NAME - ARPIT MIMANI

TH
CLASS - 12

ROLL NUMBER - 7

SUBJECT - PHYSICAL
EDUCATION

TOPIC - DESCRIPTION
OF FAVOURATE GAME
Divine child international
school , adalaj

PROJECT FILE

2014-15

CLASS : 12TH
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
KHO–KHO
 INDEX
S.NO. TOPIC
1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
2 CERTIFICATE
3 PREFACE
4 HISTORY
5 LATEST GENERAL RULES
6 FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
7 IMPORTANT FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
8 TERMINOLOGY
9 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
10 PROPER SPORTS GEARS AND ITS IMPORTANCE
11 HOW TO PLAY
12 EXCERCISES FOR KHO-KHO
13 IMPORTANT TOURNAMENTS
14 COMMON INJURIES IN KHO-KHO
15 PREVENTATION OF INJURIES
16 TREATMMENT OF INJURIES
17 AWARDS IN KHO-KHO
18 WOMEN IN KHO-KHO
19 VIOLATION AND FAULTS IN KHO-KHO
20 KHO-KHO IN SCHOOL
21 ME AND MY KHO-KHO
22 BODY MASS INDEX
23 MEASURING OF RESTING HEART RATE
24 AAPHERD PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST
25 BOOKS ON KHO-KHO
26 MEASUREMENTS OF PLAYFIELD
27 KHO-KHO GROUND
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I feel proud to present my project in Physical Education on the
topic “ Kho-Kho ”. This project would not have been possible
without the proper and rigorous guidance of my Physical
Education teacher Mr. Guman Singh Chauhan who guided me in
every possible way . I am also thankful to the school in helping
me in every possible way .
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. Arpit Mimani of class 12TH science Divine
Child International School , Adalaj Gandhinagar has submitted the
project entitled as “ Kho-Kho ” as a part of practical examination
of AISSCE conducted by CBSE was carried out under guidance and
supervision of Mr. Guman Singh Chauhan during the academic year
2014-15 .

Guman Singh Chauhan

DCIS , Adalaj External Examiner

 PREFACE
Kho-Kho ranks as one of the most popular traditional sports in
India . The origin of Kho-Kho is difficult to trace , but many historians
believe , that it is a modified form of 'Run Chase' , which in its
simplest form involves chasing and touching a person . With its
origin in Maharashtra , Kho-Kho in ancient times , was played on
'raths' or chariots , and was known as Rathera.

Like all Indian games , it is simple , inexpensive and enjoyable . It

does , however , demand physical fitness , strength , speed and
stamina , and a certain amount of ability . Dodging , feinting and
bursts of controlled speed make this game quite thrilling . To catch
by pursuit - to chase , rather than just run - is the capstone of Kho-
Kho . The game develops qualities such as obedience , discipline ,
sportsmanship , and loyalty between team members.

The rules of the game were framed in the beginning of the 20th
century . At Gymkhana Poona , a Committee was formed in 1914 , to
frame its rules. The first ever rules on Kho-Kho were published
from Gymkhana Baroda , in 1924 . In 1959-60 , the first national
Kho-Kho championship was organised in Vijayawada ,Andhra
Pradesh . The Government has initiated the following awards for
the game are Arjuna Award , Eklavya Award for men , Rani Laxmi
Bai award for women , Veer Abhimanyu award for boys under 18 ,
and Janaki award for girls under 16 .
 HISTORY
Kho- Kho is an indian game. This game was originated in Poona in
Maharashtra . The popularity and development of this game has
been associated with the development of Akharas and
Vyayamshalas in Maharashtra . Hanuman Vyayam Pracharak
Mandal , Baroda provided this game a modern form . Akhil
Maharashtra Sharirik Shikshan Mandal was formed in 1928 AD .
This organisation provided a lot of help in the development and
popularization of this game . The Deccan Gymkhana arranged a
conference in Poona , in which rules of this game were framed .

