271-123 221-Bge

Generator Management Module
GMM 10
DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION
Copyright STN ATLAS Marine Electronics
Contents
Page
Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 1 of 80
Generator Management Module GMM 10
Description of Operation
1. Generator Protection 4
2. Basic Functions 5
3. Undervoltage Coil Support System 10
4. Connection of Peripherals 11
4.1 Digital Inputs 11
4.2 Relay Outputs 13
4.3 Analogue and Transformer Inputs 16
4.4 Module's Power Supply 17
4.5 Analogue Outputs 18
4.6 Serial Interfaces 19
5. Synchronization 19
6. Active Load Sharing 21

6.1 Electronic Diesel Controller 21
7. Mains Monitor (Automatic Blackout System) 22
8. Differential Protection 23
9. Earth-Fault Protection 26
9.1 Mains earth-Fault Protection with high impedance
earthing generator starpoint
26
9.2 Generator Earth-Fault Protection with high impedance
mains-earthing and collective-current-transformer 27
9.3 Mains earth-fault protection and generator earth-fault
protection with high impedance starpoint earthing and
collective-current-transformer 28
10. Control and Display Panel 29

10.1 Alarm Displays 30
10.2 Parameter Displays / Adjustment 34
10.3 Measured Value Displays 37

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 2 of 80
10.4 Test indication / Simulation 40

10.5 Relay Indicator Lamps on Front Panels 48
11. Automatic Power Supply with GMM 10, Diesel Control

DMU 10 and Remote Display on BAT 406 49
12. GMM 10 as Shaft Generator Management Module 51

12.1 GMM 10 for STN Frequency Controlled Shaft Generator51
12.2 GMM 10 for Synchronous Shaft Generator 53
13. Integrated Load Monitor Function (with Extension

ZDM 401) 55
14. Bus Bar Monitor 61
15. Signal Diagram 62
16. Additional functions (not included in standard software) 64

16.1 Vector surge relay 64
16.2 df/dt monitoring 66
16.3 Undervoltage positive-sequence-relay 68
17. Contact numbers of freely programmable relays 70
18. Parameter backup and settings via PC 74
19. Overview about PC-board configurations GMM 10 75

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 3 of 80
1. Generator Protection
The GMM 10 electronic Generator Management Module has been

developed specifically for monitoring the operation of
three-phase ship's mains supplies.
The module is supplied with power by a system achieving

redundancy through the use of the associated generator via
an external transformer, or an external 24 V DC battery.
Particular emphasis was placed on ensuring that the

management module is resistant to interference.
The electronics are electrically isolated from both the

supply voltage and all of the I/O lines.
The generator management module fulfills all the

requirements for a modern system for monitoring a ship's
mains supply. In addition to using the familiar monitoring
criteria such as current, voltage and frequency limits, it
also carries out sliding frequency regulation, and provides
differential and earth-fault protection.
Additional functions such as active load sharing,

synchronization, mains monitoring and load monitoring
supplement these facilities to turn the GMM 10 module into a
powerful component of a complete power supply system.
This description takes relation to the parameter description

(for instance par 3.3).
Parameter-list see separate document 271.123 221.TDE Revue L
2. Basic Functions
The module monitors the following functions :

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 4 of 80
A) Energizing of Undervoltage Coil (par. 3.3)

Generator circuit-breaker may be switched on
when V > 0.8*Vrated
Undervoltage coil disconnection opens the generator
circuit-breaker in the event of :
- Undervoltage/Phase Failure
- Short Circuit
- Overcurrent
- Overvoltage
- Overfrequency
- Underfrequency
- Phase Current Asymmetry
- Reverse Power
- Differential current
- Short-circuit in Generator
B) Undervoltage (par 3.13/3.14)

Trip: voltage 50% to 100% *Urated
Delay: 0.2 to 100 s
Opens generator circuit-breaker
Phase failure
U < 0.5*Urated in one phase (par 3.1), delay 1s, not
active for short-circuit
Opens generator circuit-breaker
C/1) Short-circuit Protection (par. 3.4/3.5)

Trips : 100 to 400 %*Irated
Delay : 60 ms to 10 s
opens generator circuit-breaker

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 5 of 80
C/2) Short-circuit Protection, Stage 2 (par. 3.6/3.7)

Trips : 300 to 800 %*Irated
Delay : 60 ms to 10 s
D) Overcurrent Protection (par. 3.8/3.9/3.10)

opens generator circuit-breaker :
- trips : 100 to 400 %*Irated
delay : 1 to 100 s
- or trips according to
fuse characteristic (par.3 .8):
integral ∫(I2-Irated2)dt > limit
E) Phase Current Asymmetry (par. 3.17/3.18)

opens generator breaker
trips : 20 to 120 %*Irated
delay : 1 to 100 s
F) Reverse Power Protection (par. 3.11/3.12)

trips : -1 to -50 %*Prated
delay : 1 to 100 s
G) Overvoltage Monitoring (par 3.15/3.16)

trips : 100 to 200 %*Vrated
delay : 1 to 100 s
H) Overfrequency Monitoring (par 3.31 / 3.32)

trips : 100 to 200 %*frated
delay : 1 to 100 s

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 6 of 80
I) Underfrequency Monitoring (par. 3.27/3.28)

delay : 1 to 100 s
J) Underfrequency Warning (par 3.29 / 3.30)

triggered : 50 to 100 %*frated
delay : 1 to 100 s
triggers alarm only
K) Overcurrent Load Disconnection, 1st Stage

(par. 3.19/3.20)
delay : 0.5 to 100 s
disconnects unimportant loads in group 1
L) Overcurrent Load Disconnection, 2nd Stage (par.

3.21/3.22)
delay : 0.5 to 100 s
M) Overcurrent Load Disconnection, 3rd Stage (par.

3.23/3.24)
delay : 1 to 100 s
N) Underfrequency Load Disconnection (par. 3.25/3.26)

delay : 1 to 100 s
disconnects unimportant loads in groups 1,2 and 3
O) Thermistor Overtemperature Sensor (par 4.13)

Warning

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 7 of 80
P) Stator Protection (par 3.33/3.34)

Trip: 3 to 100 %*Irated
Delay: 0.5 to 10.0 s
De-excitation and connection lock is current does not
decay after opening of circuit-breaker.
Q) Monitoring of excitation (par 3.35/3.36/4.6/6A.5)
Trip: 10 to 200 %*Srated reactive power difference
Delay: 1 to 100 s
Warning or possibly start enable to next generating
set
Opens with leading de-excitation
Optional extensions:
R) Differential Protection
Exceeding of the permissible differential current
between generator output and starpoint leads to
immediate de-excitation and opening of the generator
circuit-breaker. The current differential is a
function of the generator current. The threshold and
slope of the characteristic can be set with
potentiometers and code switches in case of analog PC
boards (GDS401).
If digital PC boards are used (GDE404) (available
about since 5.97) The threshold and slope of the
characteristic can be set via Parameter 4.10 and 6A.8
S) Earth-Fault Protection
The mains or the generator starpoint shall be
connected to earth with a high impedance resistor. An
earth-fault is detected with a current transformer at
the star point of the generator to ship ground or with
a summary current transformer.
- Earth-fault external to the generator :
Only displays alarm, does not disconnect the
generator circuit-breaker
- Earth-fault inside the generator :

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 8 of 80
Alarming or De-excitation and circuit-breaker

will be opened

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 9 of 80
Load disconnection (current or underfrequency)

In the event of the ship's mains supply being
overloaded, safety cut-outs K) to N) lead to the
unimportant loads being disconnected, thereby ensuring
that the ship's mains supply is maintained for the
important loads.
Opening of circuit-breaker
All faults that lead to the generator's circuit-
breaker opening are displayed visually on the module
and are stored. The circuit-breaker can be switched on
again if all trip- fault are acknowledged.
Trip alarms can be acknowledged local or remote. But
the following faults can only be acknowledged local:
- stator protection tripped
- short-circuit protection tripped
- differential protection tripped
- short-circuit inside the generator
- circuit-breaker failure
- phase asymmetry
Sliding frequency (par 4.4)
Limits for voltage, current and frequency monitoring

are adapted automatically for sliding frequency
controlling. Current, voltage and frequency limits are
calculated from the frequency setting according to the
characteristic of the ship's mains supply.
Acknowledge push-button
An acknowledgment (Quit) button and error message

display are provided on the module and externally.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 10 of 80
3. Undervoltage Coil Support System
The undervoltage coil support system USS402 is used to

prevent premature tripping of the generator's circuit
breaker during the short-circuit tripping delay.
If the electronic short-circuit cut-out system of the GMM 10

fails, in the event of a short circuit the generator's
circuit-breaker is nevertheless opened after the support
time of the undervoltage coil has elapsed.
Trip-on power : 140 W

Support power : 15 W (standard)
22.5 W if 3 support capacitors are used
Support time : 550 ms at V = 50 %

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 11 of 80
4. Connection of Peripherals
The connections of the inputs and outputs of the generator
management module are shown on the complete circuit diagram
(see chapter 15) . The functions of the inputs and outputs
are explained below :
4.1 Digital Inputs
The GMM 10 can be controlled with digital inputs. The
digital input "Generator circuit-breaker is ON" is essential
for the operation of the unit. All of the other inputs can
be freely selected as required.
- Automatic (X4 : 1,2) switch DI5
o Preselecting "Automatic" activates active load
sharing.
Depending on the parameters set for the automatic
mode, once the diesel has been run up to speed,
automatic synchronization and connection are carried
out
o either automatically
o or only when the "Connect generator" button is
pressed
(compare parameters 4.1 / 4.2 / 4.3)
- Connect generator (X3 : 5,6) button DI3
If the automatic mode is not selected, the
synchronization and connection can be initiated with
the "Connect generator" button.
"Automatic" must likewise be selected for this.
- Generator circuit-breaker OFF
(switch-off diesel) (X3 : 1,2) button DI1
In the automatic mode, and when there is active load
sharing, the generator is relieved of load first, and
then its circuit-breaker opened, and disconnection of
the diesel can also be initiated.
(See Spare Relay, section 4.2 and Parameter 5.1)
After standstill of the unit, re-starting is possible
with the load or mains monitor.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 12 of 80
In the automatic mode, a stop is not performed if the power

balance does not permit this. The message
P>Stoprelease is given on the BAT. If the automatic
mode is not selected, the generator circuit-breaker is
opened immediately. A manual stop is always performed,
even if it produces a black-out. If the circuit-
breaker is opened manually without the GMM 10, the
command "Circuit-breaker OFF" is to be given to the
management module from a second level of buttons in
order to suppress the circuit-breaker failure message.
- Generator Circuit-breaker is ON (X3 : 3,4) switch DI2

