Wide-Band Circular Patch Antenna For Pattern Diversity Application
Wide-Band Circular Patch Antenna For Pattern Diversity Application
Wide-Band Circular Patch Antenna For Pattern Diversity Application
fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI
10.1109/LAWP.2015.2403358, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
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Abstract—A low-profile wide-band circular patch antenna with [4]-[7]. However, the research about the combination of the two
pattern diversity is proposed. The TM11 mode of the patch is ex- patterns in a single wide-band patch antenna needs more at-
cited by two feeding loops with in-phase current, which radiates tention according to the modern communications demands. It is
broadside beam. The TM01 mode is excited by another set of
feeding loops with anti-phase current, which radiates conical
difficult that the pattern diversity antenna on a common aper-
beam. The two modes can operate at an overlapped frequency ture has a wide-band overlapped frequency range and also
range. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. The keeps the advantages when it operates at each single mode in a
measured impedance bandwidth (VSWR < 2) for the broadside simplified structure.
beam is from 1.71 GHz to 2.25 GHz, and for the conical beam is Several single patch antennas that have the diversity capa-
from 1.36 GHz to 2.17 GHz. The measured gains of the broadside bility of providing broadside radiation pattern and mono-
beams and conical beams are 8 dBi - 9.7 dBi and 3.8 dBi - 6.4 dBi,
respectively. The isolation between the two input ports is better
pole-like radiation pattern have been studied. In [8]-[9], the
than -25 dB. The antenna can be used as a pattern diversity an- circular patch antenna can radiate the conical beams and
tenna for modern mobile communications. broadside beams separately by two different sets of L-shaped
probes. However, the hybrid ring match network for the
Index Terms—Circular patch antenna, pattern diversity, broadside beam is complex. A hybrid-fed circular patch an-
broadside beam, conical beam, wide-band antenna. tenna operating at TM11 and TM01 modes was proposed for
WLAN applications with high isolation [10]. The L-shaped
probes in [8]-[9] and the driven rod in [10] make them impos-
I. INTRODUCTION sible to realize in full PCB fabrication. In [11], a small-size
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B. Parametric Analysis
The circular patch is with the thickness of H=19mm (0.12,
(a) (b) where is the free space wavelength referred to 1.85GHz. The
Fig. 2. Magnetic field distribution for: (a) broadside beam and (b) conical
beam. radius of the circular patch operating in TM11 and TM01 modes
can be obtained by the operating frequency and the air substrate
ground plane by an air substrate of thickness of H. Port 1 is thickness. They are about 33.5mm (0.21) and 79mm (0.49)
excited for the broadside beam and Port 2 is for the conical respectively. In order to combine the two modes in a single
beam. As shown in Fig. 1(b), two feeding open loops are placed patch at a overlapped frequency range, the proposed circular
in the y-z plane. In order to excite the TM11 mode of the patch, patch has a radius of R=45mm (0.28), in which two shorted
the two loops should provide two equivalent magnetic current posts are placed with Rp away from the patch center to achieve
in phase. To simplify the feed structure, the two loops are the impedance match for the two modes. The dimensions of the
placed mirror symmetrically and the two output microstrip proposed circular patch are shown in Table I.
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This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI
10.1109/LAWP.2015.2403358, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
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(a) (b)
Fig. 4. Zin for broadside beam with different shorted post position Rp: (a) real
part and (b) imaginary part.
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ized radiation patterns for the broadside beam and the conical is higher than the simulated one due to the background noise.
beam in the operating band. When one port is measured, the The radiations variation in the azimuth plane is between 0.84
other is terminated with a broadband load of 50 ohms. It is dB and 2.6 dB in the range of 1.4 GHz to 1.9 GHz. At the upper
shown that the radiation patterns of the two beams are com- frequency range, the azimuthal ripple is increased due to the
plementary with each other. For broadside radiation patterns, field distortion. The measured peak gains for the broadside
the measured cross-polarization level is about -20 dB. For beams are about 8 dBi - 9.7 dBi from 1.7 GHz to 2.2 GHz and
conical radiation patterns, the measured co-polarized patterns for the conical beams are about 3.8 dBi - 6.4 dBi from 1.4 GHz
in the elevation plane are symmetric and the cross-polarization to 2.2 GHz, as shown in Table II.
levels are about -13 dB. The measured cross-polarization level TABLE II
MEASURED GAINS OF THE ANTENNA
Frequency (GHz) 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2
Gain Broadside 9 9.3 9.7 9.5 8.8 8
(dBi) Conical 4.2 4.2 3.8 4.5 4.2 4.6 5 6.4 6.3
IV. CONCLUSION
A wide-band circular patch antenna with different radiation
patterns fed by two different sets of symmetrical feeding open
loops has been presented. The TM11 mode and the TM01 mode
of the circular patch are excited at an overlapped operating
(a) (b) range on a common aperture. The printed shorted posts are used
for impedance match under the operations of two beams. The
low-profile antenna (about 0.120) can provide a broadside
radiation pattern and a conical radiation pattern in a wide-band
range, which support a hemispherical coverage for indoor dis-
tributed communication systems. The proposed design pro-
vides flexibility in pattern diversity antenna with full PCB
technology that is important in mass production.
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1536-1225 (c) 2015 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. See
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