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    Cprt41a. Exercise 2. Insect Orders and Their Distinguishing Features PDF

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    APPLE MAE Jimeno
    This document provides an overview of insect orders and their distinguishing features to help with identification. It lists the 15 major orders of insects, describing characteristics like mouthpart type, antenna structure, wing presence/structure, and leg morphology. An identification key is also included to allow classification of unknown insect specimens to the order level based on these distinguishing traits. The objective is for students to learn to distinguish orders of economic importance and use taxonomic keys for identification.

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    Cprt41a. Exercise 2. Insect Orders and Their Distinguishing Features PDF

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    APPLE MAE Jimeno
    597 views37 pages
    This document provides an overview of insect orders and their distinguishing features to help with identification. It lists the 15 major orders of insects, describing characteristics like mouthpart type, antenna structure, wing presence/structure, and leg morphology. An identification key is also included to allow classification of unknown insect specimens to the order level based on these distinguishing traits. The objective is for students to learn to distinguish orders of economic importance and use taxonomic keys for identification.

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    CPRT41A. EXERCISE 2. INSECT ORDERS AND THEIR DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.pdf

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    This document provides an overview of insect orders and their distinguishing features to help with identification. It lists the 15 major orders of insects, describing characteristics like mouthpart type, antenna structure, wing presence/structure, and leg morphology. An identification key is also included to allow classification of unknown insect specimens to the order level based on these distinguishing traits. The objective is for students to learn to distinguish orders of economic importance and use taxonomic keys for identification.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    597 views37 pages

    Cprt41a. Exercise 2. Insect Orders and Their Distinguishing Features PDF

    Uploaded by

    APPLE MAE Jimeno
    This document provides an overview of insect orders and their distinguishing features to help with identification. It lists the 15 major orders of insects, describing characteristics like mouthpart type, antenna structure, wing presence/structure, and leg morphology. An identification key is also included to allow classification of unknown insect specimens to the order level based on these distinguishing traits. The objective is for students to learn to distinguish orders of economic importance and use taxonomic keys for identification.

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    of 37

    CPRT41A: PRINCIPLES OF CROP PROTECTION

    ARTHROPODS AND VERTEBRATE PESTS


    LABORATORY EXERCISE 2

    INSECT ORDERS AND THEIR


    DISTINGUISHING FEATURES
    Prepared by:
    RYAN CHRISTIAN B. GUIRITAN
    Faculty, Department of Entomology
    Central Mindanao University

    Contributed some slides:


    QUIZZA PEARL E. COSMO
    Faculty, Department of Entomology
    CLASS INSECTA

    • composed of so many species with diverse morphological


    features and behaviors.
    • divided into two subclasses based on the absence or
    presence of wings.
    – Apterygota: wingless insects
    – Pterygota: winged insects, although some orders of Pterygota lack
    wings, their wingless condition is a secondary one.

    The two subclasses are further subdivided into orders. The orders are differentiated
    based on their forms, venation and structure of wings, type of mouthparts, type of
    metamorphosis other special characteristics and peculiarities.
    ORDER ORTHOPTERA

    Grasshopper Katydid

    Cricket Mole crickets


    ORDER ORTHOPTERA
    (grasshoppers, crickets, mole crickets, katydids)

    • Chewing mouthparts
    • Body elongated
    • Filiform antennae
    • Many species have developed cerci and long ovipositor
    • Tegmen forewings: long, narrow and many veined,
    somewhat thickened and leathery; membranous hind
    wings, triangular in shape like a fan under forewings when
    at rest
    • Grasshoppers and crickets have jumping (saltatorial) hind
    legs; mole crickets have rake-like (fossorial) forelegs for
    digging
    ORDER HEMIPTERA

    True bug Aphids Mealy bug


    ORDER HEMIPTERA
    (true bugs, leafhoppers, aphids, mealy bugs, scale insects)

    • Piercing-sucking mouthparts with base attached to more


    anterior portion of the head
    • Filiform or setaceous antennae
    • Winged members of heterpoterans (true bugs) have two
    pairs: forewings thickened at the base and membranous
    distally (hemelytron); hind wings membranous
    • Winged members of homopterans (aphids, mealy bugs)
    have two pairs, which are uniformly membranous
    ORDER THYSANOPTERA

    Thrips
    ORDER THYSANOPTERA
    (thrips)

    • Rasping-sucking mouthparts
    • Filiform antennae
    • If wings are present, they are fringed with long hairs
    • Minute, slender-bodies
    ORDER LEPIDOPTERA

    Butterfly Moth
    ORDER LEPIDOPTERA
    (moths, butterflies)

