees TRUE and speed and distances should be
speed of the surface wind; indicated).
visibility; present weather; and
amount, type and height of base
of cloud above surface
elevation...(place of observation)?
ICE Between what heights above... Ice formation has been observed QFT
(datum) has ice formation been at...(position or zone) in the type
observed (at... (position or zone))? of...and with an accretion rate of...
between...(figures and units) and...
(figures and units) heights above...
(datum).
OBSERVATION What is the latest available Meteorological observation made QAM
meteorological observation for... at...(place) at...hours was as
(place)? follows...
Note: The information may be
given in Q Code form or the AERO
form of the international
meteorological figure code. When in
Q Code, the information is to be
given in the following sequence of Q
signal answer (or advice) forms:
QAN, QBA, QNY, QBB, QNH
and/or QFE and, if necessary,
QMU, QNT and QBJ. It is not
normally necessary to precede the
QAN, QBA, QNY and QBB
information by these Q signals but
this may be done if considered
desirable. When in the AERO form
of international meteorological
figure code, the abbreviation AERO
is to precede the information.
3E - 3
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
PRESENT What is the present weather and The present weather and intensity QNY
WEATHER the intensity thereof at... thereof at...(place, position or zone)
...(place, position or zone)? at...hours is... (See Notes a) and b)).
Notes:
a) When present weather
information is transmitted by a
ground station, the information
shall be selected from the present
weather table (Table III) in
PANSMET (Doc 7605/MET/526). If
none of these conditions prevail the
reply shall be NIL.
b) When present weather
information is transmitted by an
aircraft, the information shall be
selected from Item11, AIREP. If
none of these conditions prevail the
reply shall be QNY NIL or
alternatively the appropriate
answer (or advice) form of signals
QBF, QBG, QBH, QBK, QBN or
QBP. The alternative may also be
given in addition to present
weather conditions when one of
more of the conditions listed in
Item 11 prevail.
PRESSURE What is your D-Value at... My D-Value at...(position) at... QDF
(position)? (figures and units) height above the
1013.2 millibars datum is...
(D-Value figures and units)...*
(specify plus or minus).
or or
What is the D-Value at... (place The D-Value at...(place or position
or position) (at... hours) for the ... at...hours for the... millibar level
millibar level? is...(D-Value figures and units)...
*(specify plus or minus).
*Note: When the true altitude
(radio altitude) is greater than the
pressure altitude PS (Plus) is used
and when it is less MS (Minus) is
used.
(At...(place)) what is the present At...(place) the atmospheric QFE
atmospheric pressure at official pressure at official aerodrome
aerodrome elevation? elevation is (or was observed
at...hours to be)...millibars.
3E - 4
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
PRESSURE (At...(place)) what is the present At...(place) the atmospheric QFF

(Cont’d) atmospheric pressure converted pressure converted to mean sea
to mean sea level in accordance level in accordance with
with meteorological practice? meteorological practice is (or was
determined at...hours to
be)...millibars.
What indication will my On landing at...(place) at...hours, QNE
altimeter give on landing with your subscale being set to
at...(place) at...hours, my 1013.2, millibars(29.92 inches),
subscale being set to 1013.2 your altimeter will indicate...
millibars (29.92 inches)? (figures and units).
What should I set on the If you set the sub-scale of your QNH
sub-scale of my altimeter so that altimeter to read... millibars (or
the instrument would indicate hundredths of an inch*), the
my elevation if I were on the instrument would indicate your
ground at your station? elevation if you were on the ground
at my station at...hours.
*Note: When the setting is given in
hundredths of an inch the
abbreviation "INS" is used to
identify the units.
Will you give me the present The present barometric pressure at QUH
barometric pressure at sea level? sea level is...(units).
Aeronautical Note: Stations of the Aeronautical Note: Stations of the
international aeronautical international aeronautical
telecommunication service will telecommunication service will
interpret this signal as: What is interpret this signal as: The
the present atmospheric pressure present atmospheric pressure at
at the present water level? the present water level at... (place
or position) at...hours is...(figures
and units).
RESPONSI- Will you accept control (or I will accept control (or QDP
BILITY responsibility) of (for)...now (or responsibility) of (for)... now (or
at...hours)? at...hours).
SEA Can you tell me the condition of The sea at...(place or coordinates) QUK
the sea observed at... (place or is...
coordinates)?
the answer, information or advice form by the use of a numbered alternative as given hereunder,
selected according to the average wave height as obtained from the larger well formed waves of the wave
system being observed. If observed height coincides with one of the limits, report the lower numbered
alternative, e.g., waves with a mean maximum height of 4 meters are to be
reported as "5".
See Table on next page:
3E - 5
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
Height
Number Meters Feet (approx.)
0 Calm-glassy 0 0
1 Calm-rippled 0-0.1 0-1/3
2 Smooth wavelets 0.1-0.5 1/3-1 2/3
3 Slight 0.5-1.25 1 2/3-4
4 Moderate 1.25-2.5 4-8
5 Rough 2.5-4 8-13
6 Very rough 4-6 13-20
7 High 6-9 20-30
8 Very high 9-14 30-45
9 Phenomenal Over 14 Over 45
SWELL Can you tell me the swell The swell at...(place or coordinates) QUL
observed at...(place or is...
coordinates)?
the answer, information or advice form by the use of the following numbered alternatives:
Number Length of Swell Height

0 - -
1 Short or average Low
2 Long Low
3 Short Moderate
4 Average Moderate
5 Long Moderate
6 Short Heavy
7 Average Heavy
8 Long Heavy
9 Confused -
Additionally, stations of the international aeronautical telecommunication service may indicate the
direction of swell by the use of the appropriate cardinal or quandrantal point abbreviation
N, NE, E, SE, etc. following the numbered alternate for indicating swell condition. The descriptions in
the above numbered alternative are as follows:
Length of Swell
Short = 0-100 0-300
Average = 100-200 300-600
Long = Over 200 Over 600
Height of Swell
Low = 0-2 0-7
Moderate = 2-4 7-13
Heavy = Over 4 Over 13
When there is no swell, the numbered alternative "0" is used; when the swell is such that the length
and height of the swell waves cannot be determined, the numbered alternative "9" is used.
3E - 6
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
TEMPERATURE At...(position or zone) what is At...(position or zone) the zero QMW

(are) the height(s) above... Celsius isotherm(s) is (are) at...
(datum) of the zero Celsius (figures and units) height(s)
isotherm(s)? above...(datum).
What is the air temperature (at... At...(position or zone) at...hours the QMX
(position or zone)) (at... hours) at air temperature is...(degrees and
the... (figures and units) height units) at... (figures and units)
above...(datum)? height above...(datum).
Note: Aircraft reporting QMX
information will transmit the
temperature figures as corrected for
airspeed.
What is the surface temperature The surface temperature at... QMU
at...(place) and what is the dew (place) at...hours is... degrees and
point temperature at that place? the dew point temperature at that
time and place is...degrees.
TURBULENCE Between what heights above... Turbulence has been observed QNI
(datum) has turbulence been at...(position or zone) with an
observed at...(position or zone)? intensity of...between...(figures and
units) and... (figures and units)
heights above...(datum).
VISIBILITY What is the horizontal visibility The horizontal visibility at... (place) QBA
at...(place)? at...hours is....(distance figures and
units).
How far, along the runway, from At...hours, the observer at the QBT
the approach end, can the threshold of runway number...
observer at the runway threshold could see the runway lights in
see the runway lights which will operation for your landing(at...
be in operation for my landing (place)) for a distance of...(figures
(at... (place))? and units) from the approach end.
Note: If the station inquired of is
not equipped to make the special
observation requested, the reply to
QBT IMI is given by the signal
QNO.
WARNINGS Do you have any navigational I have the following navigational QUX
warnings or gale warnings in warning(s) or gale warning(s) in
force? force...
WEATHER This is a weather controlled ZIK
CONTROLLED message which is not to be
MESSAGE transmitted in the clear over radio
circuits.
Pass this message to the nearest ZOI
(or...) weather central/control.
3E - 7
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
WIND What is the surface wind The surface wind direction and QAN
direction and speed at... (place)? speed at...(place) at...hours
is...(direction) ...speed figures and
units).
Note: Unless otherwise indicated in
the question, answer (or advice),
surface wind direction is given in
degrees relative to MAGNETIC
North.
What is the wind direction in The wind direction and speed at... QAO
degrees TRUE and speed at... (position or zone/s) at the following
(position or zone/s at each of the... heights above... (datum) is:
(figures)... (units) levels ...(vertical distance in figures and
above...(datum)? units) ...degrees TRUE... (speed in
figures and units) (units) ...(vertical
distance in figures and units)
...degrees TRUE...(speed in figures
and units).
What is the maximum gust speed The maximum gust speed of the QNT
of the surface wind at... (place)? surface wind at...(place) at...hours
is...(speed figures and units).
3E - 8
ACP 131(E)
SECTION F
ENCODE
COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT AND CIRCUITS

ADJUSTING AND TESTING
ACCEPTA - What are the estimated errors The estimated errors per thousand ZBJ
BILITY per thousand characters in my printed characters in your signals
signals (or those of….)? (or those of ….) is…
1) Greater than 13
2) 7 to 12
3) 1 to 6
4) Nil
What is the printing acceptability The printing acceptability of your ZBZ
of my signals (or those of…)? signals (or those of...) is...
1) Unacceptable - totally corrupt;
2) Unacceptable - very corrupt;
3) Unacceptable - partly corrupt;
4) Acceptable- occasionally
corrupt;
5) Acceptable - no corruption).
AERIAL I am about to wind in my aerial. QBE
I am working on trailing aerial. QCY
or
Work on trailing aerial.
I am working (or am going to work) QFX
on a fixed aerial.
or
Work on a fixed aerial.
Fixed Aerial…. ZTT
1) Omni-directional
2) Rotatable
3) Directional
AUTOMATIC How do you receive my automatic Your automatic transmissions are ZHN
transmissions? ...(1. Good; 2. Fair; 3. Unreadable)
What is your speed of automatic My speed of automatic ZHO
transmission in… transmission in...
1) Revolutions per minute 1) Revolutions per minute;
2) Words per minute 2) Words per minute;
3) Bauds 3) Bauds; is.…
What is preventing automatic Automatic reception is prevented ZHP
reception? by...
Is my speed of automatic Your speed of automatic ZHR
transmission correct? transmission is... (1. Fast; 2. Slow;
3. Erratic; 4. Correct).
3F - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
AUTOMATIC Are you ready for automatic I am ready for automatic operation. QRR
(Cont’d) operation? Send at...words/min.
BIAS What is my bias distortion? Your bias distortion is... ZTN
(1. Excessive; 2. ... percent
(marking); 3. ...percent (spacing);
4. ...percent (total distortion).
CALL Shall I repeat the call on the Repeat your call on the calling QSR
calling frequency? frequency; did not hear you (or
have interference).
CARRIER Your carrier is... (1. Over- ZRS
suppressed; 2. Under-suppressed)
CASE Am I transmitting... You are transmitting... QJD
1) in letters? 1) in letters.
2) in figures? 2) in figures.
You are transmitting in upper case. ZBG
CHANNEL Shall I revert to single channel Revert to single channel working. ZRK
working?
Can you read me on... (1. I can read you on...(1. Channel A; ZRO
Channel A; 2. Channel B; 2. Channel B; 3. Channel(s);
3. Channel(s); 4. All channels)? 4. All channels; 5. No channels).
Transfer signal on channel... to ZRP
channel... (Should only be used
when order originates from a third
working channel. See ZRV for use
between directly connected working
channels).
Transfer signal to channel... ZRV
CHARACTER Is my character formation Your character formation is... ZTO
correct? (1. Correct; 2. Defective in the start
element; 3. Defective in the 1st
unit; 4. Defective in the 2nd unit;
5. Defective in the 3rd unit; 6.
Defective in the 4th unit;
7. Defective in the 5th unit;
8. Defective in the stop element).
CHECK Will you check your... I will check my... QJC
1) transmitter distributor? 1) transmitter distributor.
2) auto-head? 2) auto-head.
3) perforator? 3) perforator.
5) printer? 5) printer.
6) printer motor? 6) printer motor.
7) keyboard? 7) keyboard.
8) antenna system? 8) antenna system.
Will you check your...? I will check my... ZRJ
CODE Are you working on the correct I am working on the correct code. ZRL
code?
Note: This meaning applies only Note: This meaning applies only to
to frequency shift diplex. frequency shift diplex.
3F - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
CONNECT Are you (or is...) connected to...? I am (or...is) connected to... ZTK
DISCONNECT Are you (or is...) about to I am (or...is) about to disconnect. ZTL
disconnect?
EQUIPMENT Broadcast transmitter indicated is ZJT
about to be taken off for... minutes
(or until...).
...(1. Radio; ZTA
2) Visual;
3) Landline;
4) Teletypewriter (teleprinter);
5) Telephone;
6) Automatic;
7) Facsimile;
8) Shore telephone;
9) Shore teleprinter;
10) Radio teletypewriter;
11) Satellite
1) Transmitter-distributor: ZTB
2) Autohead;
3) Perforator;
4) Reperforator;
5) Printer;
6) Undulator;
7) Keyboard;
8) Freqency shift keyer;
9) Multiplexing carrier base;
10) On line crypto device.
...(class of emission/type of ZTG
transmission as indicated in
Chapter 6).
...(1. Receiver; 2. Transmitter ZTI
3. Power supply; 4. Antenna
system; 5. Radio direction finder).
FACILITIES Is the...radio facility at... (place) The...radio facility at... (place) is in QFS
in operation? operation (or will be in operation
in... hours).
or
Please have the...radio facility at...
(place) put in operation.
Is the...radio facility still The...radio facility is still required. OLV
required?
Facility indicated cannot be ZLN
operated at present.
3F - 3
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
FACILITIES Is (are) facility (ies)...operative at The following...facility(ies) is (are) ZLO

