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Branch of Saudi Plastic Products Co. Ltd. IOhóëŸG ájOƒ©°ùdG ∂«à°SÓÑdG äÉéàæe ácô°T ´ôa
C.R. 2050050912 2050050912 …QÉŒ πé°S

UPVC PIPES AND FITTINGS

For Water Supply
Irrigation Systems
Soil, Waste Discharge
Drainage & Sewerage
Cable Ducts and Conduits

SAPPCO THE LEADING NATIONAL FACTORY FOR UPVC PIPES

Publication P.3, Issue 5
March - 2009
NOTES :
 SAPPCO Dammam Factory

SAPPCO UPVC, with Rubber Seal Joint 3

Foreword There has been a tremendous growth in the industrial, commercial,
and housing sectors and in all types of public amenities in Saudi
Arabia. For this growth, pipelines are needed to convey water and
sewage, and to protect telecommunication and electrical cables. To
fulfill this need, Saudi Plastic Products Co. Ltd. was formed with the
aim of producing, in Saudi Arabia, a full range of unplasticised
polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) pipes and fittings to internationally
SAPPCO DAMMAM recognised standards and Saudi Arabian Standards.
FACTORY

SAPPCO-DAMMAM also manufacture:

- CPVC pipes for Hot water distribution systems
- Polyethylene (PE100/PE80) pipes for various services
applications
- Polyethylene sub-duct/miniduct for Fibre Optic
Cable/Telecom.
- PVC pipes to American Standards

Our model factory in Dammam Industrial Estate is equipped with the

most advanced extrusion systems available today and we are able to
supply complete UPVC, CPVC and HDPE pipelines at relatively short
notice for either new projects or additions to, or replacement of,
existing pipe lines.

We are confident that pipe of our manufacture is especially suited to

the needs and environment of Saudi Arabia and the surrounding
Countries and are proud that SAPPCO by producing pipes locally is
contributing to the industrialisation of Saudi Arabia.

SAPPCO DAMMAM FACTORY was formed with manufacturing

capacity of 14000 Tons of pipe products.

Our affiliated company APLACO in Riyadh manufactures UPVC and

CPVC pipe fittings designed to standards for use with SAPPCO
pipes. The Comprehensive range of fittings is available from our
factory stores.

4
Introduction This is a technical handbook for the engineers who designs and
installs water and sewage pipelines and it contains the most
up-to-date information now available, based on world wide know how
and technical knowledge.

The period of pioneering the use of UPVC pipes for the distribution of
water and sewerage is past and UPVC is widely established
throughout the world because of it’s many advantages over other
materials.

High quality pipes are manufactured within a EN ISO 9001:2008

certified quality management system.

In addition to the Riyadh Plant SAPPCO have built a model factory in

Dammam and equipped it with the most modern machinery available,
using many automated techniques to produce UPVC pipes to
exacting standards.

The accumulated knowledge of our Technical Advisors is freely

offered to engineers and our Technical Service Department is
available at all times to offer guidance and advice on the use of
SAPPCO UPVC pipes.

Consultants and Engineers are welcome to visit our offices, factory

and laboratory at the Dammam Industrial Estate, Dammam-Alkhobar,
Highway, for full discussions and to assure themselves that our
production and testing facilities are of the highest order.

We also cater for the Telecommunication and Electrical Engineer with

the supply of UPVC conduits and Ducts. For any information please
contact our Technical Sales Engineers.

5
PROPERTIES

MATERIAL : Unplasticised Polyvinyl Chloride (UPVC)

TABLE 1 : All values at 23°C unless otherwise specified

PROPERTY UNIT VALUE

General Properties:
Density g / cm3 1.42
Water absorption (boilingwater x 24h) mg / cm2 <4
Poisson’s Ratio - 0.35 - 0.38
Friction Co-efficient, Hazzen William Factor “C” 150

Mechanical Properties:
Tensile strength ultimate MPa >52
Modulus of Elasticity in tension MPa 3180
Compressive strength MPa 65.5
Flexural strength MPa 93
Izod Impact strength J/m of notch 55-60
Hardness (Rockwell) R 119
(Durometer) D >70±3

Thermal Properties:
Deflection temperature °C > 78
Vicat softening temperature °C > 80
Co-efficient of linear Th-Expansion mm/m °C 0.08
Specific Heat Kcal/kg°C 0.23
Thermal conductivity W/m °C/m2 0.15

Flammability Properties:
Flammability (resistance) Resistance Self extinguishing
(UL-94/0.062”) Rating V-O

Electrical Properties:
Dielectric Constant 60 cps @ 30°C 4.00
Dielectric Strength volts/mil 1100
Volume resistivity ohm.cm > 1014

Note : 1.1 : This data is based on information obtained from samples tested or provided by material
manufacturer. It should be used as a general recommendation only and not as a guarantee of
6 performance or longevity.
 SAPPCO pipe is made from unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride UPVC
Material Compound fully meeting the requirements of the manufacturing
Classification standards. SAPPCO UPVC Compound consist substantially UPVC resin
and to which only those additives are added which facilitate the
production of sound, durable and high quality pipes fully conforming to
the requirements of all relevant manufacturing Standards.

TABLE 2 : MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION

STANDARD DESCRIPTION CLASSIFICATION VALUE
EN ISO 12162 CLASSIFICATION PVC-U 250

EN ISO 12162 MIN. REQUIRED STRENGTH MRS, 25 MPa

ASTM D 1784 CELL CLASS 12454

ASTM D 1784 DESIGNATION PVC 1120

Manufacturing SAPPCO manufacture UPVC pipes to ISO 161-1 Metric Series specifies
Standards the nominal outside diameters for conveyance of fluids in pressure and
non-pressure applications. It also specifies nominal pressure rating,
MRS and overall service (design) Coefficients for thermoplastic pipes for
pressure application. Table 3 describe the manufacturing standards.

TABLE 3 : PIPE MANUFACTURING STANDARDS

ORGANIZATION COUNTRY CODE STANDARD NUMBER

SAUDI ARABIA SSA 14, 15, 255

DIN 8062, 16873, 16875

EUROPIANS DIN EN 1329-1, 1401-1
BS EN 1329-1, 1401-1, 1452 (imperial)

INTERNATIONAL ISO 161-1,3633, 4435

Chemical
Resistance Strong Oxidants Weak Acids
Halogens Weak Bases
Salts
Strong Acids
Strong Bases
All kind of water
SAPPCO PVC Pipe satisfy the
Excellent
requirements of DIN 8061 supp. 1
and ISO/TR 7473. Our pipe has
Aliphatic Solvents
excellent chemical resistance to Good
strong acids and bases. Aromatic Solvents Fair
Esters & Ketones Poor

Fig 1
7
 SAPPCO UPVC Pipe Dimensions

TABLE 4 : SAPPCO UPVC Pipe dimensions based on SSA 14, DIN 8062 and ISO 161-1

CLASS 2 CLASS 3 CLASS 4 CLASS 5

Nominal PN 4 PN 6 PN 10 PN 16
outside
diameter Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal
mm Wall Weight Wall Weight Wall Weight Wall Weight
mm Kg/m mm Kg/m mm Kg/m mm Kg/m

