LICENCIATURA EN TURISMO

Inglés II - Clases Teóricas

Unidad III | El futuro del turismo

Prof. Titular Anahí Cuestas

Prof. Adjunta Sandra Peralta

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 Tomorrow’s tourism
(Taken and adapted from English for Careers, Tourism 3, OUP)

Watch Our Vision for the Future of Travel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z_Da2wJtC5s

Amadeus IT Group has identified three major trends that will be critical to the next generation of
travel and the technology that powers it: personalisation (P) , connectivity (C) and sustainability
(S). Watch the video, decide which of the following ideas are mentioned and match them with the
corresponding trend.

Unique travelling experience. ___ Ask local experts and fellow travelers about
Receive customised offers from the airport._ their trips. ___
Find organisations that care about the Use social media to choose the seat. ___
environment. ___ Enjoy exotic destinations. ___
Share travel plans with friends. ___ Organize cheap holidays. ___

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2. Read the following transcript of an interview with the tourism expert Melvyn Pryer and
insert the phrases in the correct place. Then listen and check.

a. to control the movement and flows of visitors through high prices and regulations
b. I wouldn't be surprised if the whole space tourism thing just disappears soon
c. It's just that the shape it takes will change
d. certain attractions will become totally zoned to prohibit tourists or they'll charge fees
to enter cities such as Venice
e. the question arises as to the extent to which such huge numbers can be
accommodated, transferred, and entertained.
f. global warming will possibly have reduced the appeal of the sun

I = Interviewer, M = Melvyn

I Melvyn, thank you very much for sparing some time to talk to us. I know you're very busy at
the moment, representing the Birmingham College of Food, Tourism, and Creative Studies at
this trade fair. Can I start by asking you a fairly general question? What predictions would you
make for the tourism industry in the next 30 to 50 years?
M Well, that's a really big question. I think the first thing to say is that with international tourist
arrivals growing every year, (1) …………………………………………. And that's particularly if
the European trend towards independent holidays and individualism is repeated in Asia.
I So, you're saying that the attractions and resorts of today might not be able to cope with
the sheer numbers?
M Yes, I suppose so. I think (2) ……………………………….. But then you've also got
something else happening: (3)…………………………………., prompting many to turn away
from the traditional tourist destinations we recognize today to new resort destinations
further away from the equator. But these new tourist regions are likely to be swamped by
tourists, and possibly the only way the industry and authorities will be able to handle these
visitors is (4) ………………………………...
I So more restrictions and higher prices. That's not a very happy prospect. What about
other possibilities? We often hear about trips to the moon, for example?
M I'm not so sure about that. Even if tourism in outer space might offer a new tourism
frontier, will visits into space be repeated? It'll be a novelty, a one-off — unless planets can be
utilized as new destinations, but I don't see that happening (5), ………
………………………….
I But do you feel optimistic generally about the future of tourism?
M Oh yes, I have to! There's no reason why we shouldn't be optimistic. Everything seems to
suggest that tourism will be with us for a long time. (6) ….…………………….— and
personally I find that a very interesting and exciting thing.

3. Listen again and compare your answers to the questions in 1 with Melvyn’s

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Language spot
Look at these phrases from the text. Do they refer to the past, present or future? In what way
are they different?

…certain attractions will become totally zoned to prohibit tourists

…tourism will be with us for a long time
…the attractions and resorts of today might not be able to cope with the sheer numbers
…outer space might offer a new tourism frontier

Predicting future trends in tourism

(Taken and adapted from Going International, English for Tourism, OUP)

A. In groups, discuss likely future developments in world tourism.

1 In fifty years' time, where will the most popular tourist destinations be?
2 Which new countries will tourists come from in the next fifty years?
3 What kinds of holiday will these new tourists be looking for?
4 Will these new tourists be attracted to your country? What things will you need to develop in order to
attract them?
B. Divide into groups of three or four. Choose one of the following topics.

- hotels - entertainment and recreational facilities

- air travel - holiday types
- other forms of travel and transport (road, rail, - tourist attractions and facilities in the town/city
sea, river) where you are studying

Discuss the possible developments in the topic area you have chosen over the next fifty years. Write down
your main opinions and predictions and pass them to another group for discussion and reaction.

