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    Final Research Position Paper

    Uploaded by

    Christine Altamarino
    This document discusses whether catcalling should be criminalized. It notes that catcalling leads women to feel embarrassed, unsafe, and objectified. While some argue that catcalling is a compliment, most research finds that it negatively impacts women's emotions and sense of safety in public. The document argues that criminalizing catcalling could help enforce proper behavior and respect towards all people in society. However, it may be difficult to implement laws against catcalling due to challenges in identifying perpetrators and gathering evidence. Overall, the document examines perspectives on both sides of whether laws should be introduced to criminalize catcalling behavior.

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    Final Research Position Paper

    Uploaded by

    Christine Altamarino
    99 views5 pages
    This document discusses whether catcalling should be criminalized. It notes that catcalling leads women to feel embarrassed, unsafe, and objectified. While some argue that catcalling is a compliment, most research finds that it negatively impacts women's emotions and sense of safety in public. The document argues that criminalizing catcalling could help enforce proper behavior and respect towards all people in society. However, it may be difficult to implement laws against catcalling due to challenges in identifying perpetrators and gathering evidence. Overall, the document examines perspectives on both sides of whether laws should be introduced to criminalize catcalling behavior.

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    This document discusses whether catcalling should be criminalized. It notes that catcalling leads women to feel embarrassed, unsafe, and objectified. While some argue that catcalling is a compliment, most research finds that it negatively impacts women's emotions and sense of safety in public. The document argues that criminalizing catcalling could help enforce proper behavior and respect towards all people in society. However, it may be difficult to implement laws against catcalling due to challenges in identifying perpetrators and gathering evidence. Overall, the document examines perspectives on both sides of whether laws should be introduced to criminalize catcalling behavior.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    99 views5 pages

    Final Research Position Paper

    Uploaded by

    Christine Altamarino
    This document discusses whether catcalling should be criminalized. It notes that catcalling leads women to feel embarrassed, unsafe, and objectified. While some argue that catcalling is a compliment, most research finds that it negatively impacts women's emotions and sense of safety in public. The document argues that criminalizing catcalling could help enforce proper behavior and respect towards all people in society. However, it may be difficult to implement laws against catcalling due to challenges in identifying perpetrators and gathering evidence. Overall, the document examines perspectives on both sides of whether laws should be introduced to criminalize catcalling behavior.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Catcalling be Criminalized?

    Women assumed that catcalling would lead to sexual harassment that is why they necessarily avoid those

    people who catcall. Men also experience this kind of catcall. On the other hand, gays also encountered this

    issue, they tend to disrespect those catcallers because of their physical appearance. Being harassed was also

    associated with negative emotions such as feeling embarrassed, unsafe, disgusted, objectified, and

    frustrated. In line with the findings of Swim, Hyers, Cohen, and Ferguson (2001), we also found anger to

    be common among the participants. People, especially women become so protective with their self because

    of this harassment that they experience. No women would love this kind of catcalling. According to the

    research, 88% of women in Canada and 85% of women in the United States report being street harassed for

    the first time before the age of 17 (Livingston, Grillo, & Paluch, 2015). In the Philippines, most of the

    people being empowered by street harassment. Even though women dress properly, catcallers do not care

    on how you dress maybe it looks like body showing or you are covered with clothes. People in this

    generation really seems so aggressive in this kind of issue. Street harassment leads women to not

    participates actively in public sphere and it hinders their capability to do their daily routine.

    (Ramakrishnan,2011). This issue should be implemented to have a better communication with the other

    people, to be aware that street harassment is not just a compliment but rather an inappropriate act that leads

    to emotional anger and uncomfortable of every action people did.

    On the contrary, it should not be implemented because most people agree that it cannot harm

    physically. It is just a compliment especially to women and women misunderstood it only. (Gardner, 1995).

    People tend to catcall for many factors such choice of clothing, the time they travelled and how they act in

    public sphere. (Dhillion and Bakaya, 2014). According to Ilahi (2009), street harassment may be partly

    ignored by authorities because women do not usually report cases of harassment to the police. There are

    reasons that it should not be implemented because when authority asked women who did this to her, they
    did not the answer because in the first place they do not the people who did it and it really hard for the

    authority to know it because they have no evidence that will be presented. According to Ramadan (2018),

    street harassment has two kinds which is strangers and non-strangers it is based on how people catcall with

    you and how you feel about it or what is the interpretation of the victim to the catcaller. It says that, if a

    stranger catcall it is not okay to the victim but when non-stranger catcalls to the victim it considers as a

    compliment. It is really a not so hard case because you may know when is the limit of the catcallers. It will

    create a many case in the judicial that will make it very much in trouble.

