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    Complex Cognitive Process PDF

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    fatin marlia
    This document discusses complex cognitive processes including conceptual understanding, reasoning, critical thinking, problem solving, and decision making. It defines key concepts such as conceptual categorization, hypothesis testing, prototype matching, inductive and deductive reasoning. The document also examines critical thinking in schools and adolescence. Problem solving techniques like means-end analysis are presented. Factors that can impact complex thinking like confirmation bias, fixation, lack of motivation and transfer of knowledge are also summarized.

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    Complex Cognitive Process PDF

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    93 views33 pages
    This document discusses complex cognitive processes including conceptual understanding, reasoning, critical thinking, problem solving, and decision making. It defines key concepts such as conceptual categorization, hypothesis testing, prototype matching, inductive and deductive reasoning. The document also examines critical thinking in schools and adolescence. Problem solving techniques like means-end analysis are presented. Factors that can impact complex thinking like confirmation bias, fixation, lack of motivation and transfer of knowledge are also summarized.

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    This document discusses complex cognitive processes including conceptual understanding, reasoning, critical thinking, problem solving, and decision making. It defines key concepts such as conceptual categorization, hypothesis testing, prototype matching, inductive and deductive reasoning. The document also examines critical thinking in schools and adolescence. Problem solving techniques like means-end analysis are presented. Factors that can impact complex thinking like confirmation bias, fixation, lack of motivation and transfer of knowledge are also summarized.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    93 views33 pages

    Complex Cognitive Process PDF

    Uploaded by

    fatin marlia
    This document discusses complex cognitive processes including conceptual understanding, reasoning, critical thinking, problem solving, and decision making. It defines key concepts such as conceptual categorization, hypothesis testing, prototype matching, inductive and deductive reasoning. The document also examines critical thinking in schools and adolescence. Problem solving techniques like means-end analysis are presented. Factors that can impact complex thinking like confirmation bias, fixation, lack of motivation and transfer of knowledge are also summarized.

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    Complex Cognitive Process

    Fatin Marlia binti Mohd Maulana


    MPP181117
    Conceptual Understanding
    • Concept
    • Hierarchical Categorization and Concept Maps
    • Hypothesis Testing
    • Prototype Matching
    Concept
    • Is a group objects, events and characteristics on the basic
    of common properties. It helps us to simplify, summarize
    and organize information
    Hierarchical Categorization and Concept
    Maps
    • Is important because once a concept is categorized it can
    take on characteristic and features from being a member
    of a category.
    • A concept map is a visual presentation of a concept's
    connection and hierarchical organization.
    Example of a concept map
    Hypothesis Testing
    • Specific assumptions and predictions that can be tested
    to determine their accuracy
    • Students benefit from the pratice of developing
    hypotheses about what a conceptis and is not.
    Prototype Matching
    • individual decide whether an item is a member of a
    category by comparing it with the most typical items of the
    category
    Example of Prototype Matching
    What is Thinking?
    • Thinking involves manipulating and transforming
    information in memory.
    • We think to conceptualize, reason, critique, decide, create
    and solve problem
    Executive Function
    • An umbrella-like concept that encompasses a number of
    higher-level cognitive processes linked to the
    development of the brain's prefrontal cortex.
    • Involves managing one's thought to engage in one goal-
    directed behaviour and exercise self-control.
    Reasoning
    • Is a logical thinking that uses induction and deduction to
    reach a conclusion
    • Inductive Reasoning: involves reasoning from the
    specific to the general. That is consist of drawing
    conclusion about all members of a category based on
    observing only some of its member.
    • Deductive Reasoning: Is the process of making a logical
    argument by applying known facts, definition, properties,
    and the laws of logic
    Critical Thinking
    • Mindfulness
    • Critical Thinking In Schools
    • Critical Thinking in Adolescene
    • Technology and Critical Thinking
    Mindfulness
    • Means being alert, mentally present, and cognitively
    flexible while going through life's everyday activities and
    tasks.
    • Mindfulness student create new ideas, are open to new
    information, and are aware of more than one perspective.
    Critical Thinking In Schools
    • Some ways teachers can consciously build critical
    thinking into their students in schools
    - Ask not only what happened but also 'how' and 'why'
    -Examine supposed 'facts' to determine whether there is
    evidence support them
    -Argue in a reasoned why rather than through emotions
    - Compare various answers to a question and judge which
    is really the best answer
    Critical Thinking In Adolescence
    • If a solid base of fundamental skills is nit developed
    during childhood, critical thinking skills are unlikely to
    mature in adolesence
    • Several cognitive changes occur during adolescene as
    shown below;
    -Increase speed, automaticity, and capacity of information
    processing, which frees cognitive resources for other
    purposes
    -More knowledge in a variety of domains
    - An increase ability tp construct new combination of
    knowledge
    Decision Making
    o Is thinking that involves evaluating alternatives and
    choosing among them
    Bias and Flaws
    • Confirmation Bias
    • Belief Perserverance
    • Overconfidence Bias
    • Hindsight Bias
    Creative Thinking
    • Steps in the creative process
    vPreparation
    vIncubation
    vInsight
    vEvaluation
    vElaboration
    Problem Solving
    Steps In Problem Solving
    1) Find and Frame Problems
    -Recognize or identify problems
    -Explore and Refine Problems
    Steps In Problem Solving
    2) Develop good problem solving strategies
    - Subgoaling
    -Algorithm
    -Heuristics
    * Mean-end analysis
    • Fixation
    It involves prior strategy and failing to look at problem from
    a new perspective

    Types of Fixation
    ØFunctional Fixedness
    ØMental Set
    Lack Of Motivation And Persistence
    Inadequate Emotional Control
    Transfer
    What is Transfer
    • Occurs when a person applies previous experiences and
    knowledge to learning or problem solving in a new
    situation
    • If a student learn concept in math and then use this
    concept to solve a problem in science, transfer has
    occured.
    Types Of Transfer

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