SCIENCE 7

Module 1F – Week 4
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION:
Drawing Conclusions &
Communicating Results
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

What I Need to Know ……………………………………………………..... 1

What I Know ……………………………………………………….. 2
What’s In ……………………………………………………….. 5
What’s New ……………………………………………………….. 6
What is It ……………………………………………………….. 7
Drawing a Conclusion ........………………………………………….. 7
Theory ……………………………………………………….. 7
Law ……………………………………………………….. 7
Communicating Results ..…………………………………………….. 8
What’s More ……………………………………………………... 8
What I Have Learned ……………………………………………………… 10
What Can I Do ……………………………………………………….. 11
Assessment ……………………………………………………….. 12
Additional Activities ……………………………………………………….. 15
Answer Key ……………………………………………………….. 16
References ……………………………………………………….. 17
 What I Need to Know

The second to the last step of the scientific method is to state

your conclusion. Conclusions in science are reliable, although it is
tentative; science is always a work in progress. Scientific conclusions
are tentative because all ideas are open to examination for further
improvement.

Drawing conclusion is utilizing information that is implied to

make meaning out of what is not clarified. When a conclusion is drawn, the
validity of the conclusions and the research findings will be presented. On the
other hand, communicating results is the sharing of results to others and
allowing them to scrutinize your work for further enhancement.

After going through this module, you are expected to describe the
components of a scientific investigation (S7MT-Ia-1).

Specifically, you are also expected to:

1. differentiate law from theory;

2. formulate a conclusion; and
3. relate the importance of communicating results in solving problems to
others.

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the last two steps in Scientific Method: Drawing a Conclusion and
Communicating Results. The scope of this module permits you to use
different learning situations. You have to extend your patience in
understanding and analyzing what you are reading. Follow the directions
in the activities and answer the given test and exercises properly.

1
 What I Know

Before starting this module, you will be answering questions

to determine what you already know about drawing conclusions
and communicating results.

I. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers
in your Science activity notebook.

1. How do you call the part of the Scientific Method that uses the data to help
explain the results of the experiment?
A. observation C. conclusion
B. hypothesis D. purpose
2. Which of the following scientific skills is used when making conclusions?
A. observe C. inquiry
B. predict D. infer
3. Which of the following is the last step in the scientific method?
A. doing background research C. communicating results
B. constructing a hypothesis D. asking a question
4. How do you describe the purpose of a conclusion in the scientific method?
A. It gives sources of information to help the investigation.
B. It states an expected outcome of the investigation.
C. It states whether the data supports the hypothesis.
D. It explains the reason for doing the investigation.
5. Why is communication an important part of the scientific process?
A. It means results do not need to be confirmed.
B. It ensures that nobody makes mistakes.
C. It helps science progress more quickly.
D. It limits the flow of secret information.
6. Why do scientists communicate different results about the same topic?
A. The results of scientific experiments can never be reproduced.
B. Scientific data can be interpreted in different ways.
C. Scientists support only their own opinions.
D. Not all scientists use scientific methods.
7. What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
A. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw
conclusions, analyze the results, and communicate results.
B. Ask a question, analyze the results, make a hypothesis, test
the hypothesis, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
C. Make hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze the results, ask
a question, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
D. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis,
analyze results, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
8. Which is NOT a step in the scientific method?
A. data collection and analysis C. forming a bias
B. experimentation D. observation
9. When you decide whether or not the data supports the original hypothesis,
you are .
A. drawing conclusions C. making observations
B. forming a hypothesis D. asking questions
10. Scientific studies must have clear and transparent methods so that
the studies are .
A. reproducible C. logical
B. methodical D. biased

II. True or False

For items 11 – 15, identify whether the statement is True or False. Write A if
the statement is True, and B if it is False.

11. Observable, repeatable and measurable are the factors to be considered

in order for a problem to be studied in science.
12. Hypothesis, procedure and data must be considered in order
to understand the conclusion of an experiment.

13. Inference is an observation and a universal negative.

14. The conclusion is the summary that tells us if our experimental

data supports our hypothesis.

15. A conclusion states whether a hypothesis was right.

Lesson
Drawing Conclusions and
1 Communicating Results

What’s In

You will have a vocabulary drill to recall your previous lessons in which
you will unscramble the following vocabulary words and write a concise
description about the word. Write your answers in your Science activity
notebook.

Ethical Record
Procedure Variable Experiment
Observe Hypothesis Conclusion
Research Question Scientific Method
Interpret
 What’s New

Activity 1: What is in the Riddle?

Directions: Read and analyze each riddle and look for the right answer in the
box. Write your answers in your Science activity notebook.