16 1.2 0.090
20 1.5 0.137
25 1.5 0.174 1.9 0.212
32 1.8 0.264 2.4 0.342
40 1.8 0.334 1.9 0.350 3.0 0.525
50 1.8 0.422 2.4 0.552 3.7 0.809
63 1.9 0.562 3.0 0.854 4.7 1.29
75 1.8 0.642 2.2 0.782 3.6 1.22 5.6 1.82
90 1.8 0.774 2.7 1.13 4.3 1.75 6.7 2.61
110 2.2 1.16 3.2 1.64 5.3 2.61 8.2 3.90
125 2.5 1.48 3.7 2.13 6.0 3.34 9.3 5.01
140 2.8 1.84 4.1 2.65 6.7 4.18 10.4 6.27
160 3.2 2.41 4.7 3.44 7.7 5.47 11.9 8.17
200 4.0 3.70 5.9 5.37 9.6 8.51 14.9 12.8
225 4.5 4.70 6.6 6.76 10.8 10.8 16.7 16.1
250 4.9 5.65 7.3 8.31 11.9 13.2 18.6 19.9
280 5.5 7.11 8.2 10.4 13.4 16.6 20.8 24.9
315 6.2 9.02 9.2 13.1 15.0 20.9 23.4 31.5
355 7.0 11.4 10.4 16.7 16.9 26.5 26.3 39.9
400 7.9 14.5 11.7 21.1 19.1 33.7 29.7 50.8
450 8.9 18.3 13.2 26.8 21.5 42.7 - -
500 9.8 22.4 14.6 32.9 23.9 52.6 - -
560 11.0 28.1 16.4 41.4 26.7 65.8 - -
630 12.4 35.7 18.4 52.2 30.0 83.2 - -
710 14.0 45.3 20.7 66.1 - - - -

Notes : 4.1 : Nominal pressure (PN) in BAR, Nominal outside diameter and nominal wall thickness are
based on overall service (design) Coefficient of C = 2.5
4.2 : Shaded sizes and class are only manufactured on special request.
4.3: 1 BAR = 0,1 MPa = 0,1N/mm2 = 100 kPa = 14.5 psi = 1,02 kg/cm2 = 0,987 atm = 10 meterhead water
4.4: 1 meter,m= 39.37 in = 3.281 ft = 100 cm = 1000 mm = 1.094 yd = 0.001 km
8 4.5: Colour : Grey
Pressure SAPPCO DAMMAM UPVC pipe is produced from specific pipe grade suspension
PVC homopolymer and only recommended additives are added to give optimize
Pipes for Potable processing and generate desirable physical charateristics in the pipe.
Water Supply
Table 5 shows the range of UPVC pipes of two different pressure ratings 10 Bar
and 16 Bar for potable water supply, irrigation or for any other under-pressure
system. The pressure ratings indicated are the continuous working pressures at
20°C temperature for portable water.

TABLE 5 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON SSA 14, DIN 8062

Nominal
Outside 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90 110 140 160 225 280 315
Diameter, mm

Class 4 (10 Bar)

Nominal wall - - 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.3 5.3 6.7 7.7 10.8 13.4 15.0
Thickness, mm

Class 5 (16 Bar)

Nominal Wall 1.2 1.5 1.9 2.4 3.0 3.7 4.7 5.6 6.7 8.2 10.4 11.9 16.7 20.8 23.4
Thickness, mm

Notes : 5.1 : Nominal Pressure and wall thickness are based on Cefficient “C” 2.5
5.2 : Colour : Grey
5.3 : Specify joint, Rubber seal or solvent weld when ordering.

EFFECT OF UPVC pipe is suitable for water application upto 60°C (140°F) and relationship between recommended
ELEVATED maximum working pressures and various temperatures for pipes to ISO and DIN Standards is given in
TEMPERATURE Table 6.

TABLE 6 : TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE RELATIONSHIP

Working (Operating) °C 20 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Temperature
°F 68 86 95 104 113 122 131 140

Derating Factors 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.64 0.44 0.33 0.26
Factor
Suitable at elevated temperature

TABLE 7 : COMPARISON OF PIPE CLASSIFICATION

SAPPCO CLASS Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5
ISO 161-1 Rating PN 4 PN 6 PN 10 PN 16

SSA 14 Class 2 3 4 5

DIN 8062 Series 2 3 4 5

ISO 4422 Series 20 16.7 10 6.3

EN 1452 Series - 16.7 10 6.3

SDR CLASSIFICATION SDR 51 SDR 34 SDR 21 SDR 13.5

Notes : 7.1 : Classification is according to different standards based on metric systems dimensions
7.2 : Comparison is in relation to design Coefficient of C = 2.5
7.3 : Standard Dimension Ratio “SDR” = Outside dia / wall thickness 9
 Pipes for Soil, Table 8 shows the range of UPVC pipes in two types - Type B and Type BD for soil,
Waste discharge waste discharge inside the buildings; Type BD is particularly suited for maximum
service life with intermittent domestic hot and cold water discharge for inside
within building buildings and buried within the building structure.
structure

TABLE 8 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON DIN EN 1329-1 and ISO 3633

Nominal size
DN / OD 32 40 50 63 75 82 90 110 125 140 160 200 250 315

Type : B
Nominal wall 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 - - -
Thickness, mm

Type : BD
Nominal Wall - - - - 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.5 4.0 4.9 6.2 7.7
Thickness, mm

NOTES : 8.1 : EN 1329-1 identical to BS EN 1329-1 and DIN EN 1329-1

8.2 : EN 1329-1 replaces DIN 19531, BS 4514
8.3 : Type “B” used for inside building
8.4 : Type “BD” used for inside building and buried in ground within building structure
8.5 : DN/OD : nominal size to outside diameter related.
8.6 : Colour : Grey

Pipe for Table 9 shows the range of UPVC pipes for below ground drainage and sewerage.
underground SDR 34 (SN 8) being suited for maximum service life for the area under and within
one meter from the building where pipes and fittings are buried in ground and are
Drainage and connected to the soil and waste discharge system and SDR 41 (SN 4) for the area
Sewerage more than one meter away from the building.

TABLE 9 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON DIN EN 1401-1 and ISO 4435

Nominal size
DN / OD 110 125 140 160 200 250 315 355 400 450 500 630 710

SDR 41 (SN 4)
Nominal Wall 3.2 3.2 3.5 4.0 4.9 6.2 7.7 8.7 9.8 11.0 12.3 15.4 17.4
Thickness, mm

SDR 34 (SN 8)
Nominal Wall 3.2 3.7 4.1 4.7 5.9 7.3 9.2 10.4 11.7 13.2 14.6 18.4 -
Thickness, mm

Notes : 9.1 : EN 1401-1 identical to BS EN 1401-1 and DIN EN 1401-1

9.2 : EN 1401-1 replaces DIN 19537, BS 4660, BS 5481
9.3 : SN, ring stiffness of pipes expressed in KN/m2
9.4 : Sizes greater than 400 mm are only manufactured on special request
9.5 : DN/OD nominal size to outside diameter related.
9.6 : Colour, Grey or Golden Brown.
10
Hot water Theoretically pipes and fittings made from UPVC are unsuitable for use
with very hot water and this is true for continuous flow at full bore.
drainage However, pioneering work carried out in Great Britain established design
criteria that became adopted into their national standards. From this
acceptance of UPVC drainage system, the Market grew until it now has far
greater sales and use than any other above ground system and is
rapidly following the same trend with below ground drains and sewers.
The design criteria was verified and tested by development of a Hot &
Cold Cycle Test and its principles have been adopted by many other
National Standards Organisations, ISO, Government and Private Test
Establishments.

