STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF LOW COST HOUSING BASED ON CONSTRUCTION

TECHNIQUES

Dhiraj B Tapkir1,Nikhil R Mohire2,Pratik N Zurunge3, Siddharth R Sonsale4, Prof.Dr.A.W Dhawale5

1,2,3,4
Students of J.S.P.M’s Imperial College of Engineering and Research, Wagholi, Pune, India.
5
Project guide & HOD civil engineering Dept.
Abstract- This paper addresses the approach to income group, low cost houses constructed without
minimize the cost of house and it give affordability to the sacrificing performance and life of structure.
people now days .the basic principle behind this is to reduce
cost of project by reducing duration of project and using Housing has a central importance to quality of life with
different techniques which helps to reduce cost of project considerable economic, social, cultural and personal
without losing quality. significance. The focus of this research is housing for low
income households or what is commonly known as
There are three factors which affect the cost of affordable housing. Affordable housing is a term used to
housing i.e. time, material used and techniques. The describe dwelling units whose total housing costs are
selection of building materials should meet the needs of deemed "affordable" to those that have a median income.
local conditions a field study was carried out in pune city, A median income refers to the average pay scale level of
comparison is carried out with the help of persons such as the majority people in a population which is often low.
engineers in mhada, jnnurm, housing who are involved in Low-income housing is aimed at individuals without
construction of low cost housing. enough income to provide adequate housing for
themselves and/or their families. These families are
For achieving the low cost, perfect technique is required usually unable to purchase a home because they fail to
in this paper the use of perfect techniques and comparison qualify for a mortgage. Most families choose to rent
between different techniques is discussed for cost control based on their income and family situation; unfortunately,
and reduction. there may not be enough rental housing or enough good-
quality rental housing for low-income families.
Keywords- low cost housing, techniques, MHADA,
JNNURM, cost efficient.

1. Introduction
Being one of the largest countries in the world and
possessing one of the largest populations in the world
India still has lots of areas where it is lagging behind in
comparison with the topmost economies in the world.

As we know india has population about 1.4 billion and

increasing at an unbelievable rates. Since the availability
of the land is limited and demands for their
accommodation and various other needs is increasing.
India is developing country having about 30% of people
of high income group and other are middle class and low
Fig 1: affordability and demand of house
Housing in India has been a great challenge.
4. Literature review
Millions of houses are required to build in a certain
time frame. 99% of these houses are required by the 1. Vidya Devi, Rinki Taur (Oct 2009)
Low income groups. If the time frame is not
maintained the new slums will come up. In civil This paper aims to point out the various aspects of
engineering works, thus, the structures are designed prefabricated building methodologies for low cost
by keeping in mind all these factors related to low housing by highlighting the different prefabrication
cost housing. this will lead to increase availability techniques to reduce the cost of construction. Since
of shelter to people having low income group . there is repeated production of similar types of
components in precast construction, therefore, it
2. Objectives results in faster execution, more productivity and
House is one of the biggest need and low cost economy. In prefabricated construction, the work at
housing gives the houses to people at reasonable site is reduced to minimum, thereby, enhancing the
rate. Therefore, the main aim of this study is: quality of work, reliability and cleanliness.

1) To study different types of Construction 2. Jones Lang LaSalle (2011)

