The Triumph of Colonialism in Southeast Asia

The Triumph of Colonialism in Southeast Asia
Objectives:
1. To discuss the Triumph of Colonialism in Southeast Asia

2. To enumerate the different people,places and changes
3. To give value in Colonization
The Conquest of Southeast Asia
 The Europeans did not immediately colonize the entire region of Southeast Asia.
 They only confined themselves to certain portions of the region.
 They also had limited control and power over these territories, because of
competition among the Western powers and the strategic and commercial value
of colonies, the western powers started to colonize most of the areas of
Southeast Asia.
The Conquest of Burma
 Burma was under the Konbaung dynasty in the 19th century.

 In 1826, King Bagdiyaw calshed with the British East India Company because of
a dispute over the territories of Assam, Arakan, and Manipur located between
India and Burma.
 Burma considered the three territories as a frontier zone and did not want any
dominant power in that region.
 Burma also believed that its interest should be paramount in the disputed area.
The British, on the other hand, could not accept the concept of a frontier zone
were determined to annex the three territories.
 British invasion of the “frontier zone”, Burma invaded the province of Bengal in
India.
The Conquest of Vietnam and the Establishment of French Indochina
 The Vietnamese underestimated the power of the Europeans. Vietnam was more
cohesive and powerful than Burma.
 Vietnam also had its own internal conflicts the preoccupied government officials.
 The center of the Vietnamese kingdom is the Hue functioned in the basis of
Confucian teachings.
 The French sought to colonize Vietnam and use it as a stepping stone for trade
with China. They initially eyed Cambodia for this purpose but soon realized that it
was difficult to travel to China via the Mekong River.
 French used their catholic missionaries to enter Vietnam. From 1859-1867, the
French gradually colonized Vietnam starting from the southern part of the
country. The Vietnamese were hopeless against the modern weapons of the
French.
The Modernization of Siam
 The Chakri dynasty was established in 1782 CE as the successor to the kingdom
of Ayutthaya and the short-lived reign of King Thaksin.
 Siam became a powerful kingdom in Southeast Asia. Siam was also in danger of
being colonized by either the British or the French.
 Siam had two progressive kings, Mongkut (Rama IV) and Chulalongkorn (Rama
V), who ruled in succession and directed the kingdom on the path to
modernization. As former Buddhist monk, Mongkut (1851-1868) had the foresight
to value education especially new ideas and modern technology.
 When Mongkut died in 1868, his son Chulalongkom (1868-1910) assumed the
throne as a minor at the age of fifteen. King Chulalongkorn’s reform proved to be
too much for the conservative elements of the government Chulalongkorn was
almost dethroned by a coup d’ etat but fortunately, the Westerners decided not to
interfere in Siam’s affairs. He decided to bide his time and wait for the opportune
moment to launch siam’s modernization program.
Chulalongkorn implemented the following changes:
 Streamlining the bureaucracy to avoid dplication of government functions;

 Improvement of tax collection;
 Educational reforms focusing on the teaching of modern subjects;
 Strengthening the military; and
 Abolition of slavery.
The Dutch Entry into the Trading Network of the Indonesian Archipelago
 The islands comprising present-day Indonesia were parts of a more extensive

Indo-Malay world where the people were active in sea trade.
 After driving away the Portuguese, the Dutch entered the trading network in Java
and the surrounding islands. The Dutch East India Company neither introduced
many changes nor desired to conquer the entire archipelago.
 On the island of Java, Jan Pieterszoon Coen established the foundation of the
Dutch trading empire in 1830.
 He defeated the kingdom of Mataram and he formed an alliance with various
leaders of the island. The Dutch East India Company ceased to be mere trading
firm. It became a dominant force that required tributes.
 The Dutch decided to occupy all the other islands around Java to form what is
collectively known as Indonesia or the East Indies.
 The Dutch ruled Indonesia through native administrators known as priyayi.
 The Dutch also initiated the ethical policy as a gesture of appreciation for the
wealth that they used to rebuild the Netherlands. Ethical policy, the Dutch aimed
to empower and educate the Indonesian people. While the policy benefited only
a handful of people, it paved the way for education which resulted in the
development of nationalism.
The Colonization of Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei
 Present-day Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei were also parts of the Indo-Malay
world. The Malay Peninsula was then divided into several sultanates. Johore
controlled Singapore. Brunei was still powerful and had authority over a large
portion of Sawarak. Sabah, on the other hand, came under the sultanates of
Brunei and Sulu. Over time, all of these territories became part of the British
empire.
The Beginnings of Colonization in the Malay Peninsula
 In 1786 CE, sultan of Kedah gave the island of Penang to Britain as a way of
gaining a strong ally against other sultans in the peninsula.
 The british promised to help the sultan of Kedah if he ever got into a conflict with
his enemies. Sultan himself encouraged the british to place their ships and arms
in penang because of infighting among the sultans, the british advisers were
referred to as federated states.
 Sultanates without advisers were called underated states although they were still
under British control.
REFERENCE:
Asia History, Civilization and Culture
Authors:
Ma. Angelica Verzosa- Aristin
Ma. Estela C. Banasihan
Monina Olavides- Correa
Joselito N. Fornier, Ph.D
Virgilio S. Galvez
Olivia M. Habana
Joseph jay V. Hernando