School Cows Tiddlywinks Pigs

Chickens Hangman A Tree House Checkers

A. Some farmers have lot of these.

Roaming around.
Most of their food
They eat from the ground.
These animals are grown
For their milk or their meat.
They are big. It would hurt
If one stepped on your feet!

They are

B. It’s your move now.

This is a game that is fun.
You have lost half or your men.
Your friend’s men are red.
It is fun to double – jump.

The game is

C. “It’s my favourite place!” Stephen said.

“I love to go there. My friends are there.
I do fun things there. I even learn new things there.
It makes me sad in the summer. I don’t go there then.

The place is
 What is It

Step 6. Drawing a Conclusion

A conclusion is a
statement about the results of the
experiment. You compare the
results of the experiment with the
hypothesis. If the data supports the
hypothesis, then the hypothesis may
be the explanation for the problem. If
the data do not support the
hypothesis, then more
observations will be made, a new
hypothesis will be formed, and
the
scientific method will be used.

When a hypothesis has been tested many times under many different
conditions and has been found to explain a group of observations, the
hypothesis becomes a theory. Theories are explanations for some problems
based on observations, experimentation and reasoning. While, if the
same results have been obtained for so many times by different
scientists, the summary of these experimental results becomes a law. Laws
are summaries of many experimental results and observations. Laws are not
the same with theories because laws tell only what happens, not why it
happens.
Step 7. Communicating Results
When a conclusion is drawn, the
research can be presented to others to inform
them of the findings and receive input about
the validity of the conclusion drawn from the
research. Reporting one’s research let
other scientists repeat the investigation to
see whether they get the same results.
Getting the same results when an
experiment is repeated is called replication.
If results can be replicated, it means they are more likely to be
corrected. Replication of investigations is one way that a hypothesis
may eventually become a theory.

What’s More

Activity 2: Taking it into Practice

Directions: This activity will allow you to use steps in scientific method.
Prepare the materials and follow the procedures carefully.
In this activity, you will need the following materials: four coins of
different sizes – 10-peso, 5-peso, 1-peso and a 25-centavo, and a medicine
dropper with water.

Procedure:
1. Lay the coins one by one on a table.
2. Get a medicine dropper.
3. Fill the medicine dropper with water.
4. Drop the water in each coin one at a time.
 5. Count the number of water drops needed to fill the coins.
Stop dropping when the water spills over the coin.
6. Do the same procedure with the other coins.
7. Record the data on the table provided for.

No. of Water Drops

No. of Trials
10-peso 5-peso 1-peso 25-centavo
1
2
3
Average

Guide Questions:

1. What is the problem in this activity?

2. Formulate your hypothesis. (List down as many as possible)

3. Analyze your results. Which coin holds the greatest number of water
drops? Why?

4. What factor/s do you think has something to do with the differences in the
number of water drops a coin can hold?

5. Which of the following can you identify as the responding variable?

A. diameter of the dropper C. number of water drops

B. kind of medicine dropper D. size of the coin

6. Where should you base your conclusion or generalization? Why?

7. Share your results to 2-3 classmates and compare your conclusions

through facebook messenger or text message.

What I Have Learned

Fill in the Blanks

Directions: Using what you have learned in this module, fill in the blanks with
the correct word found in the box. Write your answers in your Science activity
notebook.

conclusion hypothesis explanations

law theory summaries

The (1) is the statement that answers the problem. When

a hypothesis has been tested many times under many different conditions and
has been found to explain a group of observations, the hypothesis becomes a
(2) . If the same results have been obtained so many times
by
different scientists, the summary of these experimental results becomes
a (3) . Theories are (4) for some phenomena based on
observations, experimentation and reasoning. While laws, are (5) of
many experimental results and observations. When a conclusion is drawn, the
research can be presented to others to inform them of the findings and
receive input about the validity of the conclusion drawn from the research.
 What I Can Do

Activity 3: Differentiate It!

Directions: Differentiate Law from Theory by completing each statement
using the words or phrases inside the box.

observed problem explanation observations

experimentation reasoning summaries

a. The difference between a scientific law and a theory is this: a

scientific law refers to a description of an (1) while
a scientific theory refers to the (2) that is given to an
observed phenomenon.

b. Theories are explanations for some phenomena based on (3)

, (4) and (5) . While laws, are (6) of many experimental
results and observations.

EXCELLENT! You are now done with all the

activities in Module 1F. Ready for the
Assessment?
 Assessment

Now, that you are done accomplishing the module, let us check your
understanding about the lesson presented in this module. Read carefully and
answer the questions given below. Choose the letter of the correct
answer and write your answers in your Science activity notebook.

