CURRENT TRANSFORMER TESTING

1. Visual Inspection

 Inspect for physical damage / defects

 Check nameplate information for correctness.
 Check that all grounding cables are securely connected.
 Check color coded for secondary wiring and size of wires against specification.
 Check proper lugs has been used in termination.
 Check CT’s location physically and secondary terminal labeling printed.
 Check tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torque-wrench method.
 Check single point grounding of each core done properly. Grounding point shall be nearer to the
CT location. However grounding shall be at relay point in case of several CT secondary connected
together like differential protection
 2. Insulation Resistance Test

 The insulation resistance shall be checked at the terminals with respect to ground / earth
with a 1KV DC Voltage for One minute.

P1

S1

M EG G ER

S2

P2
IN S U L A T I O N T E S T A R R A N G E M E N T

3. Winding Resistance Measurement

 Take CT Resistance measurements at the CT Terminals or at the Terminal Blocks in the

LV compartment using a Micro-ohm meter.

P1

S1

MILIOHMMETER
S2

P2
CT RESISTANCE MEASURING ARRANGEMENT
 4. Polarity Test

 Check the CT polarities on the Terminals as per the Schematic Drawing in the LV -
compartment for correct polarity.

P1

S1
+
SENSITIVE
SWITCH
AMMETER
A
S2
-

+
BATTERY
-

P2
CT POLARITY TEST ARRANGEMENT

5. Ratio Test By Current Primary Injection

 Check the CT ratio by injecting 25%, 50%, 75%, & 100% (if possible) of the normal current on
the CT primary winding and measure the corresponding secondary winding current.
 6. Magnetizing Current Test (Minimum 2 Points Above )

 Check the Magnetization Curves by applying gradually increasing voltage to the CT

Secondary and noting the magnetization currents.
 Apply the potential at the Terminal Block.
 The Readings are entered in the form and the program will automatically print the curves.
 The purpose of this test is to ensure that the Knee Point Voltage is correct and most
important to ensure the protections and instrumentations are connected to the relevant
cores.
 The knee point is the point on the magnetization curve at witch 10 % increase in excitation
voltage produces 50 % increase in excitation current.
 Minimum two points over the knee point shall be taken.

P1
STEP UP TRANSFORMER S1
VARIAC A

AC SUPPLY
V S2

P2

PLOTTING OF THE MAGNETIZATIOM CURVE

ARRANGEMENT
7. Loop Resistance Measurement Test (Burden Test)

 Check the CT Loop Resistance with a Micro-ohm-meter at the extreme end terminals to
ensure the complete loop.
P1
P1

S1
S1

RELAY
S2
RELAY V
S2

A
MILIOHMMETER

CURRENT
SOURCE
P2 P2
LOOP RESISTANCE MEASURING ARRANGEMENT BURDEN TEST ARRANGEMENT

8. Phase Identification Test

 Check Phase identification test by injecting single-phase primary current.

 Check the secondary current in all phases.
 The secondary current should be zero in all phases except the one we injecting current
on.

9. Verify Secondary Circuits, Terminals, Shorting/Isolating Links By Primary Injection

 After primary injection test and with the same arrangement check that the secondary circuit
CT terminal shorting / isolation is actually working by closing the shorting link / open the slide
link and check the current.

10. High Voltage Test

 During normal HV tests on switchgear or GIS, the CT’s are included in the HV test.
 Shorted the CT’s secondary to ground and isolated from relays and meters.
11. Single Point Earthing Check

 It is imperative to ensure that only one end of the CT Secondary is earthed,

especially where CT’s are paralleled.

12. Demagnetize CT Cores After All Tests

 After performing all the mentioned tests for the CT, apply voltage greater than the knee
point voltage gradually to the CT secondary winding.
 Go back gradually to zero voltage.
 VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER TESTING
1. Visual Inspection
 Inspect for physical damage / defects
 Check nameplate information for correctness
 Check that all grounding cables are securely connected
 Check color coded for secondary wiring and size of wires against specs.
 Check proper lugs has been used in termination
 Check VT’s location physically and secondary terminal labeling printed

2. Winding Resistance Test

 Check the VT Resistance at the VT terminals or at the Terminal Blocks in the
LV compartment using a Micro-ohm-meter.

A
a1

MILIOHM
METER

n1
a2

N
n2

VT RESISTANCE TESTING
ARRANGEMENT

3. Insulation Test
 Check the insulation resistance at the terminals with respect to ground / earth.
 The test voltage is 1 KV DC for one minute.

A
a1
MEGGER

n1
a2

N
n2

IN S U L A T I O N T E S T IN G A R R A N G E M E N T
 4. Ratio Check
 Apply one, 2 & 3 KV on VT primary terminal.
 Measure the corresponding out put on VT secondary terminal.
 Calculate VT turns ratio.

A
a1 STEP UP TRANSFORMER
VARIAC
V
SUPPLY

n1
AC

a2

V
N
n2

VT RATIO TESTING ARRANGEMENT

5. VT Polarity Checks
 Check the VT polarities on the LV compartment terminals as per the Schematic
Drawing for correct polarity.

A
a1
+
A
SWITCH
- n1
+
BATTERY a2

-
N
n2

VT POLARITY TESTING ARRANGEMENT

6. Check VT HV Neutral Solidly Grounded

7. Verify Secondary Circuits, Terminal To Terminal For Correctness And Tightness
8. Loop Resistance Test And Burden Test
 Check the VT Loop Resistance with an ohmmeter at the extreme end terminals to ensure
the complete loop.

S1 S1

R E LA Y RELAY V
S2 S2

A
O H M M E TE R

VOLTAGE
SOURCE

L O O P R E S IS T A N C E M E A S U R IN G A R R A N G E M E N T BURDEN TEST ARRANGEMENT