In 1960 , Kho-Kho federation of India was formed . In this year ,

the first National Championship of men was organised . In 1961 ,
Kho-Kho Championship for women was started . A demonstration
of Kho-Kho match was presented in 1982 Asian Games , which
were held in Delhi , but it has not been included in Asian Game
so far .
 LATEST GENERAL RULES
1. The runner or the chasing is decided by toss .
2. A match consists of two innings of chasing and defending
turns .
3. Each team consists of 12 players , but only 9 players take the
field .
4. The captain of chasing side may end the turn before allotted
time .
5. The side that scores more points wins a match .
6. When a defender is out , he should enter the sitting box
from the lobby .
7. The team that takes the shortest time to tag or tap all the
opponents in the field wins .
8. There is a pole on each end . The runner can go between
two players who are sitting in zig -zag manner , but the
chaser is not allowed to turn back while running and go
between the players . But chaser can go to pole and touch it
and can go back or go to other side .
9. Incomplete match for unaviodable reasons should be played
in the same session , with the same players and officials . The
score of the completed turn should be counted . For
incomplete turn , the match will start a fresh . The entire
match should be replayed from the beginning if the
incomplete match is not played in the same session .
 FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
1. Chasing Skills :-

 Giving Kho
 Taking Direction
 Sudden Change
 Tapping
 Turning Round the Post
 Trapping
 Diving
 Fake Kho
 Late Kho

2 . Running Skills :-

 Position on the court

 Running
 Avoiding trapping
 Positioning near the post
 Dodging
 Front dodge
 Back dodge
 Round the post dodge

IMPORTANT
 FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
1. Giving Kho : A chaser must say the word “Kho” when he is
touching the sitting chaser . It is a foul if he does not say
this word .

2. Taking direction : After receiving the Kho , a chaser should take

his first step out of the cross lane with care because that
step will decided is direction of move .

3. Fake Kho : In such Kho , the chaser pretends to give Kho but
actually he follows the runner .

4. Tapping : Tapping is touching an active runner by extending

an arm . Tapping should be done when the runner is on the
post while tapping the body should lean forward an arm
should be extended completely .

5. Trapping : For trapping , the active chaser should try to bring

two or three runners to one side or towards the post .The
situation is called trapping .

6. Diving : In this technique , a chaser pounces on an active

runner to touch him spontaneously . It requires a lot of
courage and practice for being an expert diver .

TERMINOLOGY
 1. Chasers : The players , who sit in the squares are called
chasers .

2. Runners : The runners are those players who are chased by

an active chaser . He wants touch or tap them .

3. Active Chaser : Active chaser is that player who persuades the

runners to pull them out .

4. Square : It is a place for the chsers to sit down .

5. Fake Kho : Pretending to give Kho but actually he does not .

6. Extra Period : Any period played afer the end of a regulation

game in order to break a tie .

7. Feet Out : If both feet of the runner touch the ground

beyond the side lines , the player is given out .

8. Inning : The nine minutes duration of the game may be

chasing or running is known as inning .

9. Free Zone : This is an area where both runner and chaser

can move in any direction .

DODGING :-
DIVING :-
TAPPING :-
GIVING KHO :-

FAKE KHO :-
TURNING AROUND THE POST :-
EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED
 Poles or post
 Strings
 Metallic measuring tape
 Lime powder
 Wire nails
 Two watches
 Types of rings having inner circumference of 30 cm and 40 cm
 Score shots
 Stationery to write results
 Anklet
 Arm guard

POLES MEASURING TAPE ARM GUARDS

 Proper sports gearS
and itS importance

There is no specific gear or protective equipment , used for playing

Kho-Kho . In this game , the requirement of sports gear is very
less , such as poles , sports kit , anklet , arm guard etc . Poles should
not be sharp edged , they should be smooth . The court should be
smooth and clean and not at all slippery . Using protective
equipments of very high quality are therefore , very much required
in this game .