I. True or False

For items 1 – 5, identify whether the statement is True or False. Write A if the
statement is True, and B if it is False.

1. Observable, repeatable and measurable are the factors to be considered in

order for a problem to be studied in science.

2. Hypothesis, procedure and data must be considered in order to understand

the conclusion of an experiment.

3. Inference is an observation and a universal negative.

4. The conclusion is the summary that tells us if our experimental data

supports our hypothesis.

5. A conclusion states whether a hypothesis was right.

II. Multiple Choice

For items 6 – 15, read carefully the following questions and choose the letter
of your answer.

6. How do you describe the purpose of a conclusion in the scientific method?

A. it gives source of information to help the investigation.
B. it states whether the data supports the hypothesis.
C. it states an expected outcome of the investigation.
D. it explains the reason for doing the investigation.
7. Why is communication an important part of the scientific process?
A. It means results do not need to be confirmed.
B. It ensures that nobody makes mistakes.
C. It helps science progress more quickly.
D. It limits the flow of secret information.
8. Why do scientists communicate different results about the same topic?
A. The results of scientific experiments can never be reproduced.
B. Scientific data can be interpreted in different ways.
C. Scientists support only their own opinions.
D. Not all scientists use scientific methods.
9. What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
A. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw
conclusions, analyze the results, and communicate results.
B. Ask a question, analyze the results, make a hypothesis, test
the hypothesis, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
C. Make hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze the results, ask
a question, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
D. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis,
analyze results, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
10. Which is NOT a step in the scientific method?
A. data collection and analysis C. forming a bias
B. experimentation D. observation
11. When you decide whether or not the data supports the original hypothesis,
you are .
A. drawing conclusions C. forming a hypothesis
B. making observations D. asking questions
12. How do you call the part of the Scientific Method that uses the data to help
explain the results of the experiment?
A. observation C. conclusion
B. hypothesis D. purpose
13. Which of the following scientific skills is used when making conclusion?
A. predict C..inquiry
B. observe D. infer
14. Which of the following is the last step in the scientific method?
A. doing background research C. communicating results
B. constructing a hypothesis D. asking a question
15. Scientific studies must have clear and transparent methods so that
the studies are .
A. reproducible C. logical
B. methodical D. biased
 Additional Activities

Activity 4: Think and Solve

Directions: Name three basic problems in your barangayy. Think of possible

solutions to these problems applying your knowledge in scientific processes
and scientific method. For more reliable data, interview at least 10 adult
individuals in your barangay and ask what the main problems in your
barangay are. Gather the necessary data and identify the top three problems.

Problems of Locality Procedures in Solving the Problem

1.

2.

3.

Guide Questions:

1. Explain how scientific knowledge is acquired and validated.

2. When do scientific methods become valuable?

Congratulations! You have successfully completed Module 1F.

Excellent! You are now ready to do Scientific Investigation.
Answer Key

16
 References

Books

Gutierrez, M. M. "Science and Technology for the Modern World." 18 -

25. Diwa Scholastic Press, Inc., Department of Education, 1999.

Internet Sources

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Biology Dictionary. 2017. https://biologydictionary.net/scientific-method/

(accessed May 25, 2020).

Bryce, S. study.com. 2003. https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-

scientific-investigation-definition-steps-examples.html (accessed May 25,
2020).

Chemistry LibreTexts. 2019.

https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University of British Columbia/CHEM
100%3A The Chemical World/1.4%3A The Scientific Method - How
Chemist Think (accessed May 28, 2020).

CK - 12 Foundations. 2014. https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-

physical- science-for-middle-school/section/2.1/ (accessed May 26,
2020).

Educational Research Techniques.

https://educationalresearchtechniques.com/2014/12/07/identifying-a-
research-problem/ (accessed June 01, 2020).

Enago Academy. 2020. https://www.enago.com/academy/how-to-

develop-a-good-research-hypothesis/ (accessed May 28, 2020).

Help Teaching. 2004.

https://www.helpteaching.com/questions/Scientific_Method?pageNum=3
(accessed June 02, 2020).

Learning Resources Portal. 2016. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/7121

(accessed May 24, 2020).

17
Robeson.k12.
https://www.robeson.k12.nc.us/cms/lib6/NC01000307/Centricity/Domain/
3916/Drawing%20Conclusions.pdf (accessed June 02, 2020).

STARBOOKS. https://starbooks.com (accessed May 28, 2020).

Teacher Vision. 2007. https://www.teachervision.com/graph-chart-

0/analyzing-data (accessed June 01, 2020).

Workforce Institute. 2014. https://workforceinstitute.org/scientific-

method-isnt-just-scientists/ (accessed May 26, 2020).