Agcopra, Pearl Marie Sabaiton ED 8

BEED-3
ITEM ANALYSIS

A B C D
Q1. UG 15 1 1 0
LG 9 3 3 2
Difficulty Index: 0.71
Difference Index: 0.35
Analysis:
1. 71% of the test takers got the correct answer, hence the item is EASY.
2. More students from the upper group got the answer correctly. Therefore, the item is a
POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 35% and an interpretation of
GOOD ITEM.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the test item but change option D, make it more realistic for the upper group.

A B C D
Q2. UG 1 6 1 9
LG 2 6 0 9
Difficulty Index: 0.03
Difference Index: 0.06
Analysis:
1. Only 3% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer than the lower group. Therefore,
the item is a POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 6% and an
interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Only one of the examines got the correct answer.
Conclusion:
REVISE the test item because it is very difficult. The students were confused by the logic of
the question.

Initial Question: What verb will you use when the subject of the sentence is plural or if the pronoun
used is either you, were and they?
Revise Question: What verb will you use when the subject of the sentence is plural?

A B C D
Q3. UG 16 0 0 1
LG 13 1 2 1
Difficulty Index: 0.83
Difference Index: 0.18
Analysis:
1. 83% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY EASY.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer than the lower group. Therefore,
the item is a POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 18% and an
interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. More than 50% from the upper group and lower group got the correct answer.
Conclusion:
REVISE the test item by changing options A, B and C.

Initial Options: A.) the friendly butterfly and the grumpy butterfly; B.) the friendly and the leaves; C.)
the grumpy butterfly and the many leaves
Revise Options: A.) the kind and cranky butterfly; B.) the butterflies and the leaf; C.) the two good
butterflies

A B C D
Q4. UG 1 0 0 16
LG 2 0 1 14
Difficulty Index: 0.86
Difference Index: 0.14
Analysis:
1. 86% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY EASY.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer than the lower group. Therefore,
the item is a POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 14% and an
interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. More than 50% of the examinees from the upper and lower group got the correct answer.
Conclusion:
REVISE the test item by changing all of the options. Specially option D, it is easy to find in
the story.

Initial Options: A.) nine o’clock; B.) eight o’clock; C.) seven o’clock; D.) six o’clock
Revise Options: A.) 9:00 am; B.) 8:00 am; C.) 7:00 am; D.) 6:00 am

A B C D
Q5. UG 15 1 0 1
LG 12 2 1 2
Difficulty Index: 0.77
Difference Index: 0.18
Analysis:
1. 77% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is EASY
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer than the lower group. Therefore,
the item is a POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 18% and an
interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. More than 50% from the lower group got the correct answer, thus the test item is easy to
answer.
Conclusion:
REVISE the test item by changing option A, the correct answer is easy to see because it is
found in the story.

Initial Options: A.) the grumpy butterfly eats the leaves for breakfast
Revise Options: A.)

A B C D
Q6. UG 1 16 0 0
LG 3 6 2 5
Difficulty Index: 0.73
Difference Index: 0.59
Analysis:
1. 73% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is EASY.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer than the lower group. Therefore,
the item is a POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 59% and an
interpretation of VERY GOOD ITEM.
3. Although the item is being rated as very good, 94% of the examinees from the upper group
got the correct answer.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the test item but modify options C and D. Make the options more realistic for the
upper group.

A B C D
Q7. UG 0 0 17 0
LG 2 0 14 1
Difficulty Index: 0.89
Difference Index: 0.18
Analysis:
1. 89% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY EASY.
2. More student from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 18% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. There is a typo committed by the test maker.
Conclusion:
REVISE the options.
Initial Options: C.) waits; B.) awaits; C.) waited; D.) waiter
Revise Options: A.) waits; B.) awaits; C.) waited; D.) waiter
 A B C D
Q8. UG 3 6 6 2
LG 2 9 3 3
Difficulty Index: 0.14
Difference Index: 0.06
Analysis:
1. Only 14% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY DIFFICULT.
2. More student from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 6%% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Students from the upper group have equal spread of choices from the alternatives,
especially on options B and C.
Conclusion:
REVISE the test item. The students are more likely just guessing their answers. The content
of the test is maybe not yet discussed by the teacher.