The work carried out on UPVC drainage pipe work produced the following
design criteria:

1. UPVC has natural insulating properties.

2. Each increment of wall thickness has its own insulating value thus the
thicker the pipe the less transfer of heat through the wall thickness. So
constant water flowing at 90°C will only produce a surface temperature
of 60°C on the outside surface of a pipe with wall thickness 3.2 mm
(See Fig. 2).

3. A discharge of short period for about 20-30 minutes will be necessary

for the above transfer of heat to occur.

4. The softening point of UPVC plays an important role in the above

situation.

Although the temperature of the inside wall of the pipe has exceeded the
softening point, the external surface temperature is well below. Thus the
pipe and fittings remain rigid and able to resist loadings imposed by
expansion, contraction and soil pressures in the case of buried drains.
Also, normal discharges, from the most powerful washing machines and
domestic appliances will not harm UPVC Drainage Systems.

Similar tests have been devised for below ground applications, but using a
lower discharge temperature to ensure that below ground drainage also
meets the same service life expectancy.

Fig 2
Surface Temperature due
to discharge of hot water
The Combination of generous wall thickness
and high softening point provides safe limits
for maximum service life.

External Surface,
temperature not
exceeding 60°C.

11
 Electrical and Table 10 shows the UPVC pipes of different gauges - medium and
Telecommunication heavy gauge - for use as electrical and telecommunication conduits.
For consideration of pipes of other dimensions our Technical Sales
Cable Conduit Department may be consulted.

TABLE 10 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON SSA 255 AND BS6099 : 2-2

Nominal outside diameter, mm 16 20 25 32 38 40 50

Medium Gauge (MG)

1.5 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.8
Nominal wall thickness, mm

Heavy Gauge (HG)

1.9 2.1 2.2 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.4
Nominal wall thickness, mm

NOTES : 10.1 : SSA 255 Specifies medium gauge pipes upto 32mm
10.2 : Nominal outside diameter 38 mm is customers specified
10.3 : Colour; Grey or black, other colors on request
10.4 : Specify class like MG or HG of Conduit while ordering

Cable duct pipes for Table 11 shows the range of UPVC pipes for use as underground electrical and
Telecommunications telecommunication cable ducts including those passing underneath the
roads-direct buried (DB) or encasement buried (EB). For consideration of pipes of
and Electrical Power other dimensions our Technical Sales Department may be consulted.
Systems

TABLE 11 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON DIN 16873, 16875, SSA 14

Nominal
Outside 50 63 75 90 110* 125 140 160* 200 225
Diameter, mm

Class : EB
Nominal Wall 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.7 3.2* 3.7 4.1 4.7* 5.9 6.6
Thickness, mm

Class : DB
Nominal wall 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.3 5.3* 6.0 6.7 7.7* 9.6 10.8
Thickness, mm

NOTES : 11.1 : *Pipe conform to SEC specification 23 - SMSS -1

and Saudi Telephone (MOPTT) Specification MAT - ST 2201
11.2 : Specify Class EB or DB while ordering
11.3 : Specify the pipe joint while ordering
11.4 : Colour, Grey or Black
11.5 : Conduits and Ducts to American Standards, please refer to our catalogue “Publication P7”.
12
SAPPCO UPVC European standards (EN) replace the

to British following British Standard and EN are having

standards for confirmed status of British standards as BS

various EN identification, relevant EN standards are

Applications identical to BS EN standard.

Our valued customers are requested to note

the following facts:

1: BS 4660 replaced by BS EN 1401-1

2: BS 5481 replaced by BS EN 1401-1

Note B1 : For pipe dimensions please

refer to table 9 on page 10

3 : BS 4514 replaced by BS EN 1329-1

Note B2 : For pipe dimensions please

refer to table 8 on page 10

For any further inquiry please consult our

technical sales Department.

13
 Pipe Lengths and SAPPCO pipes are available in nominal total standard lengths of 6
Joints meters. Other lengths can be supplied by arrangement.

SAPPCO pipes are supplied with various joint systems.

1 : Plain End / Chamfered end. (Fig. 4a)

Plain Ended (P/E) pipe for use with separate Couplings; Ring Seal,
Solvent (Adhesive) Weld or Special Fittings. Pipe can also be
supplied with both ends chamfered (D/C) if requested, in lengths of
Fig 4a 6 metres.
(a) Plain End/Chamfered End

2 : Plain Solvent Weld joint (Fig. 4b)

Plain socket (P/S) Solvent Weld Joints. Pipes are supplied with an
integral plain socket preformed in our factory. They are jointed
using the recommended solvent adhesive supplied by SAPPCO
Fig 4b and using the techniques specified on Page 16, 17 and 18.
(b) Plain Socket Solvent Weld Joint
3 : Rubber ring seal joint (Fig. 4c)
Rubber ring joints (R/J). Pipes are supplied with integral grooved
socket at one end incorporating elastomeric sealing ring. SAPPCO
manufacture the world wide known Anger joint system, the Anger
joint sockets are made with locally wall thickened pipe. In these
joints, the rubber ring seal is so designed that the sealing power
Fig 4c increases with the rise in internal pressure in the pipeline. For
(c) Anger Joint jointing procedure refer to page 18.

Couplings
Fig 5a

1 : Coupling with / without register

Couplings with double ring seals or solvent weld joints are supplied
by SAPPCO for jointing plain ended pipes or when pipes are cut
and jointed to required length. These couplings may either be with
register or without register, the latter type being used for repair or
alteration work in the existing lines. For specific diamensions refer
to page 34, Table 16.
Fig 5b

2 : Special adaptor Coupling

A range of special adaptor couplings are available for connecting
UPVC pipe of different standards (e.g. 6” ASTM or BS UPVC pipe to
160mm O.D., SSA or DIN UPVC Pipe).

3 : Flange Adaptor Socketed

Flange holes drilled according to customer’s requirements

14
Handling and Unplasticised PVC pipes are strong but light, their specific gravity being
Storage approximately one-fifth of Cast Iron. As a result, these pipes are more
easily handled than their metal counterparts. Reasonable care, however,
should be used at all times, and when off loading, pipes should be
Fig 6 lowered, not dropped to the ground.

Pipes should be given adequate support at all times. Pipes should not be
stacked in large piles, especially in warm temperature conditions, as the
lower layers may distort; resulting in difficulties in jointing and pipe
alignment. Any pipe with ends prepared for jointing (socket and spigot
joints, ‘A’ joints, etc) should be stacked in layers with sockets placed at
alternate ends of the stack and with the sockets protruding to avoid
unstable stacks and the possibility of imparting a permanent set to the
pipes.

For long-term storage, pipe racks should provide continuous support, but
if this is not possible, timber of at least 3in. (75mm) bearing width at
spacings not greater than 3ft. (915mm) centres for pipe sizes 160mm and
above, should be placed beneath the pipes and at 6ft. (1.8m) centres at
the side, if the stacks are rectangular. These spacings apply to pipe size
160mm and above. Closer supports will be required for sizes below
160mm. In such pipe racks, pipes may be stored not more than seven
layers, or 6ft. (1.8m) high, whichever is the lesser, but if different classes
of pipe are kept in the same racks, then the thickest classes of largest
diameter must always be placed at the bottom.

For temporary storage in the field, where racks are not provided, the
ground should be level and free from loose stones. Pipes stored thus
should not exceed three layers high and should be stacked to prevent
movement.

Stack heights should be reduced if pipes are nested, i.e. pipes stored
inside pipes of larger diameters. Reductions in height should be
proportional to the weight of the nested pipe compared to the weight of the
pipes normally contained in such stowages.