    • Siphoning mouthparts
    • Bipectinate or clavate antennae
    • Winged members have four wings covered with
    overlapping scales
    • Actively feeding immatures are caterpillar-like
    ORDER COLEOPTERA

    Different kinds of Beetles

    PHOTOS are access from GOOLE .COM


    ORDER COLEOPTERA
    (beetles, weevils)

    • Chewing mouthparts
    • Lamellate or variable antennas
    • Forewings thick and hard called elytra; hindwings
    membranous, folded beneath elytra
    • Immature grub-like, worm-like or legless (weevils)
    ORDER HYMENOPTERA

    Honeybee

    Wasp

    Ant
    ORDER HYMENOPTERA
    (bees, wasps, ants)

    • Mouthparts chewing or chewing-lapping


    • Winged forms have two pairs; membranous hindwings
    smaller than forewings and have a row of tiny hooks
    (hamuli) for coupling with forewings to synchronize
    movement
    • Antennae long, often bend at the base like a knee
    (geniculate)
    • Ovipositor modified into a sting
    ORDER DIPTERA

    House fly Fruitfly

    PHOTOS are access from GOOLE .COM Mosquito


    ORDER DIPTERA
    (flies, mosquitoes)

    • Mouthparts sponging or piercing-sucking


    • Aristate or variable antenna
    • Forewings well-developed but with few veins; hindwings
    called halters, slender and knobbed at tip
    • Immatures mostly worm-like and called maggots
    ORDER NEUROPTERA

    Lacewing

    Lacewing egg

    PHOTOS are access from GOOLE .COM


    ORDER NEUROPTERA
    (lacewings, antlions)

    • Mouthparts chewing; mostly soft-bodied


    • Filiform or moniliform antennae
    • With two pairs of membranous wings that usually have
    many cross veins and extra branches of longitudinal veins
    ORDER ODONATA

    Damselfly Dragonfly

    PHOTOS are access from GOOLE .COM


    ORDER ODONATA
    (dragonflies, damselflies)

    • Chewing mouthparts
    • Setaceous antennae
    • Wings elongated and membranous; abdomen long and
    slender
    • Compound eyes large, many faceted and occupying most
    of the head
    ORDER DERMAPTERA

    Earwig

    PHOTOS are access from GOOLE .COM


    ORDER DERMAPTERA
    (earwigs)

    • Chewing mouthparts
    • Filiform antennae
    • A pair of forceps-like cerci
    • Forewings short, leathery (tegmen) and veinless; hindwings
    membranous
    ORDER MANTODEA

    Praying mantids

    PHOTOS are access from GOOLE .COM


    ORDER MANTODEA
    (mantids)

    • Chewing mouthparts
    • Filiform antennae
    • Forewings tegmen; hind wings membranous
    • Grasping (raptorial) forelegs
    ORDER BLATTODEA

    Termites with wings

    Coachroaches

    PHOTOS are access from GOOLE .COM Termites


    ORDER BLATTODEA
    (cockroaches, termites)

    • Chewing mouthparts
    • Filiform or moniliform antennae
    • Body dorso-ventrally flattened, pronotum shield-like (for
    cockroaches)
    • Walking/running (cursorial) forelegs
    • Forewings tegmen; hind wings membranous (for
    cockroaches)
    • Two pairs of similar wings (for termites)
    ORDER PHASMATODEA

    Walking stick Leaf insect


    ORDER PHASMATODEA
    (walking sticks, leaf insects)

    • Chewing mouthparts
    • Filiform antennae
    • Winged members have a tegmen forewings and
    membranous hind wings
    • Body twig-like or leaf-like
    OBJECTIVES
    At the end of this laboratory exercise, the students should be
    able to
    – Distinguish the different orders of economic importance
    – Explain how to use the taxonomic key in identifying the orders of
    insects of economic importance.
    MATERIALS
    The students are expected to prepare the following materials:
    – Unknown insect specimens belonging to different orders
    – Forceps and hand lens
    ACTIVITY

    • Using the dichotomous/taxonomic key provided, identify the specimens up


    to order level. Run through the key in steps and start with number 1. Each
    number has two choices, one of which should apply to the specimen.
    There is either a number or name at the end of the line.
    • If the description fits the specimen and the identification number is stated
    at the end of the line, then there is no need to go through the rest of the
    key.
    • Continue running through the key if the next number is indicated as the
    second alternative.
    • Refer back to the taxonomic key for misidentified specimen.
    • In a tabular form, indicate the common name, type of mouthparts,
    antennae, wings and legs of each specimen examined and identified.
    Key to Orders of Adult Insects of Economic Importance
    (adapted from UPLB CA CP 1 Lab Manual, Undated)
    1 Wings present ………………………………………………………….................................. 2
    Wings absent ………………………………………………………………………………….. 15