Initial Question: What verb will you use when the subject of the sentence is plural or if the pronoun
used is either you, were and they?
Revise Question: What verb will you use when the subject of the sentence is plural?

A B C D
Q9. UG 9 2 4 3
LG 3 3 5 5
Difficulty Index: 0.34
Difference Index: 0.35
Analysis:
1. Only 34% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 35% and an interpretation of GOOD ITEM.
3. Retain option D, because more from the lower group choose the incorrect answer.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item but change options B and C. There is only one difference between upper
group and the lower group whom chosen these wrong answers.

A B C D
Q10. UG 11 1 3 2
LG 12 1 2 2
Difficulty Index: 0.11
Difference Index: 0
Analysis:
1. Only 11% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY DIFFICULT.
2. Both the upper and lower group answered the test correctly, thus the item is a ZERO
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 0% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. More than 50% from the upper group and lower group have chosen the wrong answers in
the exams.
Conclusion:
REJECT the item, because it is very difficult and has zero discrimination.

A B C D
Q11. UG 5 3 0 9
LG 5 4 5 3
Difficulty Index: 0.34
Difference Index: 0.35
Analysis:
1. Only 34% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 35% and an interpretation of GOOD ITEM.
3. Change option A because there is an equal amount of numbers from the upper and lower
group that choose the wrong answer.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but modify options A and C. Make option C more realistic for the upper
group.
 A B C D
Q12. UG 11 0 2 4
LG 10 2 2 3
Difficulty Index: 0.60
Difference Index: 0.06
Analysis:
1. 60% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 6% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Change option D because a lot from the upper group choose the wrong answer than the
lower group.
4. Change option A, because it is too easy to guess as the correct answer.
Conclusion:
REVISE the item, especially the options. The answer is very easy to see from the options.

A B C D
Q13. UG 0 0 0 17
LG 3 3 3 8
Difficulty Index: 0.71
Difference Index: 0.47
Analysis:
1. 71% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is EASY.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 47% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
3. Modify only option A, B and C. Make it more realistic for the upper group to choose the
wrong option to make the item more valid.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but modify only option A, B and C.

A B C D
Q14. UG 3 4 9 1
LG 3 9 1 4
Difficulty Index: 0.29
Difference Index: 0.47
Analysis:
1. Only 29% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 47% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
3. Retain options B and D, because they attract more from the lower group making it effective.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but modify option A.

A B C D
Q15. UG 2 12 3 0
LG 7 4 1 5
Difficulty Index: 0.45
Difference Index: 0.47
Analysis:
1. Only 45% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 47% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
3. Retain options A and D, because they attract more from the lower group making it effective.
4. Change option C, because more from the upper group choose the incorrect answer than the
lower group.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but change option C.
 A B C D
Q16. UG 4 10 1 2
LG 2 5 3 7
Difficulty Index: 0.43
Difference Index: 0.29
Analysis:
1. Only 43% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 29% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain options C and D, because they draw more from the lower group making it convincing.
4. Change option A, because more from the upper group choose the unfit answer than the
lower group.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but change option A. Make it more convincing for the lower group.

A B C D
Q17. UG 1 1 15 0
LG 7 4 5 1
Difficulty Index: 0.57
Difference Index: 0.59
Analysis:
1. Only 57% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 59% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
3. Nothing to change on the item and the options. Lower groups choose more incorrect
answers than the upper ones. Thus the items are efficient.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item.

A B C D
Q18. UG 2 1 12 2
LG 2 3 7 2
Difficulty Index: 0.54
Difference Index: 0.29
Analysis:
1. Only 54% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 29% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain option B, because more from the lower group choose the incorrect answer.
4. Modify option A and D, because there is an equal number of students from the upper and
lower group that choose the wrong option.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item but modify options A and D.