UPVC pipes should always be stored in the shade to avoid ultra-violet

(U/V) degradation from the sun’s rays. Effect of UV Light refer to page 30
of this catalogue.

Since the soundness of any joint depends on the condition of the spigot
and the socket, special care must be taken in transit, handling and storage
to avoid damage to the ends.

When loading pipes on the vehicles, care must be taken to avoid their
coming into contact with any sharp corners such as cope irons, loose
nail-heads, etc., as pipes may be damaged by being rubbed against these
during transit. Whilst in transit, pipes shall be well secured over their entire
length and not allowed to project unsecured over the tailboard of the lorry.
Pipes may be off-loaded from lorries by rolling them gently down timbers,
care being take to ensure that pipes do not fall one upon another, nor on
to any hard or uneven surfaces.

15
 Site work
Fig 7a
Instructions

Cutting and Chamfering

Pipe should be cut square. A simple method of cutting pipes square is to

wrap newspaper or similar sheet paper around the pipe with no overlap
of the edges. Mark line around pipe (felt pen is ideal). Cut to line with
a fine toothed saw.

Fig 7b

Pipe ends should be chamfered at an angle of approximately 15°C to

about 1/3 of the wall thickness with a coarse file, Surform tool or
chamfering tool.

Solvent Weld Fig 8

Joints

Jointing procedure Pipes up to 75mm may be jointed easily with solvent adhesives. Larger
sizes required more special techniques and require two men to make
such joints.

1. Mark depth of entry of the pipe into the socket and alignment mark.

2. Make small chamfer on the edge of the pipe end with medium file.

16
 3 . Roughen the outside of the pipe and the inside of the socket using
sandpaper or emery cloth upto the entry mark.

4 . Clean both surfaces and remove all dust, grease and swarf using a dry
clean cloth and cleaner.

5. Stir solvent adhesive thoroughly. Use proper solvent adhesive.

6. Apply adhesive without delay after cleaning, using a flat clean and
proper brush. Apply an even unbroken layer brushing axially to the pipe
end and socket mouth with a heavier layer on the pipe. Where loose fits
are found, the pipe should be given a second coat.

7. Immediately insert the pipe into the socket up to the entry mark, align
pipe and socket. Hold in position for a few seconds, then wipe off excess
cement.

8 . Solvent Weld Jointing of large diameter pipe requires special care. Use
sufficient hand power to maintain proper alignment and to bottom pipe in
socket / fitting.

9. Always replace the lid of the can after making a joint and follow the
instructions on the can observing any warnings.

10. Always use the Solvent adhesive supplied and approved by SAPPCO
or APLACO. TEST CONTENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH
INSTRUCTIONS ON EACH CAN.

11. Joints should not be moved or disturbed for initial set time depending
on size. Then the jointed pipe may be handled with care. Allow 4 hours if
the jointed pipe lengths are to be laid in a trench.
CAUTION
Cleaner and cements are extremely 12. Allow 8 hours to elapse before applying working pressure or 24 hours
flammable and must not be stored or for test pressures. With pipe sizes up to 50mm it is possible to reduce this
used near heat or open flame. Read time. Allow 1 hour for each 3.5 atmospheres of pressure.
all warnings on cleaner and cement
cans.
NOTE : All solvent-welded PVC pipeline systems 13. Read the precautions for “Solven Weld Joints” on page18.
should be filled and/or flushed with water
immediately after installation and curing to
remove all flammable cement vapors.
Failure to flush a new line leaves a
dangerous potential for inadvertment
ignition of any residual cement vapors.

17
 Brushes must be clean and dry before commencing solvent welding.
Precautions in Brushes must be thoroughly cleaned after use by washing out in
making Solvent weld joints cleaning fluid.

Do not dilute solvent adhesive with cleaning fluid.

Use Solvent adhesive and cleaning fluid in a well ventilated area. Keep
away from naked flames and do not smoke. Always replace lids of
containers, in any event, attention is drawn to the instructions printed on
the containers.

When laying continuous runs of pipe, joints may be made quicker than
the setting times advised above. The joint will not be disturbed with long
lengths, providing that the pipe is not twisted or the previously made
joint lifted out of place.

Ring Seal Ensure that the spigot and socket are free from dust, grit, grease and as
dry as possible.
Joints
Insert pipe into the socket without seal ring in place and mark pipe when
it is fully inserted.

Place seal in groove of socket ensuring that seal is correct way round.
Rubber seal rings should be fitted with tapered section facing the
outside of the socket.

Apply jointing lubricant to the chamfer and the end of the spigot of the
pipe or fitting only.

Push the pipe firmly into the socket up to the insertion mark previously
made. If an expansion gap is required the pipe is then pulled back by
the desired amount. See Fig. 13 on page 21.

Fig 9

Rubber seal joint

Jointing Clamps may be used for ease of assembly. The Clamps are
Jointing Clamps available in two sizes, one for pipes 90mm to 160mm O.D. and the other
for 225mm to 315 mm O.D. (See Fig. 10).

Fig 10

18
Above Ground
Installation
Ring seal joints should not be used on above ground installations unless
Pressure Installations
all the joints are anchored against end thrust.

UPVC Pipelines must be protected from direct sunlight and external heat,
Protection of Pipelines
Please refer to page 30 “Effect of UV light”

Where plastic pipelines incorporate metal valves or other heavy fittings it

Support of Fittings. is essential to support the valve directly rather than allow their weight to be
Heavy Valves etc. carried by the plastic pipe.

For the same reason it is usually advisable to fix pipe supports on either

side of flanged connections.

For light duty and small pipe sizes, plastic pipe support brackets are
Pipe Bracket
suitable. For heavier duty installations, matching formed metal pipe
Support supports should be used with cork or P.E. liner for fixed points.

Plastic pipelines need to be supported at specific intervals. These intervals

Pipe Bracket will depend on the specific gravity of the material being conveyed, the
Spacing temperatures of the liquid and the environment and the pipe wall thickness
and type of plastic used. Some deflection may be allowed between
brackets and at changes of direction. The average deflection between
centres should be up to maximum of 2.5mm.

TABLE 12
Pipe bracket spacing in the case of fluids with specific gravity = 1 as well
as for gases.

Fig 11 UPVC Pipes d Pipe support centres L in CM at:—

mm 20°C 30°C 40°C 50°C
Class 16 75 60 40 Continuous
4 and 5 10 85 70 50 Continuous
25 90 75 55 45
32 100 85 65 50
40 110 100 80 60
50 125 115 95 70
63 140 130 110 85
Class 75 150 140 120 95
3 should 90 165 155 135 105
be 110 185 175 155 120
reduced 140 215 205 185 160
by 10% 160 225 215 200 170
200 240 225 215 185
Examples of continuous support. 225 250 240 225 200
Class 250 260 250 240 205
5 may 280 270 260 250 215
be 315 280 270 260 225
increased 355 290 275 265 230
by 10% 400 300 280 270 235

For vertical installations, the above support distances may be increased

by 30% (Multiply the values given by 1.3)

For fluids with a specific gravity S.G. Factor

exceeding 1 multiply by the 1.25 0.90
factors shown 1.50 0.83
1.75 0.77
2.00 0.70 19
 Pipe Supports— Axial movement of the pipe line must not be prevented, loose brackets
or sliding points allow the pipe to move or slide as expansion or
Loose and Fixed contraction taken place.
Arrangements
Fig 12a

To ensure that this movement is controlled it is necessary to create fixed

points. Fixed points may be positioned at one end of a pipe run, at
bends or changes of direction or in the centre of a pipe run.