(Cont’d) your station (or at….)? operative at this station (or at...).
1) Homing beacon;
2) Radar beacon;
3) Revolving and/or Flashing
beacon;
4) Radio beacon;
5) Instrument landing system;
6) Ground control approach;
7) Approach control;
8) Tower transmitter
9) (state which type LF, MF,
VHF, or UHF);
10) MF Direction finder;
11) VHF Direction finder;
12) UHF Direction finder;
13) Runway lights;
14) Sandra lights;
15) Radio track guide;
16) Radio range.
FACSIMILE I have pictures of the following ZLA
types to transmit...
(1. Photographs; 2. Weather maps;
3. Blueprints; 4. Printed matter; 5.
Test).
What drum rotation speed shall I Transmit at...revolutions per ZLB
use? minute. (1. 30; 2. 45; 3. 50; 4. 60; 5.
90; 6. 100.)
Your transmission... ZLC
1) Shows objectionable modulation
2) Suitable for communication but
not for picture;
3) Shows caption too close to edge
of picture;
4) Shows buckled print;
5) Shows fork drift;
6) Picture shows too much
contrast;
7) Picture shows insufficient
contrast;
8) Picture shows cross-over).
I am unable to… ZLD
1) Synchronize with you;
2) Transmit pictures;
3) Copy pictures).
3F - 4
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
FACSIMILE Send...(1. Fence; 2. White; 3. ZLE

(Cont’d) Black; 4. Picture; 5. Synchronize;
6. Fence swinging black until I stop
you; 7. Fence swinging white until
I stop you).
...(1. Inverter; 2. Converter; ZLF
3. 96-line 12 x 18 transceiver;
4. 100-line transceiver;
5. 300-line transceiver).
Shall I transmit... Transmit... ZLG
(1. Negative; 2. Positive)? (1. Negative; 2. Positive).
Will you transmit map(s)... I am going to transmit map(s) … ZLH
(... area...time...type). (...area...time....type).
Reverse material on drum and ZLI
rerun until I break you.
What size lettering shall I use? Use... (1. Standard telegraphic ZLJ
typewriter; 2. Jumbo typewriter if
available; 3. Hand lettering at least
3/16 of an inch high.)
FAULTY ...(1. Does my...appear to be ...(1. Your...appears to be faulty; 2. ZTC
faulty; 2. Is your...faulty). My...is faulty).
FREQUENCY Shift to transmit and receive on... QMH
kHz (or MHz); if communication is
not established within 5 minutes,
revert to present frequency.
Will you tell me my exact Your exact frequency (or that of...) QRG
frequency (or that of...)? is...kHz (or MHz).
Does my frequency vary? Your frequency varies. QRH
What working frequency will you I will use the working frequency... QSS
use? kHz (normally only the last three
figures of the frequency need be
given).
Shall I change to transmission on Change to transmission on another QSY
another frequency? frequency (or on... kHz (or MHz)).
Will you send your call sign for I will send my call sign for tuning QTS
tuning purposes or so that your purposes or so that my frequency
frequency can be measured now may be measured now (or at...
(or at... hours) on...kHz (or hours) on...kHz (or MHz).
MHz)?
Shall I decrease frequency very Decrease frequency very slightly ZHA
slightly (or... kHz) to clear (or...kHz) to clear interference.
interference?
Shall I increase frequency very Increase frequency very slightly ZHB
slightly (or... kHz) to clear (or...kHz) to clear interference.
interference?
3F - 5
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
FREQUENCY How does my frequency check? Your frequency is... (1. Correct; ZRA
(Cont’d) 2. Slightly (or...Hz (or kHz)) high;
3. Slightly (or...Hz (or kHz)) low; 4.
Stable on steady mark;
5. Stable on steady space;
6. Unstable; 7. Erratic).
Check your (or...'s) frequency on ZRB
this circuit (or on...kHz(or MHz)).
What is the frequency of the... The frequency of the...radio facility ZRD
radio facility now in operation? now in operation is...
On what frequency do you hear I hear you best on...kHz (or MHz). ZRE
me best?
Will you send tuning signal on Am about to send tuning signal on ZRF
your present frequency (or on my present frequency (or on... kHz
kHz (or MHz)) for one minute, or (or MHz)).
until as is given?
When will a change of frequency A change in frequency (to... kHz (or ZRG
(to...kHz (or MHz)) be necessary? MHz)) will be necessary at
approximately...
Are my tone frequencies correct? Your tone for... (1. Marking and ZRU
spacing are high; 2. Marking and
spacing are low; 3. Marking and
spacing are correct).
FREQUENCY Is my frequency shift... You frequency shift is... QJE
SHIFT 1) too wide? 1) too wide.
2) too narrow? 2) too narrow (by...Hz).
3) correct? 3) correct.
Is my frequency shift correct? Your frequency shift is... (1. Too ZRH
wide; 2. Too narrow; 3. Not linear;
4. Correct) (by...Hz).
LINE Will you... (1. disconnect your I will...(1. disconnect (or I am ZTR
equipment from line and carry disconnecting) my equipment from
out local test, reconnecting to line line and carry (or to carry) out local
in... minutes; 2. connect your test reconnecting line in...minutes;
transmit line to your receive line 2. connect my transmit line to my
to enable me to carry out a loop receive line to enable you to carry
test for... minutes)? out a loop test for... minutes).
Is the line satisfactory The line is...(1. Satisfactory; ZTS
2. unsatisfactory).
LINES What is (are) the magnetic line(s) The magnetic line(s) of shoot of ZLP
of shoot of the...(facility)? the...(facility) is (are) ...degrees.
LISTEN Please listen for me on...kHz (or ZHQ
MHz) and transmit to me on...kHz
(or MHz).
3F - 6
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
MARK/SPACE Is my... Your... QJA

1) tape) 1) tape)
2) mark and space) 2) mark and space)
reversed? is reversed.
Will you transmit a continuous.. I am transmitting a continuous... QJI
1) mark? 1) mark.
2) space? 2) space.
Are you receiving... I am receiving... QJK
1) a continuous mark? 1) a continuous mark.
2) a continuous space? 2) a continuous space.
3) a mark bias? 3) a mark bias.
4) a space bias? 4) a space bias.
You are transmitting a ZBC
continuous...(1. Mark; 2. Space).
METHOD Will you use... I will use... QJB
1) radio? 1) radio.
2) cable? 2) cable.
3) telegraph? 3) telegraph.
4) teletypewriter? 4) teletypewriter.
5) telephone? 5) telephone.
6) receiver? 6) receiver.
7) transmitter? 7) transmitter.
...(class of omission/type of ZTG
transmission as indicated in
Chapter 6).
MODULATION What is the duration of your The duration of my modulation ZTP
modulation cycle? cycle is...
50 Baud Equipment
1) 148 ms (7.42 units) fast.
2) 150 ms (7.5 units) correct.
3) 152 ms (7.6 units) slow.
45.5 Baud Equipment

1) 161 ms (7.35 units) fast.
2) 163 ms (7.42 units) correct.
3) 165 ms (7.5 units) slow.
MONITOR My signal as checked by monitor... QJF
is satisfactory...
1) locally.
2) as radiated.
Will you monitor...station and I have monitored... station and QLB
report regarding range, quality, report (briefly) as follows...
etc.?
PATCH Will you patch me through to... I am about to patch you through ZAF
(via you or ...)? to...(via...)
3F - 7
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
POWER Shall I increase transmitter Increase transmitter power. QRO

power?
Shall I decrease transmitter Decrease transmitter power. QRP
power?
Maximum power is now being ZPE
radiated.
RADIATION Your transmitter has strong ZPB
radiation while idling.
Radiate full unmodulated power ZRT
for...minutes.
REPAIRS Are repairs completed? Repairs... (1. Completed; ZTF
2. Uncompleted. Estimated
completion time...minutes; 3. Can
not be completed because...)
SATELLITE Satellite(s) is/are preempted ZCA
from........Z to........Z
Change to double-hop working ZCB
using satellites...West and...East
now (or at ...hours)
Establish....on access... channel ZCC
(A/B)
1) 300 dB Emergency patch.
2) Phase-reverse-keying
Weight your access to ..... (call ZCD
sign) by ......dB.
Access satellite .......now (or ZCE
at.....hours) with......
1) Spread Spectrum Modulation
(normal allocation).
2) Spread Spectrum Modulator
changed to access...
3) Spread Spectrum Demodulator
changed to access...
4) Frequency modulation.
Remove access...now (or at….hrs) ZCF
1) Spread Spectrum Modulation (1
- 40)
2) Frequency Modulation.
3) Phase reverse keying.
What is your frequency My frequency modulation is....... ZCG
modulation deviation?
What is your tracking mode? My tracking mode is....... ZCH
1) Autotrack.
2) Manual tracking.
3) Hand barring.
3F - 8
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
SATELLITE What is your.....? My ZCI

(Cont’d) 1) Total output power. 1) is .......watts
2) Quality meter reading. 2) is .......xxx%
3) Number of accesses. 3) .......... accesses.
4) Frequency modulation access 4) .......... watts.
power.
Are you experiencing equipment I am experiencing trouble with my ZCJ
trouble? ......
1) Spread Spectrum Modulator.
2) Frequency division multiplex
equipment.
3) Line modem.
4) Time division multiplex
equipment.
5) Switching or patching.
6) Servo system.
7) Transmitter
8) Receiver.
9) Parametric amplifier.
10) Phase Shift Keying Modulator.
Shall I loop my ........? Loop your ........ ZCK
1) Spread Spectrum Modulator 1) Spread Spectrum Modulator
channel (A/B) channel.......
2) Line modem 2) Line modem.
3) Time division multiplex 3) Time division multiplex
equipment. equipment.
4) Frequency division multiplex 4) Frequency division multiplex
equipment. equipment.
Have you checked speed setting of I have checked speed setting on..... ZCL
all equipment on.....(channel/ (channel/circuit).
circuit)
May I carry out....on satellite...? Carry out ....on satellite.... ZCM
1) Spread Spectrum Modulation 1) Spread Spectrum Modulation
back-to-back check. back-to-back check.
2) Range measurement.
3) Power Balance. 2) Range measurement.
3) Power Balance.
Are you ready to synchronize I am ready to synchronize Spread ZCN
Spread Spectrum Access? Spectrum Access.....
On your FM/FDM Access..... ZCO
1) Suppress telegraph channel .....
(1 - 9)
2) Open telegraph channel..... (1
- 9)
3F - 9
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
SATELLITE Change (total) radiated power.... ZCP

(Cont’d) 1) On narrow-band to....watts.
2) On Spread Spectrum.....watts.
Note: This power excluded that for
access D or E.
3) Of access....(1-40, N1-N5, D or
E) to .......(watts)
4) Of access....(1-40, RAE) to....
(0,3,6,9 dB) below full access at
Combiner Unit.
Change FM/FDM mode to Mode... ZCQ
(A/D) with deviation ....kHz
I am about to initiate.... ZCR
1) Serial
2) Parallel synchronization of
accesses..... and ....
Switch your Spread Spectrum ZCS
Access.... modulator to....
1) Code off
2) Search
3) Sync. 1
4) Sync. 2
5) Traffic
6) Channel A Normal On.
7) Channel B Normal On.
My Spread Spectrum Access ZCT
demodulator is......
1) CW tuned
2) In short-code lock
3) In long-code lock
4) In long-code and data lock on
Channel A only
5) In long-code and data lock on
both channels.
Set Spread Spectrum Access...to… ZCU
1) Channel A only.
2) Channel A and B retaining
original radiated power for this
access.
Set speed of Spread Spectrum ZCV
Access.....Channel......(A/B) to......
1) 1300 bd. 4) 1200 bd.
2) 2600 bd. 5) 2400 bd.
3) 600 bd. 6) 4800 bd.
3F - 10
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
SATELLITE 1) Check your...and advise ZCW

(Cont’d) 2) I have lost .......
3) Perform back to back
through...........
4) Bypass
5) I have bypassed
6) Retune demodulator
To be used in conjunction with
ZCX.
1) Test loop 1 ZCX
2) Test loop 2
3) Test loop 3
4) Test loop 4
5) Paramp
6) High Power Amplifier
7) Demodulator
8) Mux Channel A
9) Mux Channel B
10) Demux Channel A
11) Demux Channel B
12) Coder
13) Decoder
14) Tracking (including side lobe)
15) 5 MHz standard
16) Synthesizer
17) Power Supply
18) Modulator
19) Satellite
20) Crypto Equipment
21) Patching DC
22) Patching RF
23) Patching Clock
Operate at....(BPS)..... ZCY
1) 75
2) 84
3) 150
4) 168
5) 300
6) 336
7) 600
8) 672
9) 1200
10) 2400
11) 4800
12) 9600
To be used in conjunction with ZCZ
3F - 11
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
SATELLITE 1) Coded ZCZ

