BAB 4 TINGKATAN 4

1 What are the main components of a plant cell membrane?

Apakah komponen utama membran sel tumbuhan?
A Lipid and protein
Lipid dan protein
B Protein, carbohydrate and lipid
Protein, karbohidrat dan lipid
C Lipid and carbohydrate
Lipid dan karbohidrat
D Carbohydrate and protein
Karbohidrat dan protein

2 Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah polisakarida?
A Glycogen B Fructose
Glikogen Fruktosa
C Galactose D Maltose
Galaktosa Maltosa

3 Table 1 shows glucose molecules undergoing process Y.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan molekul glukosa melalui proses Y.
Glucose Process Y Maltose
→ →
Glukosa Proses Y Maltosa
Table 1
Jadual 1

What is process Y?
Apakah proses Y?
A Photosynthesis B Condensation
Fotosintesis Kondensasi
C Assimilation D Dialysis
Asimilasi Dialisis

4 Which of the following is a disaccharide?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah disakarida?
A Fructose B Galactose
Fruktosa Galaktosa
C Sukrose D Cellulose
Sukrosa Selulosa

5 Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah monosakarida?
A Starch B Sukrose
Kanji Sukrosa
C Cellulose D Galactose
Selulosa Galaktosa

6 Diagram 2 shows the process of formation of disaccharide molecule.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan proses pembentukan molekul disakarida.

Diagram 2
 Rajah 2

What is process Y?
Apakah proses Y?
A Condensation B Dialysis
Kondensasi Dialisis
C Hydrolysis D Photosynthesis
Hidrolisis Fotosintesis

7 Which of the following represents the hydrolysis of protein?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah mewakili hidrolisis protein?
A Polypeptides + water → dipeptides
Polipeptida + air → dipeptida
B Polypeptides → dipeptides + water
Polipeptida → dipeptida + air
C Dipeptides → polypeptides + water
Dipeptida→ polipeptida + air
D Dipeptides + water → polypeptides
Dipeptida + air → polipeptida

8 Diagram 3 shows the structure of a protein molecule.

Rajah 3 menunjukkan struktur molekul protein.

Diagram 3
Rajah 3

Which level of organisation is this protein?

Aras organisasi yang manakah protein tersebut?
A Secondary B Primary
Sekunder Primer
C Tertiary D Quaternary
Tertier Kuartener

9 Table 4 shows the elements found in food classes P and Q.

Jadual 4 menunjukkan unsur-unsur dalam kelas makanan P dan Q.
Food class
P Q
Kelas makanan
Element
C, H, O C, H, O, N
Unsur
Table 4
Jadual 4

What are food classes P and Q?

Apakah kelas makanan P dan Q?
P Q
A Carbohydrate Protein
Karbohidrat Protein
B Protein Lipid
Protein Lipid
 C Protein Carbohydrate
Protein Karbohidrat
D Carbohydrate Lipid
Karbohidrat Lipid

10 What is the type of lipid in progesterone, testosterone and oestrogen?

Apakah jenis lipid dalam progesteron, testosteron dan estrogen?
A Fats B Steroids
Lemak Steroid
C Wax D Phospholipids
Lilin Fosfolipid

11 Diagram 6 shows the mechanism of enzyme action.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan mekanisma tindakan enzim.

Diagram 6
Rajah 6

What are X, Y and Z?

Apakah X, Y dan Z?
X Y Z
A Product Enzyme Substrate
Hasil Enzim Substrat
B Substrate Product Enzyme
Substrat Hasil Enzim
C Substrate Enzyme Product
Substrat Enzim Hasil
D Enzyme Substrate Product
Enzim Substrat Hasil
12 Which of the molecules A, B, C or D, represents the substrate?
Antara molekul A, B, C dan D, yang manakah mewakili substrat?

13 The optimum temperature for enzyme reactions in the human body is

Suhu optimum bagi tindak balas enzim dalam badan manusia ialah
A 25°C B 30°C
C 37°C D 45°C
14 Before After

M
 N

Table 7
Jadual 7

What is enzyme P and the temperatures for M and N?

Apakah enzim P dan suhu bagi M dan N?
Enzyme P Temperature for A (°C) Temperature for B (°C)
Enzim P Suhu untuk M (°C) Suhu untuk N (°C)
A Amylase
35 10
Amilase
B Lipase
35 10
Lipase
C Lipase
10 35
Lipase
D Amylase
10 35
Amilase

15 Diagram 8 shows the structures of an enzyme and a substrate.

Rajah 8 menunjukkan struktur enzim dan substrat.

Diagram 8
Rajah 8

Which of the labelled parts A, B, C or D is the active site?

Antara A, B, C or D, yang manakah tapak aktif?

16 Diagram 9 shows organelles X, Y and Z that are involved in the synthesis and secretion of an
extracellular enzyme.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan organel X, Y dan Z yang terlibat dalam sintesis dan rembesan enzim luar sel.