HOW TO PLAY
Each team consists of twelve players , but only nine players take
the field for a contest . A match consists of two innings . An
innings consists of chasing and running turns of seven minutes
each . Eight members of the chasing team sit in their eight squares
on the central lane , alternately facing the opposite direction , while
the ninth member is an active chaser , and stands at either of the
posts , ready to begin the pursuit . Members of the chasing team
have to put their opponent out , touching them with their palms ,
but without committing a foul. All the action in Kho -Kho is
provided by the defenders , who try to play out the seven minutes
time , and the chasers who try to dismiss them .

A defender can be dismissed in three ways :-

1. If he is touched by an active chaser with his palm without

committing a foul .

2. If he goes out of the limits on his own .

3. If he enters the limit late .

Defenders enter the limit , in batches of three . After the third and
last defender of batch is out , the next batch must enter the limits ,
before a 'Kho' is given by the successful active chaser . Defenders
have full freedom of movement on both sides of the central lane ,
but the active chaser cannot change the direction to which he is
committed . He cannot cross the central lane . An active chaser can
change position with a seated chaser , by touching him from
behind by palm , and uttering the word 'kho' loudly , and
simultaneously , chase or attack is build up through a series of
'kho' as the chase continues with a relay of chasers .

At the end of the innings there is an interval of 5 minutes and an

interval of 2 minutes , in between the turns . Each side alternates
between chasing and defence .

Kho-Kho can be played by men , women , and children of all ages .

The game requires a very small piece of evenly surfaced ground ,
rectangular in shape and 27m by 15m . The only equipment
required are the two poles . The game lasts not more than 37
minutes .

EXERCISES FOR KHO-KHO

1. SPECIFIC EXCERCISES OF WARM UP :

First of all general warming up should be done jogging or slow

running should be done for 4 or 5 minutes . Then exercise like
running on the spot with high knee action , bending forward ,
backward and sideways , legs splitting and bending forward and
backward , alternate stretching of legs and arms , arms
rotation , shoulder circles , calf stretch and legs swinging should
be done .

2. SPECIFIC EXERCISE OF CONDITIONING :

Specific exercise for conditioning are required for each game .

Exercise in training schedule should be calculated to better vital
capacity , muscalor strength , speed , flexibility , endurance and
coordinative abilities . There should be proper provision of
following exercises of conditioning are :

 Continuous slow running for improving endurance .

 Weight training like full squats , half squats , lunging , jumping
with light weight on back etc .
 Acceleration runs , wind sprints , circuit training should be
performed in preparatory period .
 Stretching exercise like hamstring stretch , stretching arms
forward , backwards and sideways should also be performed
during training .
IMPORTANT TOURNAMENTS
The following championships are organized for this game are
National Championships , Junior National , Sub Junior National
Championship , School Championship , Mini School Championship ,
Primary Mini School Championship , National Women
Championship , All India Inter University Championship , Nehru Cup
and Federation Cup .

KHO-KHO FEDERATION MAHARASHTRA KHO-KHO

OF INDIA ASSOCIATION

COMMON INJURIES IN
 KHO-KHO
 Contusion and Abrasion may occur in the game of Kho-Kho .
 Sprain in ankle and knee .
 Strain in hamstring and thigh .
 Fracture due to falling .

PREVENTION OF INJURIES
 The Kho-Kho field should be smooth and there should not
be any stones or small pebbles or other hard objects which
are likely to cause injuries to the Kho-Kho players .

 Warming up is really very essential for preventing injuries .

Therefore , all the Kho-Kho players should do proper warming
up prior to the general practice on competition .

 Protective equipments should be used by players .

 The player should be well aware regarding rules and

regulations of the game .

 Players should use protective equipments both during the

practice or training and competition .

 During the practice , they should use their concentration and

anticipation abilites to the maximum .

TREATMENT OF INJURIES

 Cold compression should be used immediately . The Cold

compression should be performed 5 to 6 times daily
 If there is more swelling at the sight of injury , the anti-
inflammatory medicine should be given .