(Cont’d) 2) Uncoded
3) Satellite Access Channel at....
dBW
4) Relinquish Satellite Access due
to sole access.....
5) Relinquish Satellite Access due
to violation of Power
Restrictions
6) Increase Power to .... dBW
7) Decrease Power to .... dBW
8) NB ALPHA
9) NB BRAVO
10) Change Satellite Access
Channel to....at dBW
11) Satellite
SIDEBAND Can you receive both sidebands of I can receive... (1. The upper ZRM
my Independent sideband sideband; 2. The lower sideband; 3.
transmissions? Both sidebands).
Do you intend to transmit on.... I intend to transmit on... ZRN
(1. The upper sideband; 2. The (1. The upper sideband; 2. The
lower sideband; 3. Both sidebands lower sideband; 3. Both sidebands
independently? independently
Change to other sideband ZQR
SIGNAL What is the commercial quality The quality of your signal is ... QOF
QUALITY of my signals? 1) not commercial
2) marginally commercial
3) commercial
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
How is the tone of my The tone of your transmission is... QRI
transmission? 1) good.
2) variable
3) bad
What is the intelligibility of my The intelligibility of your signals QRK
signals (or those of....)? (or those of...) is...
1) bad.
2) poor
3) fair
4) good
5) excellent
Your signals are... ZPC
(1. Fading badly; 2. Fading
slightly; 3. Good for...words per
minute; 4. Getting stronger;
5. Getting weaker).
Is your signal as checked by My signal as checked by ZPD
monitor .... satisfactory monitor....is satisfactory
(1. Locally; 2. As radiated)? (1. Locally; 2. as radiated).
3F - 12
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
SIGNAL What is the readability of the The readability of the signals of the ZPF
QUALITY signals of the group (net) (or group (net) (or of...) is.…
(Cont’d) of...)? (1 to 5)
What is (are) signal strength(s) of Signal strength(s) of group (net) is ZPG
group (net) (or of...)? (are) (or of...) is... (1 to 5)
This transmission is a transmitter ZPT
pre-acceptance trial. Request
expeditious strength and
readability reply.
SIGNAL What is the strength of my The strength of your signals (or QSA
STRENGTH signals (or those of...)? those of...) is...
1) scarcely perceptible.
2) weak.
3) fairly good.
4) good
5) very good
Are my signals fading? Your signals are fading. QSB
SPEED KEY Your speed key is improperly ZAB
adjusted.
SPEECH Your speech is distorted. ZPA
SYNCHRO- Retransmit phasing signal…. ZRW
NISATION 1) You did not synchronize
2) Check your daily key setting
TAPE Is my... Your... QJA
1) tape) 1) tape)
2) mark and space) 2) mark and space)
reversed? is reversed.
Shall I run... Run... QJH
How many tapes have you to I have...tapes to send QOG
send? (MARITIME USE ONLY)
Shall I send my tape? Send your tape. QOI
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
Shall I transmit12 inches of Transmit 12 inches of blank tape at ZAW
blank tape at short intervals short intervals at... words per
at...words per minute? minute.
Your...is reversed. ZBN
(1. Tape; 2. Mark and space).
TECHNICIAN Will you... (1. get the Circuit I will...(1. get the Circuit ZTQ
Engineer/Facility Control Engineer/Facility Control
Technician to speak on this Technician to speak on the circuit;
circuit (or circuit...); 2. hand the 2. hand the line over to the Circuit
line over to the Circuit Engineer/Facility Control
Engineer/Facility Control Technician for check and call you
Technician for check)? when check has been completed).
TELETYPE What is teletype range taken on Teletype range taken on your ZAU
RANGE my signal(s)? signal(s) is...to...
3F - 13
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
TEST Shall I run... Run... QJH

Shall I send a phasing signal for Send a phasing signal for ... QOH
... seconds? seconds.
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
Run... ZAI
1) Caller;
2) Test tape;
3) Synchronizing tape;
4) Traffic tape;
5) Marking signals;
6) Spacing signals;
7) Reversals;
8) Run teletypewriter space bar
signals).
9) Date 1 test at...bd
TRIAL This transmission is a transmitter ZPT
pre-acceptance trial. Request
expeditious strength and
readability reply.
TRANSMITTER One or more transmitters, ZAZ
simultaneously keying on this
broadcast, are defective but
transmission will continue on
remaining transmitters. Traffic so
transmitted will be repeated when
full service is restored.
TUNE Shall I tune my transmitter to... Tune your transmitter to... ZRC
1) Proper frequency; 1) Proper frequency;
2) Zero beat with your (or...) 2) Zero beat with my (or...)
transmitter)? transmitter).
USE Shall I use...? Use... ZTD
Are you (or is...) able to use...? I am (or...is) able to use... ZTE
Cease using... ZTJ
I am (or...is) unable to use... ZTM
Note: Class of emission/type of
transmission may be indicated
using the signal ZTG and Chapter
6 (see para 104.m.).
3F - 14
ACP 131(E)
SECTION G
ENCODE
CIRCUIT DISCIPLINE AND NET CONTROL
ACKNOW- Can you acknowledge receipt? I am acknowledging receipt. QSL

LEDGE
ANSWER Answer me (or...) on.…kHz.(or ZBV
MHz)
AUTOMATIC Shall I revert to automatic relay? Revert to automatic relay. QJG
BEADWINDOW You have disclosed an EEFI as ZNX
PROCEDURE indicated.
1) Position 6) COMSEC
2) Capabilities 7) Wrong Circuit
3) Operations 8) (SPARE)
4) EW 9) (SPARE)
5) Personnel 10) (SPARE)
* Note: See ACP 124 for details of BEADWINDOW procedure and the
use of EEFI numbers.
BREAK I have been unable to break in on QSI
your transmission.
or
Will you inform...(call sign) that I
have been unable to break in on his
transmission (on...kHz (or MHz)).
I have (or...has) been unable to ZAJ
break you.
I am unable to receive you while I ZBL
am transmitting. Do not use
break-in procedure.
BUSY Are you busy? I am busy (or I am busy with...). QRL
Please do not interfere.
CALL/ CALLING When will you call me again? I will call you again at...hours QRX
Who is calling me? You are being called by... (on...kHz QRZ
(or...MHz)).
Make preliminary call before ZBH
transmitting traffic.
I am or have been (or...is or has ZGI
been) calling you (on... kHz (or
MHz)).
When will you call me again on I will call you again as soon as ZGJ
present frequency (or on...kHz (or possible (or at...) on present
MHz))? frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz)).
3G - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
CALL/ CALLING When shall I call you again on Call me again at...on present ZGK
(Cont’d) present frequency (or on...kHz (or frequency (or on...kHz (or...MHz))
...MHz))?
...will answer calls for me (or for...) ZGL
Answer calls for me on present ZGP
frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz)).
CALL SIGN What is your full call sign? My full call sign is... QCX
or
Use your full call sign until further
notice.
What is my call sign for use on Your call sign for use on this ZGA
this circuit only? circuit only is...
Send (answer) ... ZGB
1) In alphabetical sequence of call
signs. Each station to make its
call signs once (or...times);
2) In the following sequence of call
signs).
Two stations are using the same ZGD
indefinite call sign on...kHz (or
MHz). Both stations are to select
different call signs
Send your call sign(s) once (or ... ZGE
times) on this frequency (or
on...kHz (or MHz)).
Make call signs more distinctly. ZGF
What is call sign of... Call sign of...is... ZGG
(1. Friendly striking force (1. Friendly striking force aircraft;
aircraft; 2. Friendly shadowing 2. Friendly shadowing aircraft; 3.
aircraft; 3. Incoming vessel; Incoming vessel;
4. Senior officer present afloat (or 4. Senior officer present afloat (or
officer in tactical command); officer in tactical command);
5. Ship acting as flagship for...)? 5. Ship acting as flagship for...).
CALL SIGN Is your vessel fitted for reception My vessel is fitted for reception of QOL
(SELECTIVE) of selective calls? If so, what is selective calls. My selective call
your selective call number or number or signal is...
signal? (MARITIME USE ONLY)
On what frequencies can your My vessel can be reached by a QOM
vessel be reached by a selective selective call on the following
call? frequency(ies) ...(period of time to
be added if necessary).
(MARITIME USE ONLY)
CLOSING I am closing down (until...) ZAL
May I close down (until...)? ... (1. Close down (until...); ZKJ
2. I am closing down (until...)).
3G - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
COMMUNI- May I establish communication Establish communication with... QIC

CATE WITH with... radio station on... kHz (or radio station on...kHz (or MHz)
MHz) now (or at...hours)? now (or at...hours).
or
I will establish communication
with...radio station on...kHz (or
MHz) now (or at...hours).
Can you communicate I can communicate with... direct QSO
with...direct or by relay? (or by relay through...).
Can you communicate with my I am going to communicate with QTQ
station by means of the your station by means of the
international code of signals? international code of signals.
Will you keep your station open I will keep my station open for QTX
for further communication with further communication with you
me until further notice (or until) until further notice (or
...hours)? until...hours).
Report when you are in radio ZBU
communications with….
Did you (or...) hear...(at...)? I have (or...has) been unable to ZGM
communicate with...(since ...).
CONTROL Who is controlling station (net I am (or...is) controlling station (net ZKA
STATION control station) on this control station) on this frequency
frequency(or on...kHz(or MHz))? (or on...kHz (or MHz)).
Is it necessary to obtain the It is necessary to obtain the ZKB
permission of the controlling permission of the controlling
station (net control station) before station (net control station) before
transmitting messages? transmitting messages.
Substitute code sign (call sign) of ZKC
control station of group (net) in
place of this operating signal.
Shall I take control of net (for...) Take control of net (for...) (until...) ZKD
(until ...)?
COPIES For following message you will ZBB
require a total of...copies.
For the following message use large ZBF
message forms.
DELAY Do you hear my call; is the I hear your call; the approximate QOT
approximate delay in minutes delay is.... minutes.
before we may exchange traffic? (MARITIME USE ONLY)
Transmission on...kHz (or MHz) ZAK
suspended until... (or was
suspended at...) on account of
electrical hazards (or...).
What is cause of delay (or of bad Delay (or bad transmission) due ZBA
transmission)? to…
I am using this transmitter to ZGH
answer calls on two or more
frequencies. Answer to calls may be
delayed.
3G - 3
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
DISCIPLINE You are not observing proper ZAA

circuit discipline.
FREQUENCY My reception on...frequency has QCS
broken down.
What frequency is...using? ...is using...kHz (or MHz). QIF
Shift to transmit and receive on... QMH
kHz (or MHz); if communication is
not established within 5 mins,
revert to present frequency
Shall I change to transmission on Change to transmission on another QSY
another frequency? frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz)).
Will you shift (or ask...to shift) to I am (or...is) shifting to transmit ZBW
transmit on...kHz (or MHz)? on...kHz (or MHz).
Will you shift (or ask...to shift) to I am (or...is) shifting to receive ZBX
receive on...kHz (or MHz)? on...kHz (or MHz).
GROUPS Shall I send each word or group Send each word or group QSZ
more than once? twice(or...times).
Do you agree with my counting of I do not agree with your counting of QTB
words? words; I will repeat the first letter
or digit of each word or group.
The last word (or group)... ZAQ
1) Received from you was...;
2) Transmitted to you was...).
GUARD May I stop listening on the watch You may stop listening on the QAR
frequency for...minutes? watch frequency for...minutes.
Shall I stand guard for you on the Stand guard for me on the QTV
frequency of...kHz (or MHz) frequency of...kHz (or MHz)
(from...to... hours)? (from...to...hours).
Take guard (for…) on...kHz (or ZKM
MHz))
I have taken over guard on...kHz ZKN
(or MHz).
I have handed over guard (to...) ZKO
(on...kHz (or MHz)) (serial number
of last message received was...).
Are you (or is...) radio guard I am (or...is) radio guard ZKP
for...(on...kHz (or MHz))? for...(on...kHz (or MHz)).
Indicate ships or stations for which ZKQ
you are (or...is)... guard.
1) Radio (on...kHz (or MHz));
2) Visual).
HEARD When was I (or...) last heard? Nothing heard from you (or...) ZGN
(since...).
IDENTIFI- The identification signal which QTT
CATION follows is super-imposed on another
transmission.
3G - 4
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
INTERFER- Are you experiencing I am experiencing communication QAZ

ENCE communication difficulties difficulties through flying in a
through flying in a storm? storm.
Note: Attention is invited to the
possible supplementary use of
signals QAR, QBE, QCS, QRM,
QRN, QRX, QSZ or the signal CL
to amplify the meaning associated
with signal QAZ.
Are you being interfered with? I am being interfered with. QRM
Are you troubled by static? I am troubled by static. QRN
You are..(1. Causing interference. ZAX
Listen before sending; 2. Causing
interference by in-attention to order
to wait; 3. Sending at the same
time as...(call sign);
4. Causing delay by slowness in
answering; 5. Causing delay by
slowness in answering my service
or procedure messages;
6. Answering out of turn).
KEYING Will you use simultaneous keying I will now key simultaneously on... QLH
on...frequency and...frequency? frequency and...frequency.
Is my keying defective? Your keying is defective. QSD
Your...(1. Characters are indistinct; ZBP
2. Spacing is bad).
Your...(1. Dots are too heavy; ZBS
2. Dots are too light; 3. Dots are
varying in bias; 4. Dot spacing is
bad; 5. Dots are missing; 6. Dots
are burring.).
LEAVING NET Station leaves net temporarily (or ZKF
for...minutes) (to communicate
with...) (will be on...kHz (or MHz))
LINK Act as radio link (relaying station) ZOD
between me and... (or
between...and...).
LISTEN Shall I listen for you (or for...) Listen for me (or for...) on... kHz QAP
on...kHz(or MHz)? (...MHz).
Note: If the frequency is given in Note: If the frequency is given in
megacycles, the abbreviation MC megacycles, the abbreviation MC is
is to be used. (See also signal to be used. (See also signal QSX)
QSX).
Will you listen to...(call sign(s) I am listening to...(call sign(s)) on QSX
on... kHz (or MHz)? kHz (or MHz).
Listen for radiotelephony. ZBI
MESSAGES Has...sent any message for me? Here is the message sent by... QBM
at...hours.
3G - 5
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
MESSAGES Have you sent message...to...? I have sent message...to... QDB