Fig 12b

A fixed point may be created in pipeline by solvent welding two split

collars on to the pipe. The collars should be positioned and clamped for
12 hours. Collars may be manufactured from pipe, a section of
approximately 1/3 of circumference removed.

Fig 12c

Fig 12d

20
Below Ground A. As with all pipe jointing, cleanliness is of prime importance, and
Installation pipes, specially spigot ends, should be supported clear of the ground
to prevent dirt being smeared on with the lubricant. Placing the pipes
General Notes on blocks also reduces friction and consequently facilitates the
making of the joint. THESE BLOCKS MUST BE REMOVED BEFORE
BACKFILLING, AND EVERY CARE MUST BE TAKEN TO ENSURE
THAT THE PIPE IS NOT BEDDED ON SUBMERGED ROCK.

B. The pipeline should be tested initially after a few joints (certainly

not more than 500 metres) to ensure that they have been made
correctly, and subsequently at convenient intervals, preferably not
exceeding 1000 metres.

C. All changes of direction must be anchored. (See Fig. 14b.)

Fig 13 Expansion Gap Concrete thrust blocks are suitable but the unit should only be
haunched and a flexible membrane interposed between the concrete
13 to 25mm and the unit, to protect it against damage by abrasion.

D. Before testing, the line must be backfilled leaving the joints

exposed. If the joints must be covered, it is useful to mark their
position.

E. The pipe should be marked so that the spigot enters the socket to
within 13 to 25mm of the bottom of the socket dimension. The depth
of chamfer should be one third the wall thickness.

F. Never cut the leg of a Ring Seal Joint bend. Some distortion of the
shape may occur during processing which might cause a leak.

G. If jointing above ground, observe the depth of entry after installation.

H. UPVC Pipes may be cold flexed to accommodate ground contours

and road curvatures in outside diameters up to 225mm. The bending
radius (R) should not be less than approximately 300 times the
outside diameter of the pipe (in mm). The cold bending and
supporting is illustrated in Fig. 14a, for standard pipe length of 6
metres.

Pipes larger than 225mm diameter should be regarded as rigid and

changes in direction should be accommodated by the use of special
bends of flexible couplings.

21
Cold flexing in
the trench TABLE 13
Outside Radius Elasticity
Diameter “R” “A” in 6m pipe
mm m m

63 18.9 0.94
75 22.5 0.80
Fig 14a 90 27.0 0.66
110 33.0 0.54
125 37.0 0.50
140 42.0 0.43
160 48.0 0.38
200 56.0 0.31
225 67.5 0.27
250 75.0 0.25
280 84.0 0.22
315 94.5 0.19
355 108.0 0.17
400 122.0 0.15

Stone free tampered soil in order to prevent the spigot from being
Support
angled in the socket when bending the pipe.

Laying It is very important when laying UPVC pipes for gravity drainage to
ensure that the pipe is laid in accordance with the recommendations
made on the following pages. These are extracted from the U.K.
Ministry of Housing and Local Government’s Working Party report on
the design and construction of underground sewers, but are equally
applicable to pressure pipes.

Excavation The trench should not be opened too far in advance of pipe laying and
should be backfilled as soon as possible. The width of the trench at
the crown of the pipe should be as narrow as practicable but not less
than the outside diameter of the pipe plus 300mm to allow proper
compaction of the sidefill, 225mm above the crown of the pipe, the
trench may be any convenient width. The inherent flexibility of UPVC
drainage pipe can be used to advantage but care must be taken to
ensure that the bed of the trench will support the pipeline adequately
so as to prevent localised loss of gradient or bridging. Projections
must be removed to avoid point loading of the pipe.

22
Typical arrangement of anchor blocks
used in conjunction with UPVC
pipe-work incorporating rubber ring
mechanial joints when buried.

Fig 14b

23
 Some soils, as excavated from the trench (such as free drainage
Material for Bedding
coarse sand, gravel, loam and soil of a friable nature) may be suitable
and Sidefilling for use as sidefill material, but they must be capable of being
compacted sufficiently to provide adequate support for the pipe (see
note following for test for suitability). Soils such as hard chalk which
break up when wet, and clay should not be used immediately around
the pipe for bedding, sidefill or backfill, unless a rotary type excavator
has been used. Should the material excavated form the trench be
unsuitable, then a backfill medium, which complies with U.K.B.R.S.
tests described at the end of this section must be used. Granular
material is very satisfactory as it requires little compaction once
placed, but any material which complies with the U.K.B.R.S
recommendations is suitable.

Bedding and With flexible pipes it is of great importance that the sidefill should be
very firmly compacted between the sides of the pipe and the soil sides
Slidefilling of the trench. Any trench sheeting should be partially withdrawn to
allow this to be done.

Before backfilling, any levelling pegs or temporary packing should be

removed. The thickness of the bedding under the barrel of the pipe
should be not less than 1/3 of the diameter, and a minimum of 100mm
thick. In very soft or wet conditions, or where the bottom of the trench
is very irregular, this thickness should be increased as necessary to
give a suitable bed.

The bedding should be thoroughly compacted in layers not more than

150mm thick to give a uniform bed, true to gradient, on which the pipe
may be laid. Pipes should be laid directly on this bedding. Bricks or
other hard materials must not be placed under the pipes for
temporary support. Further bedding material should be placed
around the pipe and be thoroughly compacted in 75mm layers by
careful tamping up to the crown of the pipe, eliminating all cavities
under the two lower quadrants of the pipe.

The same material should then be placed over the crown of the pipe
for not less than 2/3 or the diameter, with a minimum height of 100 mm
and a maximum of 300 mm and be thoroughly compacted. The
Process of filling and tamping should proceed equally on either side
of the pipe, so as to maintain an equal pressure on both sides.

Normal filling of the trench should then proceed in layers not

Backfilling exceeding 300mm in thickness, each layer being well rammed.
Heavy mechanical rammers should not be used until the fill has
reached a depth of 300mm above the top of the pipe. Special
consideration and selection of back filling material will be necessary if
the risk of surface subsidence is an important consideration, for
example under roads.

24
Examples of Trench
preparation and
Backfilling

Fig 15a
Trench Preparation

Fig 15b
Compacting Layers of Backfill –
(Even tamping in 75mm layers up
to top of clean cut trench.)

Fig 15c
Normal Filling — (Layers of 300mm
tamped by non-mechanical
rammers), Until over 300mm from
level has been reached.

When pipe lines are layed in hot climatic conditions it is

advisable to fill the pipe with cold water to bring the pipe lengths to normal
contracted dimension. Check the joints in the case of dry jointed or ring seal
joints to ensure that socket insertion depth is satisfactory.

25
Special Cases For special cases of unstable ground and areas of mining subsidence
where “draw” of the joints may be expected, telescopic joints should be
used throughout the line, though most flexible pipes are capable of
following any ground movement of normal degree without fracture of
failure.

Maximum Allowable For the necessary reaction from the sidefill to develop, it is necessary for
some deformation or ovality of the pipe to take place. Until more is
Deformation known on the subject, the United Kingdom Building Research Station
consider that the maximum acceptable decrease in vertical diameter is
5%, because above this figure there is a risk of blockage, leakage from
joints or collapse of the pipes.

(a) PARTICLE SIZE

Test for the suitability The maximum particle size should generally not exceed 20mm. The
of Soil Material for presence of an occasional particle between 20mm and 40mm is
acceptable provided the total quantity of such particles is only a very
surrounding Flexible small fraction of the whole. If particles over 40mm are present the
Sewer and Drain Pipes material should be rejected. In cases of doubt, a weighed
laid Underground representative* sample of material - about 2kg - should be sieved** using
20mm and 40mm sieves. If any particles are retained on the 40mm
sieve, the material is not acceptable unless it is first screened so as to
comply with this requirement.