 If the swelling still persists , consult the doctor immediately .

 For the purpose of rehabitlitation , the flexibility excercises

should be performed carefully .

AWARDS IN KHO-KHO

YEAR ARJUNA AWARDEES

1970 Sudhir Parav
1971 Archana Divre
1973 Bhavana Parav
1974 Neelima Sarolkar
 1975 Miss Usha Nagarkar , Srirang Inamdar
1976 D.S. Ramchandra
1980-81 Shanta Ram Jadhav
1981 Sushma Sarolkar , Hemant Kalalkar
1983-84 S. Prakash , Veena Parav
1985- 86 Surekha Kulkarni
1998 Shobha Narayan

YEAR DRONACHARYA AWARDEES

2001 E. Gopal Purshotam

ARJUNA AWARD DRONACHARYA AWARD

WOMEN IN KHO-KHO
 Neelima Sarolkar : She was an outstanding player of Kho-Kho .
She was awarded Arjuna Award in 1974 .

 Shobha Narayan : She was the famous Kho-Kho player . She

was awarded Arjuna Award in 1998 .
 Surekha Kulkarni : She was also an outstanding player of Kho-
Kho . Due to her outstanding achievements in Kho-Kho . She
was awarded Arjuna Award in 1985-86 .

SHOBHA SUREKHA NEELIMA

NARAYAN KULKARNI SAROLKAR

VIOLATION AND FAULTS

IN KHO-KHO

 Crossing or touching of central lane by any part of the

body except note is an offence . It shall be treated as foul .
 An attacker shall not give kho by touching the arm or leg or
any part of the body extended or tilted towards him by a
chaser .
 The national time needed to sit on the square after giving
kho must be allowed . However this should not obstruct the
game of defender . If he does so it should be decided as
foul .
 When attacker while going in a particular direction turns his
shoulder through more than a right angle to the direction
which he has already taken it shall be a foul .
 The action of moving or tilting shoulder thigh or any part of
the body towards a defender who is running near the
central lane and closer to a chaser shall be treated as a
foul .
 Kho-kho in school
Kho-Kho at school is the discipline which involves the cultural
and teaching method of our country . The teacher uses various
elements of Kho-Kho in order to stimulate the coordination ,
learning of social development of children of the group or
class . It also help in physical , mental and emotional
development of child .

The rules are deciden in relation to their education interest and

it is recommended to adapt the court according to the
capabilities of children . The size of the court and the member
of players can vary depending on the available space .
 Me and my kho-kho

Kho-Kho has been one of my most favourite game . It always

fun to play Kho-Kho . Even though I have not been part of
formal Kho-Kho competitions since my 12TH grade for me , it still
is a great way of passing time . It helps in improving my
judgement and concentration . Moreover Kho-Kho is a refreshing
sport .

BODY MASS INDEX

Body Mass Index can be calculated by dividing your body weight
in ‘ kg ’ by your height in ‘ m ’ . The WHO criteria for
underweight , healthy or normal weight , overweight and obesity
by BMI .

CATEGORY BMI
Underweight <18.5
Normal weight 18.5-24.9
Overweight 25-29.9
Obesity Class I 30-34.9
Obesity Class II 35-39.9
Obesity Class III >40

BMI chart of my friends :-

 S.N Name Weigh Height BMI Category
o t
1 Jim 55 kg 1.70 m 19.0 Normal weight
3
2 Sapan 58 kg 1.65 m 21.3 Normal weight
0
3 Atish 50 kg 1.76 m 16.1 Underweight
4
4 Hardik 47 kg 1.69 m 16.4 Underweight
6
5 Pulkit 59 kg 1.74 m 19.4 Normal weight
8
6 Abhina 53 kg 1.66 m 19.2 Normal weight
v 3
7 Yug 49 kg 1.72 m 16.5 Underweight
6
8 Hitesh 54 kg 1.68 m 19.1 Normal weight
3
9 Priyam 45 kg 1.77 m 14.3 Underweight
6
10 Akash 48 kg 1.67 m 17.2 Underweight
1

MEASUREMENT OF
RESTING HEART
RATE
The heart rate of an individual can be measured at any spot on
the body at which an artery is close to the surface and pulse
can be felt .