technique used to reduce cost of housing
The paper gives the idea about Urbanization and
2) To Compare cost and time reduction by Housing shortage in India as per EWS, LIG, MIG
adopting different techniques for large and HIG as per the technical group report on
scale project. Estimation of Urban Housing .In this paper under
the Policy Framework and Regulations for Low
3. Scope of study Cost Housing the Central level Schemes as well as
State sponsored initiatives are discussed. Central
Present study deals with various techniques which level schemes such as. Jawaharlal Nehru National
help to reduce the cost of project. Analyzing the Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) and
factors which increases the cost .This study is Maharashtra Housing and Area Development
totally based on precast, aluform and conventional Authority (MHADA)
technique. The motive of this study is to control
the cost by maintaining quality which is the biggest 3. Swaptik Chowdhury, Sangeeta Roy
threat now days. The main motive behind that is to (Jan21, 2013)
increase availability of house at reasonable rates
and use of new, modern techniques which reduce
the cost of project. The paper presents work on low-cost having
advantages on areas such as India where concrete
Overall this study will be very useful for the or steel is expensive. This paper aims to point out
previous, ongoing, and upcoming future the various aspects of prefabricated building
construction projects of high scale area to minimize methodologies for low cost housing by highlighting
the cost, time and waste and also the enhancement the different prefabrication techniques, and the
of structure. economical advantages achieved by its adoption.
 Which can be analyzed individually based on the 6. Results and Discussion
needs thus, improving the speed of construction and
reducing the construction cost. The major
currentmethods of construction systems considered
here are namely, structural, precast. Analysis is done on three site data :

Site 1- MHADA PROJECT, Morwadi ,

Pimpri .(Pre-cast)

5. Research methodology
Site 2- JNNURM Project, Vetalnagar.
(Aluform)
The methodology adopted for present study is
carrying out survey of large scale projects. Detailed
study of three different techniques like Site3- Row House Project, Sathewasti,
conventional, precast and aluform is carried out by Vishrantwadi
analyzing cost required for particular method and
then comparing it with respect to cost and time
required .This study is based on literature and field
(Conventional)
survey.

The focus of the study is to find out issues resulted This data will help to determine the research basis
from low cost house extension projects that affect and direction. Reviews of other works from
the construction activities. The field study is literature survey will become the backbone of this
divided into three parts –On site observation on research. Comparison of low cost building with
construction activities to investigate and examine conventional building.
construction activities carried out by the
contractors. Finding new construction techniques
to implement them in construction of building.
Study of low cost construction materials from
projects under construction and recently completed.
After completion of these processes, site
observations will carried out to gather primary data.

Time Reduction:

Sr. No Conventional Pre-Cast Aluform

Method Method Method
1 - 33.33% 58.33%
 References

Cost Reduction:
1. Jones Lang LaSalle(2011); study of low cost
housing in india and its need.
Sr. No Conventional Pre-cast Aluform
1 - 25.37% 32.28%
2.Swaptik Chowdhury, Sangeeta Roy School of
Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University,
Vellore, India.

7. Conclusion
3.Kumar A (1999). Sustainable building
technology for mass application, Development
Alternatives Newsletter. 9(11), pp. 1-4.
From above study we conclude that,

4. Tiwari P, Parikh K and Parikh J (1999).

1. Their is Cost reduction in construction due to
Structural design considerations in house builder
adaptation of different (Pre-cast, Aluform)
construction model: a multiobjective optimization
technique.
technique, Journal of Infrastructure System. 5(3),
pp. 75-90

2. Aluform is Best construction Technique in which

Construction Cost reduction is 32.28% and Time
5. Works Department (2002). Revised schedules
reduction is 58.33% more and waste production
of rates 2000 works department and analysis of
also very less.
rates, Works Department, India

3. Pre-cast gives strength to the structure and cost is

6. TERI. 2007. Policy, institutional and legal
less than conventional but more than aluform
barriers to economic utilization of fly ash. New
technique,Time required also less than conventional
Delhi: The Energy and Resources Institute. 151 pp.
technique but more than aluform technique.

7. Garg R.K., `Sustainable Human Settlements and

4.For Cost effective houses present study clearly
Cost Effective Housing Technologies
states that aluform technique is suitable technique
for low cost housing mega projects.

8. (2001-2002) Sunil Kumar Department of Civil

Engineering, Harcourt Butler Technological
Institute, Kanpur 208002, India Received 17 April 10. Javed sultan, president kinkoo.inc, Cambridge
2001; received in revised form 22 April 2002; MA 02139, USA
accepted 31 May 2002

9. Vivian W. Y. The Twelfth East Asia-Pacific

Conference on Structural Engineering and
Construction “Cost Effectiveness of using Low Cost
Housing Technologies in Construction” Tam1*1
School of Engineering, University of Western
Sydney.