A B C D
Q19. UG 8 8 0 1
LG 6 5 3 3
Difficulty Index: 0.40
Difference Index: 0.12
Analysis:
1. Only 40% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 12% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
 3. Retain option C and D, because more from the lower group choose the incorrect answer.
4. Change option B, weaken it because more from the upper group choose the wrong answer.
Conclusion:
REVISE the options, especially B. Distractors are not supposed to draw more attention than
the keyed answer.

A B C D
Q20. UG 2 8 3 4
LG 6 3 5 3
Difficulty Index: 0.20
Difference Index: 0.06
Analysis:
1. Only 20% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 6% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Retain option A and C, because more from the lower group choose the incorrect answer.
4. Change option B, weaken it because more from the upper group choose the wrong answer.
Conclusion:
REVISE the item.

A B C D
Q21. UG 11 3 0 3
LG 6 7 0 4
Difficulty Index: 0.49
Difference Index: 0.29
Analysis:
1. Only 49% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATElY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 29% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain option B and D, because more from the lower group choose the incorrect answer.
4. Change option C, make it more realistic for the upper and lower group.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but change option C. At least 5% of the examinees choose the wrong
answer.

A B C D
Q22. UG 4 1 5 7
LG 3 7 4 3
Difficulty Index: 0.29
Difference Index: -0.35
Analysis:
1. Only 29% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the lower group got the correct answer, thus the item is a NEGATIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of -35% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Nothing to analyze distracters because the item is difficult and the discriminant is negative
Conclusion:
REJECT the item, it is difficult and has a negative discrimination.

A B C D
Q23. UG 9 3 2 3
LG 6 5 4 2
Difficulty Index: 0.17
Difference Index: -0.12
Analysis:
1. Only 17% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the lower group got the correct answer, thus the item is a NEGATIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of -12% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Nothing to analyze distracters because the item is difficult and the discriminant is negative
Conclusion:
 REJECT the item, it is difficult and has a negative discrimination.
A B C D
Q24. UG 2 3 0 12
LG 2 4 5 6
Difficulty Index: 0.51
Difference Index: 0.35
Analysis:
1. 51% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 35% and an interpretation of GOOD ITEM.
3. Modify option A, there is an equal number of from the upper and lower group.
Conclusion:
1. RETAIN the item, modify option A, the item is confusing for the upper group.

A B C D
Q25. UG 2 2 0 13
LG 3 5 4 5
Difficulty Index: 0.51
Difference Index: 0.47
Analysis:
1. 51% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 47% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
3. Modify option B, there is an equal number of from the upper and lower group.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item.

A B C D
Q26. UG 5 0 1 11
LG 10 3 1 3
Difficulty Index: 0.43
Difference Index: -0.29
Analysis:
1. Only 43% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the lower group got the correct answer, thus the item is a NEGATIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of -29% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Nothing to analyze distracters because the item is difficult and the discriminant is negative
Conclusion:
REJECT the item, it is difficult and has a negative discrimination.

A B C D
Q27. UG 3 0 2 12
LG 7 5 2 3
Difficulty Index: 0.11
Difference Index: 0.00
Analysis:
1. Only 11% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY DIFFICULT.
2. Numbers from the upper and lower group are equal, thus the item is a ZERO
DISCRIMINATION.
3. Nothing to analyze distracters because the item is difficult and the discriminant is zero.
Conclusion:
REJECT the item, it is difficult and has a zero discrimination. The test item cannot distinguish
the students who performed in the overall test and the students whose performance are very
poor.
 A B C D
Q28. UG 5 5 6 1
LG 6 4 3 4
Difficulty Index: 0.28
Difference Index: 0.06
Analysis:
1. Only 28% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 6% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Retain option D, because more from the lower group have chosen the wrong answer.
4. Change option C, more from the upper choose the wrong answer than the lower group.
5. Modify option A, there is only one difference between the two groups, thus the upper group
is confuse of the distracters.
Conclusion:
REJECT the item. Because the item is difficult and the discrimination is very poor, options A
and B are not effective.

A B C D
Q29. UG 14 0 1 2
LG 11 2 3 2
Difficulty Index: 0.71
Difference Index: 0.18
Analysis:
1. 71% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY EASY.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 18% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3.
Conclusion:
REJECT the item. Because the item is very easy and the discrimination is very poor.

