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    Philippine Republic: Barasoain Church

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    Ronald
    The document summarizes the history of Malolos, Philippines. It discusses how Malolos served as the capital of the short-lived First Philippine Republic from 1898 to 1899, during which time the Malolos Constitution was drafted. It also mentions that Malolos was designated the capital of Bulacan province in 1901 after being damaged during the Philippine-American War. The document provides details on the local governments of Malolos during the American period and Japanese occupation.

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    Philippine Republic: Barasoain Church

    Uploaded by

    Ronald
    62 views3 pages
    The document summarizes the history of Malolos, Philippines. It discusses how Malolos served as the capital of the short-lived First Philippine Republic from 1898 to 1899, during which time the Malolos Constitution was drafted. It also mentions that Malolos was designated the capital of Bulacan province in 1901 after being damaged during the Philippine-American War. The document provides details on the local governments of Malolos during the American period and Japanese occupation.

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    Philippine Republic

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    The document summarizes the history of Malolos, Philippines. It discusses how Malolos served as the capital of the short-lived First Philippine Republic from 1898 to 1899, during which time the Malolos Constitution was drafted. It also mentions that Malolos was designated the capital of Bulacan province in 1901 after being damaged during the Philippine-American War. The document provides details on the local governments of Malolos during the American period and Japanese occupation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    62 views3 pages

    Philippine Republic: Barasoain Church

    Uploaded by

    Ronald
    The document summarizes the history of Malolos, Philippines. It discusses how Malolos served as the capital of the short-lived First Philippine Republic from 1898 to 1899, during which time the Malolos Constitution was drafted. It also mentions that Malolos was designated the capital of Bulacan province in 1901 after being damaged during the Philippine-American War. The document provides details on the local governments of Malolos during the American period and Japanese occupation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Philippine Republic[edit]

    The Barasoain Church

    The Malolos Congress of 1899 in session

    Filipino soldiers in Malolos, 1899

    Malolos is the historical site of the constitutional convention of 1898 that led to the establishment of
    the First Philippine Republic, the first republic in Asia, led by Emilio Aguinaldo. Malolos served as the
    capital of the short-lived republic from 1898 to 1899. In 1899, after the Malolos Constitution was
    ratified, the Universidad Scientifico Literaria de Filipinas was established in Malolos, Bulacan. It
    offered Law as well as Medicine, Surgery and Notary Public; Academia Militar,(the Philippine's First
    Military School) which was established on October 25, 1898; and The Burgos Institute, (the
    Philippine's first law school) and an exclusive school for boys.
    The Congress of the Revolutionary Government of the Philippines convened in Barasoain Church in
    Malolos on September 15, 1898. On the 18th, Aguinaldo proclaimed Malolos as the capital of the
    Philippines. The first important act of the Congress was the ratification on September 29, 1898, of
    the independence proclamation at Kawit, Cavite of June 12, 1898. On October 19, 1898, by virtue of
    an act of Congress, the Universidad Literaria de Filipinas was established. It was in Malolos on
    December 20, 1898, when Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo declared December 30 of every year as a day of
    national mourning. The greatest achievement and for which the Malolos Congress was known was
    the framing of the Malolos Constitution, prepared by a committee headed by Felipe Calderón, was
    approved by the congress after amendments have been made on January 20, 1899, sanctioned by
    Aguinaldo the next day and promulgated on January 22. The last congressional act of the Malolos
    Congress was the inauguration of the Philippine Republic with Aguinaldo as the President on
    January 23, 1899, amidst the people's jubilation.
    On March 31, 1899, at the height of the Philippine–American War, Aguinaldo ordered Gen. Antonio
    Luna to set the Malolos Cathedral including its huge silver altar on fire as part of their strategy called
    "Scorched-earth Policy" where everything will be rendered useless. Malolos was totally destroyed
    when the Americans captured the capital. Aguinaldo escaped to San Fernando, Pampanga before
    the American Forces arrived at Malolos.
    Back to contents
    Malolos as the capital of Bulacan[edit]
    More than a year after the 1899 Battle of Malolos and the victory of and occupation by American
    forces, the national seat of power was officially conferred again to the City of Manila and on
    February 27, 1901, by the virtue of Public Law Number 88 of the Philippine Commission, the
    commission officially transferred the capital seat from the heavily damaged nearby town of Bulakan
    to the Town of Malolos and it became the capital of Bulacan.
    The Casa Presidencia de Malolos was converted as the new Casa Real of Bulacan (became Casa
    Real Shrine) making it as the new Official Office and Residence of Governor until 1930 when the
    new Provincial Capitol Building in Barrio Guinhawa, also in Malolos was built.

    Bulacan Provincial Capitol in Malolos City built in 1930

    Governments of Malolos after the Philippine–American War[edit]


     During American Period
    After the War, the Americans appointed a martial law administrator in the person of Jose Reyes
    Tiongson. He served as "presidente politico militar" from 1901 to 1902. With the capture of Pres.
    and Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo in Palanan, Isabela and the defeat of most of the Filipino armed
    forces all over the country, the Americans began to put up a network of local government units.
    The municipality of Malolos was re-organized, composed of the districts of Malolos, Barasoain
    and Santa Isabel. Appointed "presidente municipal" or town mayor was Ramon Gonzalez de
    Leon of Sitio Tampoy, (grandfather of TV host Joey de Leon) one of the original members of the
    Katipunan Balangay Apuy. He was in the post for two years, 1903 to 1905. He and the nine
    others who followed him were all appointive officials. When the Philippines became a
    commonwealth, Leon Valencia was elected mayor in 1937, the first ever elected. Diosdado
    Dimagiba succeeded him in 1940 but had to vacate the position because of the Japanese
    conquest. Also in this period, the Malolos Municipal Hall facing the Malolos Church was built, in
    a manner of Neo-Classical Roman Style.[12]
     During Japanese Occupation
    The Japanese appointed two "punong bayan" or mayors, Luis Peralta and Ignacio Tapang. After
    the joint US and Philippine Commonwealth armed forces liberated Malolos in March 1945,
    Adonis P. Maclang of the guerrillas' Bulacan Military Area was appointed guerrilla mayor of the
    town, before battle for the liberation of Bulacan, the local Filipino forces of the 3rd and 32nd
    Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and 3rd Constabulary Regiment of the
    Philippine Constabulary was liberated in Malolos to helping the local guerrilla resistance fighters
    of the Bulacan Guerrilla Unit and American troops of the U.S. Army against the Japanese in
    1945 at the end of World War II, followed by the appointment of Isberto Crisostomo as civilian
    town mayor in 1946. The first post-war election was held in 1946 and Carlos Maclang was
    elected mayor.

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