    Those good words that sometimes people take it as a compliment is somehow has behind meaning

    of it. Women feel unsafe when they encounter such that issue. People experience a lot and most them agreed

    that it should be implemented or criminalized to lessen those disrespectful catcallers and nympho. It is

    improper to do this kind of thing because most of the time it is not really good specially when you do not

    know the one who catcall. The researcher wants to be criminalized this issue to avoid those unwanted

    actions that sometimes lead to unpleasing movements and gestures to the victim. No people would like to

    be catcall. Even some men being catcall and they do not want it to make as hobby or a play time. It would

    be better to implement because it will let people to behave properly and accordingly to others. It may hard

    on the first but it really helps in the community. It would be criminalized as long as you do not know the

    person or you know the person and they abuse your well-being. It is not how the women dress because they

    still disrespect even if they dress properly it is on the attitude of the people because people are really

    uneducated when it talks about respect.

    This research position paper persuades reader to be aware that our country needs to be taught on how

    to deal properly towards other. it is the main problem of the country to discipline the people. In this way,

    people would be benefited if it would be implemented because the country would lessen those ill-mannered

    people. This research is aim to be implemented for all people not only for women even though we all know

    that most of the time women are being abused. In this simple way, we can help the country to be productive
    and discipline because people will be aware that respecting people’s well-being plays a crucial role in our

    society.
    REFERENCES

    Bakaya, S., Dhillion, M. (2014). Street Harassment: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Young

    Women in Delhi.

    Bowman, C. G. (1993). Street harassment and the informal ghettoization of women. Harvard Law Review,

    106, 517.

    Davidson, M. M., Butchko, M. S., Robbins, K., Sherd, L. W., & Gervais, S. J. (2016). The mediating role

    of perceived safety on street harassment and anxiety. Psychology of Violence. doi:10.1037/a0039970

    Davidson, M. M., Gervais, S. J., & Sherd, L. W. (2013). The ripple effects of stranger harassment on

    objectification of self and others. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 39(1), 53-66.

    doi:10.1177/0361684313514371

    Fairchild, K., & Rudman, L. (2008). Everyday stranger harassment and women's objectification. Social

    Justice Research, 21(3), 338-357. doi:10.1007/s11211-008-0073-0

    Fisher, S., Lindner, D., Ferguson, C. J. (2017). The Effects of Exposure to Catcalling on Women’s State

    Self-Objectification and Body Image.

    Gardner, C. B. (1995). Passing by: Gender and public harassment. Berkeley: University of California

    Press.
    Ilahi, N. (2009). Gendered contestations: An analysis of street harassment in Cairo and its implications for

    women’s access to public spaces. Retrieved from http://www.auc-egypt.edu/gapp/

    igws/gradcent/documents/surfacing_vol2n-o1_05ilahi.pdf

    Livingston, B., Grillo, M., & Paluch, R. (2015, May). Cornell International Survey on Street Harassment.

    Retrieved June 28, 2017, from https://www.ihollaback.org/cornell-international-survey-on-street-

    harassment/

    MacMillan, R., Nierobisz, A., & Welsh, S. (2000). Experiencing the streets: Harassment and perceptions

    of safety among women. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 37, 306–322

    Ramadan, Z. F. (2018). Catcalls or compliments: men’s attitudes on street and Sexual harassment in relation

    to their personality.

    Ramakrishnan, K. B. (2011). Inconsistent legal treatment of unwanted sexual advances: A study of the

    homosexual advance defense, street harassment, and sexual harassment in the workplace. Berkeley Journal

    of Gender, Law & Justice, 26(2), 291.

    Swim, J. K., Hyers, L. L., Cohen, L. L., & Ferguson, M. J. (2001). African American college students’

    experiences with everyday racism: Characteristics of and responses to these incidents.

    Journal of Black Psychology, 29, 38-67.

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