The return signal from the generator circuit-breaker
enables the underfrequency and undervoltage
monitoring.
- Alarm Acknowledgment ('Quit') (X3 : 7,8) button DI4

All of the alarms are stored in the module and shown
on the display. Once acknowledged the alarms stored
are deleted.
- Not ready / CO2 / 3 min. - Stop Procedure for Diesel

(X4 : 2,3) continuous contact DI6
This input prevents connection. If the generator is on
mains and the mains monitor is active (parameter 4.12)
another diesel is started and the disturbed diesel
will be stopped if the actual load permits this.
- Current display IL2, IL3 (X4 : 4,5,6) switches DI7 and

DI8
These digital inputs are used to preselect which phase
current is displayed on the analog output. No input,
effects the display IL1. (Alternatively, Preselection
DI7 and Diode Fault DI8, see par. 1.18).
- High / low (X4 : 5,7,8) buttons DI9 and DIA

Manual adjustment on electronic diesel controller. In
the manual mode the speed setting (or the load

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 13 of 80
sharing, see Par. 6.6) can be adjusted on the

electronic speed controller.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 14 of 80
4.2 Relay Outputs
The GMM 10 has 10 relay outputs :

The contact load must not exceed 4 A. A system for damping
overvoltages shall be provided by the user (servomotor, AC
contacts with R-C dam-ping, DC contacts with freewheeling
diodes). The damping protects of the contacts of the card
relays is important against EMC-interference.
- Generator circuit-breaker ON (X9 : 20,22)
The generator circuit-breaker is closed by means of
this 220 V contact.
- Tension / Circuit-breaker unbloked in manual mode

(X8 : 1,2)
In the automatic mode, the preload spring of the
circuit-breaker is tensioned before closing;
(tensioning pulse 2 to 10 s see Par. 5.4)
In the manual mode, this contact is always closed,
if a connection is permitted
(generator voltage > min., no locking due to short-
circuit etc.).
The contact is designed for 220 V.
- High/Low (X7 : 3,4,5,6,7)

The diesel engine's servomotor is connected to these
contacts.
DC motors (up to 24 V) and capacitor motors (up to 220
V) can be connected. (If High/Low commands are not
required, e.g. in the case of the electronic
controller, these contacts can be freely programmed
with parameters 7.2 and 7.3).
- Motor Power Supply (X7 : 1,2)

The separate supply for the servomotors is connected
to these contacts.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 15 of 80
- Undervoltage Coil (X11 : 24,26 and X17 : 1,3)

The undervoltage coil support system is built-in. The
undervoltage coil is connected to terminals
X11 : 24,26. If the built-in undervoltage coil support
system is not used, the holding contact of the
undervoltage relay can be connected via contacts
X17:1,3. In this case a freewheeling diode is also not
provided in the module.
Lay twisted connecting cable separate from 24 V signal

lines.
- Watchdog/cycle error (X8 : 11,12)
In the event of a fault in the module or loss of

voltage this contact releases. In normal conditions
the cycle relay is activated.
- Freely programmable relays

Relays DA 1 to DA 8 have default assignments. Based on
the parameter settings (1.8 to 1.15), assignments can
be varied as necessary. The contact-numbers for
parameters 1.8 to 1.15 and 7.2 and 7.3 see chapter 19.
All contacts are normally open, inverse function is
achieved by software.
- DA 1 at X5 : 1,2 24V contact (function can be

set by par. 1.8; default: unimportant loads 2,
opens at alarm
- DA 2 at X5 : 5,6 24V contact (par. 1.9, default:

unimportant loads 1, opens at alarm
- DA 3 at X8 : 3,4 220V contact (par. 1.10,

default: circuit breaker fault)

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 16 of 80

default: collective alarm GMM 10 opens at alarm)
Relays DA 5 to DA 8 are only provided if the

additional board DEA 401 is installed (must be
initialized by using parameter 1.16), DA 7 and DA 8
use a common terminal.

default: de-excitation)

default: thermistor alarm , opens at alarm, for
shaft generator: SG required, hold HAMA)

default: start command from load monitor/mains
monitor/BAT406)

default: stop command from load monitor/mains
monitor/BAT406)

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 17 of 80
4.3 Analog and Transformer Inputs
- Generator voltage (X9 : 24,26,28)

- Mains voltage (X9 : 30,32)
In mains up to 450 V the generator voltage and mains
voltage can be input without interstage transformers.
The rated voltage and the transformation ratio of the
interstage transformer can be set parametrically (par
2.3 and 2.4).
Voltage input of GMM Vmax. rated = 450 V

Installed load: 5 VA
- Generator current (X10 : 20,22,24,26,28,30)

The current transformers of the GMM must be operated
as secondary transformers to the busbar transformers.
Current transformer of GMM Imax. rated = 1 A
Real effective values are measured.
The rated current and transformation ratio of the

busbar transformer can be set parametrically (par 2.1
and 2.2).
Installed load 1 VA.
- Thermistor sensor (X5 : 7,8 X6 : 1)

A system for evaluating the signals from thermistor
sensors (up to six in series) is incorporated in the
GMM 10. In the event of the temperature being
exceeded, the spare relay contact (normally closed)
and general alarm are activated. The generator
circuit-breaker and the unimportant loads are not
affected.
Alarm set if impedance: R > 2000 Ω
alarm release if: R < 1500 Ω

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 18 of 80
4.4 Module's Power Supply
- Module supply (X6 : 2,3,4) and

undervoltage coil supply (X11 : 28,30,32)
It is proposed to provide the module's power supply

and the supply for the undervoltage coil on the
switchboard side from a common three-phase transformer
T1 with two secondary windings :
Primary voltage : rated voltage of generator
Secondary voltage 1 : 3*24V, 0.6 A at X6 : 2,3,4

Even in the case of a generator
overvoltage, the module's power
supply must not exceed 35 V
Secondary voltage 2 : 3*150V, 0.1 A at X17 :

28,30,32
with 220 V, 20 W undervoltage coil
An earthed screen winding is required.
- Support from 24V automation battery (X6 : 5,6,7,8)
The module's power supply can be supported by an

automation battery. Such support is only necessary if
mains monitoring functions are also to be covered by
the generator protection module, or an electronic die-
sel controller is incorporated.
Current : 1.5 A max.

Fuse : 6.3 A

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 19 of 80
4.5 Analog Outputs
- Analog-output AA1 Power indication terminals (X1,2 :

6,7,8)
The power is measured, even with asymmetric loads and

phase currents with harmonics, with a tolerance of
about 1 %.
An analog output of a power signal is provided to

allow an indication on a moving-coil instrument (0 to
10 V). The scale can be set parametrically.
(See Par 1.4 and 1.7)
Minimal terminal resistance 500 Ω.
- Analog-output AA2 Current indication terminal (X2 :

6,7,8)
The phase current can be passed to a 2nd analog output

(0 to 20 mA). The phase, L1, L2 or L3, to be indicated
can be selected (see digital inputs DI6 and DI7).
(Alternatively apparent power, reactive power, power

indication , or power-factor cos(ϕ), see parameter
1.18)
The scale can be set parametrically.
(See Par 1.6 and 6A.4)
Maximum terminal resistance 500 Ω.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 20 of 80
4.6 Serial Interfaces
- GMM-Bus (X2 : 1,2,3,4,5)

All of the GMM 10 modules are interlinked by serial
ring communications. This data communication is used
to achieve active load sharing, to prevent generators
from being connected simultaneously in the event of a
blackout, for mains monitoring functions, for load
monitoring functions and the monitoring of excitation
(data transfer relates to active power, apparent
power, reactive power, frequencies, currents, start
commands passed on, synchronization enabling).
- GEAPAS-Bus (X1 : 1,4,5)
All of the information available from the GMM 10
module can be transmitted via this RS 485 interface to
a higher-level diesel monitoring system or a data
logging system. An input and output expander for the
particular systems can also be connected to this
interface (Data transfer relates to diesel
malfunctions, start and stop signals).
Normally, the RS485 of the GEAPAS bus has a bus termination on the ZKG404.
Accordingly, the GMM 10 must be used as end unit. If this cannot be implemented by the
user, the resistors R35, R36, R37 must be removed from ZKG404.
5. Synchronization
The synchronization unit carries out the following:
- frequency matching of the governermotor before the
circuit-breaker is closed
- frequency matching of the ship's mains supply before a
synchronous shaft-driven generator is connected
- closing the generator circuit-breaker when its
voltage, frequency and phase are identical to those of
the supply (circuit-breaker time of 100 ms is taken
into consideration);
allowable phase difference 20 degrees (par 5.3);
allowable frequency difference -0.15 / +0.35 Cy
- connecting one generator in the event of a blackout.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 21 of 80
In the automatic mode, the synchronization unit becomes

active when 80% of the generator voltage (Vmin par 3.3) is
reached.
- 2 seconds after reaching Vmin, the undervoltage coil
picks up and tensioning of the circuit-breaker is
initiated
- this circuit-breaker process may take 2 to 10 seconds
(parameter 5.4); after that, circuit-breaker closing
is enabled.
Enabling of the synchronization unit is with the par 4.1 or
4.2.
The circuit-breaker does not close under the following

conditions:
- VGen-Vmains > 10% Vrated
- VGen < Vmin (par. 2.3/3.3)
- fGen < fmin (par. 2.5/3.13)
- not ready / CO2 / 3 min. diesel stop (DI6 X4:2,3)
- after circuit-breaker failure
- permanent contact circuit-breaker OFF (DI1 X3:1,2)
- unacknowledged circuit-breaker fault at GMM10 is
blocking
- circuit-breaker fault
- another unit has already been connected following
short-circuit and still blackout. That is in case the
first set has one second after connection a short
circuit trip.
- after warning synchronization error
- if two generating sets with the same set number have
mistakenly been assigned
- if a set is in automatic mode and is disconnected
manually or by the mains monitor, there is no
connection in the follow-up time (par. 5.1). This does
not apply to the blackout case. The follow-up is
canceled when to set is switched from automatic to
manual mode and then back to automatic mode, or it
will be "started" again in the follow-up time via the
load monitor
- if the maximum number of sets has been reached (see
parameter 7.6 and section 14).
- not in automatic mode (DI5)

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 22 of 80
- digital contact DI2 (generator is connected) is given

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 23 of 80
6. Active Load Sharing