Fig. 16
(b) EASE OF COMPACTION - Apparatus required.

1. Open-ended cylinder 250mm long and 150mm ± 6mm internal

diameter, (160mm Class 3 Sappco UPVC pipe is suitable).

2. Metal rammer with striking 40mm diameter and weighing 1 to 1.25 kg.

3. Rule.

Obtain a representative sample more than sufficient to fill the cylinder

(about 11.5kg) it is important that the moisture content of the sample
should not differ materially from that of the trench. Place the cylinder on
a firm flat surface and gently pour the sample material into it, loosely and
without tamping. Strike off the top surface level with the top of the
cylinder and remove all surplus spilled material. Lift the cylinder up clear
of its contents and place on a fresh area of flat surface. Place about 1/4
of the material back in the cylinder and tamp vigorously until no further
compaction can be obtained. Repeat with the second quarter, tamping
as before, and so on for the third and fourth quarters, tamping the final
surface as level as possible.

Measure down from the top of the cylinder to the surface of the
compacted material. This distance in mms divided by the height of the
cylinder (250mm) is referred to as the Compaction Fraction.

26
Notes U.K. Ministry of Housing and Local Government Working Party of the
Design and Construction of Underground Sewers’ first interim report.
H.M.S.O. 1966.

* To obtain a representative sample, about 50kg of the material should be

heaped on a clean surface and divided with the spade down the middle
into two halves. One of these should then be similarly divided and so on,
until the required weight of sample is left.

** In the sieving, clumps of material that break up under light finger

pressure may be helped through the sieve, but considerable force must
not be used to squeeze oversize clumps through the mesh.

Compaction Fraction — 0.1 or less (25mm) — Material suitable

0.1 or 0.3 (25mm to — Material suitable but requires extra care
Suitability for use
75mm) in compaction. Not suitable if the pipe is
subject to waterlogged conditions after laying.
Over 0.3 (75mm) — Material unsuitable.

Maximum and Whether under roads and verges or in open country, UPVC pipes may be
buried with a maximum cover depth of 6.1 metres.
minimum cover
depths However, a minimum cover depth of 1.2 metres should be allowed when
pipes are installed under roads. Tests have shown that traffic loads
(wheel loads) do not affect pipes with this amount of cover depth
provided they are properly installed and back-filled. At depths less than
1.2 metres, special consideration should be given to all the engineering
factors involved, such as class of road, its construction and the position
of other services. Under these circumstances, concrete may be used as
a protecting raft above the pipeline, provided a cushion of fill is laid
between the pipe crown and the raft.

In open country, where top loading is unlikely to occur, pipes may be laid
with a minimum cover depth of 0.45 metres without any protection. At
depths less than 0.45 metres, elsewhere than under roads, concrete
slabs on a cushion of fill materials above the pipe should be used as a
protection against picks, gardening implements, etc.

Fig 17

27
Soil Loading Because UPVC pipes are an inherently flexible material, results obtained
from a crushing test such as that carried out on conventional rigid
(non Pressure) materials give figures that in no way relate to the performance of the pipe
under trench conditions. A rigid material such as cast iron, cement
asbestos or salt glazed pipe, when subjected to a compressive load will
show virtually no sign of deformation. it is possible to increase the load
until a point is reached where the pipe will fail without further noticeable
deformation. Similar tests carried out on UPVC pipes cause deformation
at a relatively low load. Any increase in the load causes the pipe to be
considerably deformed although removal of the load allows the pipe to
return almost to its original shape. To get a true picture of UPVC
drainage pipe performance, tests have been devised by the U.K.
Agreement board, the U.K Building Research Station and The British
Plastics Federation, to simulate ground conditions. All tests are
conducted on the basis that 5% is the maximum allowable deformation.

110mm and 160mm domestic drainage pipes are subjected to a

maximum temperature of 86°C for short periods. They are therefore
subjected to hot and cold water discharges over 2,500 cycles to
represent statistically a 50-year usage. During the cycling period a load
of 8,000 Ibs per square foot (3628.7kg per .092sqm) is applied to the pipe
backfill approximately 2 ft. (.609m) above the crown of the pipe. Pipes
above 160mm diameter are not subject to such a high elevated
temperature. Tests on larger diameter pipes have therefore been
conducted assuming continuous discharge at lower temperatures. Once
again a static load is applied continuously and on pipe sizes above
160mm is 9000 Ibs (4082.3 Kg) for 200mm and 250mm, and 315mm
10,000 Ibs (4535.9 Kg).

In the design of pipe the U.K. Ministry of Housing and Local Government
Working Party has recommended that pipes laid under fields, etc., should
be designed to support two wheeled loads each of 7,000 Ibs. (3175.1 Kg)
each, spaced 3 ft. (.914m) apart, with an impact factor of 2 in addition to
the weight of the backfill. For pipes laid under roads carrying traffic, the
two wheel loads should be 16,000 Ibs. (7257.4 Kg) each, spaced 3 ft.
(.914m) apart, with an impact factor of 1.5. The effect of surface loading
diminishes with depth and theory indicates that for a 110mm pipe at 3 ft.
(.914m) a static load of 2 by 16,000 Ibs (7257.4 Kg) would produce only
slightly more effect than that of 2 by 7,000 Ibs. at 2 ft. (3175.1 Kg at
.609m). Also, it is the proportion of the pipe vertically below one wheel
that is mainly affected. The contributory effect of the second wheel 3 ft.
(.914m) away adds only 5% extra at 3 ft. (.914m) and 10% extra at 2 ft.
(.609m). The effect of increasing pipe diameter increases the projected
area of the pipe subjected to load to a maximum of 10,000 Ibs. (4535.9
Kg.) Therefore on 110mm pipe the load is 8,000 Ibs. (3628.7 Kg), 160mm
pipe 8,000 Ibs. (3628.7 Kg) and above this size as quoted above. These
tests are designed to simulate the worst possible operating conditions
but notwithstanding this, the maximum deformation of 5% is still not
exceeded. Work is continuing in this field both on a practical and
theoretical basis by the plastics industry as a whole, with a view to giving
engineers further information on the design aspects of UPVC drainage
28 pipe.
Hydraulic Testing The pressure testing of pipeline shall be conducted with water at interval
of Pipeline initially not exceeding 500 meters and subsequently not exceeding 1000
meters. Pipe should be adequately anchored to prevent movement. The
joint and the pipeline should be slowly filled with clean water taking care
to prevent surge and air entrapement. All entrapped air must be purged
from the line before applying pressure. All air release valves should be
installed at high points and a further precaution against air entrapement
is to pass a foam swab through the pipe line. The passage of foam swab
will additionally clean the line of any debris left in the line during laying.

The temperature of test water should be preferably maximum 23°C.

When testing above 23°C please use safety factor given in Table 6 of
page 9 in this catalogue.

The test pressure and duration shall meet the requirements of local
regulations where applicable.

The line should be pressurised to 1.5 times of the System Design

Operating Pressure but not less than 15 psi nor in excess of the pressure
rating for pipe or appurtenances. Measure the pressure at the lowest
elevation possible.

The duration of pressurization shall be preferably 1 hour but not to

exceed 3 hours.

All visible leaks or any leak in excess of the permitted variation should be
repaired and the pipeline retested following the same procedure.