(Cont’d)
Have you anything for me? I have nothing for you. QRU
METHOD Shall I work... 1. Simplex; Work...(1. Simplex; 2. Duplex; ZAP
2. Duplex 3. Diplex; 3. Diplex; 4. Multiplex; 5. Single
4. Multiplex; 5. Single Sideband; Sideband; 6. With automatic error
6. With automatic error correction system; 7. Without
correction system; automatic error correction system;
7. Without automatic error 8. With time and frequency
correction system; 8. With time, diversity modem).
and frequency diversity modem)?
Transmit traffic for me (or for...) by ZAV
broadcast method until further
directed (or until...).
Transmit traffic to me (or to... ZAY
on...kHz (or MHz)) without waiting
for receipts. I (or...) will receipt for
traffic later (on...kHz (or MHz)).
Shall I send by...(1. Direct(R) Send by...(1. Direct (R) method; ZBR
method; 2. Broadcast (F) method; 2. Broadcast (F) method;
3. Intercept(I) method; 4. Repeat 3. Intercept (I) method; 4. Repeat
back (G) method)? back (G) method).
OPERATING Your operating signal (made at...) ZAD
SIGNAL received as...(1. Not understood; 2.
Not held).
OPERATION May I resume normal working? Normal working may be resumed. QUM
OPERATOR Place...on watch on the frequency ZBM
1) A qualified speed key operator;
2) A competent operator).
PRECEDENCE Transmit only messages of and ZAN
above precedence...
Of what precedence(s) and for I have (or...has)...(numeral followed ZBO
whom is (are) your message(s)? by precedence prosign for each
precedence) message(s) for you (or
for...).
READY Are you ready? I am ready. QRV
RECEPTION My reception on...frequency has QCS
broken down.
Can you hear me between your I can hear you between my signals; QSK
signals and if so can I break in on break in on my transmission.
your transmission?
Did you hear me(or...(call sign) I did hear you (or...(call sign) QSN
on...kHz (or MHz)? on...kHz (or MHz).
I am unable to receive you. Receipt ZAE
through...
Are you receiving my traffic I am receiving your traffic... ZBK
clear? (1. Clear; 2. Garbled).
3G - 6
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
REPEAT Will you repeat what you (or...) Following is what I (or...) sent ZBD
sent (at...)? (at...).
Send tapes...(1. Once; 2. Twice). ZSO
REPORTING IN I (or...) report(s) into circuit (net). ZKE
NET
SCHEDULE Observe (or direct... to observe) ZKG
schedule with... on...kHz (or
MHz)(at...).
Did you (or...) observe schedule I (or...) observed schedule ZKH
with...(at...)? with...(at...).
SPEECH I cannot understand your speech. ZAO
Use radiotelegraph.
Your speech is distorted. ZPA
SPEED Shall I send faster? Send faster (...words per minute). QRQ
Shall I send more slowly? Send more slowly (...words per QRS
minute).
Shall I stop sending? Stop sending. QRT
SPEED KEY Your speed key is improperly ZAB
adjusted.
Cease using speed key. ZAC
STAND BY Stand by. ZUJ
STATION What is your full call sign? My full call sign is... QCX
IDENTITY or
Use your full call sign until further
notice.
What is the name of your The name of my station is... QRA
station?
STRENGTH What is the strength of my The strength of your signals (or QSA
SIGNAL signals (or those of...)? those of...) is...
1) scarcely perceptible.
2) weak.
3) fairly good.
4) good
5) very good
Are my signals fading? Your signals are fading. QSB
TAPE Break...(1. Go ahead with next ZAG
tape; 2. Go back...feet; 3. Advance
your key tape to reference mark
number...and repeat last
transmission (or transmission...).
Run...(1. Caller; 2. Test tape; ZAI
3. Synchronizing tape; 4. Traffic
tape; 5. Marking signals;
6. Spacing signals; 7. Reversals;
8. Run teletypewriter space bar
signals). 9. Date l Test at….Bd
3G - 7
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
TAPE (Cont’d) I am unable to obtain reply from ZAM

teleprinter switchboard... (for
connection to...). Request you call
him (or other intermediate
switchboard) for me.
Rerun all tapes run on...since... ZAS
(1. Your present frequency;
2. ...kHz (or MHz); 3. Call sign...;
4. This channel or... channel).
Am preparing traffic (perforating ZAT
tape) for transmission.
You are transmitting a ZBC
continuous...(1. Mark; 2. Space).
You are transmitting in upper case. ZBG
Your...is reversed. (1. Tape; ZBN
2. Mark and space).
Send tapes (or message)... ZSO
(1. Once; 2. Twice).
TIME What is the correct time? The correct time is...hours. QTR
What are the hours during which My station is open from...to… QTU
your station is open? hours
TRANSMIT Shall I send or reply on this Send or reply on this frequency (or QSU
frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz)) on...kHz (or MHz)) with emissions
(with emissions of class...)? of class...).
Will you send on this frequency I am going to send on this QSW
(or on...kHz (or MHz)) with frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz))
emissions of class...)? (with emissions of (with class...).
Please listen for me on...kHz (or ZHQ
MHz) and transmit to me on... kHz
(or MHz).
TUNING Shall I send a series of V's on this Send a series of V's on this QSV
frequency (or...kHz (or MHz))? frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz)).
TURN Delay is being caused by... QCB
1) your transmitting out of turn.
2) your slowness in answering.
3) lack of your reply to my...
What is my turn? Your turn is number...(or according QRY
to any other indication (Relates to
(Relates to communication.) communication.)
What is my number and Your number is... Answer after ZGO
sequence in answering? number... (numbers to be separated
by separative sign).
3G - 8
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
WATCH Have set continuous watch, ZIP

or
4_ Reduced single operator
periods) on broadcast indicated.
First serial number received
is.../No number yet received.
Have ceased watch on Broadcast, ZIQ
last number received...
Set watch on...kHz (or MHz)... ZKI
(1. Continuous; 2. Until further
notice).
Assume radiotelegraph (wireless) ZKK
organization...forthwith(or at...).
Resume normal radio ZKL
communication now (or at...).
On what frequencies are you I am (or...is) maintaining watch ZKR
(or...) maintaining watch? on...kHz (or MHz).
What stations are keeping watch Following stations are keeping ZKS
on...kHz (or MHz) (or are in net)? watch on...kHz (or MHz) (or are in
net).
I am keeping watch on...kHz (or ZKT
MHz) for...(1. First five minutes in
each half hour; 2. From 10 to 15
and 40 to 45 minutes past the hour;
3. Between...and...minutes past the
hour).
I am (or...is) maintaining ZKU
continuous watch, or (1. Single
operator period; 2. Two operator
period; 3. General periods only;
4. Reduced single operator period)
on...(call sign)...Broadcast.
I am (or...is) standing split phone ZKV
watch on...and...kHz (or MHz).
3G - 9
(Reverse Blank)
ACP131(E)
SECTION H
ENCODE
MESSAGE HANDLING
ACCURACY Accuracy of following message(s) or ZDG

(message...) is doubtful. Correction
or confirmation will be
forthcoming.
Accuracy of...portion of following ZEH
message (or message...) is doubtful.
Correction or confirmation will be
forwarded when received. (1.
Heading;
2. Text; 3. Group...to...)
Accuracy is doubtful of heading of ZEI
message received as follows...
Check to station of origin if
necessary and repeat.
ACKNOW- Request you acknowledge Message (or message...) is ZEV
LEDGE message acknowledged.
ANSWER No answer is required. ZEK
ATTENTION Your attention is invited, for... ZEW
INVITED (1. Action; 2. Information), to
message...which is in your files.
BASEGRAM Message...is being delivered as a ZFO
basegram message.
Basegram ZFP
BOOK This is a multiple-address or book ZDR
MESSAGE message tape containing...routing
indicators in the routing line which
is to be routed in accordance with
the established doctrine.
This is a multiple-address or book ZER
message tape containing... routing
indicators in the routing line for
which the station called in the pilot
is responsible.
This is a book message and may be ZEX
delivered as a single-address
message to addressees for whom
you are responsible.
3H - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
BOOK When delivery is effected of this ZEZ

MESSAGE book message to addressee by
(Cont’d) commercial means, or when copy is
forwarded to confirm message
previously delivered by telephone, it
is to be sent as a single address
message. (May only be used in
conjunction with ZEX).
BROADCAST Pass...(1. On Broadcast...; 2. On ZBY
Broadcast...single operator; 3. On
Broadcast... two operator period; 4.
On Broadcast...general periods
only).
In addition to the regular broadcast ZDW
times, this hydrographic message
is to be transmitted on the
following hydrographic schedules...
(1. ...schedules; 2. All schedules
on...(date); 3. All schedules
from...to...(dates inclusive)).
This message (or message...) has ZEY
been (or will be put on
the...broadcast schedules (serial
number...).
Was there any traffic addressed Following traffic was addressed to ZFL
to me on...broadcast schedule you on...broadcast schedule
between serial numbers...and...? between serial numbers...and...
Place this message (or message...) ZON
on...(1. Continuous wave broadcast;
2. Radio teletype broadcast)
indicated by following specific
broadcast designator(s)...
This message (or message...) has ZOP
been delivered to all broadcast
areas (or to the following specific
broadcast area(s)...).
Deliver this message (or message ZOQ
...) to all broadcast areas (or to the
following specific broadcast
area(s)...).
Broadcast this message at special ZOW
watch keeping periods for ships
with (1. One radio operator; 2. Two
radio operators).
Place this message (or message...) ZOX
on...(1. Morse/CW; 2. RATT)
submarine broadcast indicated by
designator(s)...
3H - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
BROADCAST This message (or message...) is ZPX

(Cont’d) forwarded to you for screening and
determination of need for broadcast
promulgation. Advise broadcast
control commander of
recommended message disposition.
This message (or message...) has ZPY
been screened by command
authority and requires broadcast
delivery.
CALL SIGN The following group is a call sign, ZXA
delivery group or address group.
(Used in plain language texts of
messages other than procedure
messages.)
CONCERN Does message... (or station serial Message...(or station serial ZFK
number...) concern me (or…)? number...) 1. Does not concern you
(or...); 2. No longer concerns you
(or...).
CONFIRM- Confirmation...(1. Was omitted; ZDL
ATION 2. Differs from text).
The following confirmatory ZED
information as received is at
variance with the text.
COPIES For following message you will ZBB
require a total of ...copies.
For following message use large ZBF
message forms.
CORRECTION Request corrected copy of ZDH
message... be forwarded to...
Message (or message...) which you ZDS
have (or...has) just forwarded was
incorrectly transmitted. Correct
version of message (or part of
portion...) is...
Is message...a correction to This message is a correction (to ZEL
message...which was previously message...) (transmitted by...).
transmitted with doubtful or Note: May only be used in con-
missing groups (words)? junction with ZDG.
Make message...same channel or ZFS
station serial number as this
procedures message.
This is corrected version number.. ZOJ
(1. One; 2. Two; etc.) of a message
previously transmitted with errors
and/or omitted portions.
3H - 3
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
CORRECTION Correct version of the part of the ZWN

(Cont’d) last message (or message...) which
was sent incorrectly is...(or will be
found in...).
DELIVERY Message...was: (1. received by ZDF
(addressee(s) designation) at...Z. 2.
Received by (addressee(s)
designation communications
center) at...Z. 3. Delivered to
(addressee(s) designation) by
broadcast at...Z. 4. Forwarded to
(addressee(s) designation by
5. Mailed to (addressee(s)
designation) at...Z.
Report disposal of message... your ZDN
station with any reason for delay.
On...(date) message(s) was (were) ZDZ
mailed to...(command(s)) bearing
serial-numbers...
This message has been delivered by ZEN
a separate transmission or by other
means (1. Messenger/ courier; 2.
Mail) to the addressee(s)
immediately following this
operating signal.
Transmit this message by rapid ZEO
means when no charges are
involved and to all others by mail.
Message...has been protected and ZET
no further action by... is required.
When delivery is effected of this ZEZ
book message to addressee by
commercial means, or when copy is
forwarded to confirm message
previously delivered by telephone, it
is to be sent as a single address
message. (May only be used in
conjunction with ZEX).
Inform me when this message (or ZFF
message...) has been received by...
(addressee designation) or by...
(1. Action addressee(s);
2. Information addressee(s);
3. All addressees; 4. Action
addressees' message center; 5.
Information addressees' message
center; 6. All addressees' message
center). Note: Not authorized for
used on general messages.
3H - 4
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
DELIVERY Originator has indicated that this ZNZ

