CHAPTER 3: EVALUATING MESSAGES 3) What objects/ elements stand out?

5) Establish your baseline

4) What objects/words seems out of
“Language is not an exterior medium or place? LESSON 2: THE POWER OF NONVERBAL
instrument into which I pour a self 5) What culture prevails in CUES
and from which I glean a reflection understanding the message
of that self … Indeed to understand conveyed? “Our interpersonal effectiveness depends
identify as a practice, and as a 6) What general note can be drawn on more than words. Nonverbal
signifying practice, is to understand from the picture? messages add to or detract from
culturally intelligible subjects as the Guide Question in Evaluating Messages our words. In effect, we become the
resulting effects of a rule-bound 1) How is the message conveyed? message, with our nonverbal cues
discourse that inserts itself in the 2) What belief is used to support the announcing our state of mind,
pervasive and mundane signifying message? expectations, and sense of self. Our
acts of linguistic life.” 3) In what way is the message best entire beings chatter incessantly,
– Butler, 1990 delivered? revealing what we really feel and
4) To what extent is the impact of the think.” –
LESSON 1: A Picture Paints a Thousand message felt? www.sagepub.com/gambleic
Words – is an English language 5) Who is the addressee of the
adage. It refers to the notion that message? TYPES OF NONVERBAL CUES
some complex ideas can be 6) What ethos does the message Kinesics – Facial expressions, gestures, eye
conveyed with just a single picture, support? movement, posture, rate of walk
this picture conveys its meaning or Paralinguistics – How words are spoken,
essence Simple unlocking - pinning down a meaning variations in the voice
Napoleon Bonaparte – he considers ‘one- to something without Proxemics – How space and distance are
acknowledging the culture of the used
sided account’ no longer stand as
author is perhaps considered as an 4 types of Space
sell-outs more effectively than a
offense. Intimate, personal, social, public
description does.
Haptics – Different types of touching
Clothing and artifacts – Appearance and
Guide Questions in Unlocking Messages Easy steps
style
1) What is the general motif of the 1) Determine what you will evaluate Color – Variations in clothing and
picture? 2) Define your goal environmental colors
2) How does the motif reflect 3) State your objective Chronemics – Using time to communicate
interrelatedness of the elements? 4) Identify your audience Oculesics – using eyes to communicate
Objectives – using objects location appropriate to your 4) Identification of points of
- using nose/smell communication activities and agreement and points of difference
Iconics – using icons surveying them on the spot 5) Active listening and questioning to
Vocalics – using sounds LESSON 3: PEEKING THROUGH clarify points of discussion
Pictics – using lips PROMOTIONS 6) Non-verbal communication
Rich expressions provide rich meanings. The techniques to reinforce messages
eyes primarily reflect the tonality of “I believe that life is hard. That we all are 7) Use of appropriate language,
an individual. going to walk through things that avoiding jargons, acronyms and
are hard and challenging, and yet colloquialisms
Common Evaluation Techniques advertising wants us to believe that 8) Bargaining strategies, including
Interviews – it consists of selecting a it’s all easy.” attempts to achieve win-win
handful of individuals who – Jasmine Lee Curtis outcomes
represent the base of your 9) Developing agreements verbally
audience and asking targeted yet Evaluating messages – is a process of and in writing
open-ended questions. negotiation where speakers 10) Using appropriate cultural
Focus Group – moderated by a facilitator conclude about what has been behavior
and allow people to bounce ideas presented verbally or in writing.
off one another, building a richer Van der Wagen (2008) – he introduces the CHAPTER 4: REGISTERS
set of data. 10 communication tools and tactics “Language is an archaeological vehicle, full
Surveys – you may be able to ask some that help individuals attain a of the remnants of dead and living
open-ended questions, it is also systematic negotiation of meaning. pasts, lost and buried civilizations
administered in person, allowing and technologies. The language we
you to also observe the respondent Communication Tools and Tactics in
speak is a whole palimpsest pf
and gather additional data based Negotiation
human effort and history.”
on his/her reactions to the 1) Preparatory research of the facts of
questions. the business situation or parties to - Russel Hoban in an interview, cf.
the agreement Haffenden 1985
Pre-determined population 2) Identification of goals of the
Snowball sampling - you would ask a negotiation and limits to the Language register – the level/scale we use
respondent if they know a friend discussion when we write and speak.
who would be interested in taking 3) Clarification of the needs of all Register - variety of language that
the survey. parties, including third party determined by degree of formality
Intercept survey - “intercepting” members stakeholders such such as suppliers and choice of vocabulary.
of your audience at a particular and contractors
5 Types of Language Register 3) Tenor “Who” – it’s signal difficulty 3) Your love is like the wind – I can’t
1) Frozen Register – never changes in identifying what message is see it but I can feel it. (A Walk to
Example; the bible, the Lord’s prayer, laws, really conveyed. Remember)
preamble to the ph constitution 4) Sometimes doing nothing is the
2) Formal/Academic Register – refers LESSON 2: TENOR hardest thing to do. (Tyrion, Games
to one-way communication and of Thrones)
always in complete words. “I’ve learned that people will forget what 5) The greatest enemy of your is
Example; intro between strangers, you said, people will forget what yourself. (Bruce Lee, Enter the
speeches, standard for work, you did, but people will never Dragon)
school, public offices, etc. forget how you made them feel.” 6) People hate what they understand.