The active load sharing system implements the following
functions :
- symmetrical sharing of load by diesel generators
- unsymmetrical load sharing of shaft-driven generators
and turbo-generators, minimizing the output from the
diesel generators
- regulation of frequency at rated value
- load sharing with frequency characteristic set by the
synchronous shaft-driven generator
- reduction of frequency at sliding frequency service
(par 4.4)
- relieving load on the generator before disconnection /
dieseling
- parallel operation using frequency static’s in the
event of serial communication failure
Adjustments see parameters 4.3 and 5.5 to 5.13
6.1 Electronic Diesel Controller
An electronic diesel controller is recommended in mains
operating under highly dynamic conditions. The GMM 10 is
additionally provided with the controller card EDR401. The
GMM 10 is capable of controlling the diesel generator with
all of the conventional actuators. With this module the
frequency regulation and load sharing leads to smaller
deviations than with mechanical diesel controllers. The
measured electrical power is used for disturbance - variable
compensation.
En electronic diesel controller is especially recommended if
continuously parallel running with a synchronous generator
has to be achieved.
Speed sensing : Pick ups up to a frequency of 10 kCy
Supply voltage : 15 V (supply pick up from GMM 10)
Fuel supply setting : Preset with current signal of 0 to 200 mA
Parameter adjustment (parameter group 6) in general by STN.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 24 of 80
For the electronic diesel control a separate description is

available. The document number by STN is 271.132 244.BGE for
the English version.
7. Mains Monitor (Automatic Blackout System)
In the event of a blackout or fault this system starts the

diesel generator with the highest priority.
The generating set with the lowest number has the highest
priority. Generating sets with preselected priority will be
started. Precondition for starting is the automatic mode.
o The following faults cause another generator to be

started:
- blackout
- 3 min. diesel stop (DI6 X4: 2,3)
- excitation fault (par. 4.6). To effectively
protect the mains in the event of an excitation
fault, a further generating set is started. As
soon as the power balance permits, the disturbed
set is switched off. To prevent the remaining
sets from being under-excited during switch-off,
the faulty set is de-excited 3 seconds prior to
opening of the circuit-breaker. The reactive
power is thus transferred to the functional sets
prior to a stop.
- Shaftgenerator fault or reduction main engine
(par 2.15 / 2.16)
o Sets are available for the mains monitor if
- they are in automatic mode
- they are ready (DI6 X4: 2,3); in the case of the
DMU 10, ready message via the GEAPAS bus

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 25 of 80
- there are no unacknowledged circuit-breaker

actions preventing synchronization (see section 5).

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 26 of 80
8. Differential Protection
The differential protection system monitors generators and
transformers for internal faults. To achieve this, the input
(star point) and output currents of each phase are compared
with one another. The protected area is that one between the
two current transformers of each phase. Within its range of
effectiveness the differential protection system detects all
two and three-pole short circuits, as well as double-earth
faults, on the condition that one earth-fault is within the
protected area. In the case of machines with permanently
earthed star point, single-pole short circuits (earth-fault)
are also detected when such faults arise within the
protected area of the current transformers.
Figure 8.1 shows the basic circuit diagram of the

differential protection system. The tripping criterion is a
difference between the phase currents. The voltages which
are proportional to the currents will be tapped (off) at the
loads of the current transformers. Then the magnitude and
the phase angle of these voltages will be compared
(differential measurement). Faults that arise within the
protected area lead to a deviation at the output of the
differential measurement system, which causes the protection
device to trip immediately.
Faults involving large changes in current arising outside
the protection area can lead to erroneous tripping as a
result of different transformer characteristics. To prevent
this, the sensitivity of operation is decreased with
increasing current.
The detection of the difference current is done by the PC-
board GDS401 in analogue technique. A new development
achieves the differential protection in digital technique
with the PC-board GDE404 (see chapter 19). The difference
between both ways is the adjustment of the sensivity via
hardware or via software. In case of the digital solution,
different transformer currents in the starpoint and in the
phases can be adapted. (See parameter 6A.11)

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 27 of 80
Figure 8.2 shows a typical characteristic for operation with

high sensitivity at up to 3 times the rated current. The
break-point and slope of the characteristic are adjustable.
Enabling of the differential protection is with parameter

4.7. It is possible to choose between two modes:
- circuit-breaker trip and de-excitation (par 4.7 set to 1)
- and additional dieselstop (parameter 4.7 set to 2)
µP
sensivity
+ +
Generator +
-
+
currentdifference
Figure 8.1 Basic circuit diagram of Differential Protection

System

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 28 of 80
Adjustment of differential protection tripping on PC board GDS401
The tripping level of the difference current increases with the increasing current level.
peak tripping
difference current (I1 -I11)
8
6
triggering function
5
4
K
3
B Generatorphasecurrent(I1-I11 )/2[A]
A
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Figure 8.2 Tripping Graph of Differential Protection
A) Minimum sensivity in case of small current

Zeropoint of the threshold sensitivity A is adjusted at potentiometer R9. The signal is measured at
point TB4.4 - TB2.6 on GDS401. The basic adjust is -0.4V conforming to 0.4A. In relation to the peak
value of the Phasecurrent that are 28%.
B) The increase of the sensivity is 0,2A/A from zero to the break-point B. Adjustment break-point B is
done via small switches on PC-board GDS401:
switch S1.7 on GDS401 S1.8 break-point-volt (TB4.5)
off off 3.97V ≡ 3.97A
off on
3.5V ≡ 3.5A
on x
3.0V ≡ 3.0A **
K) Slope K determinates unsensivity in case of great currents. The increase outside the break-point
can be adjusted too on PC-board GDS401
S1.1 = S1.3 = S1.5 S1.2 = S1.4 = S1.6 R15 = R16 = R17 K
off off 0 0.89
off on 0 0.71
on x 0 0.56
off off 4.99kΩ 0.94
off on 4.99kΩ 0.76
on x 4.99kΩ 0.61
off off 10kΩ 0.99 **
off on 10kΩ 0.81
on x 10kΩ 0.66
** adjustment in factory

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 29 of 80
9. Earth-Fault Protection
For the monitoring of the earth-fault it is important to know,
that all earthing-transformers, earthing-resistances, current
transformers are not part of GMM 10. They have to be
dimensioned and delivered to the requirements of each special
system.
9.1 Earth-Fault Protection with high impedance earthing generator
starpoint
Because of high impedance earthing of the generator starpoint an
assumed earth fault-current has a calculated limit. On the figure
below an earth-fault current in the mains or in the generator will
cause a current over the transformer in the starpoint of the
generator. With the PC-board SWK402 (separate supply, not
incorporates in the GMM10) the earth-fault current will be
transformed into a DC-Voltage signal and connected to the GMM10. The
earth-resistance should be dimensioned in that way, that the earth-
current will not exceed about 5 to 20 A. The primary current
transformer should be so dimensioned, that in case of earth-fault an
earth current Iearth on the transformer secondary side is limited to
maximum 1 Ampere. The trigger level in GMM 10 is adjustable between
0.01 A and 0.55 A. The adjustment of the earth-fault protection is
done by par 4.8 / 4.11 and 7.9:
- To release alarm earth-fault set
parameter 4.8 to 1 or 2, depending on
used inputs to GMM10. The connection via
X19 is only foreseen, if the PC-boards of
differential protection are incorporated.
- Trigger level and delaytime for U(Iearth)
GMM10
SWK402 can be parameterized with parameter 4.11
I X1 X2 0Volt X19 or X1
and 7.9.
:1 :4 :1 :8
U U(Iear) :2 :2
:4 :3

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 30 of 80
9.2 Generator Earth-Fault Protection with high impedance mains-

earthing and collective-current-transformer
Another way for earth-fault protection is possible, if the
mains has a high-resistance earthing in all three phases, and
the phases are supplied with a summary-current transformer (see
figure below). In this case it is possible to detect the
generator-internal earth-fault. A failure-current only can base
on a generator-internal earth-fault. The measurement of the
earth-fault signal with GMM10 is done with the transformer-
module SWK402. It is the presupposition, that for the
measurement of the generator internal earth-fault, the
extension for the differential protection is installed. In case
of differential protection with analogue PCBs (GDS401) the
earth-fault signal is connected to plug X19:1,2. In case of
differential protection with digital PCBs (GDE404) the earth-
fault signal is connected to plug X19:3,4.
For this variation 9.2 of earth-fault detection, the setting of
the parameters has to be done in the following way.
- To suppress general earth-fault set parameter 4.8 to 0.
- To release generator-internal earth-fault set parameter 4.9
to 1 or, if an additional breaker trip and de-excitation is
wanted, set par 4.9 to 2.
- tripping level and delaytime see parameter 4.11 and 7.9
GMM10
either or
SWK402 GDS401 GDE404
X19 X19
Iearth X1 X2 0Volt :1 :4
:1 :4
U(Iearth) :2 :3
:4 :3

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 31 of 80
9.3 Mains earth-fault protection and generator earth-fault

protection with high impedance starpoint earthing and
collective-current-transformer
In case of high-resistant earthing of the generator starpoint,
it is possible to recognize the direction of the earth-fault
(generator internal or in the mains). For the generator earth-
fault detection, the summary of all three phase-currents and
the starpoint is build. The signal is feed to GMM 10 via a
SWK402, like described in 9.2. Additional a general earth-fault
is measured via a second current transformer in the starpoint
of the GMM10. The GMM 10 detects out of the general earth-fault
a mains-earth-fault, if there is not a generator internal
earth-fault at the same time.
For this variation 9.3 of earth-fault detection the setting of
the parameters has to be done in the following way.
- To release general earth-fault set parameter 4.8 to 1.
- To release generator-internal earth-fault set parameter 4.9
to 1 or, if an additional breaker trip and de-excitation is
wanted, set par 4.9 to 2.
- tripping level and delaytime see parameter 4.11 and 7.9
GMM10
either or
SWK402 GDS401 GDE404
X1 X2 X19 X19
IGen earth 0Volt :1 :4
:1 :4
:2 :3
U(I earth)
:4 :3
SWK402
I earth X1 X2 0Volt X1 X19
:1 :4 :8 :2
U(Iearth) :2 :1
:4 :3

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 32 of 80
10. Control and Display Panel
The control and display panel mounted on the front of the

card cage has 4 different control and display levels.
Measured values are displayed in the normal mode (operating

values)
Alarm displays replace the measured value displays. They

must be acknowledged before being replaced by the measured
value displays again.
The button "-Parameter" can be used to suppress an alarm

for 15 minutes. This can be canceled prematurely by pressing
the QUIT button.
The TEST button provides an overview of the peripheral

inputs and tripping times.
Displaying and setting of parameters takes precedence and is

only to be activated when commissioning the module.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 33 of 80
10.1 Alarm displays
The first alarm to arise is shown on the display. The display "Ù"
and display "Ú" buttons can be used to scroll through the
display in order to find out whether there are more alarms. The
alarms are acknowledged and hence deleted with the Quit button.
Only the alarm shown on the display is acknowledged. If there are
several alarms, the QUIT button must be pressed several times.
Meaning of the status:
S h o r t c i r c 1
PARAMETER DISPLAY
- + Ú Ù
P1 P2 TEST QUIT
PARAMETER ALARM
T: trip
Q: must be acknowledged (at unit/control computer/Bat 406)
E: must be unlocked (acknowledged). Remote acknowledgement
via Bat 406 or via control computer not possible
M: message; alarm remains as long as cause exists and then
disappears automatically
V: unimportant loads disconnected

