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    Decoder

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    parassu
    A decoder is a device that reverses encoding to retrieve the original information. In digital electronics, a decoder converts coded inputs into different coded outputs, such as converting n bits into 2n outputs. Decoders require enable inputs to function and are used in applications like data multiplexing and memory address decoding. Common decoder circuits include AND gates and n-to-2n decoders, which convert n binary inputs into up to 2n unique outputs. More complex decoders can be formed by combining simpler decoders and adding shared enable inputs.

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    Decoder

    Uploaded by

    parassu
    77 views1 page
    A decoder is a device that reverses encoding to retrieve the original information. In digital electronics, a decoder converts coded inputs into different coded outputs, such as converting n bits into 2n outputs. Decoders require enable inputs to function and are used in applications like data multiplexing and memory address decoding. Common decoder circuits include AND gates and n-to-2n decoders, which convert n binary inputs into up to 2n unique outputs. More complex decoders can be formed by combining simpler decoders and adding shared enable inputs.

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    A decoder is a device that reverses encoding to retrieve the original information. In digital electronics, a decoder converts coded inputs into different coded outputs, such as converting n bits into 2n outputs. Decoders require enable inputs to function and are used in applications like data multiplexing and memory address decoding. Common decoder circuits include AND gates and n-to-2n decoders, which convert n binary inputs into up to 2n unique outputs. More complex decoders can be formed by combining simpler decoders and adding shared enable inputs.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    77 views1 page

    Decoder

    Uploaded by

    parassu
    A decoder is a device that reverses encoding to retrieve the original information. In digital electronics, a decoder converts coded inputs into different coded outputs, such as converting n bits into 2n outputs. Decoders require enable inputs to function and are used in applications like data multiplexing and memory address decoding. Common decoder circuits include AND gates and n-to-2n decoders, which convert n binary inputs into up to 2n unique outputs. More complex decoders can be formed by combining simpler decoders and adding shared enable inputs.

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    A decoder is a device which does the reverse of an encoder, undoing the encoding so that the

    original information can be retrieved. The same method used to encode is usually just reversed in
    order to decode.

    In digital electronics this would mean that a decoder is a multiple-input, multiple-output logic
    circuit that converts coded inputs into coded outputs, where the input and output codes are
    different. e.g. n-to-2n, BCD decoders.

    Enable inputs must be on for the decoder to function, otherwise its outputs assume a single
    "disabled" output code word. Decoding is necessary in applications such as data multiplexing, 7
    segment display and memory address decoding.

    The decoder circuit would be an AND gate because the output of an AND gate is "High" (1) only
    when all its inputs are "High." Such output is called as "active High output". If instead of AND
    gate, the NAND gate is connected the output will be "Low" (0) only when all its inputs are
    "High". Such output is called as "active low output".

    A slightly more complex decoder would be the n-to-2n type binary decoders. These type of
    decoders are combinational circuits that convert binary information from 'n' coded inputs to a
    maximum of 2n unique outputs. We say a maximum of 2n outputs because in case the 'n' bit coded
    information has unused bit combinations, the decoder may have less than 2n outputs. We can
    have 2-to-4 decoder, 3-to-8 decoder or 4-to-16 decoder. We can form a 3-to-8 decoder from two
    2-to-4 decoders (with enable signals).

    Similarly, we can also form a 4-to-16 decoder by combining two 3-to-8 decoders. In this type of
    circuit design, the enable inputs of both 3-to-8 decoders originate from a 4th input, which acts as
    a selector between the two 3-to-8 decoders. This allows the 4th input to enable either the top or
    bottom decoder, which produces outputs of D(0) through D(7) for the first decoder, and D(8)
    through D(15) for the second decoder.

    It is important to note that a decoder that contains enable inputs is also known as a decoder-
    demultiplexer. Thus, we have a 4-to-16 decoder produced by adding a 4th input shared among
    both decoders, producing 16 outputs.

    Row select
    Most kinds of random-access memory use a n-to-2n decoder to convert the selected address on
    the address bus to one of the row address select lines.

    Instruction decoder
    In CPU design, the instruction decoder is the part of the CPU that converts the bits stored in the
    instruction register -- or, in CPUs that have microcode, the microinstruction -- into the control
    signals that control the other parts of the CPU.

    A simple CPU with 8 registers may use 3-to-8 logic decoders inside the instruction decoder to
    select two source registers of the register file to feed into the ALU as well as the destination
    register to accept the output of the ALU. A typical CPU instruction decoder also includes several
    other things.

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