Important Notes 1. Pipeline systems should be constructed to avoid excessive water

hammer / surge pressure. (see details on page 30)
2. Air must be purged from pipelines before applying pressure
3. Joint must be covered and protected from heat and UV resistance,
particularly in the mid day time.
4. Allow 24 hours for line test pressure with pipe sizes upto 50mm it is
possible to reduce the time or 8 hours to elapse before working
pressure.
5. PVC Non-pressure pipelines installed are tested to low pressures for
a specific period of time (leakage tests).
6. In hot weather pressure test in early morning is recommended.

WARNING
• NEVER use compressed air or gas in PVC
pipeline.
• NEVER test PVC pipe and fittings with
compressed air or gas.
• ONLY use PVC pipe for water and approved
chemicals.
Use of compressed air or gas in PVC pipe and fittings
can result in explosive failures and cause severe
injury or death.

29
Water Hammer Surge pressures due to water hammer should be considered when
designing a piping system. A momentary pressure rise occurs when
Considerations liquid is started and stopped quickly, and is caused by the momentum of
fluid. Pressure rise increases with the velocity of the liquid, the length of
the piping system from the fluid source, or with an increase in the speed
of starting or stopping. For example hydraulic shock occurs when valves
are opened or closed quickly, or pumps are started with an empty
pipeline.
Proper design when laying out a piping system will eliminate the
possibility of hydraulic shock damage. The following suggestions shall
help to avoid the problems:
1. In any piping system, including thermoplastic, a fluid velocity not
exceeding 1.52m/sec. will minimize hydraulic shock effects, even with
quick-closing valves.
2. Using actuated valves with a specific closing time will reduce the
possibility of inadvertent opening or closing of a valve too quickly. With
pneumatic and air-spring actuators, it may be necessary to place a valve
in the air line to slow down the valve operation cycle.
3. Evaluate flow at pump start-up and during shut down. Also determine
how much air, if any, is introduced during pump start-up.
4. If possible, when starting a pump, partially close the valve in the
discharge line to minimize the volume of liquid that is rapidly accelerated
through the system. Once the pump is up to speed and the line
completely full, the valve may be opened.
5. Use surge control devices and standpipes wisely to give flow storage
during surge. Check valves can be used near pumps to help keep lines full.
6. Use properly sized vacuum breaker-air relief valves to control the
amount of air that is admitted or exhausted throughout the system.
For any further assistance do not hesitate to contact our Technical Sales
Department.

UPVC pipeline systems when continuously exposed to ultraviolet (UV)

Effects of radiation from sunlight, PVC pipe can suffer surface discoloration. This
Ultra-Violet (UV) Light is commonly termed “UV degradation or sunburning,” colour change to
brown due to UV attack.
1. UV degradation or sunburning affects PVC when energy from the UV
radiation causes excitation of the molecular bonds in the PVC. The
resulting reaction occurs only on the exposed surface of the pipe and to
extremely shallow depths of 0.025 to 0.076 mm. Degradation does not
continue when exposure to sunlight is terminated. The study found that
exposure to UV radiation results in a change in the pipe’s surface color
and a reduction in impact strength. Other properties are not adversely
affected.
2. The most common method used to protect above-ground PVC pipe
from the sun is painting with a latex (Water-based) paint. Preparation of
the surface to be painted is very important. The pipe should be cleaned
to remove moisture, dirt and oil, and then wiped with a clean, dry cloth.
Petroleum-based solvents and paints should not be used, since the
presence of petroleum will prevent proper bonding of paint to pipe.
3. The color of the paint is of no particular importance. However, white
color is recommended as it helps to reflect the sunlight.
4. Burial of PVC pipe provides complete protection
5. Pipe should be stored in the shade.
30
Ordering To place an order, the following details should be provided for correct
Details delivery of the material. Examples given below will clarify the order
requirements.

O.D. of the
Description Class of pipe Type of joint
required pipe
Pipe 20 5 P/E
Pipe 225 5 D/C
Pipe 40 4 P/S
Pipe 90 5 R/J
Pipe 110 3 P/S
Pipe 160 5 R/J
Pipe 160 5 R/J
Pipe 280 5 R/J
Pipe 75 B R/J
Pipe 110 BD PS
Pipe 160 BD R/J
Pipe 110 SDR 34 AJ
Pipe 140 SDR 34 PS
Pipe 250 SDR 41 AJ
Pipe 400 SDR 34 LRJ
Pipe 25 MG P/E
Pipe 40 HG P/E
Pipe 63 DB PS
Pipe 110 DB PS
Pipe 160 EB PS
Coupling 90 4 R/J
Coupling 160 2 P/S
Bend 90° 50 3 P/S
Bend 22 1/2° 225 5 R/J

Abbreviations SSA : (previously SAS) Saudi Arabian Standard Organization

DIN : Deutches Institute für Normung (German)
EN : European Norms (Standards)
ISO : International Organization for Standardization
SN : Nominal Ring Stiffness
SDR : Standard Dimension Ratio
PN : Pressure Nominal
EB : Encased buried in concrete
DB : Direct buried
OD : Outside diameter
MG : Medium Gauge
HG : Heavy Gauge
P/E : Plain Ended Pipe
D/C : Double Chamfered Pipe
P/S : Plain / Parallel Socket
R/J : Rubber Joint
B/BD : Application area codes

31
Fabricated
Drawn Radius Bends
(Solvent Weld Joint)
TABLE 14 :
Drawn Radius Bends are produced from Pipe Radius 11 1/4° 22 1/2° 45° 90°
normal wall thickness pipe. O.D. mm mm L.mm L.mm L.mm L.mm
16 56 100 115 126 170
Fig. 18a

20 70 100 115 135 170

25 88 100 115 145 180

32 112 100 115 150 190

40 140 110 125 170 220

50 175 175 180 225 350

63 221 240 260 300 420

Single Socket
or Double Socket
to be specified. 75 263 260 285 350 470

90 315 350 390 480 600

Fig. 18b

110 385 370 400 500 690

140 490 390 410 570 760

160 560 400 420 600 1000

200 712 480 540 760 1150

225 788 590 610 840 1240

Dimensions stated above are indicative. Detailed specification for

Single Socket
or Double socket design purposes should be obtained from our Technical Sales
to be specified. Department. Bends for sizes 250mm and above with solvent weld joint
consult our Sales Department.

32
Fabricated
Drawn Radius Bends
(Rubber Seal Ring Joint)
TABLE 15 :
Drawn Radius Bends are produced Pipe Radius 11 1/4° 22 1/2° 45° 90°
from Thickened pipe. O.D. mm mm L.mm L.mm L.mm L.mm
63 221 240
Fig. 19a ” ” 260
” ” 300
” ” 420
75 263 260
” ” 285
” ” 350
” ” 470
90 315 350
” ” 390
” ” 480
” ” 600
110 385 370
” ” 400
” ” 500
” ” 600
140 490 390
” ” 410
” ” 570
” ” 760
160 560 400
” ” 420
” ” 600
” ” 1000
200 712 480
” ” 540
Fig. 19b ” ” 760
” ” 1150
225 788 590
” ” 610
” ” 840
” ” 1240
250 852 680
” ” 730
” ” 850
” ” 1350
280 980 700
” ” 830
” ” 1040
” ” 1610
315 1103 810
” ” 910
” ” 1050
” ” 1690

Note : Bends of other Angles or radius to special order.