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 34 of 80
Alarms possible:
Display / Status Meaning See Parameters
Overcurrent 1 T+Q Overcurrent 3.9 + 3.10

Overcurrent 2 T+Q Overcurrent integral of I2dt 3.8
Reverse power T+Q Reverse power 3.11 + 3.12
Overvoltage T+Q Overvoltage 3.15 + 3.16
Undervoltage T+Q Undervoltage 3.13 + 3.14
Overfrequency T+Q Overfrequency 3.31 + 3.32
Underfrequency T+Q Underfrequency 3.27 + 3.28
Frequwarning T+Q Underfrequency warning 3.29 + 3.30
Short circ 1 T+E Short circuit, stage 1 3.4 + 3.5
Short circ 2 T+E Short circuit, stage 2 3.6 + 3.7
Phase failure T+Q Phase failure 3.1
Phase asymm T+E Phase current asymmetry 3.17 + 3.18
Stator prot. E Stator protection, phase current
after circuit breaker off 3.33 + 3.34
Exciter f. Q (+T) Reactive power asymmetric
3.35 +3.36+ 4.6
I difference T+E Differential current --> de-excitation
Earth fault Q Earth fault --> warning
Gen earth fault T+E Generator earth fault --> off + de-excitation
Uniload st 1 Q+V Disconnection of unimportant loads, 1 overcurrent
stage 1 3.19 + 3.20
Uniload st 2 Q+V Disconnection of unimportant loads 2, overcurrent
stage 2 3.21 + 3.22

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 35 of 80
Uniload st 3 Q+V Disconnection of unimportant loads 3, overcurrent

stage 3 3.23 + 3.24
Uniload 90%f Q+V Disconnection of unimportnat loads, 1 + 2,
underfrequency 3.25 + 3.26
Thrmtemp>max Q Thermistor has tripped 4.13
CB fault E Circuit breaker fault, not closing might tension time too
short 5.4
Connectshort Q+E Connection to short circuit
T-sync>max Q Synchronization time > 60 seconds 7.8
Mixed mode M Mixed MANUAL/AUTO mode with sliding frequency
GMMBus reception E No reception of telegrams on GMM bus
GMMBus open M Open circuit for telegrams on GMM bus
EEPROM error E Parameter checksum wrong -> take over default values
for parameters, the unit has to become new
parametrized
Failure ± 15V M Failure of ± 15V voltage for electronics
SPI bus SLE/A69 Q Serial/parallel interface to SLE401 on card place A69
has fault
SPI bus SLE/A1 Q Serial/parallel interface to SLE401 on card place A1
has fault
Power fuse Q NEG437 power supply fuse or only 2-phase power
supply for module
Cablebr PicUp E Fault in pick up speed sensor (with electronic diesel
controller only)
Cablebr coil E Break in wire of plunger coil of the actuator (with

electronic diesel controller only)
Blackout-CBO M Blackout but circuit breaker On: no connection possible
in blackout condition

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 36 of 80
rev.rotfield M connection error of generator voltages, negative-

sequence voltage is detected
ZDM bus fault M Telegram transmission to load monitoring module
ZDM401 disturbed
DMU bus fault M Telegram transmission to diesel monitoring module
DMU 10 disturbed
P>Stoprelease M The power balance does not permit stop enable
Diode failure Q Failure of generator exciter diodes (DE7 X4:4.5) 1.18
DG trouble T+Q Diesel generator not ready/3 min. stop
procedure/generator temperature (DI6 X4:2,3)
SG trouble T+Q Shaft generator trouble
(DI6 X4:2,3) --> demands DG Start 2.15
diesel start Q diesel start in case main engine is reducing speed (only
SG)
(DIA X4:8,6) --> demands DG Start 2.16
GovernMotErr Q Speed, servomotor failure 7.4
P-reserve<min M Start not possible from load monitor (gen.sets in Man.
Button no diesel start)
DG underload M Stop not possible from load monitor (button no diesel
stop)
Error DEA401 Q The PC-board EDR401 is missing or erroneous. Alarm
only active if par 6.0 is set to 1.
Error EDR401 Q The PC-board DEA401 is missing or erroneous. Alarm
only active if par 1.16 is set to 2. Alarm is only given if
DEA401 is modified.
Vectorbreak Q Vector surge has been detected (see chapter 16.1)
df/dt > max Q df/dt has been released (see chapter 16.2)
Undervol.Vsp Q Undervoltage positive-sequence (see chapter 16.3)
6A.9 and 6A.10
Cons.connect The connection of a big consumer oversteps the time
limit
System Reset Q The microprocessor has got a reset by a disturbance.
It may be caused by wrong RAM or EPROM or by non-
damped relays (see chapter 4.2)

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 37 of 80
10.2 Parameter Displays/Adjustment
Parameters
The parametric mode is used for displaying and adjusting

limits, delays and control parameters and enabling software
modules.
Potentiometers are no longer used for adjusting and setting

limits. Parameters are selected and changed using the
display and buttons on the front panel. The values are
stored in the EEPROM without relying on the supply voltage.
In new modules, or in the event of a fault in a module, a
checksum error is detected automatically. All of the
parameters are then preset on default values. The EEPROM
error is displayed and must be acknowledged.
The parametric mode is entered by pressing buttons P1 or P2

for about 3 seconds.
The name and value of the parameter are shown on the

display. The Display "Ù" and Display "Ú" buttons can be
used to scroll through the display in order to look at other
parameters.
The parameters can be viewed at any time. They can only be

changed when the first parameter "ChangeCODE" is set on
"91". This lock prevents an unauthorized person changing any
of the other parameters.
Once all of the settings have been made a code other than
'91' is to be entered to act as a lock providing continued
security.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 38 of 80
Using the P1 + P2 buttons the first parameter of the

following (P2) or preceding (P1) groups of parameters can be
selected.
The Parameter + and Parameter - buttons can be used to

change the values of the parameters within appropriate
limits. The tens, hundreds and thousands digits of the
setting values can be scrolled by permanently pressing and
briefly releasing the adjustment buttons.
The default setting is adopted if both buttons are pressed
simultaneously.
The parametric mode is left automatically if no button is

pressed for ten minutes. It can be left immediately by
pressing the Quit button. The parameters are burnt into the
EEPROM when the parametric mode is left. It is therefore
important not to switch off the power supply too early.
F r a t e d 60.0Cy
PARAMETER DISPLAY
- + Ú Ù
P1 P2 TEST QUIT
PARAMETER ALARM

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 39 of 80
Summary of Parameter Groups

Parameter-list see separate document 271.123 221.TDE Revue I
Parameter group 1 (Configuration of hardware)
Parameter group 2 (Rating and scaling)
Parameter group 3 (Tripping limits and delays)
Parameter group 4 (Extended functions)
Parameter group 5 (Control characteristics of active load and

synchronization controllers)
Parameter group 6 (Electronic diesel controller)
Parameter group 6A (adjustments for two mains operation,

special functions)
Parameter group 7 (Extension diesel control module DMU10 /

servomotor / limitation of the number of
sets)
Parameter group 8 (Load monitor with ZDM401)
Parameter group 9 (not yet used)
Parameter group 10 (Version number)

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 40 of 80
10.3 Measured Value Displays
Measured values are shown on the display. The Display "Ù"

and Display "Ú" buttons can be used to scroll through the
display in order to look at further measured values.
The Parameter button permits suppression of an alarm for 15

minutes. It can be ended prematurely with the QUIT button.
F g e n 60.0Cy
PARAMETER DISPLAY
- + Ú Ù
P1 P2 TEST QUIT
PARAMETER ALARM

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 41 of 80
Display Meaning
'COSphi 0.80' Power factor (cos-phi)
'I1 A' Phase current L1
'Fgen . Cy' Generator frequency
'Fmains . Cy' Mains frequency
'Vgen1 V' Generator voltage L1-L2
'Vmains V' mains voltage L1-L2
'Peff kW' Effective power
'Preac kVA' Reactive power
'Papp kVA' Apparent power
'S rpm' Diesel speed with electronic diesel controller
'Fslide . Cy' Rated value, red. value in sliding freq.mode
'SG-Limit %' Load limit shaft generator as a function of the shaft

speed (Analog input X1:2)
'Charge . mA' Coil current, charge control if using electronic diesel

controller
'Iearth . V' measuring signal earth current, either analog input

X19:1,2 or X1:2 (see parameter 4.8)

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 42 of 80
Display Meaning
'Igeneart . V' measuring signal generator earth current, analog

input X19:1,2
'Gmns-gen d' Phase-shift between generator and mains in degrees

(Connection at zero, if synchronizing).
'E kWh' active energy display, for a proper energy-display the

RAM D2 on ZKG404 must be achieved with a
incorporated battery (special supply). The energy-
counter is set to zero, if the three push buttons
parameter +, parameter - and QUIT will be pressed
for 15 seconds.
' kVrh' reactive energydisplay, for a proper energy-display

the RAM D2 on ZKG404 must be achieved with a
incorporated battery (special supply). The reactive
energy-counter is set to zero, if the three push
buttons parameter +, parameter - and QUIT will be
pressed for 15 seconds. For lack of sufficient digits,
“kVarh“ is shortened to “kVrh“
'Vps V' display positive-sequence-voltage (see chapter 16.3)

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 43 of 80
10.4 Test indications / simulation

The indication changes to the test mode when the Test button
is pressed.
The Display "Ù" and "Display "Ú" buttons can be used to

scroll through the display in order to look at further test
functions.
Alarm suppression is always activated in the test mode. The

test mode is left with the Quit button. If Quit is only
pressed briefly, the alarm indications are not canceled.
In the test of the load monitor (see below), the - Parameter

and
+ Parameter buttons are used to falsify the actual power
reserve. This permits simulation of starting and stopping of
the diesel sets.
DI 1______8_A
PARAMETER DISPLAY
- + Ú Ù
P1 P2 TEST QUIT
PARAMETER ALARM
The test functions appear in form of a general summary,

followed by a detailed description.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 44 of 80
Display Meaning
V_____St.__ Load monitor function: summary of loads selected. Start from load monitor
V_____Sp.__ /mains monitor and Stop from load monitor
S1____kVA__S What will the load monitor do next?