3) Consultative Register – two-way - Maya Angelou (Martha, Superman)
participation, professional setting 7) Revenge is best served sold. (Man
Example; doctor-patient, lawyer-client, Levels by which Tenor on fire)
teacher-student, etc. First, examine the role
4) Casual Register – very informal Second, look into the expected LESSON 3: THE CORPORATE WORLD
language, ellipsis and slang are characteristics whether they
common employed or not. “Power and position is never slave to
Examples; friends, acquaintances, family, Third, consider the value system shared by someone, it moves with time.”
teammates, chats and blogs. constituents - Himmilicious
5) Intimate Register – shared Tenor is marked by power relations which
between couples, family and very could either be equal or unequal. Careful Communication – is one in fulfilling
close friend a smoother transmission of ideas in
Punchlines – a sentence or statements that the corporate world
3 Dimension of Register makes a point/ idea Van der Wagen – he points out that the
1) Field “What” - refers to the subj Famous Punchlines: analysis (SWOT) is made easy with
matter of the text 1) Incompetence shall never be certain steps such as knowing the
2) Mode “How” – refers to the text rewarded with blind loyalty. project scope, objectives, financial
construction, looking at whether it (Varys, Games of Thrones) viability and project milestones.
is based on written/spoken forms 2) With great power comes great Pitching – a product is more likely to
of communication responsibility. (Spiderman) swallow anyone up if he’s not as
prepared as his competitor.
Success – is primarily based on how he Digital Storytelling Association: the we perceive the world and use this
could convey the messages which modern expression of the ancient understanding as a guide to our
have a high probability to be art story telling, using digital media communication with others.”
accepted by the CEOs. to create media-rich stories to tell, - Tony Robbins
to share, and to preserve.
CHAPTER 5: THE e-PARADIGM Language – a system of symbols in
“Rapid changes in technology have created CHAPTER 6: COMMUNICATION FOR communicating.
a market, and a society, where VARIOUS PURPOSES Informative communication – pertains to
information is king.” the presentation of messages that are
- Rahim, E. & Dawson M., Colorado “Communication is a systematic process of objective, truthful, and unbiased.
Technical University Faculty dissemination of information which Affective communication – takes place
will serve its purpose for inquiry, when people express their positive and
LESSON 1: MULTIMODAL ENGAGEMENT information, reservation and negative feelings about people,
entertainment.” circumstances or events.
Multimodal texts – prompts readers to be - Martinez, 2002 Imaginative communication – who express
more skillful in acknowledging their appreciation on fictional messages
differences from one mode to LESSON 1: COMMUNICATION from books, film, and conversation.
another. FUNDAMENTALS Persuasive communication – takes place
Software resources include: when people attempt influence the beliefs
PhotoStory 3, Movie maker, iMovie: allow Oliver Schinkte: Communication is a critical or actions of others
users to integrate images, part of our daily lives, and it is something Ritualistic communication – when people
narration and sound; Animoto that we often overlook and fail to practice. are able to meet social expectations
combines images, sound and print Basic Communication Principles
Audacity: lets you record, edit and mix 1) Know your purpose WHY DO PEOPLE COMMUNICATE?
narration and music 2) Know your audience 1) To inform
Videolicious 2: enables users to combine 3) Organize your ideas 2) To evoke
videos, photos, music and stories 4) Follow basic communication 3) To entertain
through a simple talk and tap principles 4) To argue
process 5) 5) To persuade
Voicethread: uses voice along with LESSON 2: PURPOSE OF COMMUNICATION
documents, snapshots, daigrans “To effectively communicate, we must Kinds of Speech according to Purpose
and videos. realize that we are all different in the way
 1) Informative Speech – 4) Extemporaneous Speech – where Rhetorical situation – the circumstances
according to Osborn and the topics or ideas are prepared when you give your speech or presentation
Osborn and informative beforehand Sociolect – variety of language. of a
speech it gives rather than asks particular social class
or takes LESSON 3: RHETOTICAL SITUATIONS Dialect – mostly spoken inside the house
2) Persuasive Speech – Gronbeck Idiolect – style of an individual in using
(1994) explains that persuasive “Take advantage of every opportunity to language and speech habits peculiar to a
speaking is the process of practice your communication skills, so that particular person
producing oral messages that when important occasions arise, you will Regional dialect – peculiar to a specific
increase personal have the gif, the style, the sharpness, the region/ social group
commitment, modify beliefs, clarity, and the emotions to affect other Ethnolect – native language by ethno
attitudes, or values people” linguistic group/ ethnic group
3) Argumentative Speech – aims - Jim Rohn
to persuade the audience to Types of Advertisement
assent to the plausibility of the Johnson-Sheehan and Paine – state that an - Billboards, flyers, tv commercials,
speaker’s side of a debatable awareness of rhetorical situations can help social media,
question in both composition and analysis.
Miller and Web (1995) – identified Characteristic of Punchlines
Kinds of Speech according to Delivery additional components to consider in
1) Read Speech – reading from a communication called the rhetorical
manuscript is manner of speaking situation which includes: author, audience,
where a written speech is read and purpose, topic, and occasion.
delivered word for word.
2) Memorized Speech – which is FIVE RHETORICAL SITUATIONS
mastered and delivered entirely 1) Author
from memory 2) Audience
3) Impromptu Speech – develops his 3) Purpose
or her ideas, thoughts, and 4) Topic
language at the moment of 5) Occasion
delivery 6)
Rhetoric – the art of public speaking