A B C D
Q30. UG 1 11 2 3
LG 3 6 3 5
Difficulty Index: 0.49
Difference Index: 0.29
Analysis:
1. Only 49% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 29% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain options A and D, because a lot from the lower group choose the wrong answer from
the item.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but modify option C. There is a slight edge between the two groups, thus
the distracter is a bit confusing.

A B C D
Q31. UG 1 7 2 7
LG 5 5 0 7
Difficulty Index: 0.34
Difference Index: 0.12
Analysis:
1. Only 34% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 12% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Retain options A, a lot from the lower group choose the wrong answer from the item.
 4. Change option C, it draws more attention from the upper group than the lower group.
5. Modify option D, there is an equal number from both groups.

Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but change option C and D.

A B C D
Q32. UG 16 0 1 0
LG 7 4 3 3
Difficulty Index: 0.66
Difference Index: 0.53
Analysis:
1. 66% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is EASY.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 53% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item because it has a very good discriminant index.

A B C D
Q33. UG 5 11 0 1
LG 6 4 4 3
Difficulty Index: 0.43
Difference Index: 0.41
Analysis:
1. Only 43% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 41% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item because even it is moderately difficult over-all it has a very good
discriminant index.

A B C D
Q34. UG 7 2 5 3
LG 6 4 5 2
Difficulty Index: 0.37
Difference Index: 0.06
Analysis:
1. Only 37% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 6% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. The upper and lower have responded to the options almost equal, thus the students are just
guessing the item.
Conclusion:
REJECT the item. The item was difficult as shown from the difficulty index and the low
discriminant

A B C D
Q35. UG 8 8 1 0
LG 4 6 4 4
Difficulty Index: 0.34
Difference Index: 0.24
Analysis:
1. Only 34% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 24% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain option C and D, because it attracts more for the lower group making it effective.
4. Change option B, because a lot from the upper group have chosen the wrong answer. It is
 confusing for the upper group.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but change options B. Because the option is confusing.
A B C D
Q36. UG 4 0 10 3
LG 9 2 2 4
Difficulty Index: 0.34
Difference Index: 0.47
Analysis:
1. Only 34% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 47% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, because even though the test item is difficult it has a very good
discriminant.

A B C D
Q37. UG 2 3 2 10
LG 3 3 4 6
Difficulty Index: 0.46
Difference Index: 0.24
Analysis:
1. Only 46% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 24% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain options A and C, because a lot from the lower group have chosen the wrong answer
than the upper group.
4. Modify option B, it has an equal number from both the upper and lower group.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but change option B, it is a bit confusing for the upper group.

A B C D
Q38. UG 7 2 6 2
LG 6 3 4 3
Difficulty Index: 0.29
Difference Index: 0.18
Analysis:
1. Only 29% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 18% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Retain options B and D, because a lot from the lower group have chosen the wrong answer
than the upper group.
4. Change option B, a lot from the upper group have chosen the wrong answer than the lower
group.
Conclusion:
REJECT the item, because it is difficult and has a very poor discrimination.

A B C D
Q39. UG 10 3 2 2
LG 4 5 5 3
Difficulty Index: 0.40
Difference Index: 0.35
Analysis:
1. Only 40% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 35% and an interpretation of GOOD ITEM.
3. Retain options B and C, because a lot from the lower group have chosen the wrong answer
than the upper group, thus the options are effective
 4. Modify option C, there is a slight difference between the two group, thus the upper group is a
bit confused on the item
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but modify option D.
A B C D
Q40. UG 8 2 1 6
LG 8 3 2 4
Difficulty Index: 0.46
Difference Index: 0.00
Analysis:
1. Only 46% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. Numbers from the upper and lower group are equal, thus the item has a ZERO
DISCRIMINATION.
3. Nothing to analyze the distracters because the item is difficult and the discriminant is zero.
Conclusion:
REJECT the item, it is difficult and has a zero discrimination. The test item cannot distinguish
the students who performed in the overall test and the students whose performance are very
poor.