Sw____kW__s The power reserve and the residual time up to the next start or stop of the set
will be displayed here
DO________ All digital outputs at a glance
DI________ All digital inputs at a glance
Imax___A__s Overcurrent tripping
1lul___A__s Disconnection of unimportant loads 1
Ful__._Cy__s Disconnection of unimportant loads 1 and 2 due to underfrequency
Vmax___V__s Overvoltage tripping
Vmin__V__s Undervoltage tripping
Fmax__._Cy_s Overfrequency tripping
Fmin__._Cy__s Underfrequency tripping
Fwng__._Cy__s Underfrequency warning
lasy___A__s Disconnection due to phase asymmetry
Prev___kW__s Reserve power switch off
Qre___kVA__s Excitation fault warning
T____________ Display of all set-numbers of the members of the serial interface in the ring
communication

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 45 of 80
Display Meaning
V_______St.___ Load monitor function: Summary of loads selected. Loads selected for
connection will flash (V1 to V6). The ident. number of loads connected is
displayed permanently. If no loads are selected, the numbers are suppressed.
Summary of start command passed on from load monitor/mains monitor and
V_______Sp.___ stop from load monitor. The ident. number of sets which are started or stopped
is displayed. The command is passed on to the GMM 10 with the set number.
This GMM 10 is then responsible for the execution; see DA test item number 2
and 4. The start number appears prior to commencement of start up to 15
seconds after the set is on the bus bar. The stop number appears for 4 sec.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 46 of 80
Display Meaning
What will the load monitor do next?

The power reserve appears here (sumPrated -Pactual). In addition, the time and the
ident letter (S1, S2, Sr, Sp, Sw) for the criterion which would initiate a start or
stop next appears. The assignment depends on the parameter remarks given
below. The indicated power reserve is usually the apparent power reserve. Only
if a start takes place due to insufficient active power reserve (ident letter Sw) the
active power reserve is displayed. (positive indication: reserve remains, negative
indication: the rated power of the sets has already been exceeded)
S1____kVA__s Apparent power reserve 1: limit values, parameters 8.2/8.4
S2____kVA__s Apparent power reserve 2: limit values, parameters 8.5/8.6
Sr____KvA__s Apparent power reserve relative: limit values parameters 8.3/8.4
Sp____kVA__s Apparent power reserve for initiating stop: limit values parameters 8.9/8.10
Sw____kW__s Active power reserve: limit values parameters 8.7/8.8
Load monitor simulation (only if Parameter 8.1 = 1)
The apparent power reserve can be changed with the buttons

-Parameter / + Parameter. This simulated power leads to actual start or stop of
the set. A stop is not performed by the respective set if the power reserve does
not permit disconnection.
The fact that the power reserve has been changed by simulation is indicated by
the unit kVA - and kVA ¯. The simulated power is reset when this indication is
left.
S1 50kV_ 4s The power reserve is greater than in reality
Sp 4500kV_30s The power reserve is lower than in reality

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 47 of 80
Display Meaning
All digital outputs at a glance. Set number means the digital output has been
set. The numbers 1 to 4 are not actual digital outputs but are digital conditions.
Refer to chapter 4 for relay outputs not mentioned here.
DO________
DO123456789A "1" º set automatic, ready for start, load monitor/mains monitor. Remains if
set is on the bus.
"2" º start contact (can be parameterized as relay output or is transmitted to
DMU 10 by telegram)
"3" º disconnection, means not only the load relieving phase but also the time
for dieseling, transmitted to DMU 10 by telegram
"4" º stop contact (can be parameterized as relay output or is transmitted to
DMU10 by telegram)
"5" º DO5; X4:7,8 relay output via DEA401
function can be parameterized; default: de-excitation
function can be parameterized; default: thermistor trigger
function can be parameterized; default: start contact
"8" º DO8;X8:7,8 relay output via DEA401
function can be parameterized: default: stop contact
"9" º servo motor HIGH relay output; X7:3,4
"A" º servo motor LOW relay output; X7:4,5

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 48 of 80
Display Meaning
DI________ All digital inputs at a glance. Set number means the digital output has been set
(contact closed)
DI123456789A "1" º disconnection; X3:1

"2" º generator circuit breaker ON; X3:3
"3" º generator to be connected (enable ON); X3:5
"4" º alarm acknowledgement button; X3:7
"5" º automatic; X4:1
"6" º diesel/shaft generator not ready (3 min. disturbance); X4:3
"7" º indication II2 selected via analog output; X4:4
"8" º indication II3 selected via analog output; X4:6
"9" º speed adjustment HIGH (for electronic diesel controller); for shaft
generator: generator ready; X4:7
"A" º speed adjustment LOW (for electronic diesel controller); for shaft
generator: generator start command passed on (reduced); X4:8
Imax___A_s Indication of max. value of all three phase currents and tripping time/residual
time for overcurrent. Counts with flashing numbers from 0 until circuit breaker is
Imax1444A20s tripped when the allowable current has been exceeded.
If the test button is held during a test display (and only as long as it is held), the
current is increased by the current increase factor (see parameter 1.5). Actual
circuit breaker tripping can therefore be tested even if the mains power is not
sufficient for this. Depending on the selection of the factor, short-circuit tripping
and the disconnection of unimportant loads can become active.
1lul____A__s Indication of maximum value of all three phase currents and the tripping
time/residual time for the disconnection of unimportant loads 1. Flashing
numbers towards 0 until the loads have been disconnected if the allowable
1lul956A10s current is exceeded.
Current increase factor, see Imax.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 49 of 80
Display Meaning
2lul___A__S Indication of maximum value of all three phase currents and tripping
2lul956A10s numbers towards 0 until the loads have been disconnected if the allowable
current is exceeded.
3lul___A__S Indication of maximum value of all three phase currents and tripping
3lul956A10s numbers towards 0 until the loads have been disconnected if the allowable
current is exceeded.
Ful___._Cy__s Indication of generator frequency and tripping time/residual time for

disconnection of unimportant loads 1 and 2 due to underfrequency. Flashing
numbers towards 0 until the loads are disconnected if the frequency is below the
Ful60.1Cy10s allowable frequency
Vmax____V__s Indication of maximum value of all three phase voltages and tripping
time/residual time for overvoltage: Flashing numbers towards 0 until the circuit
Vmax_440V18s breaker has tripped, if the allowable voltage has been exceeded.
Vmin____V__s Indication of minimum value of all three phase voltages and tripping
time/residual time for undervoltage: Flashing numbers towards 0 until the circuit
Vmin_440V18s breaker has tripped, if the voltage is below allowable voltage
Fmax__._Cy_s Indication of generator frequency and tripping time/residual time for circuit
breaker tripping due to overfrequency. Flashing numbers towards 0 until the
Fmax60.1C10s circuit breaker is switched off, if the allowable frequency is exceeded.
Fmin__._Cy_s Indication of generator frequency and tripping time/residual time for circuit
breaker tripping due to underfrequency. Flashing numbers towards 0 until the
Fmin60.1C10s circuit breaker is switched off, if the frequency is below the allowable value.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 50 of 80
Display Meaning
Fwng__._Cy_s Indication of generator frequency and tripping time/residual time for

underfrequency warning. Flashing numbers towards 0 until the circuit breaker
warning has tripped if the frequency is below the allowable value
Fwng60.1C10s
lasy____A__s Indication of greatest difference between all three phase currents and tripping
time/residual time for switch-off due to phase asymmetry. Flashing numbers
towards 0 until circuit breaker has tripped due to allowable current differential
lasy 300A20s being exceeded
Prev___kW__s Indication of active power and tripping time/residual time for reverse power.
Flashing numbers towards 0 until the circuit breaker has tripped if the allowable
Pre1000kW-5s reverse power is not reached
Qre____kVA__s Indication of reactive power difference to that generators who is the nearest
to the own generator and tripping time / residual time for excitation faults.
Flashing numbers towards 0, until the warning is triggered if the allowable
Qre800kVA__7s reactive power difference has been exceeded.
In the case of differently large generators, the percentage reactive power
difference is multiplied by the own rated power.
T____________ Display of all set-numbers which are members of the serial interface in the ring
communication
In the serial interface GMM-bus telegrams are send in the ring. Each member
T012345678EF (each GMM10) marks its telegram with its unit number (par 1.3). If a telegram is
received, so the number in the display is fired for 200 ms. In case of three to four
units in the ring, the numbers of the members should be continuously fired. In
case of more members, the numbers will show a flashlight (the telegram-runtime
per member accounts about 60 ms). The test-display is useful to check the
distribution of the set-numbers and the function of the GMM-bus.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 51 of 80
10.5 Relay indicator lamps on the front panels
The front panels of ZKG-403 and SWK-401 have control diodes

which show the status of the respective card relays.
The functions of the relays are as follows:
ZKG-403 K1: Relay DA 1, X5:1,2 (default: unimportant

load, stage 2, normally closed)
K2: Relay DA 4, X5:3,4 (default: collective
alarm, normally closed)
K3: Relay DA 2, X%.5,6 (default: unimportant
load, stage 1, normally closed)
K4: Cycle relay / watchdog, X8: 11,12 (opens in
the case of voltage or equipment failure)
SWK-403 K1: Undervoltage coil tensioned, X11:24,26 or

X17: 1,3
K2: Tension circuit breaker, X8:1,2
K3: Relay DA 3 X8:3,4 (default: message circuit
breaker failure)
K4: Generator circuit breaker switch-on signal, X9:20,22

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 52 of 80
11. Automatic Power Supply with GMM 10, Diesel Control DMU 10
and Remote Display BAT 406
The generator management module GMM 10 can be integrated in

a networked automation structure. The diesel control module
DMU 10 and the control and display panel can be linked with
the GMM 10 via the GEAPAS bus. Diesel start and stop are
then effected from the GMM 10 via the GEAPAS bus to the DMU
10. BAT 406 permits remote control/display for a GMM 10 and
DMU 10 jointly. Operating values and alarm indications from
both units are shown on BAT 406.
If a BAT406 and the DMU are used, the parameter 7.1 is set
and parameter 1.17 is reset (the BAT 406 is controlled from
the DMU 10). If only a BAT 406 is used without a DMU 10
(e.g. for shaft generators or external diesel control units)
only the parameter 1.17 must be set.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 53 of 80

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 54 of 80
12. GMM 10 as Shaft Generator Management Module

12.1 GMM 10 for STN Frequency Controlled Shaft Generator
Extended with additional software GMM 10 can be used as
shaft generator control system. Relay extension DEA 4011 is
needed. Parameters 1.16 / 2.14 / 2.15 / 2.16 / 4.3 must be
adjusted properly for shaft generator use. All the functions
described above apply. Is the parameter 2.14 set to 1, so
the GMM 10 software is programmed for a frequency controlled
shaft generator. In that case ( par 2.14 is set to 1) the
following functions will be added to the normal functions:
- When the shaft generator is disconnected (DI1 button