(Cont’d) message should be forwarded
without service action on the text
at relay or addressee stations, as
the information conveyed is...(1.
Perishable; 2. For information only
and will be confirmed by other
means).
Take (I will take) no further action ZOB
regarding forwarding message...
Delivery of this message by mail in ZOM
lieu of broadcast permissible (to...).
If more than one tropical wind ZPU
warning message in this sequence
is awaiting transmission, transmit
highest serial number first.
(Sequence/serial is understood to
include tropical warning name or
number and consecutive warning
number).
If the earlier wind warnings ZPV
identified by DTG(s) following this
signal are awaiting transmission,
file those warnings without further
transmission.
This message canceled at time ZPW
indicated. File without further
transmission.
This message is to be delivered to ZXD
the addressee(s) in tape form.
This message has been delivered to ZXW
all action addressees whose
designations follow this operating
signal.
This message has been delivered to ZXX
all information addressees whose
designations follow this operating
signal.
DUPLICATE Messages up to and including serial ZDX
(or circuit) number... have been
previously transmitted.
This message is a suspected ZFD
duplicate.
This message is an exact duplicate ZFG
of a message previously
transmitted, and is to be delivered
to all appropriate addressees served
by the receiving facility.
3H - 5
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
EXECUTION Does the last message (or Last message (or message...) ZDC
message...) require a signal of requires a signal of execution.
execution?
Have you received (or sent) the Executive signal ("Execute") for last ZFC
executive signal ("Execute") for message (or following message) has
message...? been made (or was made at...).
EXERCISE Exercise messages are not to be ZDT
sent until further orders (or
until...).
This message is not to be decrypted ZEG
or reported outside the
communication center in...
(1. Aggressor force; 2. Friendly
force).
Exercise (drill) message. ZEU
GROUPS The last word (or group)... ZAQ
1) Received from you was...;
2) Transmitted to you was...).
How do you count following text Text group(s)...should be counted ZBT
group(s)...? as...group(s).
How many groups does your I have a message containing... ZDJ
message contain? groups to transmit to you (or to...)
This message (or message... was ZEP
incompletely received. Each word or
group missed, which is indicated by
position of ZEP in the message, will
be forwarded as soon as obtained.
HOLD I am holding your message... ZDM
Hold my message...until ZDP
correctness is confirmed.
INCOMPLETE Your message...has been received ZES
...(1. Incomplete; 2. Garbled.)
Request retransmission.
Station(s) to whom this message is ZXB
routed obtain a complete copy of
this interrupted transmission by
addressing a service message to the
originating station. (This procedure
shall not be used between networks
except as bilaterally agreed.)
This interrupted transmission is ZPH
canceled. A complete
retransmission from this station
will follow without request.
3H - 6
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
INCOMPLETE This transmission has been ZXC

(Cont’d) interrupted. A retransmission will
follow without request. (Must be
followed immediately by valid end
of message sequence.)
MERCAST Place this message (or message...) ZDI
on...(1. MERCAST; 2. MERCAST
one operator period).
Place this message (or message...) ZOO
on MERCAST indicated by
designator(s)...
MESSAGE, I have a formal message for you ZDA
FORMAL (Precedence is...)
MESSAGE, ICAO This is a reprocessed ICAO ZEB
message.
MESSAGE, Message...(or this message has ZEQ
MISSENT been (1. Missent to this station.
Received at...Z. Message protected;
2. Missent to this station and
unable to protect delivery due to...
Request you re-transmit to the
appropriate called station(s); 3.
Misrouted to this station and has
been re routed to...at...Z.
Recommend corrective action; 4.
Misrouted to this station and
unable to protect delivery (for...)
due to... Request your station
protect delivery;
5. Routed to this station in format
line 2, but without delivery
responsibility in format lines 7 or 8.
Advise; 6. Delayed due to
misrouting, and is being
retransmitted herewith.)
MESSAGE, What is the number(or other The number (or other indication) of QUC
NUMBER indication) of the last message the last message I received from
you received from me (or you (or from...(call sign)) is...
from...(call sign))?
Message(s)...number(s)...not ZFJ
transmitted on this schedule (or on
schedule...) are no longer needed.
Is (are) number(s) …(to blank....) Number(s)...(to...) is (are) ZIG
blank?
Repeat headings of message ZIH
number...to...transmitted by you
(or...) to check serial numbers.
3H - 7
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
MESSAGE, What was...of your (or...'s) My (or...'s) number... had following ZII
NUMBER number...? ...
(Cont’d) 1) Date-time group; 1) Date-time group;
2) Filing time)? 2) Filing time).
Message(s)...number(s)... will no ZRR
longer be broadcast but are effective
and of interest (to units indicated).
MESSAGE SENT Has...sent any message for me? Here is the message sent by... QBM
BY at...hours.
METHOD Send message for...on...kHz (or ZOH
MHz) by...(1. Receipt method;
2. Broadcast method; 3. Intercept
method).
NON- Message...undelivered... ZDE
DELIVERY (1. Station closed until...Z;
2. Attempting alert station to re-
open (for Flash or Immediate
precedence only); 3. Will continue
efforts to effect disposal; 4. Advise
disposition; 5. Will not continue
further efforts. Request cancel and
file; 6. Give more complete
address).
I could not send message...to… ZDO
OPERATING Your operating signal (made at...) ZAD
SIGNAL received as...(1. Not understood; 2.
Not held).
PASS Pass plain language copy to...by ZEA
secure means.
Pass this message to...(1. On ZFB
arrival; 2. On return to base).
Pass message...(which is in your ZFE
files) to addressee(s) for whom you
are responsible using the indicated
supplementary heading.
This message (or message...) is ZFH
being (or has been) passed to you
(or...) for...(1. Action;
2. Information; 3. Comment)
(at the request of...).
PRECEDENCE Transmit (pass) this message(or ZOG
message...) to...(for...) (1. Action; 2.
Information).
Transmit only messages of and ZAN
above precedence...
Transmit or handle this message at ZOT
the lower precedence to the station
or address designator(s) which
follow(s).
3H - 8
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
PRECEDENCE Reserved for future use by ZXE

(Cont’d) NACOSA/ISSC.
1. For peacetime operations: This ZXF
message has been generated/
mediated by a COMSIC TOP
SECRET ATOMAL System High
SCARS II System. The Maximum
security classification authorized
without off-line encryption released
from SCARS II into the NICS
TARE network is NATO SECRET.
ATOMAL information at any
security classification level released
into the NICS TARE network
requires also offline encryption. 2.
For TTW/Wartime operations after
authorization from Operational
Commander: This message has
been generated/ mediated by a
COSMIC TOP SECRET ATOMAL
SYSTEM HIGH SCARS II
SYSTEM
This MSG has been generated/ ZXG
mediated by a NATO
CONFIDENTIAL System High
automated data processing system.
This MSG has been generated/ ZXH
mediated by a NATO SECRET
System High automated data
processing system.
This critical SCARS II MSG should ZXI
be given precedence over other
Flash messages.
Note: Signals listed are reserved
for use by NACOSA
RADIOTELE- How may radiotelephone calls I have...radiotelephone calls to QRJ
PHONE have you to book? book.
Can you use telephony in... I can use telephone in... (language) QUE
(language) with interpreter if on...kHz (or MHz).
necessary; if so, on what
frequencies?
RECEIPT When and on what frequency was Message...was received at... on... ZBQ
message...received? kHz (or MHz).
3H - 9
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
RECEIPT Message...was: (1. Received by ZDF

(Cont’d) (addressee(s) designation) at...Z. 2.
Received by (addressee(s)
designation communications
center) at...Z. 3. Delivered to
broadcast at...A. 4. Forwarded to
5. Mailed to (addressee(s)
designation) at...Z.
Station to station receipts are not ZGC
required for this FLASH message.
(Authorization for use must be
prescribed by authorities
controlling networks/systems).-
RECEIVE/ Have you received message...? Message...(1. Not received; ZEC
INTERCEPT 2. Unidentified. Give better
identifying data).
This message has been read ZEF
(received or intercepted) from a ship
at sea.
Following message has been read ZFA
(received or intercepted).
RELAY Unable to relay message... in ZAH
present form (1. Not in prescribed
format; 2. Format line...incorrect;
3. No online facility available;
4. Call signs not encrypted;
5. Text not encrypted). We file.
Transmit correctly prepared
message to all addressees (or to...).
Message was relayed to...by... at... ZDQ
(on...kHz or MHz))
Station(s) called relay this message ZOC
to addressees for whom you are
responsible.
Can you accept message for... (1. Give me your message. I will ZOE
online; 2. offline). dispose of it...(1. online; 2. offline).
Relay (pass) this message (or ZOF
message...) to...now (or at...)
Relay this message via... ZOK
Relay this message only to the ZOY
station(s) whose designation(s)
precede this operating signal.
3H - 10
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
RELAY (Cont’d) Relay this message (or message...) ZOZ

in its present form without
decryption.
The text of this message is to be ZPO
relayed in precisely the same
format as that in which it is
received. No characters or machine
functions are to be added, inserted
or deleted and the relative positions
of the groups are to be retained.
This message has been forwarded ZPZ
...(Number of times) by stations
within this network.
Note: The number shall be
incremented by one each time the
message is relayed within the
network. The OPSIG will be
removed prior to the message
exiting the network.
Station called is responsible for ZVA
relay or delivery to all stations in
line two (2) or to stations indicated.
This message, relating to a ZVQ
warning, an alert, distress, or an
emergency, is authorized to be
relayed via the facilities of your
network without prior
arrangement.
Retransmit this message (or ZVR
message...) at once to all
subordinate stations.
No forwarding action to the ZWL
designation(s) immediately
following is required.
I have.....messages (precedence) ZPR
prepared in tape relay format for
you (or for....). (Consideration
should be given to receiving this
message directly on to a printing
perforator/typing reperforator).
Station called relay this message ZXK
(or message...) to... in addition to
predetermined responsibilities.
3H - 11
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
RELAY (Cont’d) Transmit this message to the ZXY

addressee(s) indicated by the
numeral(s) following... All
addressees are to be counted
consecutively as they appear
(numbers to be separated by the
Separative Sign).
RELEASE Originator authorized the transfer ZNM
of this message into the secure
networks of all authorities
addressed, provided the networks
are secure or approved for the
classification of the message
involved.
REPETITION Will you repeat what you (or...) Following is what I (or...) sent ZBD
sent (at...)? (at...).
Retransmit message...to... (for...) ZBE
(1. Action; 2. Information).
Will you repeat message...(or Following repetition (of...) is made ZDK
portion...) (or will you rerun in accordance with your request.
number)?
Message(s) serial number(s)... (to...) ZFM
which was (were) transmitted
during unserviceability of one or
more transmitters, simultaneously
keyed, will now be repeated.
Request you obtain retransmission ZXO
of messages...from station...
REPLY Expedite reply(ies) to my... ZDB
(1. Previous operating signal;
2. Request(s) for repetition and
correction; 3. Service message...).
Replies to this message (or ZEJ
message...) are to be sent now (or
at...).
Is there any reply to message...? There is no reply to message... ZFI
REQUEST This is my...request (or reply). ZAR
(1. First; 2. Second; 3. Third; etc.).
Bring message...to the circuit. ZDD
Request message...be transmitted. ZEE
ROUTING 1. Route traffic for...via... area ZOR
broadcast. 2. Beginning at ...traffic
for you (or...) will be routed
via...area broadcast.
Request area routing for message Area routing for messages for... is... ZOS
for…?
3H - 12
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
ROUTING How should traffic for...be Route traffic for...through... ZOU

(Cont’d) routed? (on...kHz (or MHz)).
Station designation preceding this ZOV
operating signal is the correct
routing for this message rerouted
by...
SERIAL/ Two messages (...and...) received ZFQ
CHANNEL under channel number(or station
NUMBER serial number)... Both released.
Cancel transmission...(made under ZFR
channel or station serial
number...).
Message...received without channel ZFT
number (or station serial number)
following message bearing channel
number (or station serial number)
... Message released.
Channel numbers...and...preceded ZFU
message... Lower number recorded
and higher number blanked.
Message...containing channel ZFV
number(s)...separated by portions of
the message, released subject to
correction. Take necessary action to
provide corrected copy(to).
BLANK channel number(s)... ZFW
Forward message...as channel
number...
Channel number (or station serial ZFX
number) is open.
This message (or message...) is ZIA
being (or has been) passed out of
proper sequence of station serial
numbers.
Two messages... and...(or group Change station serial number of ZIB
counts and time or origin... message...to read number...
and...), both received as serial or
number... What are correct serial Assign to message... station serial
numbers? number...
What is (are) station serial Station serial number(s) or channel ZIC
number(s) or channel number(s) number(s) of last message(s)
of last message(s) you transmitted to you (or to...) is
transmitted to me (or to...)? (are)...
What is (are) station serial Station serial number(s) or channel ZID
number(s) or channel number(s) number(s) of last message(s)
of last message(s) received from received from you (or from...) is
me (or from...)? (are)...
3H - 13
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
SERIAL Station serial number(s) or channel ZIE