Exercise 1
Direction: Identify the word needed in each number. Write your answer in the space
provided.
__________________1. Did not immediately colonize the entire region of Southeast

Asia.
__________________2. Was under the Konbaung dynasty in the 19th century. .
__________________3. The center of the Vietnamese kingdom in the basis of

Confucian teachings.
__________________4. It was established in 1782 CE as the successor to the kingdom

of Ayutthaya and the short-lived reign of King Thaksin.
__________________5. Became a powerful kingdom in Southeast Asia. Siam was also

in danger of being colonized by either the British or the French.
__________________6. Age when Chulalongkom (1868-1910) assumed the throne.
__________________7. On the island of Java, He established the foundation of the

Dutch trading empire in 1830.
__________________8. Refers to the native administrators, ruled the Indonesia by the

dutch.
__________________9. The Dutch also initiated this as the gesture of appreciation for
the wealth that they used to rebuild the Netherlands.
__________________10. Refers when Sultanates without advisers although they were

still under British control.
Exercise 2
Direction: Enumerate the Following
Frontier Zone
1.
2.
3.
Siam Progressive Kings
4.
5.
Chulalongkorn implementation for Changes
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Exercise 3
Essay
1. If you were a king or a leader in one of the islands in Southeast Asia, What measures
would you take to avoid colonization?
2. As a Leader, You’re going to take an advantage if you see that your enemy’s situation
getting worst?
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 1
1. Europeans
2. Burma
3. Hue functioned
4. Chakri
5. Siam
6. 15
7. Jan Pieterszoon Coen
8. Priayayi
9. Ethical Policy
10. Underated States
Exercise 2
1. Assam
2. Arakan
3. Manipur
4. Mongkut ( Rama IV )
5. Chulalongkorn ( Rama V )
6. Streamlining the bureaucracy to avoid dplication of government functions;
7. Improvement of tax collection;
8. Educational reforms focusing on the teaching of modern subjects;
9. Strengthening the military; and
10. Abolition of slavery.

Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Main Campus
Santa Cruz, Laguna
Major 11 (The Triumph of Colonialism in Southeast Asia)
Submitted by: Glaidel V. Olleres
Submitted to: Dr. Ray Samuel Grecalda

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The Triumph of Colonialism in Southeast Asia

1. To discuss the Triumph of Colonialism in Southeast Asia

The Conquest of Southeast Asia

The Conquest of Burma

 Burma was under the Konbaung dynasty in the 19th century.

The Conquest of Vietnam and the Establishment of French Indochina

The Modernization of Siam

Chulalongkorn implemented the following changes:

 Streamlining the bureaucracy to avoid dplication of government functions;

 The islands comprising present-day Indonesia were parts of a more extensive

The Colonization of Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei

Asia History, Civilization and Culture

Ma. Angelica Verzosa- Aristin

Ma. Estela C. Banasihan

Monina Olavides- Correa

Joselito N. Fornier, Ph.D

Joseph jay V. Hernando

__________________1. Did not immediately colonize the entire region of Southeast

__________________2. Was under the Konbaung dynasty in the 19th century. .

__________________3. The center of the Vietnamese kingdom in the basis of

__________________4. It was established in 1782 CE as the successor to the kingdom

__________________5. Became a powerful kingdom in Southeast Asia. Siam was also

__________________6. Age when Chulalongkom (1868-1910) assumed the throne.

__________________7. On the island of Java, He established the foundation of the

__________________8. Refers to the native administrators, ruled the Indonesia by the

__________________10. Refers when Sultanates without advisers although they were

Direction: Enumerate the Following

Siam Progressive Kings

Chulalongkorn implementation for Changes

7. Jan Pieterszoon Coen

10. Underated States

6. Streamlining the bureaucracy to avoid dplication of government functions;

7. Improvement of tax collection;

8. Educational reforms focusing on the teaching of modern subjects;

9. Strengthening the military; and

10. Abolition of slavery.

Major 11 (The Triumph of Colonialism in Southeast Asia)

Submitted by: Glaidel V. Olleres

Submitted to: Dr. Ray Samuel Grecalda

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