Alcohol Biosensors Alcohol Biosensors: Kathy Jung, PHD Niaaa Kathy Jung, PHD Niaaa
Alcohol Biosensors Alcohol Biosensors: Kathy Jung, PHD Niaaa Kathy Jung, PHD Niaaa
Alcohol Biosensors Alcohol Biosensors: Kathy Jung, PHD Niaaa Kathy Jung, PHD Niaaa
Kathy Jung, PhD
NIAAA
Advisory Council to the
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
September 11, 2014
SCRAM
Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitor
• Transdermal alcohol testing
• Tamper‐resistant
• Court‐mandated
• Readings every 30 minutes,
uploaded daily
• Good success rate at
enforcing abstinence
E. Bryant
Uses for alcohol biosensors
• Criminal justice system
• Alcohol research
• Public safety‐ pilots, Metro drivers, doctors, police
• Medical conditions in which alcohol is a
confounding factor; HIV patients + HAART
• Pregnant women
• To monitor relapse
What is needed to improve upon current alcohol monitors?
• Wearable, comfortable, inconspicuous, inexpensive.
• Ability to remove for activity (depending on application)
• Subject identification:
Biometric, facial, or voice recognition
• GPS (when needed)
• Ability to interpret, transmit, and record data.
• Ability to verify standardization and functionality.
• Power source‐ dependable, rechargeable.
• Microelectronic miniaturization
Many of these aspects are available in devices that are on the
market, but not with alcohol detection.
Wearable, discreet, compact Alcohol detection technology
Able to record, to send a signal to a • Electrochemical fuel cell
readable device • Near infrared
Subject identification • Mid‐range infrared
Face, biometric signature • Semiconductor
Miniaturization of electronics
Light source
Power source
Wearable, discreet, compact…
• This generation self‐monitors their every
physiological parameter.
• Fit‐bit, Jawbone
• Heart monitors, oximeters
• Cell phone apps…for everything
Cell phone apps for measuring alcohol
Drinkaware‐ information app
Breathometer
iBAC from Alcometer
BacTrack
Alcohoot
Alcohol detection technology
1) Wearable
Continuous Alcohol Monitoring (CAM)
WrisTAS , Giner, Inc.
Ankle bracelet Wrist bracelet
What can CAMs do?
“Validity of Transdermal Alcohol Monitoring”
Sakai et al. (2006)
BrAC vs SCRAM (AMS)
Delay
~ 130 mins
Delay
~ 180 mins
Gentry
Alcohol detection technology
2) Transportation safety
AutoLiv Mid‐range Infrared Breath Alcohol: EtOH / CO2
ServoTek Near Infrared Breath Alcohol: EtOH / H2O
TruTouch Near Infrared Tissue Alcohol
Vehicular interlock in development
by AutoLiv and TruTouch
Alcogate by ServoTek
Alcohol detection technology
3) Workplace safety
Near infrared technology
Non‐invasive
No consumables
Tissue measurement
Rapid
Gentry
Bi‐Geo also markets workplace devices.
Wearable, discreet, compact Alcohol detection technology
Able to record, to send a signal to a • Electrochemical fuel cell
readable device • Near infrared
Subject identification • Mid‐range infrared
Face, biometric signature • Semiconductor
Miniaturization of electronics
Light source
Power source
Important issues
• Detection limits
• Validation
• Regulatory requirements
• Standardization of devices
• Reliability assurance in the field
Power source, detector, battery life
Uses for alcohol biosensors
• Criminal justice system
• Alcohol research
• Public safety‐ pilots, Metro drivers, doctors, police
• Medical conditions in which alcohol is a
confounding factor; HIV patients + HAART
• Pregnant women
• To monitor relapse
Mechanisms
Requests for Application (RFA)
Program Announcements (PA)
R & D Contracts
Prize Competition
Acknowledgements
George Koob
Tom Gentry
Changhai Cui
Marcia Scott
Yedi Israel
FL Dammann
Kendall Bryant
Trish Powell
Erin Bryant
John Bowersox
Concept clearance
SBIR/STTR topics
IND‐enabling research
• Medications development and device development
Treatment of alcoholism
• Pharmaceutical discovery/development
• Innovative therapeutic approaches
• Prevention strategies
• Therapies for co‐morbid conditions, including organ
damage
Health Services
• Advances for Alcohol‐Related Problems
• Diagnostic Assessments of Alcohol Use Disorders and Comorbidity
SBIR/STTR topics
Development of novel technologies or methods
• To detect the effects of alcohol on CNS structure and activities
• To prevent harmful drinking during pregnancy, to identify prenatal
alcohol exposure, and to enhance outcomes of individuals with Fetal
Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
• Tools for alcohol‐related laboratory studies, including animal strains,
cell lines, stem cells, in vitro techniques, neuroimaging ligands, or
computational tools
• Voice technology, cell phones, transdermal monitors
What can CAMs do?
(data provided by AMS)
Data set for Period: Jan 1 – May 14, 2013 (133 days)
‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Participants ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐
What happened to Loss of Control ?
(in study period)
(Demonstrated Sobriety every day)
‐ ‐ ‐ Days ‐ ‐ ‐
(Days of demonstrated Sobriety)
Gentry
Gentry
What can we learn from the Placebo Effect ?
Pill taking itself
Meeting with medical professional
Advice to attend AA
Optimism about medication effect
Medical Management
Pills No pills
Combined Behavioral Intervention
Acampro Acampro
Placebo Acampro Naloxone Placebo Acampro Naloxone No pills Means
Naloxone Naloxone
BaseLine (Table 1)
24.3 29.8 24.6 22.9 24.3 23.7 25.3 26.8 23.5 25.0
% Days Abstinent
Treatment (Table 5)
73.8 80.0 75.6 80.5 79.8 75.9 78.3 77.6 66.6 76.5
% Days Abstinent
Percent Increase in
% Days Abstinent
204% 168% 207% 252% 228% 220% 209% 190% 183% 206%
Medical Management (Access to health care professional, one‐on‐one)
Pill groups: 9 sessions – weeks: 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16 first 45, then 20 min
No‐Pill group: 4 sessions – to assess liver function, provide health care advice
CBI behavioral health specialists: CBT, 12‐step, MI “up to twenty 50‐min sessions”
Gentry