CHANNEL number(s)...(from...) has (have) not
NUMBER been received. Repeat message(s) or
(Cont’d) cancel serial number(s) or channel
number(s).
I (or...) did not use serial ZIF
number(s)...
I am now changing my channel ZIJ
number/letter. Last number sent in
this series is that of this message.
What Channel Number(s) should Use Channel Number(s)…. ZIL
I use?
This is a SUBOPAUTH edited ZPJ
version, either addressees and/or
non-essential text have been
removed from this message.
Subsequent delivery of the
originators unedited message is not
intended unless requested.
This is a SUBOPAUTH edited ZPK
version, either addressees and/or
non-essential text have been
removed from this message. The
originators unedited message will
be delivered by other means.
Request unedited versions of edited ZPL
messages, broadcast number(s)...
be forwarded by means other than
the submarine broadcast.
SUBMARINE Messages which follows is a ZPP
SIGNAL submarine surfacing signal to be
cleared on calling frequency.
TAPE Rerun all tapes run on...since... (1. ZAS
Your present frequency;
2. ...kHz (or MHz); 3. Call sign...;
4. This channel or... channel).
Am preparing traffic (perforating ZAT
tape) for transmission.
TELEGRAM By what private enterprise (or The accounts for charges of my QRC
State administration) are charges station are settled by the private
for your accounts for station enterprise...(or State
settled? administration).
Shall I send... telegrams at a Send...telegrams at a time. QSG
time?
What is the charge to be collected The charge to be collected to... QSJ
to...including your internal including my internal telegraph
telegraph charge? charge is...francs.
3H - 14
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
TELEGRAM Shall I repeat the last telegram Repeat the last telegram which QSM
(Cont’d) which I sent you (or some number(s)...).you sent me (or
previous telegram)? telegram(s)
Shall I cancel telegram number Cancel telegram number...as if it QTA
... as if it had not been sent? had not been sent.
How many telegrams have you to I have...telegrams for you (or for...). QTC
send?
Pass the following...(1. Private- ZDU
message (telegram); 2. Service
Telegram...) (Number of words
charged for is...).
Private message (telegram) ZDV
received for... Request instructions.
Private messages (telegrams) are ZDY
not to be sent until further orders
(or until...).
TOLL What is the charge to be collected The charge to be collected to... QSJ
to... including our internal including my internal telegraph
telegraph charge? charge is...francs.
Will you relay to...free of charge? I will relay to...free of charge. QSP
3H - 15
(Reverse Blank)
ACP 131(E)
SECTION I
ENCODE
SECURITY AND CRYPTOGRAPHIC
AUTHENTI- What is authentication of... Authentication (of...) is... ZNB

CATION 1) Message...; 1) Message...;
2) Last transmission; 3) ...)? 2) Last transmission; 3) ...).
All transmissions will be ZNC
authenticated... 1) On all circuits;
2) On this circuit;
3) On...frequency).
You are using authenticator ZND
incorrectly... 1) Verify
authenticator system key;
2) Check authentication of your
last transmission).
I am prepared to authenticate. ZNE
This message (or message...) ZNQ
received at this station...
1) Without authentication (when
authentication is in force);
2) Incorrectly authenticated;
3) Correctly authenticated).
Following message has been ZNS
authenticated...(This signal is for
use only over approved/ on-line
circuits).
Following message has NOT been ZNT
authenticated...(This signal is for
use only over approved/ on-line
circuits).
AUTHENTIC- This channel (or...channel/circuit ZVF
ATION designated) is unserviceable for
classified traffic.
DECIPHER Plain-text tape of this message ZNH
should be prepared during process
of decipherment.
Unable to decrypt message... (from ZNO
indefinite call sign...).
Note: Only to be used under
circumstances laid down in
cryptographic instructions.
ENCIPHER You are encrypting...incorrectly (1. ZNA
Operating signals; 2. Radio call
signs; 3. Address groups).
NON- Do not forward this message ZNY
APPROVED unencrypted by radio or non-
CIRCUIT approved circuit.
3I - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
NON- This message may be forwarded ZNR

APPROVED without change by radio or non-
CIRCUIT approved circuit.
NON-HOLDERS Addressees who are not holders of ZNF
the cryptographic system employed
in the text need not decrypt
(decipher), but shall sight (read)
translation at first opportunity and
obtain copy if applicable.
Commands who are included in the ZNG
collective address used in this
heading, who are not holders of the
cryptographic system employed in
the text, are exempted.
Addressees who do not hold ZNK
cryptographic facilities are
exempted.
OPERATION Shift to...(1. On-line; 2. Plain) ZNI
operation now.
Transfer operation of channel now ZNP
to...
(1. Normal; 2. Top Secret;
3. Conference; 4. Engineering)
on-line cipher operation.
NOTE: This signal is for use only
when already in on-line cipher
operation.
PERSONNEL Message which follows is to be ZXS
handled by...
1) Officer Emergency
Cryptographic team;
2) Ratings Emergency
Cryptographic team;
3) Senior Comms Rating;
4) Junior Comms Rating
5) Coder (Educational).
QUERY Receiving Cryptographic Office ZNL
concerned should refer queries
relating to the text of this message
(e.g., requests for verification)
to...(address designators except
plain language). Note: To be used
in codress messages when
necessary to indicate originating
Crypto center and then normally
limited to messages of Immediate
precedence and above.
3I - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
RELAY This message is not to be ZXT

transmitted by radio telegraph or
radiotelephone in any form over
part of its route.
RELEASE Originator authorized the transfer ZNM
of this message into the secure
networks of all authorities
addressed provided the networks
are secured or approved for the
security classification of the
message involved.
SECURITY What are the security conditions Security conditions at my ZVE
of your termination(s) of this termination of this channel(or..
channel (or...channel/circuit .channel/circuit designated) are...
designated)? 1) Secured for Restricted
2) Secured for Confidential;
3) Secured for Secret;
4) Secured for Top Secret).
Note: The answer to this signal
may only be passed on circuits
cleared for classified traffic.
TRANSMISS- This message has been transmitted ZNJ
ION under serial number...at...by
station whose designation
follows...(1. By on-line cipher; 2. By
off-line encryption).
WEATHER This is a weather controlled ZIK
CONTROLLED message which is not to be
MESSAGE transmitted in the clear over radio
circuits.
3I - 3
(Reverse Blank)
ACP 131(E)
SECTION J
ENCODE
VISUAL
CALL SIGN What are the call signs of the Call signs of the ships in company ZJI
ships in company with you? with me are...(For visual use only).
EQUIPMENT ... 1) Flaghoist; ZJM
2) Semaphore
5) ALDIS;
6) Intermediate;
7) Heather;
8) Daylight signaling lantern;
9) Masthead flashing light;
10) Infrared;
11) Signal search light;
12) Omni-directional flashing light;
13) Directional flashing light.
EXERCISE Intensive flag signaling will take ZXR
place shortly (or in... minutes).
LIGHTS Read signaling light of... ZJA
Your light is unreadable... ZJH
(1. Not trained correctly; 2. Not
bright enough; 3. Too bright).
Directional lights of minimum ZJS
brilliancy are to be used for all
visual traffic between... and...
except for messages of precedence
priority and above requiring
transmission to two or more ships.
MESSAGES Message...has been passed to those ZJN
for whom I am responsible (or to...)
(at...) but "L" has not been received.
Message which follows is to be ZJP
encrypted and passed to all
addressees (by...). (Only to be used
by visual not liable to interception.)
PROCEDURES Use double-flash procedure. ZJJ
RELAY Visual relaying station between ZJF
senior officer (senior officer present
afloat) (or...) and... is to be...
3J - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
RELAY (Cont’d) Relay this message (or message...) ZOA

by visual (to...).
I will relay your call sign to senior ZOL
officer present afloat, whose call
sign is...
REPEAT Repeat all flashing (or semaphore) ZJG
messages made by the senior officer
(senior officer present afloat).
Repeat back each group of the text ZJO
of this message as it is transmitted.
Repeat signal (or message...) the ZJQ
afloat) (or ship indicated is now
transmitting or is about to
transmit.
SEMAPHORE Only semaphore is to be used for ZJR
visual signaling between...and...(or
from...).
SIGNAL Repeat all flag signals made by the ZJC
afloat).
Hoist the following signal. ZJL
USE Use... (1. Better light; 2. Better ZJD
background).
WATCH/ May I close down visual watch Close down visual watch now (or ZJB
GUARD now (or at...)? at...).
Set visual watch now (or at...). ZJE
Are you (or is...) visual guard I am (or...is) visual guard for... ZJK
for...?
3J - 2
ACP 131(E)
SECTION K
ENCODE
EXERCISE AND MISCELLANEOUS
AFFIRMATIVE Affirmative (Yes). ZUE

AIR RAID Air Raid...(1. Warning; 2. In ZUF
progress; 3. All clear).
AIR SUPPORT I have for you...(1. A request for ZXP
direct air support; 2. A reply to a
support request, precedence is...).
AT... At... ZUB
ATTENTION Your attention is invited to... ZUI
COMPLY, Unable to comply. ZUH
UNABLE
CORRECT You are correct. ZWG
Correct version of the part of the ZWN
last message (or message...) which
was sent incorrectly is...(or will be
found in...).
CONFERENCE ...(Appointment Code) desires key ...(Appointment Code) is now ready ZUK
conversation on this circuit to begin key conversation with...
with...(Appointment Code). Will (Appointment Code).
you indicate when you are ready?
DUTIES Stations are to answer... taking the ZWJ
following duties...A; ...B, ...C...etc.
EXERCISE Indicate name of...(1. Operator on ZWB
watch; 2. Senior rating on watch;
3. Operator who transmitted last
message (or message...)). Note:
This signal is authorized for use on
connection with operator training
only; it may not be used for any
other purpose.
The following is to be taken as ZWC
applying to personnel on watch
only.
Carry out communication... (visual ZWD
exercise number...) at...senior
officer (or...) is to conduct.
Voluntary exercise (number...) may ZWE
be carried out now (or at...).
Answer last question (or ZWI
question...).
3K - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE
EXERCISE Following is answer to the last ZWK

(Cont’d) question (or question...).
Correct answer to last question (or ZWM
question...) is...(or will be found
in...).
Following message (or question, or ZWO
exercise is for the exercise of... (1.
Junior operators; 2. Senior
operators; 3. Ratings on watch).
A junior operator is to carry ZWP
out...(1. A standard flashing
exercise; 2. A standard semaphore
exercise; 3. A standard
radiotelegraphy transmitting
exercise; 4. A standard radio-
telegraphy receiving exercise).
FROM From...to... ZUC
INCORRECT Incorrect. ZWF
NEGATIVE Negative (No). ZUG
ORDERS Until further orders (or until...). ZUD
RECONNAIS- I have for you...(1. A request for ZXQ
SANCE tactical reconnaissance;
2. A request for photographic
reconnaissance; 3. A request for
artillery reconnaissance).
Precedence is....
STANDBY Standby ZUJ
TIMING Request a timing signal now (or Timing signal will be transmitted ZUA
at...). now (or at...). The numerals
indicating the time will be followed
by a five second dash terminating
exactly at the time indicated.
TRY AGAIN Try again. ZWH
USE Shall I use...? Use... ZTD
Are you (or is...) able to use...? I am (or...is) able to use... ZTE
Cease using... ZTJ
I am (or...is) unable to use... ZTM
3K - 2
ACP131(E)
CHAPTER 4
MISCELLANEOUS ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
SECTION A - DECODE
ABBREVIATION SIGNIFICATION ABBREVIATION SIGNIFICATION

OF SYMBOL OR SYMBOL
AC Altocumulus. DB I cannot give you a
ACC Area control. bearing. You are not in
ACFT Aircraft the calibrated sector of
AD Aerodrome. this station.
ADZ Advise. DC The minimum of your
AERO Aero form of the signal is suitable for the
International Code. bearing.
AGN Again. DCT Direct (in relation to
AIR Relative to air. flight plan clearances and
ANT Before. type of approach).
APP Approach control. DES I am descending
APR After...(time or place) to...figures and units)
AFRFOR Area forecast. height above...(datum)).
ARR Arrive (or arrival). DF Your bearing at...hours
AS Altostratus. was...degree in the
ASC I am ascending doubtful sector of this
(to...figures and units) station, with a possible
height above...(datum)). error of...degrees.
ATC Air traffic control (in DRT Keep straight ahead.
general). DS Adjust your transmitter,
ATP At..(time or place). the minimum of your
AWY Airway. signal is too broad.
DT I cannot furnish you with
BABS Beam approach beacon a bearing, the minimum
system. of your signal is too
BCST Broadcast. broad.
BOH Break-off height. DU Position not guaranteed.
BRF Short (used to indicate DY This station is not able to
the type of approach determine the sense of the
desired or required). bearing. What is your
BTN Between. approximate direction
relative to this station?
CB Cumulonimbus. DZ Your bearing is
CC Cirrocumulus. reciprocal. (To be used
CEN Degrees centigrade. only by the control station
CI Cirrus of a group of direction-
CLA Clear type of ice finding stations when it is
formation. addressing stations of the
CLR Cleared to... same group).
CS Cirrostratus.
CTA Control area.
CTR Control zone.
CU Cumulus.
4A - 1
ACP131(E)
DECODE