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 Impacts of tourism
Tourism can bring many economic and social benefits, particularly in rural areas and developing
countries, but mass tourism is also associated with negative effects. Tourism can only be sustainable
if it is carefully managed so that potential negative effects on the host community and the
environment are not permitted to outweigh the financial benefits.
(Retrieved from http://traveltips.usatoday.com/positive-negative-effects-tourism-63336.html, July 2017)

Imagine you are preparing a presentation about positive and negative impacts of tourism
for students of secondary school. Watch 2030: The Disturbing Truth of Tourism's Future
and complete the sentences with relevant ideas from the video that you may include in your
presentation. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jJFHNbcqQ4)

1. The world population …………………………………………………………………………

2. The cities ………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The consumption of food, water and energy …………………………………………………
4. Transportation will have problems ……………………………………………………………
5. Overpopulation and poor environmental resource management may lead to ………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. A significant increase in mass tourism ……………………………………………………….
7. Frequent extreme weather events ……………………………………………………………

Your opinion: discuss in groups

Do you think the future of tourism is really so disturbing?
What can tourism stakeholders do to prevent such future?

Sustainable tourism
1. Sustainable tourism concepts and definitions: match the terms with the beginning of their
dictionary definitions
2.

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 2. Choose the right term to complete the 2004 UNWTO description of sustainable tourism.
Use each term only once.

Sustainable tourism development guidelines /sustainability and management practices are applicable
to all forms of tourism in all types of destinations, including authenticity / mass tourism and the various
niche tourism segments. Sustainability principles / stakeholders refer to the environmental, economic,
and sociocultural aspects of tourism development, and a suitable balance must be established between
these three dimensions to guarantee its long term authenticity / sustainability.
Thus, sustainable tourism should
1. make optimum / stable use of environmental resources that constitute a key element in tourism
development, maintaining essential ecological processes and helping to conserve natural heritage
and biodiversity I mass tourism.
2. respect the sociocultural authenticity / biodiversity of host communities, conserve their built and
living cultural heritage and traditional guidelines / values, and contribute to intercultural
understanding and tolerance.
3. ensure mass tourism / viable, longterm economic operations, providing socio-economic benefits to
all stakeholders principles that are fairly distributed, inducing stable / viable employment and
income-earning opportunities and social services to host communities / stakeholders, and contributing
to poverty alleviation.

3.. Now watch the promotional video of the International Year of Sustainable
Tourism for Development 2017. Can you explain the theme?

4. Now look at the theme of World Tourism Day 2018. How is it related to 2017
theme? Provide examples of how technology is transforming tourism.

Digital advances are transforming

how we connect and inform
ourselves, transforming our
behaviour, and encouraging
innovation and sustainable,
responsible growth strategies.

We must better understand the

growing economic, societal and
environmental impacts of
technology and innovation in
tourism if our sector is to sustain
continuous and inclusive growth in line with the Sustainable Development Goals of the United
Nations.

We know that a digitally advanced tourism sector can improve entrepreneurship, inclusion, local
community empowerment and efficient resource management, amongst other important
development objectives. This year’s WTD will help us to further explore the opportunities provided
to tourism by technological advances including big data, artificial intelligence and digital platforms.

Research project
Imagine you are part of an international project call Learning for a Sustainable Future in which
students from different parts of the world have to find information about sustainable tourism
initiatives in their own country. In groups, prepare a PPT presentation about initiatives in Argentina
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to share with the rest of the students in the project. The PPT (5-10 slides) will have to be presented
and explained in class.
You may consider topics such as: the use of technology, types of tourists, destinations, advertising
campaigns, impacts of tourism, eco-friendly tours, etc.

Technology and job creation

Imagine you’re preparing notes for a presentation about the impact of digital transformation
on tourism jobs. Read the text below and complete the notes with information from the text
and your own ideas.

The future of travel is technology-based, so tourism jobs will require both technical and advanced
soft skills used to effectively implement and manage smart initiatives. The greatest societal impact
of digital transformation in tourism may be the effect on the sector’s workforce, which directly and
indirectly represents 1 in every 10 jobs worldwide. Like in other economic sectors, intelligent
automation will change the nature of some travel jobs and eradicate others altogether. However,
digitally-enabled growth will also generate new employment opportunities that could outpace the
automation of existing roles, especially as strong growth is forecast for the sector.