X3:1,2), the generator is initially unloaded as usual.
Subsequently, the SG STOP is given (relay contact X8: 7,8).
The circuit breaker is only opened 5 seconds later.
Normally, the shaft generator will already have disconnected
itself via the electronic from the shaft generator from the
bus bar before this.
- The contact "SG Failure" (DI6 X4: 2,3) leads to a start

command for diesel generators in the automatic mode (see
parameter 2.15). If there are sufficient diesel generators
are started and connected, the faulty shaft generator is
subsequently unloaded and disconnected from the bus bar. In
the display is shown "SG trouble "
- The contact "Diesel start" (DIA X4: 5,8) leads to start

command for diesel generators in the automatic mode (see
parameter 2.16). In the display is shown "Diesel Start". In
this case the shaft generator will not be disconnected by
the GMM 10.
- The contact "shaft generator indispensable" (DO6 X8: 9,10)

is given when not enough diesels run parallel to the shaft
generator so that the shaft generator power can be taken
over by the diesel generators. If the shaft generator has
1
Located on DEA 401: jumper X2:5-6 and 7-8

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 55 of 80
given the contact "Diesel start". The relay output will be

taken of, after sufficient diesel generators are connected
to the bus bar.
- The maximum active power is limited via the analog input

X1: 2,8. This signal comes from the shaft generator
electronic. It corresponds to the main engine speed. 5 V
corresponds to 100% power enable. The display of the value
is selectable on the BAT407
("SG-limit xx%").
- In connection with a BAT 406, a manual start of the shaft

generator is passed on via the output "SG Start" (relay
contact DO7 X8: 6,8) if the shaft generator indicates that
it is ready via the digital input "SG ready" (contact DI9
X4: 5,7).
- The shaft generator never will be started and stopped by

the load monitor.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 56 of 80
12.2 GMM 10 for Synchronous Shaft Generator
For the synchronous shaft-generator, there other functions

then for the frequency controlled shaft generator. If
parameter 2.14 is set to 2 or 3, then GMM 10 activates the
specific functions of the synchronous shaft-generator.
Parameters 1.16 / 2.14 / 2.15 / 2.16 / 4.3 must be adjusted
properly for shaft generator use. All the functions
described above apply.
Is the parameter 2.14 set to 2 or 3, so the following
functions will be added to the normal functions:
The "Start" of the synchronous shaft generator will a) be
initiated via the key synchronization or b) by releasing
the excitation:
a) If the shaft generator is permanent excited, so the
synchronization is started via the input DI3 X3:5,6
"Synchronization in manual mode" (parameter 4.1 set)
b) If it is desired to release the excitation only for
connection and not if the shaft generator is in no-load
running, so you can switch the excitation via the relay DO5.
The parameter 1.12 has to be set to 423 if the contact opens
for excitation. He has to be set to 424 if the relay opens
for switching on the excitation.
- With the digital input DI3 X3:5,6 the excitation is
released. After excitation the synchronization will be done
automatically, if parameter 4.2 is set.
- Via the input DI1 X3:1,2 "Disconnection" the breaker is
opened and in addition to that the excitation is switched
off.
The excitation (and connection) and the de-excitation (and
disconnection) of the shaft-generator can also be done
remote with the keys start and stop on the BAT406.
If PC board DEA401 is installed, an external start of the SG
needs the "ready" signal via DI9 (X4:5,7).

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 57 of 80
- The contact "SG Distribution" (DI6 X4:2,3) releases in

automatic operation a start to the diesel generators ( see
parameter 2.15). For instance this contact can be supplied
with the function "main engine reduces". If there are
sufficient diesel generators are started and connected, and
the alarm still is active, the disturbed shaft generator is
relieved of load and disconnected. The display shows "SG
trouble "
- The shaft generator never will be started and stopped by

the load monitor.
Permanent parallel running between synchronous shaft

generator and diesel generators is only possible, if the
diesel generators are supplied with an electronic diesel
governor. Otherwise parallel running is only for taking over
load. With parameter 2.14 you can choose two different
parallel running modes:
a) Parameter 2.14 is set to 2. In this case the parallel
running is not limited by the GMM 10.
b) Parameter 2.14 is set to 3. Then the parallel running
only is used to relieve load. Starting of the diesel
generator or excitation of the shaft generator is done by
the personnel. The stopping of the sets if there is a mixed
mode is done automatically:
- If the shaft generator has been connected last, the diesel
generators are stopped automatically.
- If a diesel generator has been connected last, the
synchronous shaft generator is relieved and disconnected
automatically. If the diesel generators can’t take the load
of the shaft generator, so the shaft generator keeps on the
mains until the personnel has started sufficient diesel
generators, then the shaft generator is stopped.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 58 of 80
13. Integrated Load Monitor Function (with Extension ZDM 401)

Functions of the load monitor :
- Starting and stopping of generator sets according to the
power demand.
- Connecting of single loads with high power after creating
reserve power.
Load monitor function is enabled by parameter 8.1. Digital
extension ZDM 401 must be provided for the required digital
inputs and relay outputs. The load monitor is selectable at
each GMM 10. But in general, he should only become activated
at one unit. exceptions see next page load monitor in case
of two bus bars.
A diesel start takes place, when the required power reserve

is no longer available after an adjustable delay time.
Different starting points can be set with parameters 8.2 to
8.8. An automatic start can be suppressed with the key "No
diesel start".
A diesel stop takes place, if the required power reserve has

been exceeded after an adjustable delay time. Parameters 8.9
and 8.10 permit setting of the stopping point. The user must
ensure that the power reserve for a diesel stop is greater
than the power reserve for a diesel start. Power peaks up to
12 seconds interrupt the sequence of the stop delay. If the
power reserve permits disconnection of several sets, the
stop of a second set is initiated 60 seconds after the
previous one. An automatic stop can be suppressed with the
key "No diesel stop".
Coastal traffic
If an additional power reserve is desired, the operating
personnel can request the start of one or all available
diesel sets via the button "coastal traffic". The desired
reserve power for coastal traffic is set with parameter
8.11.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 59 of 80
The starting sequence for the generator sets is as follows:

- generator sets disconnected and still running
- generator sets preselected with priority
- other generator sets
Within a priority group, the generator set with the lowest
set number has precedence. Of course an aggregate is only
selected for start, if it is in automatic mode and no
unacknowledged alarm still is existing. If the load monitor
is looking for an aggregate to start and there is none
available, the alarm "P-reserv<min" is given.
The stop sequence for the generator sets has a vice versa
priority in comparison with the start sequence:
- First stop priority for aggregates without preselection
- Aggregates with higher set numbers are stopped
Aggregates in manual mode will not be stopped. If the power
calculation demands a stop of one set, but no set is in
automatic mode or the key no diesel stop is pressed, the
alarm "DG underload" will be set.
If a load is to be connected, the load must be selected. The
selection indicator flashes until the load has been
connected after which the indicator illuminates with a
permanent light. The power of the loads 1 to 6 is set via
the parameters 8.12 to 8.17. The selection of a load can be
canceled, by a second push on the selection key. Normally
the selection will be deactivated, if the load is connected.
In case of two bus bars with coupling breaker, each bus bar
will be fit out with its own load monitor. While the bus
bars are coupled, the one load monitor works as a master and
the other as a slave. The slave does never stop an unit but
he can start as well. This is necessary because only he is
responsible for the connecting of the single loads on his
side. The load monitor slave becomes active for stopping, if
the master is missed. This takes place if the tiebreaker is
opened. He detects this, because he does not recognize a
master in the serial line gmm-bus. Each load monitor has to
get his own extension ZDM401. The parameters in group 8 have
to be adjusted to the same start and stop-conditions.
Differences in parameter adjustment are in parameter 8.1.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 60 of 80
The master is identified by a one and the slave is

identified by the number two.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 61 of 80
The inputs No diesel start / No diesel stop / coastal

traffic are push buttons in case of load monitor master. The
inputs of a slave work as switches. That is why it is useful
to connect the static output relay from the ZDM401-master to
the inputs from the ZDM401-slave, and only to serve manually
the keys of the ZDM401 master.
Start selection in case of bus bars with tiebreakers

If there are two coupled bus bars, there are some further
conditions for start and stop-selection of the load monitor:
- a) If possible the number of sets on each bus bar should
be identical, that means the bus bars with less sets will be
preferred for the start selection. Otherwise priority is
like described above.
-b) the transverse power from one bus bar to the other shall
be minimized. The following conditions are working in case
of great transfer power:
-b1) The transverse power is less then the allowed
tiebreaker transverse power (par 6A.2/Tiebreaker), in
that case the transverse power has no influence
-b2) The transverse power is between the allowed
tiebreaker transverse power (par 6A.2/Tiebreaker) and
the maximum transverse power(par 6A.3). In that case
the start selection chooses those units, if possible,
on that bus bar side which receives power. Is this not
possible (aggregates in manual mode, not ready), units
from the other bus bar are selected as well.
-b3) The transverse power is higher than the maximum
transverse power (par 6A.3). In that case the start
selection chooses only those units, on that bus bar
side which receives power. Is this not possible, the
alarm "P-Reserv<min" is generated.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 62 of 80
Stop selection in Bus bars with tiebreakers

The stop sequence by bars with tiebreakers is vice versa to
the start selection
a) If possible the number of sets on each bus bar should be
identical, that means the bus bars with more sets will be
preferred for the stop selection. Otherwise priority is like
described above.
-b) the transverse power from one bus bar to the other shall
be minimized. The following conditions are working in case
of great transfer power:
-b1) The transverse power is less then the allowed
tiebreaker transverse power (par 6A.2/Tiebreaker), in
that case the transverse power has no influence on stop
conditions
-b2) The transverse power is between the allowed
tiebreaker transverse power (par 6A.2/Tiebreaker) and
the maximum transverse power(par 6A.3). In that case
the stop selection chooses units on the bus bar side
which feeds power to the other one. Is this not
possible, (aggregates in manual mode, not ready) units
from the other bus bar are stopped as well.
-b3) The transverse power is higher than the maximum
transverse power(par 6A.3). In that case the stop
selection chooses only units, on the bus bar side,
which feeds power to the other bus bar side. Is this
not possible, the alarm "DG-Underload" is generated.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 63 of 80
Description of I/O's for load monitor connected to ZDM401
Digital Inputs
No diesel start ZDM401 X3:2, X4:2