OF SYMBOL OR SYMBOL
E East or Eastern HR Hours (period of time).
longitude.
ER Here... Aeronautical IAR Intersection of air routes.
Note: In the ID Identification.
international aeronautical IFR Instrument flight rules.
telecommunication ILS Instrument landing
service ER may also be system.
used to indicate Here IMI Interrogation sign
with be used to indicate (question mark) (..--..).
Herewith.. IMT Immediately.
ERB Landing off runway is INA Initial approach.
permitted. INF Below...
ETA Estimated time of arrival. INP If not possible.
ETD Estimated time of INS Inches (dimensional unit).
departure. IR Ice on runway.
ETI The information is IRL Intersection of range legs.
estimated. IVB If forward visibility is less
than... (figures and
FAH Degrees Fahrenheit. units).
FBL Light (used to qualify IVR If forward flight visibility
icing, turbulence, remains... (figures and
interference or static units).
reports.
FIOR Flight forecast. KC, KCS, Kilocycles/kilohertz
FIR Flight information region. kHz per second
FL The indication of vertical KG Kilograms.
distance is given as flight KM Kilometers.
level reference number. KNH Kilometers per hour.
FLT Flight. KT Knots.
FNA Final approach.
FOT Units of English system. LB Pounds (weight).
FSL Full stop landing. LEFT Left (direction of turn).
FT Feet (dimensional unit). LF Low frequency (30 to 300
kHz.).
GCA Ground controlled LNG Long (used to indicate the
approach system. type of approach desired
GEO Geographic or true. or required).
GMT Greenwich mean time. LRG Long range.
GND Relative to ground. LSA Low intensity approach
lighting system.
HBN Hazard beacon. LSB High intensity approach
HEL Helicopter. lighting system.
HF High frequency (3,000 to
30,000 kHz.). M Meters.
MAG Magnetic.
4A - 2
ACP131(E)
DECODE

OF SYMBOL OR SYMBOL
MB Millibars. NDB Non-directional radio
MC, MCS or Megacycles/megahertz beacon.
MHz per second. NE North-East.
MER The indication of vertical NIL I have nothing to send to
distance is given as you.
TRUE height above mean NM Nautical mile(s).
sea level (e.g. after NML Normal.
applying the correction NO No.
for ambient temperature NORTH North (cardinal point of
to the altitude reading of direction).
a pressure altimeter set NR Number.
to QNH). NS Nimbostratus.
MET Meteorological.. NW North-West.
MF Medium frequency (300 to OPA White type of ice
3,000 kHz.). formation.
MKR Marker radio beacon. OPC The control indicated is
ML Statute mile(s). Operational Control.
MN Minute (or minutes). ORD Indication of an order.
MOD Moderate (used to qualify
icing, turbulence, PLA Practice low approach.
interference or static PP Descent through cloud
reports). (procedures).
MPH Statute miles per hour. PRES The indication of vertical
MRG Medium range. distance is (or is to be)
MS Minus. replaced by the indication
MSL The indication of vertical of the pressure, expressed
distance is given as the in millibars, at the level
reading, without and the position of the
correction for ambient aircraft.
temperature, of a PREVU The information refers to
pressure altimeter set to forecast and not to
QNH. present conditions.
MTU Metric units. PSGR Passenger(s).
MX Mixed type of ice PS Plus.
formation (white and PTN Procedure turn.
clear).
N North latitude. (To be QUAD Quadrant.
used only with figures
indicating latitude, e.g. RAD The control referred to is
4730N.) Aeronautical Radio Control.
Note: In the maritime RCA Reach cruising altitude.
mobile service, the RDO Radio.
abbreviation N signifies REP Reporting point.
No and is used in that RITE Right (direction of turn).
service to give a negative RNG Radio range.
sense to Q signals. RNWY Runway.
ROFOR Route forecast.
4A - 3
ACP131(E)
DECODE

OF SYMBOL OR SYMBOL
RON Receiving only. TER The indication of vertical
RP Rapid. distance is given as
RTT Radio-teletypewriter. TRUE height above
RUT Standard regional route official aerodrome level
transmitting freqs. (e.g. after applying the
correction for ambient
S South or Southern temperature to the
latitude. vertical distance reading
SAP As soon as possible. of a pressure altimeter set
SC Stratocumulus. to QFE).
SE South-East. TFZ Traffic zone.
SEV Severe (used to qualify TGL Touch and go landing.
icing and turbulence TIL Until.
reports). TIP Until past... (place).
SID Standard instrument TO To...(place).
departure. TRB It is not necessary to keep
SKED Schedule. to the runways and taxi
SLW Slow. ways after landing.
SOL The indication of vertical TT Teletypewriter.
distance is given as the TWR Aerodrome control.
reading, without
correction for ambient UAB Until advised by...
temperature, of a UFN Until further notice.
pressure altimeter set to
QFE. (The abbreviation VAN Runway control van.
should only be used in the VIA By way of...
vicinity of the station VIO Heavy (used to qualify
which provided the QFE interference or static
setting.) reports).
SRG Short range. VFR Visual flight rules.
ST Stratus. VHR Very high frequency
STA Straight in approach. (30,000 kHz. to 300
STD The indication of vertical MHz).
distance is given as the VLR Very long range.
reading, without VOR VHF omni-directional
correction for ambient radio range.
temperature, of a VSA By visual reference to the
pressure altimeter having ground.
the sub-scale set to 1013.2
millibars (29.92 inches). W West or Western
SUP Above... longitude.
SW South-West. WX Weather.
TAF Abbreviated aerodrome XS Atmospheric.

forecast.
TAFOR Aerodrome forecast. YD Yards.
YR Your.
4A - 4
ACP 131(E)
MISCELLANEOUS ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
SECTION B - ENCODE

OR SYMBOL OR SYMBOL
A
DJ Bearing doubtful because
TAF Abbreviated aerodrome of interference.
forecast DI Bearing doubtful in
SUP Above... consequence of the bad
DS Adjust your transmitter, quality of your signal.
the minimum of your ANT Before.
signal is too board. INF Below...
ADZ Advise. BTN Between.
AERO Aero form of the BOH Break-off height.
International Code. BCST Broadcast.
AD Aerodrome.
TWR Aerodrome control. VSA By visual reference to the
TAFOR Aerodrome forecast. ground.
APR After...(time or place). VIA By way of..
AGN Again.
AIR Relative to air. C
ACFT Aircraft.
ATC Air traffic control (in CC Cirrocumulus.
general). CS Cirrostratus
AWY Airway. CI Cirrus.
AC Altocumulus. CLA Clear type of ice
AS Altostratus. formation.
APP Approach control. CLR Clear to...
ACC Area control. CTA Control area.
ARFOR Area forecast. CTR Control zone.
ARR Arrive (or arrival). CB Cumulonimbus.
SAP As soon as possible. CU Cumulus.
ATP At...(time or place).
XS Atmospherics. D
B CEN Degrees centigrade.

FAH Degrees Fahrenheit.
BABS Beam approach beacon PP Descent through cloud
system. (procedure).
DO Bearing doubtful. Ask for DCT Direct (in relation to flight
another bearing later (or plan clearance and type of
at...hours). approach).
4B - 1
ACP131(E)
ENCODE

OR SYMBOL OR SYMBOL
E I
E East or Eastern longitude. ASC I am ascending

ETA Estimated time of arrival. (to...(figures and units)
ETD Estimated time of DES I am descending
departure. (to...(figures and units)
height above...(datum)).
F DT I cannot furnish you with
a bearing, the minimum
FT Feet (dimension unit). of your signal is too broad.
FNA Final approach. DB I cannot give you a
FLT Flight. bearing. You are not in
FIFOR Flight forecast. the calibrated sector of
FIR Flight information region. this station.
FSL Full stop landing. IR Ice on the runway.
ID Identification.
G IVR If forward flight visibility
remains..(figures and
GEO Geographic or true. units).
GMT Greenwich mean time.
GCA Ground controlled IVB If forward visibility is less
approach system. than...(figures and units).
NIL I have nothing to sent to
you.
H ORD Indication of an order.
INP If not possible.
HBN Hazard beacon.
IMT Immediately.
VIO Heavy (used to qualify
INS Inches (dimensional unit).
interference or static
INA Initial approach.
reports).
IFR Instrument flight rules.
HEL Helicopter.
ILS Instrument landing
ER Here...Aeronautical Note:
system.
In the international
IMI Interrogation sign
aeronautical
(question mark)(..--..)
telecommunication service
IAR Intersection of air routes.
ER may also be used to
IRL Intersection of range legs.
indicate Herewith...
TRB It is not necessary to keep
HF High frequency (3,000 to
the runways and taxi ways
30,000kHz.)
after landing.
LSB High intensity approach
lighting system.
HR Hours (period of time).
4B - 2
ACP131(E)
ENCODE

OR SYMBOL OR SYMBOL
K MOD Moderate (used to qualify

icing, turbulence,
DRT Keep straight ahead. interference or static
KC, KCS, kHz Kilocycles/kilohertz per reports).
second.
KG Kilograms. N
KM Kilometers.
KMH Kilometers per hours. NM Nautical mile(s).
KT Knots. NS Nimbostratus.
NO No.
L NDB Non-directional radio
beacon.
ERB Landing off a runway is NML Normal.
permitted. NORTH North (cardinal point
LEFT Left (direction of turn) direction).
FBL Light (used to qualify NE North-East.
icing, turbulence, N North latitude. (to be
interference or static used only with figures
reports). indicating latitude, e.g.
LNG Long (used to indicate the 473ON.) Aeronautical
type of approach desired or NOTE: In the maritime
required). mobile service, the
LRG Long range. abbreviation N signifies
LF Low frequency (30 to 300 No and is used in that
kHz.). service to give a negative
LSA Long intensity approach sense to Q signals.
lighting system. NW North-West.
NR Number.
M NDB Non-directional radio
beacon.
MAG Magnetic.
MNTN Maintain. P
MKR Marker radio beacon.
MF Medium frequency (300 to PSGR Passenger(s).
3000 kHz). DG Please advise me if you
MRG Medium range. note an error in the
MC, MCS Megacycles/megahertz or bearing given.
MHz per second. PS Plus.
MET Meteorological. DU Position not guaranteed.
M Meters DP Possible error of bearing
MTU Metric Units. may amount to...degrees.
MB Millibars. LB Pounds (weight)
MS Minus. PLA Practice low approach.
MN Minute (or minutes). PTN Procedure turn.
MX Mixed type of ice .
formation (white and
clear).
4B - 3
ACP131(E)
ENCODE

OR SYMBOL OR SYMBOL
Q T
QUAD Quadrant TT Teletypewriter.

OPC The control indicated is
R Operational Control.
RAD The control referred to is
RDO Radio. Radio Control.
RNG Radio range FL The indication of vertical
RTT Radio teletypewriter. distance is given as flight
RP Rapid. level reference number.
RCA Reach cruising altitude. STD The indication of vertical
RON Receiving only. distance is given as the
AIR Relative to air. reading without correction
GND Relative to ground. for ambient temperature,
REP Reporting point. of a pressure altimeter
RITE Right (direction of turn). having the sub-scale set to
ROFOR Route forecast. 1013.2 millibars (29.92
RNWY Runway. inches).
VAN Runway control van. TER The indication of vertical
distance is given as TRUE
S height above official
aerodrome level (e.g. after
SKED Schedule. applying the correction for
SEV Severe (used to qualify ambient temperature to
icing and turbulence the vertical distance
reports). reading of a pressure
BRF Short (used to indicate the altimeter set to QFE).
type of approach desired or PRES The indication of vertical
required). distance is (or is to be)
SRG Short range. replaced by the indication
SLW Slow. of the pressure, expressed
S South or Southern in millibars, at the level
latitude. and the position of the
SE South-East. aircraft.
SW South-West. MER The indication of vertical
SIA Standard instrument distance is given as TRUE
approach. height above mean sea
SID Standard instrument level (e.g. after applying
departure. the correction for ambient
RUT Standard regional route temperature to the
transmitting frequencies. altitude reading of a
ML Statue mile(s). pressure altimeter set to
MPH Statue miles per hour. QNH).
STA Straight in approach. ETI The information is
SC Stratocumulus. estimated.
ST Stratus.
4B - 4
ACP131(E)
ENCODE

OR SYMBOL OR SYMBOL
T (Cont’d) W
PREV The information refers to WX Weather.

forecast and not to present W West or Western
conditions. longitude.
SOL The indication of vertical OPA White type of ice
distance is given as the formation.
reading, without
correction for ambient Y
temperature, of a pressure
altimeter set to QFE. YD Yards.
(The abbreviation should YR Your.
only be used in the DF Your bearing at...hours
vicinity of the station was...degrees in the
which provided the QFE doubtful sector of this
setting.) station, with a possible
DC The minimum of your error of...degrees.
signal is suitable for the DZ Your bearing is reciprocal.
bearing. (To be used only by the
DY This station is not able to Control Station of a group
determine the sense of the of direction-finding
bearing. What is your stations when it is
approximate direction addressing stations of the
relative to this station? same group).
TO TO...(place).
TGL Touch and go landing.
TFZ Traffic zone.
FOT Units of English system.