Dimensions stated above are indicative. Detailed specification for

design purpose should be obtained from our Technical
Sales Department.
33
Fabricated
Couplings
TABLE 16 :
Dimensions for Couplings
Fig. 20a R/J Coupling P/S Coupling
Pipe
O.D. mm L.mm D.mm T.mm L.mm T.mm

16 56 25

20 58 27

25 66 30

32 74 34

40 94 39
Fig. 20b
50 96 45

63 240 90 100 126 53

75 250 105 103 140 60

90 270 125 111 160 69

110 290 150 116 185 81

140 330 192 125 230 99

Fig. 20c
160 350 211 135 250 111

200 375 247 144 300 135

225 430 290 154 360 150

250 445 310 162 380 165

280 495 360 172 425 183

315 545 403 185 478 204

Fig. 20d
355 568 434 194 520 224

400 612 485 205 570 246

Dimensions stated above are indicative, Detailed specification for

design purposes should be obtained from our Technical Sales
Department.

34
Cement and Quantities of solvent cement and cleaner required for solvent
Cleaner cement jointing of UPVC pipes

Table 17 lists the approximate quantity of cleaner and solvent

cement needed to make solvent weld joints. SAPPCO
recommended solvent cement is available in 1.0 Kg tins.
The cleaner is available in one litre tins.

TABLE 17 : Quantity of Solvent Cement and Cleaner to make joints

Pipe diameter, mm 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90 110 125 140 160 200 225

Quantity for Cleaner, Liters 0.09 0.18 0.30 0.50 0.70 0.90 1.10 1.30 1.40 1.70 1.90 2.10 2.50 4.50 4.50

100 joints Cement, Liters 0.25 0.40 0.55 0.80 1.10 1.50 1.70 2.20 4.00 8.00 10.50 13.00 19.00 26.00 26.00

No. of joints / Tin Size, Liters 432 260 185 125 90 60 58 45 25 12 9 7 5 4 3

NOTE 17.1 : Solvent Cement Conform to ASTM D2564 or BS 4346-3 or equal

17.2 : Check date of expiry on the Can
17.3 : All Values stated are indicative

Spare Rubber SAPPCO - DAMMAM supply rubber seal rings conforming to any
Seal Rings one of the standards ISO 4633, BS 2494 or ASTM F477
(Elastomeric seals) SAPPCO - DAMMAM supplied rubber seal rings are suitable for
use with drinking water.

TABLE 18 : Rubber Seal Rings Systems for SAPPCO pipe

System 3S Ring KW Ring Locking Ring Lens Ring

for A/J for A/J for Lock R/J for LR/J

Figure

Pipe size 63-500 mm 63-500 mm 355 mm 400 mm

NOTES 18.1 : SAPPCO - DAMMAM reserves the right to supply 3S rubber seal ring or KW rubber seal
ring for Anger joint (A/J) System.
18.2 : Rubber Seal ring must be protected from direct sunshine on job site.

Lubricant SAPPCO Supplied Lubricant has been specially formulated for use on PVC pipes
to facilitate the positioning of the Rubber Seal Rings joints. It is specially suitable
for use on drinking (potable) water and meets the health regulations.
Oil must not be used as lubricant.
SAPPCO
LUBRICANT
Read the directions for use on the can.

35
Major Project used 1) Ministry of P.T.T. Saulitel Com. Various Project
SAPPCO UPVC pipe
2) Ministry of Water & Electricity

3) Ministry of Education Project

4) Ministry of Saudi Aramco Project

5) Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu

6) Sceco Project

7) King Abdullah City

8) King Abdulla University

9) Holding Hole in Alhasa and Hafr Al Baten

10) Sara Housing Project in Azizyah

11) King Fahd Causeway to Bahrain

12) Saudi Cement Expansion Plant in Al-Hasa

13) Doha International Airport Doha - Qatar

14) Water and Sewage Dept. WSD - Sana’s - Yemen

15) Adnoc - Abu Dhabi - UAE

16) Ministry of Health Hospital Projects

36
Quality Management SAPPCO DAMMAM FACTORY has established and applies a
System (QMS) upgraded Quality Management System (QMS) and is certified in
accordance with ISO 9001 the highest standard of quality system and
excellence.

Our products meet the requirements of the relevant national and

international standards.

SAPPCO control the entire manufacturing process from raw material to

pipe and fabricated fittings.

Routine testing of all pipes produced at our factory is carried out as laid
down in the relevant Standards in our well equipped laboratory.
Inspection of pipes produced on each machine is carried out “round the
clock” to make sure that exact standard pipe is delivered to our
customers.

Periodically, SAPPCO - DAMMAM pipes are audit tested and evaluated

by world renowned and accredited Test Centres as indicated below.

Customer SAPPCO’s most important objective “Customer Satisfaction” is

Satisfaction achieved with the comprehensive provision of high-quality products and
services. As a leader in the plastic pipe industry.

SAPPCO DAMMAM FACTORY :

• Continually develope/manufacture new products.
• Modernize manufacturing extrusion system equipments.
• The quality management system (QMS) is characterized by a certified
and upgraded QMS to ISO 9001:2008
• In addition, our well experienced staff offers extensive industry
knowledge and field experience with thermoplastic piping products to
the customers.
• Continuous evaluation and improvement of the process.
• Customer satisfaction is SAPPCO’s top objective.

Our experience gained over the last 30 years is

at the disposal of the customers.

SAPPCO AND QUALITY RUN TOGETHER

37
 Key facts you should know about SAPPCO UPVC pipe SAP
Bran
C.R.
It’s costing less. While the cost of almost It’s easy to handle Because of it’s light
everything else has been going up, the cost of weight and lack of fragility. It needs fewer
UPVC pipe has been decreasing. men to handle it quicker.

It has a smooth bore SAPPCO UPVC

Which means better pipe is suitable
flow characteristics AL KHOBAR for working
and no buildup SCECO pressure up to
of corrosion H.Q.
16 bar
products. at 20°C.
DAMMAM PORT RIYADH ROAD

S
A
P
P
C
DAMMAM-KHOBAR HIGHWAY UNDERPASS

DAMMAM INDUSTRIAL ESTATE

O

AL QAHTANI
PIPE COATING

LOCATION
MAP

SABIC MARKETING

DAMMAM TOWERS

DAMMAM

It’s simple to joining It’s corrosion free.

With its integral push-fit UPVC pipe just does not
self sealing action. corrode; it’s impervious to
Long runs attack from aggressive soils,
of UPVC pressure pipe can be water and most common
installed in record time. acids and alkalis.

SAPPCO after Sales Service

Provides its customers with advice on any
technical problems they may encounter

For further details and information, contact

SAPPCO DAMMAM FACTORY
FACTORY & MAIN OFFICES
FIRST DAMMAM INDUSTRIAL ESTATE - 8TH STREET
P.O. Box 4916, Dammam 31412, Saudi Arabia
Telephone : (03) 847-1703 / 847-3323
Telefax : (03) 847-1969

e-mail: [email protected]/[email protected] Web site : http//:www.sappco-dammam.com

RIYADH OFFICE : P.O. Box 2828, Riyadh 11461, Tel.: (01) 4480448 - Fax : (01) 4461392
JEDDAH OFFICE : P.O. Box 5448, Jeddah 21422, Tel.: (02) 6749402, 6726318 - Fax : (02) 674 7827
Every care is taken to see that information given in this catalogue is correct and current but it is not intended to form\
any part of any contract; and no warranty is intended to be given or implied in respect of the contents hereof.

SAPPCO THE LEADING MANUFACTURER OF PLASTIC PIPES