    2 Wings scaly; mouthparts siphoning (butterflies, moths)…………………………………….. LEPIDOPTERA


    Wings not scaly; mouthparts not siphoning …………………………………………………… 3

    3 With one pair of functional wings; 2nd pair reduced (haltere) (house flies) DIPTERA
    ……………………………………………………………...

    With two pairs of functional wings ……………………………………………………………. 4

    4 Hind wings distinctly smaller than forewings, with hamuli (bees, wasps) HYMENOPTER
    …………………………………………………………… A
    (in part)
    Hind wings larger or approximately the same with forewings, without hamuli 5
    ………………………………………………………….

    5 Mouthparts chewing ………………………………………………………………………….. 6


    Mouthparts sucking …………………………………………………………………………… 14

    6 Tip of abdomen with forceps-like cerci (earwigs) …………………………………………. DERMAPTERA


    Tip of abdomen without forceps-like cerci ………………………………………………… 7
    7 Forewings hard, without veins (elytron) (beetles, weevils) …….. COLEOPTERA
    Forewings membranous or tegmen ……………………………….. 8

    8 With a pair of modified legs – jumping hind legs or digging forelegs ORTHOPTERA
    (grasshoppers, katydids, crickets, mole crickets) ……..
    All legs of the same type (running/walking) or if forelegs modified, not 9
    digging type …………………………………………..

    9 Forewings with nodus and stigma ………………………………….. ODONATA


    Forewings without nodus and stigma ……………………………… 10

    10 Body stick-like or leaf-like (walking sticks, leaf insects) …………. PHASMATODEA


    (in part)
    Body not stick-like or leaf-like ………………………………………... 11

    11 Forelegs grasping (praying mantis) ………………………………… MANTODEA


    Forelegs not grasping ………………………………………………… 12

    12 Body dorso-ventrally flattened; pronotum shield-like (cockroaches) BLATTODEA


    …………………………………………………………. (in part)
    Body cylindrical, not dorso-ventrally flattened; pronotum not shield-like 13
    …………………………………………………………………
    13 Wings with few cross-veins; tarsi 4-segmented (termites) ……… BLATTODEA
    (in part)
    Wings with numerous cross-veins; tarsi 5-segmented (antlions,
    lacewings) …………………………………………………………… NEUROPTERA

    14 Forewings fringe type (thrips) ………………………………………. THYSANOPTERA


    Forewings hemelytron or fully membranous (pigmented or not HEMIPTERA
    pigmented) (true bugs, cicada, aphids, leafhoppers) ………… (in part)

    15 Body stick-like (walking sticks) ……………………………………. PHASMATODEA


    (in part)
    Body not stick-like …………………………………………………… 16

    16 Antennae filiform (aphids, mealy bugs, scale insects)…………. HEMIPTERA


    (in part)
    Antennae moniliform (termites) …………………………………….. ISOPTERA
    (in part)
    Antennae geniculate (ants) ………………………………………… HYMENOPTERA
    (in part)
    LAB. OUTPUTS LAB. EXERCISE
    LABORATORY OUTPUTS

    • COLLECT FOUR (4) SPECIMENS WITH DIFFERENT


    ORDERS
    • TAKE A PHOTO WITH YOUR NAME (nice photo) and paste
    in the box provided in Lab. Output worksheets

    Example:

    COMMON NAME: DRAGONFLY


    ORDER: ODONATA
    TYPE OF MOUTHPARTS: CHEWING MOUTHPARTS
    TYPE OF ANTENNAE: SETACEOUS
    TYPE OF WINGS: FOREWING (MEBRANOUS)
    HINDWING (MEMBRANOUS)
    LABORATORY EXERCISE 2
    • 1. Identify the Unknown SPECIMEN provided in the PDF (that is send in your google
    classroom)
    • 2. Using the taxonomic key identify into order level.
    Example: Key to Orders of Adult Insects of Economic Importance
    (adapted from UPLB CA CP 1 Lab Manual, Undated)

    1. 1 Wings present …………………………………………………. 2


    Wings absent ………………………………………………… 15

    2 Wings scaly; mouthparts siphoning (butterflies, LEPIDOPTERA


    moths)……………
    Wings not scaly; mouthparts not siphoning …………………… 3
    answer sheet
    INA NION PAG
    ANSWER CLASS!!!!
    UNKNOWN ORDER
    IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
    (COMMON NAME)

    1 BUTTERFLY 1-2 LEPIDOPTERA

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