Resting heart rate :-

The number of beats per minute should be taken after period of
2 to 5 minutes after awakening and the individual should be
still in bed because you should give your body some time to
adjust for taking your pulses .

Heart rate of my ten friends for three weeks :-

S.No Name Age Resting Heart Rate

1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week
1 Jim 17 68 72 70
2 Sapan 16 84 89 87
3 Atish 18 76 72 81
4 Hardik 17 91 93 88
5 Pulkit 16 85 83 78
6 Abhinav 18 67 69 65
7 Yug 17 73 77 79
8 Hitesh 16 63 67 62
9 Priyam 18 89 93 81
10 Akash 17 80 85 75

Graph for resting heart ratio for consecutive

three weeks :-
HERE :-

A --> Jim
B --> Sapan
C --> Atish
D --> Hardik
E --> Pulkit
F --> Abhinav
G --> Yug
H --> Hitesh
I --> Priyam
J --> Akash

AAPHERD PHYSICAL
FITNESS TEST
The American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and
Dance (AAHPERD), previously known as the Association for Health,
Physical Education and recreation, is an organization providing support
to professionals specializing in health, physical education, recreation
and dance.

The following items were included :-

 Pull-ups for boys and Flexed-arm hangs for girls .

 Flexed-leg sit-ups .
 Shuttle run .
 Standing long jump .
 50-yard dash .
 600-yard run-walk .

Aapherd physical fitness chart of my 10 friends :-

 A B C D E
S.No Name 60 m Poi Standing Poi Bent Poi Basket Poi Shuttle Poi
( in sec ) nts Broad nts Knee nts Ball nts Run nts
Jump Sit-ups Throw 4 × 10 M
( in M ) ( in M ) ( in M ) ( in sec )

1 Jim 9.0 10 1.45 7 16 6 10.50 8 11.00 8

2 Sapan 11.0 4 2.00 10 12 4 5.00 3 12.00 5
3 Atish 9.2 9 1.85 8 25 10 7.00 5 11.30 7
4 Hardik 12.0 2 0.80 4 14 5 6.00 4 10.70 9
5 Pulkit 10.6 5 1.65 9 18 7 12.00 10 12.80 3
6 Abhinav 9.5 8 0.60 3 04 1 9.50 7 11.60 6
7 Yug 12.5 1 0.50 2 10 3 3.50 1 12.40 4
8 Hitesh 10.2 6 1.25 6 20 8 8.50 6 13.50 2
9 Priyam 11.5 3 0.40 1 23 9 4.00 2 14.50 1
10 Akash 9.8 7 1.00 5 07 2 11.50 9 10.50 10

BOOKS ON KHO-KHO

 National club games rule book kho kho Indian olympics .

 Kho -Kho Avalokan-Gauri Chakarvarti .
 MEASUREMENTS OF
PLAYFIELD
 Shape of the playfield = rectangular
 Total area including lobby = 33m × 21m
 Playfield ( length and breadth ) = 29m × 16m
 Free zone = 27m × 16m
 Central lane = 23.50m × 30cms
 Cross lane = 16m × 30cms
 Distance between the last line and the first line = 2.50m
 Each court is divided by the central line = 7.85m
 Squares = 8 square ( 30cms × 30cms ) each
 Posts = 2 ( 120cms each )
 Duration of each innings interval = 9 minutes
 Follow on = 9 or more points
 Interval = 5 minutes
 Officials ( Umpires-2 , Timekeeper-1 , Referee-1 , Scorer-1 ) = 5
 Total inning = 4 ( 2 innings for each team )

KHO-KHO GROUND