A B C D
Q41. UG 2 0 12 3
LG 4 7 2 4
Difficulty Index: 0.40
Difference Index: 0.59
Analysis:
1. Only 40% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 59% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
3. Nothing to analyze further the item because even though it is difficult the discrimination index
shows that it is a very good item.
Conclusion:
REJECT the item.

A B C D
Q42. UG 9 1 3 4
LG 5 2 5 5
Difficulty Index: 0.40
Difference Index: 0.24
Analysis:
1. Only 40% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 24% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain options B and C, because a lot from the lower group have chosen the incorrect
answer, thus the distracter is effective.
4. Modify option D, there is a small difference between the two group, the upper group is
confuse of the item.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but change option D because it is a bit confusing.

A B C D
Q43. UG 5 3 5 4
LG 4 4 4 5
Difficulty Index: 0.40
Difference Index: -0.06
Analysis:
1. Only 40% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the lower group got the correct answer, thus the item is a NEGATIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of -6% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
 3. Nothing to analyze distracters because the item is difficult and the discriminant is negative
Conclusion:
REJECT the item, it is difficult and has a negative discrimination.

A B C D
Q44. UG 3 11 2 1
LG 4 6 2 5
Difficulty Index: 0.49
Difference Index: 0.29
Analysis:
1. Only 49% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 29% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain options A and D, because a lot from the lower group have chosen the incorrect
answer, thus the distracter is effective.
4. Modify option C, there is an equal number from the two groups.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item, but change option C, make the option a lot realistic for the lower group.

A B C D
Q45. UG 9 4 3 1
LG 5 2 7 3
Difficulty Index: 0.29
Difference Index: -0.24
Analysis:
1. Only 29% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the lower group got the correct answer, thus the item is a NEGATIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of -6% and an interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Nothing to analyze distracters because the item is difficult and the discriminant is negative
Conclusion:
REJECT the item, it is difficult and has a negative discrimination.

A B C D
Q46. UG 12 2 3 0
LG 4 3 6 4
Difficulty Index: 0.46
Difference Index: 0.47
Analysis:
1. Only 46% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is MODERATELY
DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 47% and an interpretation of VERY GOOD
ITEM.
3. Nothing to analyze further the item because it has a very good discrimination index..
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item.

A B C D
Q47. UG 4 4 6 3
LG 6 5 2 4
Difficulty Index: 0.29
Difference Index: 0.24
Analysis:
1. Only 29% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 24% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. There is an equal spread numbers from the upper group on the given alternatives, thus data
indicates that the students are guessing their answers.
 4. The content of the test is not discussed in the class.
Conclusion:
REVISE the item.

A B C D
Q48. UG 8 3 4 2
LG 4 4 5 4
Difficulty Index: 0.34
Difference Index: 0.24
Analysis:
1. Only 34% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 24% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain option D, because the lower group choose the wrong answer more, thus the option D
is effective.
4. Modify options B and C, there is a small difference between the two groups. Thus, the upper
group is confused among the distracters.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item but modify options B and C. Weaken it to less attract the upper group.

A B C D
Q49. UG 4 1 5 7
LG 7 4 1 5
Difficulty Index: 0.17
Difference Index: 0.24
Analysis:
1. Only 17% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is VERY DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the upper group got the correct answer, thus the item is a POSITIVE
DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of 24% and an interpretation of MARGINAL
ITEM.
3. Retain option A and B, because the lower group choose the wrong answer more, thus the
options are effective.
4. Change option D, a lot from the upper group have chosen the wrong answer than the lower
group.
Conclusion:
RETAIN the item but change option D.

A B C D
Q50. UG 3 4 5 5
LG 6 5 3 3
Difficulty Index: 0.26
Difference Index: -0.06
Analysis:
1. Only 26% of the examinees got the correct answer, hence the item is DIFFICULT.
2. More students from the lower group got the correct answer than the upper group, thus the
item has a NEGATIVE DISCRIMINATION with a discrimination index of -6% and an
interpretation of POOR ITEM.
3. Nothing to analyze distracters because the item is difficult and the discriminant is negative
Conclusion:
REJECT the item, it is difficult and has a negative discrimination.