The Capacity F On Dry Surface or Soil
The Capacity F On Dry Surface or Soil
The Capacity F On Dry Surface or Soil
CHAPTER IV
The maximum rate at which the soil in any given condition is capable of
absorbing water is called infiltration capacity fc. The capacity f on dry surface or soil
condition begins with a high rate f0 initially and decreases to a fairly steady state fc as
the rain continues.
Infiltration capacity (cm/hr) also is define as the maximum rate at which a given soil at a
given time can absorb water.
Infiltration Rate –is the infiltration rate at any time (t) from the beginning of rainfall.
1. Intensity of Rainfall
2. Duration of Rainfall
3. Temperature
4. Soil Characteristics
5. Vegetative cover
6. Urban areas
7. Entrapped Air in Soil Pores
8. Turbidity of Water
9. Compaction of Soil
10. Depth of Surface Detention and Thickness of Saturated Layer
MEASUREMENT OF INFILTRATION
P−R
ɸ= where; P - Precipitation; R - Runoff and t – effective duration when
t
rainfall intensity is greater than ɸ index.
P−R−I
ɸ = where; P - Precipitation; R – Runoff; I – Initial losses and t –
t
effective duration when rainfall intensity is greater than ɸ index. It gives also the
better idea about infiltration rate.
EXAMPLE:
1. The rainfall in the three successive 8 hours period is 1.6, 5.4, 4.1 cm. if the initial
loss is 0.6 cm and the surface runoff resulting from the storm is 4.7 cm, then ɸ-
index and w-index?