INTERNATIONAL IS0

STANDARD 11496
First edition
1993-l l-l 5

Seamless and welded steel tubes for

pressure purposes - Ultrasonic testing of
tube ends for the detection of laminar
imperfections

Tubes en acier soudhs et sans soudure pour service sous pression -

Contr6le par ultrasons des extr&mit& de tube pour la dhection des
dhdoublures de laminage

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b&,@$// Reference number
IS0 11496:1993(E)

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 Foreword

IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide

federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are

circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.

International Standard IS0 11496 was prepared by Technical Committee

ISO/TC 17, Steel, Sub-Committee SC 19, Technical delivery conditions for
steel tubes for pressure purposes.

0 IS0 1993
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without per-
mission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland

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 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 11496:1993(E)

Seamless and welded steel tubes for pressure

purposes - Ultrasonic testing of tube ends for the
detection of laminar imperfections

1 Scope 3 General requirements

1.1 This International Standard specifies require- 3.1 The ultrasonic inspection covered by this Inter-
ments for full peripheral ultrasonic testing of the ends national Standard is usually carried out on tubes after
completion of all the primary production process op-

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of seamless and welded tubes for the detection of
laminar imperfections. erations.

It is intended to detect, over a zone at the ends of These activities shall be carried out by personnel cer-
plain end and bevelled end tubes, laminar tificated in accordance with IS0 11484, as nominated
imperfections which may interfere with subsequent by the manufacturer. In the case of third-party in-
fabrication operations (e.g. welding, ultrasonic in- spection, this shall be agreed between the purchaser
spection of welds, etc.). and manufacturer.

3.2 The surfaces of the tube end zones to be tested

1.2 This International Standard is applicable to the
shall be sufficiently free from foreign matter which
inspection of tubes with an outside diameter greater
would interfere with the validity of the test.
than 30 mm. No lower limit of thickness is specified,
but see note 1.
4 Method of test
NOTE 1 For thicknesses less than 5 mm, difficulties can
be experienced in detecting laminar imperfections by this
method. When such difficulties arise, an agreement be- 4.1 The tube end zone at both tube ends shall be
tween the purchaser and manufacturer is required to de- tested using an ultrasonic pulse echo technique for
termine the testing technique to be adopted. the detection of laminar imperfections, with
ultrasound transmitted in the direction normal to the
tube surface.
2 Normative reference
4.2 During testing, the tubes and/or the transducer
The following standard contains provisions which, assembly shall be moved relative to each other so
through reference in this text, constitute provisions that the whole of the tube surface is scanned from
of this International Standard. At the time of publi- the outside surface, or the inside surface where ap-
cation, the edition indicated was valid. All standards propriate, over a 25 mm or 2a wide band (a = wall
are subject to revision, and parties to agreements thickness) with a maximum of 50 mm, whichever is
based on this International Standard are encouraged the greater, from the point where the outside surface
to investigate the possibility of applying the most re- meets the end face or bevel.
cent edition of the standard indicated below. Mem-
bers of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently In the case of submerged arc-welded tubes, when the
valid International Standards. weld reinforcement precludes a test for laminar
imperfections close to and over the reinforcement, a
IS0 11484:-l), Steel tubes for pressure purposes - 25 mm wide zone on either side of the weld re-
Qualification and certification of non-destructive test- inforcement shall not be inspected unless the pur-
ing (NDTI personnel. chaser and manufacturer agree to do so. The

1) To be published.

1
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 IS0 11496:1993(E)

reinforcement is removed by dressing to permit a full 5.2 The ultrasonic equipment shall be calibrated ei-
peripheral test to be executed. ther electronically with a plain tubular test piece (see
7.1 .I), or using reference standards comprising flat
4.3 The maximum width of each individual bottomed round, square or rectangular recesses (see
transducer, measured parallel to the major axis of the figure 1) machined into the inner surface of a tubular
tube, shall be 25 mm. test piece (see 7.1.2).

4.4 The equipment for automatic or semi-automatic 5.3 The test piece shall have the same nominal di-
testing (when used) shall be capable of differentiating ameter, thickness and surface finish as the tube to
between acceptable and suspect tubes by means of be tested, and shall have similar acoustic properties
an automatic trigger/alarm level. (e.g. velocity, attenuation coefficient, etc.).