Diagram 9
 Rajah 9

The correct sequence in the producion of the extracellular enzyme is

Urutan dalm penghasilan enzim luar sel yang betul ialah
A Y → X → Z B Y → Z → X
C Z → Y → X D X → Y → Z

17 Which of the following is correct?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah betul?
Enzyme Function
Enzim Fungsi
A Erepsin Hydrolyses fat
Erepsin Menghidrolisis lemak
B Rennin Coagulates milk
Renin Menggumpalkan susu
C Pepsin Emulsifies milk
Pepsin Mengemulsikan susu
D Trypsin Digests fat
Tripsin Mencernakan lemak

18

Diagram 10
Rajah 10

Factor X is
Faktor X ialah
A time
masa
B pH
pH
C enzyme concentration
kepekatan enzim
D inhibitor
perencat

19 Diagram 11 shows the production of extracellular enzymes.

Rajah 11 menunjukkan penghasilan enzim luar sel.

Diagram 11
 Rajah 11

What happen if structure X fails to fuse with Golgo apparatus?

Apakah yang berlaku jika struktur X gagal bercantum dengan jasad Golgi?
A Proteins will not be modified
Protein tidak akan diubahsuai
B Proteins will be hydrolysed
Protein akan dihidrolisiskan
C Proteins will be denatured
Protein akan dinyahaslikan
D Proteins will not be synthesised
Protein tidak akan disintesis

20 Diagram 12 is a graph which shows the optimum pH of an enzyme X in its reaction.

Rajah 12 ialah satu graf yang menunjukkan pH optimum satu enzim X dalam tindak balasnya.

Diagram 12
Rajah 12

What is enzyme X?
Apakah enzim X?
A Salivary amylase B Rennin
Amilase liur Renin
C Trypsin D Pepsin
Tripsin Pepsin
21 Diagram 13 is a graph which shows the rate of enzyme hydrolysis reactions, X and Y, in the human
body.
Rajah 13 ialah satu graf yang menunjukkan kadar tindak balas enzim hidrolisis X dan Y dalam badan manusia.

Diagram 13
Rajah 13

Which of the following is correct?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah betul?
Enzyme X Enzyme Y
Enzim X Enzim Y
A Secreted in the stomach Secreted in the pancreas
Dirembes di dalam perut Dirembes di dalam pankreas
B X is trypsin Y is lipase
X ialah tripsin Y ialah lipase
C Synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum Synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Disintesiskan dalam jalinan endoplasma kasar Disintesiskan dalam jalinan endoplasma licin
D Optimum pH is 4.0 Optimum pH is 11.5
pH optimum ialah 4.0 pH optimum ialah 11.5

22 Diagram 14 shows the breaking down of a complex molecule by an enzyme.

Rajah 14 menunjukkan proses penguraian molekul kompleks oleh enzim.

Diagram 14
Rajah 14

Which of the following can be deduced from Diagram 14?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah kesimpulan daripada Rajah 14?
I Enzyme reaction is irreversible
Tindakan enzim tidak berbalik
II Enzyme is destroyed at the end of the reaction
Enzim dimusnahkan pada akhir tindak balas
III Optimum temperature for enzyme reaction is 40°C
Suhu optimum untuk tindakan enzim ialah 40°C
IV Enzyme action is specific
Tindakan enzim adalah spesifik
A I and IV B II and III
I dan IV II dan III
C I, II and IV D II, III and IV
I, II dan IV II, III dan IV
23 Diagram 15 shows an experiment to investigate the action of pepsin on protein.
Rajah 15 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tindakan pepsin ke atas protein.

Diagram 15
Rajah 15

The test tube contains a mixture of 1 mℓ of 1% pepsin solution, 4 drops of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and
2 mℓ of albumen suspension. The albumen suspension turns clear after 30 minutes.
What can be done to reduce the time taken for the albumen suspension to turn clear?
Tabung uji mengandungi campuran 1 mℓ 1% larutan pepsin, 4 titis 0.1 M asid hidroklorik dan 2 mℓ
ampaian albumen. Ampaian albumen menjadi jernih selepas 30 minit.
Apakah yang boleh dilakukan untuk mengurangkan masa yang diambil oleh ampaian albumen untuk
menjadi jernih?
A Reduce the volume of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid to 2 drops
Kurangkan isi padu 0.1 M asid hidroklorik kepada 2 titis
B Increase the volume of 1% pepsin solution to 2 mℓ
Tingkatkan isi padu 1% larutan pepsin kepada 2 mℓ
C Increase the volume of albumen suspension to 4 mℓ
Tingkatkan isi padu ampaian albumen kepada 4 mℓ
D Reduce the temperature of water bath to 30°C
Kurangkan suhu kukus air kepada 30°C

24 Chemical compound X controls all activities in the cell. The cell will die if X is absent.
Sebatian kimia X mengawal kesemua aktiviti di dalam sel. Sel akan mati jika X tidak hadir.

Chemical compound X is
Sebatian kimia X ialah
A enzyme B amino acid
enzim asid amino
C nucleic acid D lipid
asid nukleik lipid

Answer:

1 A          2 A          3 B          4 C          5 D

6 A          7 A          8 B          9 A          10 B
11 D        12 B        13 C        14 B        15 B
16 D        17 B        18 C        19 A        20 C
21 A        22 A        23 B        24 C