TIL Until.
UAB Until advised by...
UFN Until further notice.
TIP Until past...(place).
VHF Very high frequency

(30,000 kHz to 300 MHz).
VOR VHF omni-directional
radio range.
VLR Very long range.
VFR Visual flight rules.
4B - 5
(Reverse Blank)
ACP 131(E)
CHAPTER 5
SERIES ZYA - ZZZ
DECODE
(Reserved for intra-nation, intra--service.

or intra-command use.)
ZYA
ZYB
ZYC
ZYD
ZYE
ZYF
ZYG
ZYH
ZYI
ZYJ
ZYK
ZYL
ZYM
ZYN
ZYO
ZYP
ZYQ
ZYR
ZYS
ZYT
5- 1
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZYU
ZYV
ZYW
ZYX
ZYY
ZYZ
ZZA
ZZB
ZZC
ZZD
ZZE
ZZF
ZZG
ZZH
ZZI
ZZJ
ZZK
ZZL
ZZM
ZZN
ZZO
ZZP
ZZQ
ZZR
5- 2
ACP 131(E)
DECODE
ZZS
ZZT
ZZU
ZZV
ZZW
ZZX
ZZY
ZZZ
5- 3
(Reverse Blank)
ACP 131(E)
CHAPTER 6
DESIGNATION OF EMISSIONS
601. EMISSION DESIGNATION FEATURES
Full designation of emissions will comprise a total of nine alphanumeric symbols, the first seven
being mandatory. The symbols provide details of the following characteristics:
a. Necessary Bandwidth. The first four symbols provide details of the necessary bandwidth
which can range from 0.001Hz to 999GHZ.
b. Classification. The next three symbols provide details of the basic characteristics of the
emission.
c. Additional Characteristics. The last two symbols, which are optional, describe any
additional characteristics which may be useful in providing a more complete description of the emission.
Where the fourth or fifth symbol is not used, this should be indicated by a dash where each symbol
would otherwise appear.
602. NECESSARY BANDWIDTH - THE FIRST FOUR SYMBOLS
The necessary bandwidth shall be expressed by three numerals and one letter. The letter
occupies the position of the decimal point; it represents the unit of bandwidth and may be H for hertz, K
for kilohertz, M for megahertz or G for gigahertz. In order to avoid a given bandwidth being expressed
in more than one way, depending upon the choice of the unit, it is specified that the first character shall
be neither zero nor K, M or G. It is further specified that the
necessary bandwidth:
- between 0.001 and 999Hz shall be expressed in Hz (letter H);
- between 1.00 and 999kHz shall be expressed in kHz (letter K);
- between 1.00 and 999MHz shall be expressed in MHz (letter M);
- between 1.00 and 999GHz shall be expressed in GHz (letter G).
Examples
Necessary Bandwidth Method of Designation
23.3Hz 25H3
850Hz 850H
5.45 kHz 5K45
25.45kHz 25K5
16 kHz 16K0
1.25MHz 1M25
2Mhz 2M00
5.65GHz 5G65
6- 1
ACP 131(E)
603. CLASSIFICATION - THE NEXT THREE SYMBOLS
The next three symbols describe the basic characteristics of the radio emission. It is not
possible to give the minimum required information on the emission without the use of all three symbols.
a. First symbol - type of modulation of the main carrier
(1) Emission of an unmodulated carrier N
(2) Emission in which the main carrier is amplitude-modulated (including

cases where sub-carrier are angle-modulated).
(a) Double-sideband A
(b) Single-sideband, full carrier H
(c) Single-sideband, reduced or variable level carrier R
(d) Single-sideband, suppressed carrier J
(e) Independent sideband B
(f) Vestigial sideband C
(3) Emission in which the main carrier is angle-modulated
(a) Frequency modulation F
(b) Phase modulation G
(4) Emission in which the main carrier is amplitude and angle- modulated
either simultaneously or in a pre-established sequence. D
(5) Emission of pulses (1)
(a) Sequence of unmodulated pulses P
(b) A sequence of pulses
(i) modulated in amplitude K
(ii) modulated in width/duration L
(iii) modulated in position/phase M
(iv) in which the carrier is angle-modulated during the period

of the pulse Q
(v) which is a combination of the foregoing or is produced by

other means V
6- 2
ACP 131(E)
(6) Cases not covered above, in which an emission consists of the main carrier
modulated, either simultaneously or in a pre-established sequence, in a
combination of two or more of the following modes: amplitude, angle, pulse W
(7) Cases not otherwise covered X
b. Second symbol - nature of signal(s) modulating the main carrier
(1) No modulating signal 0
(2) A single channel containing quantized or digital information without

the use of a modulating sub-carrier (2) 1
(3) A single channel containing quantized or digital information with

the use of a modulating sub-carrier (2) 2
(4) A single channel containing analogue information 3
(5) Two or more channels containing quantized or digital information 7
(6) Two or more channels containing analogue information 8
(7) Composite system with one or more channels containing quantized or

digital information, together with one or more channels containing
analogue information. 9
(8) Cases not otherwise covered. X
c. Third symbol - Type of information to be transmitted (3)
(1) No information transmitted N
(2) Telegraphy - for aural reception A
(3) Telegraphy - for automatic reception B
(4) Facsimile C
(5) Data transmission, telemetry, telecommand D
(6) Telephony (including sound broadcasting) E
(7) Television (video) F
(8) Combination of the above W
(9) Cases not otherwise covered X
6- 3
ACP 131(E)
604. ADDITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS - THE LAST TWO SYMBOLS
These symbols describe any additional characteristics useful in providing a more complete
description of the emission. The use of these symbols is optional; however, they would not normally be
used except where their use could assist in resolving cases of harmful interference to military radio
system.
a. The fourth symbol defines details of signal(s);
b. The fifth symbol defines nature of multiplexing.
605. FOURTH SYMBOL - DETAILS OF SIGNAL(S)
a. Two-condition code with elements of differing numbers and/or durations A
b. Two-condition code with elements of the same number and duration without
error-correction B
c. Two-condition code with elements of the same number and duration with
error-correction C
d. Four-condition code in which each condition represents a signal element

(of one or more bits) D
e. Multi-condition code in which each condition represents a signal element

(of one or more bits) E
f. Multi-condition code in which each condition or combination of conditions

represents a character F
g. Sound of broadcasting quality (monophonic) G
h. Sound of broadcasting quality (stereophonic or quadrophonic) H
i. Sound of commercial quality (excluding categories given in sub-paragraphs (j)

and (k) below J
j. Sound of commercial quality with the use of frequency inversion or

band-splitting K
k. Sound of commercial quality with separate frequency-modulated signals to

control the level of demodulated signal L
l. Monochrome M
m. Colour N
n. Combination of the above W
o. Cases not otherwise covered X
6- 4
ACP 131(E)
606. FIFTH SYMBOL - NATURE OF MULTIPLEXING
a. None N
b. Code-division multiplex (4) C
c. Frequency-division multiplex F
d. Time-division multiplex T
e. Combination of frequency-division multiplex and time-division multiplex W
f. Other types of multiplexing X
NOTES:
(1) Emissions, where the main carrier is directly modulated by a signal which has been coded
into quantized form (e.g. pulse code modulation) should be designated under paragraph 603.a.(1) and
603.a.(3).
(2) This excludes time-division multiplex.
(3) In this context the word "information" does not include information of a constant unvarying
nature such as provided by standard frequency emissions, continuous wave and pulse radar, etc.
(4) This includes bandwidth expansion techniques.
607. THE CLASSIFICATION OF TYPICAL EMISSIONS IS TABULATED AS FOLLOWS:
Type of Modulation Type of Transmission Supplementary Symbol

of Main Carrier Characteristics
Amplitude Modulation With no modulation N0N

Telegraphy without the use of A1A (for aural
modulating audio frequency (by reception
on-off
Telegraphy by the on-off keying A2A (for aural
of an amplitude modulating reception)
audio frequency or audio
frequencies, or by the on-off
keying of the modulated
emission (special case: an
unkeyed emission amplitude
modulated)
Telephony Double Sideband Single A3E
Sideband,
6- 5
ACP 131(E)
Type of Modulation of Type of Transmission Supplementary Symbol

Main Carrier Characteristics
Amplitude Modulation Full carrier Single H3E

(Cont’d) Sideband
Reduced carrier Single R3E
Sideband
Suppressed carrier J3E
Two independent B8E
sidebands
Facsimle (with modulation of
main carrier either directly
or by a frequency modulated A3C
sub-carrier
Single sideband, R3C
reduced carrier
Television Vestigial sideband C3F
Multi-channel voice Single sideband, R7B
frequency telegraphy reduced carrier
Cases not covered by the Two independent B9W
above, e.g. a combination of sidebands
telephony and telegraphy
Frequency (or Phase) Telegrapyhy by frequency 1st Symbol
Modulation shift keying without the use F = frequency
of a modulating audio modulation
frequency: one of two G = Phase
frequencies being emitted at F1A = (for aural)
any instant. G1A = reception
Telegraphy by the on-off F2A = (for aural)
keying of a frequency G2A = reception
modulating audio frequency
or by the on-off keying of a
frequency modulated
emission (special case: an
unkeyed emission, frequency
modulated.
Telephony F3E
G3E
Facsimile by direct frequency F3C
modulation of the carrier G3C
Television F3F
G3F
Four-frequency diplex F7B
telegraphy G7B
Cases not covered by the FXX (1)
above, in which the main
carrier is frequency
modulated
6- 6
ACP 131(E)
Type of Modulation of Type of Transmission Supplementary Symbol

Main Carrier Characteristics
Pulse Modulation A pulsed carrier without any P0N

modulation intended to carry
information (e.g. radar)
Telegraphy by the on-off K1A (for aural
keying of a pulsed carrier reception)
without the use of a
modulating audio frequency
Telegraphy by the on-off Audio frequency or K2A (for aural
keying of a modulating audio audio frequencies reception)
frequency or audio modulating the
frequencies, or by the on-off amplitude of the pulses
keying of a modulated
pulsed carrier (special case;
an unkeyed modulated
pulsed carrier).
Audio frequency or L2A (for aural
audio frequencies reception)
modulating the width
(or duration) of the
pulses
Audio frequency or M2A (for aural
audio frequencies reception)
modulating the phase
(or position of the
pulses)
Telephony Amplitude modulated K3E
pulses
Width (or duration) L3E
modulated pulses.
Phase (or duration) M3E
modulated pulses Code
modulated pulses (after V3E
sampling and (for example)
quantization)
Cases not covered by the FXX (1)
above in which the main
carrier is pulse modulated
Notes: 1. The symbols XX are available for systems where for security or other reasons it would be
preferable not to disclose details of the emission.
6- 7
(Reverse Blank)
ACP131(E)
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
Subject Matter Page Numbers Change in Effect
Title Page i (Reverse Blank) Original
Foreword iii (Reverse Blank) Original
CCEB Letter of Promulgation v (Reverse Blank) Original
Record of Changes vii (Reverse Blank) Original
Table of Contents ix to xi (Reverse Blank) Original
Chapter 1 1-1 to 1-4 Original
Chapter 2A 2A-1 to 2A-26 Original
Chapter 2B 2B-1 to 2B-35 (Reverse Blank) Original
Chapter 3C 3C-1 to 3C-3 (Reverse Blank) Original
Chapter 3D 3D-1 to 3D-11 (Reverse Blank) Original
Chapter 3E 3E-1 to 3E-8 Original
Chapter 3F 3F-1 to 3F-14 Original
Chapter 3G 3G-1 to 3G-9 (Reverse Blank) Original
Chapter 3H 3H-1 to 3H-15 (Reverse Blank) Original
Chapter 3I 3I-1 to 3I-3 (Reverse Blank) Original
Chapter 3J 3J-1 to 3J-2 Original
Chapter 3K 3K-1 to 3K-2 Original
Chapter 5 5-1 to 5-3 (Reverse Blank) Original
Chapter 6 6-1 to 6-7 (Reverse Blank) Original
List of Effective Pages LEP 1 (Reverse Blank) Original
LEP - 1
(Reverse Blank)

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ACP131(E)

1. ACP 131, COMMUNICATION INSTRUCTIONS, OPERATING SIGNALS, is an

5. This publication may be carried in aircraft for use therein.

THE COMBINED COMMUNICATION-ELECTRONICS BOARD

FOR ACP 131(E)

Publication Effective for Date Authority

3. Service-originated correspondence will be forwarded through the normal military chain of

For the CCEB Principals:

RECORD OF CHANGES AND CORRECTIONS

Enter Change or Correction in Appropriate Column

Identification of Change or Date Entered By whom entered

Title Page ........................................................................................................i

CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

CHAPTER 2 - OPERATING SIGNALS - DECODE

QAA - QAZ.....................................................................................................2A1 - 2A3

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont’d)

ZAA - ZAZ .....................................................................................................2B1 - 2B2

CHAPTER 3 - OPERATING SIGNALS - ENCODE

Search and Rescue............................................................................................3A1 - 3A4

CHAPTER 4 - MISCELLANEOUS ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

Decode .............................................................................................................4A1 - 4A4

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont’d)

ZYA - ZZA........................................................................................................5-1 - 5-3

CHAPTER 6 - DESIGNATION OF EMISSIONS

Emission Designation Features.........................................................................6-1

List of Effective Pages.......................................................................................LEP-1

This publication includes:

a. Operating Signals from the following series of international civil Q code:

a. Action. Q or Z signals ordering or indicating that an action is to be taken (a change of

b. Affirmatives or Negatives. Operating signals, as appropriate, will be used by allied

Examples (of replies):

(2) To allied military stations by using the appropriate Q or Z signal:

Examples (of replies):

(a) QHZ means: (Yes) Circle the aerodrome (or go around).

(2) ZKO BG2 means: I have handed over guard to BG2.

f. Numbered Alternates. Q and Z signals with numbered alternate meanings will be

(1) QCB2 means: Delay is being caused by your slowness in answering.

(2) ZAP5 means: Work single sideband.

g. Plain Language. Plain unabbreviated language is authorized for use to complete or

h. Questions. Operating signals, as appropriate, will be used by allied military stations to

i. Security. Operating signals possess no security. They must be regarded as the

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

QAM What is the latest available Meteorological observation made at...(place)

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

QAZ Are you experiencing communication I am experiencing communication difficulties

a) the lowest individual layer of any amount;

EXAMPLE: = QBB CYUL 1300 2 300 FT 3 1500 FT 6 9000 FT =

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

QDU Cancel my IFR flight plan.

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

QFZ What is the aerodrome meteorological The aerodrome meteorological forecast

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER

SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER