B10 - Reinforced Concrete Half Joint: Frilo Software GMBH Version: 1/2015 As of 30/01/2015

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B10 – Reinforced Concrete Half Joint

FRILO Software GmbH


www.frilo.com
[email protected]
Version: 1/2015
As of 30/01/2015
B10

B10 – Reinforced Concrete Half Joint

Contents

Application options 4
Basis of calculation 6
Definition of the structural system 9
Material selection 9
Concrete cover 9
Beams 9
Half joint 9
Supports 9
Reinforcement 10
Verification options 11
Output 12
Application-specific icons 12
Reference literature 13

Further information and descriptions are available in the relevant documentations:


Durability - Creep Coefficient and Shrinkage Strain.pdf"

FDC – Basic Operating Instructions General instructions for the manipulation of the user interface
FDC – Menu items General description of the typical menu items of Frilo software
applications
FDC – Output and printing Output and printing
FDC - Import and export Interfaces to other applications (ASCII, RTF, DXF …)
FCC Frilo.Control.Center - the easy-to-use administration module for
projects and items
FDD Frilo.Document.Designer - document management based on PDF
Frilo.System.Next Installation, configuration, network, database

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Reinforced Concrete Half Joint

Application options
The B10 software application allows you to calculate dapped beam ends.

Available standards:
 DIN EN 1992-1-1:2012 + 2013
 ÖNORM EN 1992-1-1:2011
 BS EN 1992-1-1:2004 + 2009
 EN 1992-1-1
 NTC EN 1992-1-1:2008
DIN 1045 and DIN 1045-1 are still optionally available.

When using precast beams in reinforced concrete frame structures, dapped beams ends are often
required in the bearing area to keep the floor structure as thin as possible. Because anchorage of the
diagonal tie Zs is difficult due to the geometrical conditions in strut-and-tie models with an inclined
reinforcement portion of 100 %, a combined strut-and-tie model comprising perpendicular and inclined
suspension reinforcement (see illustration) is selected under normal conditions.

 Calculation optionally in accordance with DAfStb1 Booklet 399


 Strut-and-tie model combined of perpendicular and diagonal suspension reinforcement
 Freely selectable portion of inclined reinforcement
 Design of an additional load (transfer immediately in the support)
 FE-modelling to check the load-bearing behaviour
 Representation of the main stress determined in the FE modelling
 Calculation of the reinforcement with representation of the reinforcement layout

1
German Committee for Reinforced Concrete

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B10

Load transfer from DLT to B10


The load transfer interface allows you to transfer loads from the Continuous Beam
application DLT to B10.

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Reinforced Concrete Half Joint

Basis of calculation

Calculation in accordance with EN 1992-1-1


The calculation is based on a strut-and-tie model combined of perpendicular and inclined suspension
reinforcement in accordance with DAfStb Booklet 399.
The design is performed with the rebar diameters specified by the user. The equilibrium in the strut-
and-tie model is determined by iterative addition of the required stirrups and the recalculation of the
centres of gravity of the reinforcement.

Strut-and-tie model consisting of inclined suspension reinforcement


The inclined model is always used in combination with the model of perpendicular suspension
reinforcement to prevent shearing of the half joint along the inclined bars. This model is more suitable
for mapping the actual load-bearing behaviour of higher beam corbels.
The software allows you to define a load-bearing portion of inclined reinforcement of 70 %.

Tensile force in the inclined reinforcement:


FZS = (Fed - F1ed ) ◊ inclined reinforcement portion

Strut-and-tie model consisting of perpendicular suspension reinforcement


While the model of inclined suspension reinforcement results directly from the support geometry, the
geometry of the model of perpendicular reinforcement is determined through the dimensioning of the
nodes 1 and 2 of the inclined strut (D1), see illustration 3.

Illustration 3

First, the geometry of the strut-and-tie model is determined in accordance with illustration 3.

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B10

It is assumed that the stress limit σRdmax = k2 ⋅ ν'⋅ fcd in node 2 (stress σcd2 depends on a4 ) is complied
with; k2 and v' are assumed in accordance with the selected National Annex (NA).
- for Germany: k2 = 0.75, ν' = 1.1 - fck / 500 <= 1.0
- for Austria: k2 = 0.9, ν' = 1.0 - fck / 250 <= 1.0

The exact compression strut position with the dimensions of the nodes 1 and 2 is determined in the
above expressions and the given border conditions such as the concrete cover and the centre of gravity
of the suspension reinforcement and the horizontal reinforcement.
By defining unfavourable half joint dimensions and/or if a high number of reinforcement layers is
required, an inclination of the compression strut below 30° can result. The software aborts the
calculation in this case because a design based on such a strut-and-tie model is not permitted.

Tensile force in the vertical suspension reinforcement:


FZV = (Fed - F1ed ) ◊ (1 - inclined reinforcement portion)

Compression strut inclination:


Ê hc ˆ
F1 = atn Á ˜
Ë lc ¯
FZH lc
s cd2 = bk = half - joint width; FZH = FZV ◊
(bK ◊ a4 ) hc

Compressive strut force:


FC = FZV / sin(F1 )

Horizontal forces due to the compressive strut geometry that are to be anchored:
FZH = (FZV + F1ed ) ◊ (lc / hc) + Hed

Verification of the load-bearing capacity of the compressive concrete strut:


Compliance with the following condition must be verified
Fed £ Vrd_max
with VRd,max as per EN 1992-1-1 eq. (6.9) and consideration of the applicable NA.

Verification of node 1 (bearing stress):


The verification of the compressive stress underneath the load plate is based on EN 1992-1-1:
With the following conditions underneath the load plate:
Fed
sld = £ srd = k2 ◊ n '◊ fcd k2 and ν' in accordance with the applicable National Annex (NA)
lP ◊ bP
- for Germany: k2 = 0.75, ν' = 1.1 - fck / 500 <= 1.0
- for Austria: k2 = 0.9, ν' = 1.0 - fck / 250

and in node 1:
a1(1) = 2 ◊ d1

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Reinforced Concrete Half Joint

Ê Ê lc ˆ ˆ
a2(1)= Á a1 (1) ◊ Á ˜ + lP ˜ ◊ sin(F1 )
Ë Ë hc ¯ ¯

FC
s cd = £ srd = k2 ◊ n '◊ fcd k2 and ν' as with node 1 for bearing stress
a2(1) ◊ bP

Optionally, σld and σcd can be limited to 0.85 ⋅ fcd1 in accordance with Schlaich/Schäfer.

Model for the back anchorage of the horizontal force:

Illustration 4

Optionally, the back anchorage of a horizontal support reaction in the vertical suspension stirrups can be
approached as shown in illustration 4 in accordance with /10/, Concrete Yearbook (Betonkalender)
2007, Part 2.

The following results for the tensile force of the vertical suspension reinforcement:
hc
FZV = (Fed - F1ed ) ◊ (1 - inclined reinforcement portion) + Hed ◊
z

Reinforcement
The software applies a tensile splitting reinforcement in the form of vertical corbel stirrups, which is
sufficient to bear the tensile splitting force Ftd determined in accordance with /8/ 3.5.4.
If additional tensile splitting reinforcement should be required, it is to be applied with constructive
measures.

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Definition of the structural system


First, select the applicable standard in the main menu.

Material selection
The available materials depend on the selected standard.

Concrete cover
Define the concrete cover nom.c in this data-entry field.

Beams
Specification of the beam dimensions.
b0 web width
h0 beam height
bm plate width
hp plate thickness

Half joint
Specification of the half joint dimensions.
hk height of the half joint
lk length of the half joint

Supports

F,ed resulting design value of the total vertical support reaction


H,ed resulting design value of the horizontal support reaction
Note: In order to take into account any possible constraining forces in the horizontal
direction it is recommended: H, ed >= 20% of F,ed.
e1 distance from support axis to front edge of beam
F1,ed resulting design value of close-to-support load that is not up anchored
bp width of the load-transferring plate (direction as with b0)
lp length of the load-transferring plate

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Reinforced Concrete Half Joint

Reinforcement

Inclined
reinforcem. portion of inclined bars in the suspension reinforcement (70 % maximum)

Preferable diameter
du_V suspension stirrups, diameter of the vertical suspension reinforcement
du_S diameter of the inclined suspension reinforcement, requires the specification of the
number of shear faces of a stirrup layer (see du_H)
du_S diameter of the horizontal tensile stirrups, requires the specification of the number of
shear faces of a stirrup layer.
The maximum number of shear faces of a layer with stirrups laid next to each other is
verified under the assumption of a bending roll diameter of 7 ⋅ du (or 4 ⋅ du when du < 20)
in accordance with DAfStb Booklet 400 and is displayed in the status line.
The maximum number of shear faces that can be specified in the data-entry field is
determined by the minimum rebar spacing defined in the code ( amin ≥ ds and amin ≥
20 mm ).
du_K stirrup diameter in the half joint

Functions of the buttons in the graphical user interface

Pressing this button displays the reinforcement in the GUI.

Pressing this button displays the inner strut-and-tie model in


addition to the reinforcement in the GUI.

Pressing this button hides or displays the reinforcement in the inner


strut-and-tie model.

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Verification options
Main menuSettings.

Any changes of the settings in this dialog have an immediate effect on the defined
half joint and the values set in the system definition section. When you set up a new
item, the software goes back to the default settings, however. The button "By
default" allows you to save your settings as defaults.

Horizontal force The horizontal force acts normally on the support (bottom edge of half
joint). You can optionally transfer it directly to the horizontal stirrups.
According to the enhanced strut-and-tie model described in the Concrete
Yearbook 2007 (Betonkalender 2007, Teil 2, Seite 342, Modell C), the
horizontal force is borne by the triangle formed by the ideal strut inclination
and the vertical stirrups
(see the paragraph "Model for the back anchorage of the horizontal force"
in the Basis of calculation section).
Fabricated as Available options are "Cast-in-place concrete" or "Precast component". The
selection has an influence on the determination of the material coefficients
γc and γs.
SigmaRd... The limit stress for the design of the compression strut underneath the load
plate in the node type 6 of the strut-and-tie model can optionally be
assumed with 0.85 ⋅ fcd1 in accordance with Schlaich/Schäfer or
k2 ⋅ ν′ ⋅ fcd as per EN 1992-1 and the values specified in the applicable NA
(see above).
Preferable diameter Specification of default values for the preferable diameters of the different
stirrup types.

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Reinforced Concrete Half Joint

Output
Output of the system data, results and graphics on the screen or printer.
The Output item in the Main menu allows you to start the output on a printer or the screen.

Word output to MS-Word, if this software is installed on your computer.


Screen displays the values in a text window on the screen
Printer starts the output on the printer
FilePrint preview displays a print preview.

Output profile
The individual output options allow you to customise the scope and contents of the
data to be put out. Only the activated options are considered in the output scope.
Item text texts that you entered in the "Comments" section are put out
at the beginning of the output document.

Graphic of system
Main stress representation of the structural system with the main stresses
Reinforcement representation of the structural system with the reinforcement
All representation of the structural system with the main stresses
and the reinforcement

Application-specific icons

The buttons allow you to select the output on the screen

- system graph
- main stress chart
- reinforcement
- combination of main stresses and reinforcement
- internal strut-and-tie model
- internal strut-and-tie model with or without reinforcement

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Reference literature
/1/ EN 1992-1-1 including the relevant National Annexes
/2/ Booklet 599 of the German Committee for Reinforced Concrete DAfStb
/3/ Booklet 600 of the German Committee for Reinforced Concrete DAfStb
/4/ Stahlbetonbau aktuell 2013, Stabwerksmodelle
/5/ Booklet 399 of the German Committee for Reinforced Concrete DAfStb
/6/ Booklet 425 of the German Committee for Reinforced Concrete DAfStb
/7/ LEONHARDT, Vorlesungen über den Massivbau Teil 3
/8/ Concrete Yearbook: Betonkalender 2001, Part 2, Konstruieren im Stahlbetonbau (SCHLAICH,
SCHÄFER)
/9/ Concrete Yearbook: Betonkalender 2002, Part 1, Grundlagen der Bemessung nach DIN 1045-1 in
Beispielen (LITZNER)
/10/ Concrete Yearbook: Betonkalender 2007 Teil 2, Konstruktion und Bemessung von Details nach
DIN 1045 (FINGERLOOS / STENZEL)

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