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UNIT-I

1. Define Knee Voltage of a diode

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The minimum voltage at which the diode starts conducting and current starts increasing

Exponentially is called knee voltage of a diode.

2. What is peak inverse voltage

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In reverse biased, opposite polarity voltage appears across diode. The maximum voltage which diode
can withstand without breakdown is called peak inverse voltage.

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3. Differentiate drift and diffusion current

When a voltage is applied to a material, the free electrons move towards the positive of the battery.

While moving them collide with the adjacent atoms and keep changing their directions randomly.

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In case of diffusion current, the external voltage is not required.
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4. What is a PN Junction diode

There are two electrodes each from p-type and n-type materials and due to these two electrodes; the
device is called a diode. It conducts only in one direction.
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5. Compare series and shunt regulator

Shut regulator Series regulator

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1. The control element is in parallel The control element is in series with the load

With the load

2. Only small current passes through The entire load current is always passes through

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The control element, which is required the control element.

To be diverted to keep output constant.

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6. What are the advantages of bridge rectifier over its centre tapped counterpart?

No centre tap is required in the transformer secondary. Hence, wherever possible a.c

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Voltage can be directly applied to the bridge.
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Due to pure alternating current in secondary of transformer, the transformer gets utilized effectively.

7. What is meant by dynamic resistance of diode

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The resistance offered by the p-n junction diode under a.c condtions is called dynamic resistance of
diode.
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8. Differentiate between zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown.

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Zener Breakdown Avalanche Breakdown

1. The temperature coefficient is negative The temperature coefficient is

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Positive

2. This occurs for zener diodes with Vz less This occurs for zener diodes with
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Than 6V Vz greater than 6V

9. Calculate the speed of electron when is falls by a potential of 300 k volts

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Speed of electron V = 2Qv m/s

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Q = charge on electron = 1.6*10 c

M = mass of electron = 9.107*10 kg

V = 2*1.6*10*30010 = 324.8*10

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9.107*10

10. What are the advantage and limitations of LCD Displays

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-Less power consumption is the advantage of LCD displays.

-Poor reliability is the limitation of LCD Display.

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11. Define static and dynamic resistance of a PN diode.

The forward resistance of p-n junction diode when p-n junction is used in d.c

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Circuit and the applied forward voltage is d.c. is called static resistance
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The resistance offered by the p-n junction diode under a.c. conditions is called

dynamic Resistance of diode.

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12. What is LED? Draw its symbol
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LED is a light emitting diode which emits light when forward biased.
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SRI VIDYA COLLEGE OF ENGG & TECH QUESTION BANK UNIT 2
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1. Calculate β of a transistor when α = 0.98

Β = α/1-α = 0.98/1-0.98 = 49

2. Among CE,CB and CC configurations, which one is the popular? Why?

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The CE configuration is widely used because it provides both voltage gain as well as current gain

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greater than unity.

3. Draw the circuit of NPN transistor in CB configuration?

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4. What are power transistors? List it’s applications.
Power transistors are designed for power amplification which means that the operating voltage and
must be large.

Applications:
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1. They are used in switching power supplies.

2. They are used in audio power amplifiers.
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5. What is the relation between IB,IE and IC in CB configuration?

Emitter current IE=IB+IC

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6. Name the operating modes of a transistor?

1.Cut off
2.Active
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3.Saturation

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7. What are hybrid parameters
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h11= Vi/Ii| V0 = 0 h21 = I0/Ii|V0=0

h12 = Vi/V0| I0 = 0 h22 = I0/V0|Ii=0

8. What is the application of optocoupler?

The application of optocoupler is to provide electrical isolation between
input and output circuit.

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9. Draw the h-parameter equivalent circuit of a CE BJT configuration?

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10. Give the hie and hoe equations of BJT

hie = ∆VBE/∆IB|VCE Constant

hoe= ∆Ic//∆Vc|IB Constant

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11. When does a transistor acts as a switch?

The transistor acts as a switch when it is operated at either cutoff region or

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saturation region.
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www.padeepz.net UNIT-III
UNIT,,,

1. Mention the disadvantages of FET compared to BJT.

1. FET is a voltage controlled device
2. Less sensitivity to changes in applied voltage

2. Define pinch off voltage of a FET

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The substrate is of p-type material on to which an n-type channel is epitaxially grown. A p-

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type gate is then diffused into the n-type channel.

3. What is MOSFET? Name its types.

MOSFET is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor

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Its types are depletion and enhancement type

4. Compare JFET with BJT.

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1. Control element Current controlled device Voltage controlled device
2. Configurations CE, CB and CC CC,CG, CD
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5. Mention the operating modes of MOSFET.
The two operating modes are
1) Depletion Mode
2) Enhancement Mode
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6. Why FET is called as “Voltage operated device”?

The voltage applied between gate and source (VGS) controls the drain current ID
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Therefore, FET is a voltage controlled device

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7. Define : Amplification factor in JFET

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VDS
Amplification factor = -----------
VQS ID Constant

= rd x gm

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 8. Give any two differences between E-MOSFET and D-MOSFET.
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E-MOSFET D-MOSFET
Channel is physically
1. Channel Exists Permanently absent
Can be operated in
2. Operation depletion Can only be operated in
mode as well as enhance enhance mode

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mode

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SRI VIDYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION BANK UNIT IV
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1. List the advantages of crystal oscillator

The advantages of crystal oscillator are
a) Excellent frequency stability
b) High frequency of operation
c) Atomatic amplitude control

2. What are the classifications of oscillators?

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According to the type of circuit used, sine wave oscillators may be classified

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as 1)RC oscillators
2)LC oscillators

3. What is the difference between Amplifier and oscillator?

-> Amplifiers are circuits which transfer an input signal into an output signal.

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-> Oscillators produce a steady state signal e.g a square wave signal or a

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sinusoidal signal.

4. What are the advantages of differential Amplifier?

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A differential amplifier helps to increase the CMRR which in turn helps avoid unwanted signals that
couple into the input to get propagated. It also helps to increase the signal to noise ratio.

6. State Barkhausen criteria.

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The essential conditions for maintaining oscillators are AB=11 i.e the magnitude of loop gain
must be unity.

1. The total phase shift around the closed loop is zero or 360 degrees.
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7. Mention any two high frequency LC oscillators.

1. Hartley oscillator
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2. Colpitts oscillator

8. Name the type of feedback amplifiers

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1. Voltage series feedback amplifier

2. Voltage series feedback amplifier
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3. Voltage series feedback amplifier

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4. Voltage series feedback amplifier

9. Why LC oscillators are not preferred to generate low frequency signals

even though they have higher frequency stability compared to RC Phase

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shift .

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oscillator?
At the low frequency, the value of L required in the circuit for generating
low frequency signals is very large as frequency is inversely proportional to
the value of L.

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