No diesel stop ZDM401 X3:3, X4:3
Coastal traffic ZDM401 X3:1, X4:1
------------- ZDM401 X3:4, X4:4
Selection load 1 ZDM401 X3:5, X4:5
Feedback load 1 is ON ZDM401 X3:6, X4:6
Selection load 1 ZDM401 X3:7, X4:7
Feedback load 2 is ON ZDM401 X3:8, X4:8
Relay Outputs
Feedback : No diesel start ZDM401 X5:4, X6:4

Feedback : No diesel stop ZDM401 X5:6, X6:6
Feedback: Coastal traffic ZDM401 X5:2, X6:2
----------- ZDM401 X5:8, X6:8
Load 1 waiting ZDM401 X7:2, X8:2
Load 1 switch-on-signal ZDM401 X7:4, X8:4
Load 2 waiting ZDM401 X7:6, X8:6
Load 2 switch-on-signal ZDM401 X7:8, X8:8

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 64 of 80
Extension ZDM401 for connecting loads 3 to 6 with module

REM401 :
Digital Inputs
Selection load 3 REM401 X1:1, X2:1

Feedback : load 3 is ON REM401 X1:2, X2:2
Relay Outputs
Load 3 waiting REM401 X5:2, X6:2

Load 3 switch-on-signal REM401 X5:4, X6:4
Load 5 is waiting REM401 X7:2, X8:2

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 65 of 80
14. Bus bar monitor

There are mains who’s short-circuit power is not sufficient if
all sets are running in parallel. The automatic limitation of
the number of parallel running sets here is called bus bar
monitor. If the maximum allowable number of sets is on mains,
no further connection is released. The load monitor as well
will start no further set, independent of the reserve power (it
wouldn't be connected anyway). The max allowed no. of
generators is set by parameter 7.6 .
In some mains the limit for the maximum allowed generators can
become exceeded for a short time. So you are able to change the
sets. If one additional aggregate (over the limit from par 7.6)
is started, it will be synchronized by GMM 10, and after 15 sec
an other aggregate will be relieved of load and stopped. This
relative limit is adjusted with parameter 7.5 .
For instance, if parameter 7.5 is adjusted to 3 ("MaxNoGen
3"), and parameter 7.6 is adjusted to 4 ("MaxGen60s 4") it
works as following: There will never be more then 4 sets on the
mains. The fourths only will be connected for load take over.
If it is connected, an other aggregate becomes stopped.
The selection of the stopping aggregate has the following

priority:
- The set which has been connected the last never will be
stopped
- First stop priority is for sets with an actual alarm ( for
instance cooling water temperature) which would preface an
delayed stop, independent weather it is in MANUAL or AUTOMATIC
mode.
- Second stop priority is given to shaft generators.
- Third stop priority is given to diesel generators which are
in AUTOMATIC mode but have no start PRESELECTION
- Fourth stop priority is given to diesel generators which are
in AUTOMATIC mode but have start PRESELECTION
- Fifth stop priority is given to diesel generators which are
in MANUAL mode. So it is ensured that the mains monitor works
independent from manual or automatic mode.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 66 of 80
15. Signal Diagram

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 67 of 80

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 68 of 80
16. Additional functions (not included in standard-software)
16.1 Vector-surge-relay
The function of a vector-surge-relay is achieved by a

software-extension of GMM10. It is a monitoring function,
which is only significant for sets working at land-nets.
She shell not be activated at island-nets (like on ships).
The vector-surge-relay is monitoring the continuously
progress of the linked voltage U12. In a net with 50
Cycles all 20 msec the positive zero-position of the
voltage is repeated. A slow moving net-frequency is
allowed. But it is not allowed, that the distance between
two following zero-positions changes in a big step. In
this case an alarm is created. At the same time it is
possible to initiate a breaker trip via a relay-contact.
In figure below the reference-voltage, which would occur
by a continuously progress of the voltage, is shown in the
interrupted line. It is build intern in the GMM10 The real
voltage is shown with the uninterrupted line.
0,5
0
0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630
-0,5
-1
At the angle of 180 degrees, the difference of the zero-

points is too large.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 69 of 80
- Small variations of the net-frequency are normal. So The

GMM10 always will synchronize the reference-voltage to the
real net-frequency. The following of the internal
frequency after the real net-frequency runs with a maximum
acceleration-movement of the zero-point of 0.01 ms (
=10°/sec ). That means, that the acceleration of the
voltage-vector of 10°/sec is allowed. This value is can
not be changed by parameters. In case of frequency-
variations bigger then 10°/sec, the difference of the
zero-points of the real voltage and the simulated stiff
voltage is growing. If the permitted trip-angle is
exceeded, an alarm is given.
- The monitoring of the vector-surge is released 3 seconds
after the breaker is closed. The alarm delaytime is 50 ms
- The release angle (maximum difference between simulated
continuous net and real net can be set by parameter. For
release-angle the permitted synchronize-angles (about 15-
30) degrees are recommended. The parameter setting is done
with parameter 6A.3.
- The output of the alarm-signal or of the trip-contact
can be done by each freely programmable relay. The contact
number is 329 (see parameter 1.8 to 1.15). The alarm-
contact works as a monoflop with an impulse-time of about
5 sec. The generator breaker tripping is not linked with
this alarm by software. Beside the programmable relay
contact the common alarm “Vectorbreak “ is shown in the
display. An automatic synchronization only works, if no
unacknowledged alarms are fixed. So it is necessary too,
to acknowledge this alarm, before GMM10 executes the next
automatic synchronization.
- The release of the alarm “Vectorbreak “ is inactive, if
the parameter 6A.3 is set to a release-value of 180
degrees. This is the standard presetting of this
parameter.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 70 of 80
16.2 df/dt monitoring (Frequency-variation)
The function df/dt monitoring alarms quick changes of the

net-frequency, it works similar like the vector-surge -
monitoring. This function is a monitoring-function which
is only significant for generator-sets at land-nets. She
shall not be activated at island networks.
For de-central power-plants it can be important to
measure, weather the generator-speed suddenly is
accelerating (positive or negative).
The increase or decrease of the generator-frequency will
occur, if the connection to the net fails. It shall be
prevented, that in the moment where the net-voltage
returns, the generator is not in synchronism to the
returning net. The protection device GMM 10 has got a
software extension. So it is possible to energize a relay
contact if the frequency-acceleration is inadmissible. The
release will become active, if the average of the
frequency-acceleration within the last 5 voltage-periods
exceeds the frequency-limit. The release is not active, if
the voltage drops more then 50% at the same time, because
in case of voltage-dip the measurement of the frequency is
no longer possible, respectively is not differentiable
with sufficient accuracy.
The release of the maximum admissible frequency-
acceleration can be set by parameter. The parameter 6A.10
of GMM10 (the 10. parameter in parametergroup 6A) has the
following text in the display (german / englisch):
df/dt 2.0Hz/s df/dt 2.0Cy/s

??????
He is minimum adjustable to the value of 0.5 Cy/sec.
The maximum value of 1000.0 Cy/sec is used to deactivate
the df/dt-monitoring.
For monitoring df/dt the value of 2.0 Cy/sec (preset of
the parameter) is recommended.
If the frequency-acceleration will exceed the admissible
limit, the following alarm will rise:
df/dt > max

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 71 of 80
The alarm keeps in the display until he has been

acknowledged. If the alarm occurs the contact-number 331
is set for about 4 seconds. Via the parameter 1.8 to 1.15
(see parameter-list) the contact-number can be linked with
a relay output.
The generator breaker will not trip if a df/dt alarm
rises.
Software-version-number for integration df/dt release:

PC-board ZKG404: 271.149903
PC-board SLE401: 271.149904 (PC position A69)

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 72 of 80
16.3 Undervoltage positive-sequence-relay
This description of the undervoltage positive-sequence-

system is in relation to the software-versions:
PC-board ZKG404 (16 Mhz!): 271.149903

PC-board SLE401 (16 Mhz!): 271.149904
This versions can only be installed together.

They are not compatible to the standard-software!
Problem
In land-nets sometimes short-circuits and short-

interruptions in higher voltage-levels cause voltage-dips
in lower voltage-levels. The normal undervoltage-trip with
conditions as we know it in ship-nets could cause a
undervoltage breaker-trip, because it could happen, that a
single linked voltage decreases under 60% of the rated
value. This effect has no meaning in ship-nets, because
the delaytime of the undervoltage-trip is always higher
then the highest delaytime for short-circuit-trips.
But in land-nets it is desired, that no undervoltage-trip
will occur, if the synchronizing torque is sufficient for
the generator, hence if there is no fear that the
generator and net will diverge. This condition is given,
if the generator-voltage still has a sufficient positive-
sequence-system.
On the other hand, a quick trip is desired, if the
positive-sequence-system is insufficient so hold the
generator in synchronism. Now there is the danger, that
net and generator will diverge, the delaytime of up to 1
s, which is used in ship-nets is for long for land-nets.
briefly worded, there is the wish of a undervoltage-trip
which works only on the positive-sequence-system.
Realization of the protection function
The protection-function “Undervoltage-release on positive-

sequence-system“ shall only be activated 150 ms after the
generator has been closed. Monitoring of the net before
the breaker is closed, is not achieved. After alarm-rise
the alarm can be acknowledged local or remote. The GMM10

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 73 of 80
standard-function “Phasefailure“ is inactive, because it

would fulfill a similar purpose.
Display-function
To check the proper connection of the phase voltages the

actual voltage of the positive-sequence-system is shown on
the control and display panel:
Umit V Vps
/
V
According to the common definition the voltage of the
positive-sequence-system in a net without failures
correspondents to the conductor-earth-voltage
(respectively conductor-neutral-point-voltage. For an
easier operation the voltage of the positive-sequence-
system here is shown as linked voltage.
parameter settings
This protect function has two parameters:
On the one hand a minimum admissible limit for the voltage
of the positive-sequence-system can be set via parameter
6A.8 :
Umit % /
Vps %
Presetting is 60 % of the rated Voltage, minimum 0 and
maximum 100%). A reasonable alarm limit accounts about 60%
of the net-voltage. (50 % correspondents to the failure of
one phase!)
On the other hand a alarm rise delaytime can be adjusted

via
Parameter 6A.9:
/
TD-Umit . s TD-Vps . s
Preset is done with 50 ms, minimum 0 ms and maximum 9,99s.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 74 of 80
17. Contact numbers for freely programmable relays
The functions of the freely programmable relays are given

by the settings of the contact numbers (see chapter 4.2).
Here is only a selection of some common used contact
numbers. Further functions/contact-numbers can be given on
demand.
contact-number meaning/Function of contact-number
8 feed back from DI1 X3:1,2