NOTE 2 It is stressed that the ultrasonic technique de- 6 Dimensions of reference standard
scribed in this International Standard may not reveal the
presence of laminar imperfections which may occur on the
plain or bevelled end face. As a result, either liquid 6.1 The dimensions of the reference standard,
penetrant or magnetic particle inspection of the end face is when used, shall be as follows:
often employed. In the latter case, longitudinal or radial
magnetization is used. 6.1.1 Width (circumferential dimension)

5 Reference standards 6 mm +‘t %

5.1 The reference standards defined in this Inter- 6.1.2 Recess depth
national Standard are convenient standards for cali-
bration of non-destructive testing equipment. The Between l/4 and l/2 of the nominal tube thickness.
dimensions of these standards should not be con-
strued as the minimum size of imperfection detect- 6.2 The reference standard dimensions and shape
able by such equipment. shall be verified by a suitable technique.

Dimensions in millimetres

ae
90
+
\o
1 II

Longitudinal
axIs
0 q
*
a11
.- -.--.-. -.-. .

(I) (ii) (Iii) I

1/4o~h-=1/3c7,h=10max.

1 = length of rectangular recess (only restriction: I> 6)

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b = width of rectangular recess

h = depth of rectangular recess
a = wall thickness of tube

Figure 1 - Reference recess forms

2
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 IS0 11496:1993(E)

7 Equipment calibration and checking 7.5 If on checking during production testing the
calibration requirements are not satisfied, even after
increasing the test sensitivity by 3 dB to allow for
7.1 The equipment shall be calibrated statically us-
system drift, then all tubes tested since the previous
ing either electronic means in accordance with 7.1 .l
check shall be retested after the equipment has been
or a reference standard in accordance with 7.1.2.
recalibrated.
7.1.1 Calibration using an electronic technique Retesting shall be necessary even after a drop in test
sensitivity of more than 3 dB since the previous cali-
With the transducer assembly positioned on the tu- bration, provided that suitable recordings from indi-
bular test piece, the full amplitude of the first back vidually identifiable tubes are available which permit
wall echo minus 6 dB shall be used to set the accurate classification into suspect and acceptable
trigger/alarm level of the equipment. categories.
At the start of the production testing run, the manu-
facturer shall demonstrate that, at the set sensitivity, 8 Acceptance
the equipment will detect, under static conditions, the
reference recess as given in 5.2 and figure 1. If not, 8.1 Any tube not producing a trigger/alarm condition
the necessary adjustment in sensitivity shall be made shall be deemed to have passed this test.
prior to the testing of production tubes.
8.2 Any tube producing a trigger/alarm condition
In certain circumstances for manual ultrasonic testing,
shall be designated suspect, or at the manufacturer’s
the test sensitivity shall be established with DAC
option, may be retested as specified above.
curves as supplied by the transducer manufacturer or
DAC curves as prepared by the tube manufacturer
using, in both cases, the 5 mm flat bottom hole curve. 8.3 If, on retesting, no trigger/alarm condition is ob-
tained, the tube shall be deemed to have passed this
7.1.2 Calibration using a reference standard test. Tubes producing a trigger/alarm condition shall
be designated suspect.
Under static conditions, with the transducer or each
transducer in turn centrally located over the reference 8.4 For suspect tubes, the manufacturer may either
recess, the full signal amplitude of the signal obtained reject the tube or crop off the suspect area. In the
from the reference recess shall be used to set the latter case, the manufacturer shall ensure to the sat-
trigger/alarm level of the equipment. isfaction of the purchaser that all the suspect area has
been removed, and subject the end zone of the re-
maining length to a repeat test as specified above.
7.2 During the production testing of tubes, the rela-
tive rotational and translational speeds together with
the equipment pulse repetition frequency, shall be 9 Test report
chosen to provide full surface coverage of the end
zone at both ends of each tube. When specified, the manufacturer shall submit to the
purchaser a test report that includes, at least, the fol-

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7.3 The calibration of the equipment shall be lowing information:
checked at regular intervals during the production
testing of tubes of the same diameter, thickness and a) reference to this International Standard;
grade.
b) date of test report;
The frequency of checking the calibration shall be at
least every 4 h or once every ten production tubes cl acceptance level;
tested, whichever is the longer time period, but also
whenever there is an equipment operator changeover d) statement of conformity;
and at the start and end of the production run.
e) material designation by grade and size;
NOTE 3 In cases where a production testing run is con-
tinuous from one shift period to the next, the 4 h maximum f) type and details of inspection technique;
period may be extended by agreement between the pur-
chaser and manufacturer.
9) description of the reference standard;
7.4 The equipment shall be recalibrated following h) equipment calibration and method used.
any system adjustments or whenever the specified
nominal tube diameter, wall thickness or grade of
steel is changed.

3
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.
 IS0 11496:1993(E)

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UDC 669.14-462.98:621.774.2/.3:620.179.16
Descriptors: pipes (tubes), pressure pipes, metal tubes, steel tubes, seamless tubes, welded tubes, ends, tests, non-destructive
tests, ultrasonic tests.
Price based on 3 pages

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