Startups and micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) – drivers of technology-based
innovation and entrepreneurship in tourism – will take on an increasingly important role in
developing the skills needed for the jobs of the future. The sector should therefore prioritize
strengthening startups and MSMEs so they can become integral parts of the tourism value chain,
and boosting technology- and skills-based education, training and policies that stimulate innovation
and decent employment.

The impact of technology on the travel and tourism industry is enormous. For example, some travel
jobs ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
In order to implement and manage smart initiatives, …………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Innovation in tourism ……… ………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

How Can Tourism Enterprises Benefit From Mobile Apps?

http://blog.apps-builder.com/how-can-tourism-enterprises-benefit-from-mobile-apps/, retrieved July 2017

Read the text and complete the tasks below using relevant information from the text and your
own ideas.

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There was a time when people used to travel around the world with guide books, maps and
different awkward printed material; that era has died out. The future is always on: it is portable and
always in your pocket in the form of a smartphone or a tablet.
As a result, the relationship between travel and technology has become closer than ever, with
more and more businesses turning to mobile apps to promote their services and reach customers
in a more personal way.
Within the huge and diversified mobile apps market, travel-related apps rank as the 7th most
downloaded type of apps. An amazing 60% of the total 1.75 billion smartphone users worldwide
has downloaded travel-related apps and 45% of the same group is going to use mobile apps to
plan future holidays.
But what does this mean for the tourism industry? Mobile apps have become small businesses’
best ally, both to acquire new customers as well as to retain old ones. This is why tourism
enterprises need to adapt to this new technological shift and make sure they are able to reach their
customers in the mobile environment and become active part of their digital lives.
Companies that have a strong mobile presence and regularly interact with their customers in a new
media environment have also more chances to increase their revenue streams, as 59% of people
admit being more likely to purchase products and services from businesses operating mobile.
Opinion (30-50 words)
1. Provide three reasons for the decline in the use of travel agencies for making travel bookings.
2. At the beginning of the unit we referred to three important trends in tourism: personalisation,
connectivity and sustainability. Do you think the use of mobile apps in tourism is related to all
of them? How?
3. What kind of benefits can tourism enterprises obtain by using mobile apps?

More on Positive and Negative Effects of Tourism

(taken from http://traveltips.usatoday.com/positive-negative-effects-tourism-63336.html, retrieved July 2017)

1. Read about the impacts of tourism and

provide examples of positive and
negative effects in your own country.

Economic Effects -- Positive

Tourism creates jobs, both through direct
employment within the tourism industry and
indirectly in sectors such as retail and
transportation. When these people spend their
wages on goods and services, it leads to what is
known as the "multiplier effect," creating more
jobs. The tourism industry also provides
opportunities for small-scale business enterprises,
which is especially important in rural communities,
and generates extra tax revenues, such as airport
and hotel taxes, which can be used for schools,
housing and hospitals.

Economic Effects -- Negative

Successful tourism relies on establishing a basic
infrastructure, such as roads, visitor centers and
hotels. The cost of this usually falls on the government, so it has to come out of tax revenues. Jobs
created by tourism are often seasonal and poorly paid, yet tourism can push up local property prices
and the cost of goods and services. Money generated by tourism does not always benefit the local

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community, as some of it leaks out to huge international companies, such as hotel chains.
Destinations dependent on tourism can be adversely affected by events such as terrorism, natural
disasters and economic recession.

Social Effects -- Positive

The improvements to infrastructure and new leisure amenities that result from tourism also benefit
the local community. Tourism encourages the preservation of traditional customs, handicrafts and
festivals that might otherwise have been allowed to wane, and it creates civic pride. Interchanges
between hosts and guests create a better cultural understanding and can also help raise global
awareness of issues such as poverty and human rights abuses.

Social Effects -- Negative

Visitor behavior can have a detrimental effect on the quality of life of the host community. For
example, crowding and congestion, drugs and alcohol problems, prostitution and increased crime
levels can occur. Tourism can even infringe on human rights, with locals being displaced from their
land to make way for new hotels or barred from beaches. Interaction with tourists can also lead to
an erosion of traditional cultures and values.

Environmental Effects -- Positive

Tourism -- particularly nature and ecotourism -- helps promote conservation of wildlife and natural
resources such as rain forests, as these are now regarded as tourism assets. It also helps generate
funding for maintaining animal preserves and marine parks through entrance charges and guide
fees. By creating alternative sources of employment, tourism reduces problems such as over-fishing
and deforestation in developing nations.

Environmental Effects -- Negative

Tourism poses a threat to a region's natural and cultural resources, such as water supply, beaches,
coral reefs and heritage sites, through overuse. It also causes increased pollution through traffic
emissions, littering, increased sewage production and noise.

2. Group work. Imagine that you work for a tourism office in Argentina and prepare 10
guidelines about limiting the negative effects of tourism on communities, economy and
the environment. You may use information from the following websites to help you.

 Center for Sustainable Destinations – About geotourism

 Ethical Traveler
 Pro Poor Tourism
 Responsible Travel
 Travel Forever – Sustainable tourism
 Tourism Concern – What is community tourism?
 World Heritage Centre – World heritage and sustainable tourism programme

3. Now imagine you have to visit a primary school and explain to the pupils some of the
main advantages and disadvantages of tourism. Prepare a short video, PPT, Prezi or
poster to use in this presentation and share it with class.

4. With reference to one destination with which you are familiar, assess the extent to
which tourism development has taken place in a sustainable way. Prepare a brief
report to share with the class (100-120 words).
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 Marketing and promotion
(Taken and adapted from English for Careers, Tourism 1, OUP)

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 2. Match the terms with the correct definitions
1 Advertising A. It keeps a product or service in the minds of customers and helps stimulate their demand for it.

2 Promotion B. lt makes sure that customers buy a product or service by understanding and meeting their needs

3 Marketing C. lt brings a product or service to the attention of customers through the media to persuade them to
buy it

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The language of advertising

1. Look at the slogans and substitute the adjectives in the adverts with the word 'nice'. What is
the effect?

2. In order to sell and promote their product advertisers use 'superlative' language. Look at
adjectives 1- 7. For each adjective, find two 'publicity'-style adjectives from a – n

1. Beautiful a. ancient h. innovative

2. Big b. diminutive i. large
3. Cheap c. economical j. low-cost
4. expensive d. enormous k. luxury
5. New e. exclusive l. modem
6. Old f. gorgeous m. picturesque
7. Small g. historic n. tiny
3. Choose the best adjective for these advertising texts.

1. The region has a lot of exclusive / historic / picturesque monuments.

2. Europe's best and biggest economical /low-cost/ modem airline.
3. The new bridge is one of the most innovative / modern / picturesque pieces of engineering in
the country.
4. Make yourself feel really special - take a short break in one of our economical /exclusive /
modern country hotels.
5. Go online and search for what your family needs from our database of hundreds of enormous /
economical / tiny campsites in Europe.
6. Diminutive / Gorgeous / Large beaches, luxury accommodation.
4. Choose the two adjectives that you like the most and use them to write tourism slogans for
your country.

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 5. Work in pairs. Look at the list of different kinds of media advertising and discuss which you
think you could use to market holidays for each group.
newspapers TV the Internet radio magazines travel brochures leaflets tourism guides

social networking sites search engine banners websites online forum word of mouth

1 A big family who want an all inclusive package holiday

2 A retired couple interested in history and heritage
3 A group of friends who want an adventure holiday
4 A young married couple
5 A gap-year student
6 A young person looking for a cheap city break
7 A group of friends looking for a last minute offer

Student A: I think we could use newspapers or tourism brochures to market an all inclusive package holiday to a big
family.
Student B: I don't agree. I think everybody uses the Internet these days, so maybe we could use a search engine
banner or a website.

Language spot

I (really) think that …

I believe (that) …
I’m sure that
I guess/imagine …
I’d say that …
6.
7.
8.

Adverts
How would you promote tourism in the area where you live (or any other area in the country
you like and know well)?

a. Make a list of the different aspects of the

region that make it attractive to tourists.

b. Prepare a webpage advertising the region.

Remember the 4 Ps (Product, Place, Price
and Promotion). In your advert, include
details of:
 suitable activities for customers to do
 facilities and services you offer
 the price (with offers/discounts)
 the length and period of the holiday (try to
suit it to your customers)
 other information to attract your customers
 It will need images as well as text

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Additional grammar reference

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