19 feed back from DI9/EDR401 X4:5,7
20 feed back from DIA/EDR401 X4:5,8
24 feed back from DI9/DEA401 X4:5,7
25 feed back from DIA/DEA401 X4:5,8
57 Generator-voltage positive sequence
72 Loadmonitor no dieselgenerator-start
73 Loadmonitor no dieselgenerator-stop
74 Loadmonitor selection coastal traffic
76 Loadmonitor feed back selection load 1
130 automatic mode selected and active, not overwritten via BAT436 or
remote control
134 closed if all generator breaker are opened
162 collective alarm, closed if any alarm is active
221 check contact current-trigger-point overcurrent-trip
222 check contact current-trigger-point disconnection of
unimportant load 1
223 check contact current-trigger-point discon. of unimportant load 2
224 check contact current-trigger-point discon. of unimportant load 3
225 check contact under-frequency-trigger-point disconnection of
unimportant load 1/2/3

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 75 of 80
226 check contact power-trigger-point reverse-power-trip

227 check contact voltage-trigger-point over-voltage-trip
228 check contact voltage-trigger-point under-voltage-trip
229 check contact frequency-trigger-point over-frequency-trip
230 check contact frequency-trigger-point under-frequency-trip
231 check contact current-trigger-point asymmetrical phase-current
232 check contact frequency-trigger-point under-frequency-warning
233 check contact power-trigger-point asymmetrical reactive power
276 Alarm overcurrent
277 Alarm overcurrent 2 / overcurrent integral
278 Alarm reverse-power
279 Alarm over-voltage
280 Alarm under-voltage
281 Alarm over-frequency
282 Alarm under-frequency
283 Alarm under-frequency-warning
284 Alarm short circuit 1
285 Alarm short circuit 2
286 Alarm phasefailure
287 Alarm asymmetrical phase-current
288 Alarm trip stator protection
289 Alarm trip asymmetrical reactive power
290 Alarm trip differential protection
291 Alarm earthfault
292 Alarm generator internal earthfault
293 Alarm disconnection of unimportant load 1
296 Alarm disconnection of unimportant load 1/2/3
297 Alarm thermistor overtemperature
298 Alarm breaker trip
299 Alarm connection on short circuit
300 Alarm synchronization time overstepped
301 Alarm mixed mode manual/auto and slide frequency is active
302 Alarm ring communication GMM-bus no reception of telegrams
303 Alarm communication GMM-bus open circuit
304 Alarm EEPROM Checksumfailure
305 failure power supply of +-15V voltage for electronics
306 serial/parallel interface to SLE401 card place A69 has fault
307 serial/parallel interface to SLE401 card place A1 has fault
308 fuse NEG437 power supply has fault

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 76 of 80
309 Alarm cable break in plunger coil of the actuator (elec.diesel

control)
310 Alarm cable break Pic-Up speed sensor (electrical diesel control)
311 Alarm 3 min. stop procedure dieselgenerator
312 Alarm Black Out but circuit breaker on
313 Alarm telegram transmission ZDM401 disturbed
314 Alarm telegram transmission DSM401 disturbed
316 Alarm shaft generator disturbed
317 Alarm main engine is reducing speed
318 Alarm diodefailure
319 Alarm P>Stoprelease, the power balance does not permit stop
enable
320 Alarm start not possible from load monitor
321 Alarm stop not possible from load monitor
322 Alarm speed-governor-motor failure
323 Alarm connection error of generator voltage (negative-sequence)
325 Alarm DEA401 missing/has fault
326 Alarm EDR401 missing/has fault
329 Alarm vector-surge
330 Alarm undervoltage positive-sequence
331 Alarm df/dt release
350 activation under-voltage-coil
351 breaker tension signal (in manual permanent active)
353 trip-on signal circuit-breaker
360 collective alarm, opens at alarm
361 temperature alarm thermistor-sensor, closes at alarm
362 generator de-excitation, closes to de-excitate
363 disconnection unimportant load 1, closes at alarm
365 breaker-disconnection
366 diesel-start-relay
367 diesel-stop-relay
368 diesel-generator not ready
369 breaker-trip-signal
370 disconnection unimportant load 1, opens at alarm
374 breaker tension signal
375 temperature alarm thermistor-sensor, opens at alarm
402 load monitor switch-on-signal consumer 1

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 77 of 80

411 synchronization release, signal to tiebreaker
414 message shaftgenerator indispensable
415 generator de-excitation, opens to de-excitate
416 governor-motor up
417 governor-motor down
418 two or more generators are on the mains,
opens if only one generator is connected
420 breaker “OFF“
421 message electronic diesel-controller is selected
423 synchronous-generator de-excitation, opens to de-excitate
424 synchronous-generator de-excitation, closes to de-excitate
456 overcurrent, opens if overcurrent release
474 collective alarm <U, >U, <f, >f, df/dt>, U-ps, closes at alarm
475 collective alarm <U, >U, <f, >f, df/dt>, U-ps, opens at alarm

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 78 of 80
18. Parameter back-up and settings via PC
The parameter saving and setting can be done with the aid of a
personal computer. It is recommended, after commissioning to
store and save the parameter-list. So the parameter settings
are documented without errors, and anytime they can be
reproduced for spare part delivering, Because it is possible
too, if necessary to change the PC-board ZKG404 to load the
parameters from PC to GMM10. Further on it is possible to
change the parameters on the PC, and then load down the changed
parameters to the GMM10.
The following functions are available:
• Store parameters from GMM10 on PC-discs and make a file-copy.
• View and edit parameters at the PC.
• Print out parameter-list from PC to printer.
• Load parameters from PC to GMM10
The following tools are required:
- A disc with the installation-program GMMPAR.EXE
- The supply of the ZKG404 with the IC D6 (serial-interface IC
MAX232 Copics No. 272.341 036). On newer central units ZKG404
it is supplied mass-produced.
- PC/laptop with serial interface COM1 or COM2
- Interconnection cable PC to GMM10 (9-poles SubD - 25-poles
SubD)
with pin connections like below:
PC(9-poles-socket): GMM10(25-poles-plug):
Carrier Detect 1 •
Receive Data 2 • 3 Transmit Data
Transmit Data 3 • 2 Receive Data
Data Terminal Ready 4 • 5 Data Terminal ready
Signal Ground 5 • 7 Signal Ground
Data Set ready 6 •
Request to send 7 •
Clear to send 8 •
Ring indicator 9 •
The use of the program is guided by menu. It is sufficient to

connect GMM10 and PC with the cable and start the program with
the input a:\GMMPAR.
The baud rate of ZKG404 is 1800 Baud, 8 date bits, 1 stop bit,
no parity. The ZKG404 (not standard) has the baud rate of 9600
Baud.

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 79 of 80
19. Overview about PC-board configuration at GMM10
Basic/extended-functions PC-boards hardware-function of the PC-board card-

place
Basicfunctions ZKG404 central unit , digital in- and outputs, A33
analog in- and outputs,
serial datatransmission
NEG437 power supply A37
generator protection BAT407 control and displaypanel
load-sharing SWK401 voltage transformer for generator and A61
mains voltage
synchronization SLE401 current-transformer-card A69
RUE402 back panel for PC-boards A33-A77
FIM404 24V filter for all devices with 24V-DC attached
Black Out automatic support, necessary at all on
dieselgenerators with automatic Black RUE402
Out start or electronic diesel-governor
under-voltage-coil support USS402 support of under-voltage-coil A77
optional extension DEA401 additional 4 digital inputs and/or digital A44
extension DI/DO outputs/spare-relays
necessary at shaft generators
optional extension electronic EDR401 electronic diesel controller with speed A44
diesel governor pic-up and current supply for plunger
(if installed then no DEA401) oil of the actuator
one additional current-transformer-card for A1
optional extension SLE401 differential current protection
differential protection GDE401 additional power supply for differential A9
with analog cards protection
GDS401 current comparison starpoint A17
transformer with phase transformer
one additional current-transformer-card for A1
optional extension SLE401 differential current protection
differential protection GDE404 current comparison starpoint A17
with digital cards transformer with phase transformer
earth fault protection SWK402 capture earth fault current extern
Module

Date : 05.01.2001 Page 80 of 80

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Generator Management Module

Copyright STN ATLAS Marine Electronics

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

3. Undervoltage Coil Support System 10

6. Active Load Sharing 21

7. Mains Monitor (Automatic Blackout System) 22

10. Control and Display Panel 29

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

10.4 Test indication / Simulation 40

11. Automatic Power Supply with GMM 10, Diesel Control

12. GMM 10 as Shaft Generator Management Module 51

13. Integrated Load Monitor Function (with Extension

14. Bus Bar Monitor 61

15. Signal Diagram 62

16. Additional functions (not included in standard software) 64

17. Contact numbers of freely programmable relays 70

18. Parameter backup and settings via PC 74

19. Overview about PC-board configurations GMM 10 75

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

The GMM 10 electronic Generator Management Module has been

The module is supplied with power by a system achieving

Particular emphasis was placed on ensuring that the

The electronics are electrically isolated from both the

The generator management module fulfills all the

Additional functions such as active load sharing,

This description takes relation to the parameter description

The module monitors the following functions :

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

A) Energizing of Undervoltage Coil (par. 3.3)

B) Undervoltage (par 3.13/3.14)

C/1) Short-circuit Protection (par. 3.4/3.5)

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

C/2) Short-circuit Protection, Stage 2 (par. 3.6/3.7)

D) Overcurrent Protection (par. 3.8/3.9/3.10)

E) Phase Current Asymmetry (par. 3.17/3.18)

F) Reverse Power Protection (par. 3.11/3.12)

G) Overvoltage Monitoring (par 3.15/3.16)

H) Overfrequency Monitoring (par 3.31 / 3.32)

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

I) Underfrequency Monitoring (par. 3.27/3.28)

J) Underfrequency Warning (par 3.29 / 3.30)

K) Overcurrent Load Disconnection, 1st Stage

L) Overcurrent Load Disconnection, 2nd Stage (par.

M) Overcurrent Load Disconnection, 3rd Stage (par.

N) Underfrequency Load Disconnection (par. 3.25/3.26)

O) Thermistor Overtemperature Sensor (par 4.13)

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

P) Stator Protection (par 3.33/3.34)

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

Alarming or De-excitation and circuit-breaker

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

Load disconnection (current or underfrequency)

Sliding frequency (par 4.4)

Limits for voltage, current and frequency monitoring

An acknowledgment (Quit) button and error message

Author: Knirsch MBA3 Rev.: H Doc-No.: 271.123 221.BGE

3. Undervoltage Coil Support System

The undervoltage coil support system USS402 is used to

If the electronic short-circuit cut-out system of the GMM 10