Grade 7 4th Quarter 4-6 Week
Grade 7 4th Quarter 4-6 Week
Grade 7 4th Quarter 4-6 Week
Grade 7 Mathematics
Fourth Quarter
A C T I V I T Y No. 5
There are many ways in presenting data, it could be through tabular form, textual presentation or
through graphical representation.
Types of Graph
1. Line graph is a graph that uses line segments to show the quantitative changes or trend in a
given set of data over a period of time. Usually, one of the quantities of a data in a line graph is
time and is plotted along the vertical axis.
Example of line graph which shows the changes in temperature (in degree Celsius) over a certain
week in Quezon City.
Monday – 25ºC Tuesday - 30ºC Wednesday - 32ºC Thursday - 35ºC
Friday - 20ºC Saturday - 30ºC Sunday - 35ºC
40
35
30
Temperature
25
20
15
10
5
0
Mon. Tue. Wed. Thurs. Fri. Sat. Sun.
Day
The line graph shows that the temperature is increasing over a week.
2. Bar graph is a graphical presentation of data using bars which can be drawn either horizontally
or vertically.
Example:
The donation by each year level in a high school for the victims of typhoon Yolanda which happened
last November 2013 are as follows: First year- Php 1,000,Second year- Php 650, Third year –Php
850, and Fourth year-Php 400.
In a vertical bar graph, let the vertical axis represent the amount donated and the horizontal
axis the year level which donated the amount.
1200
1000
Amount of Donation
800
600
400
200
0
I II III IV
Year Level
The bar graph shows that the first year students donated the highest amount of Php 1,000
and the fourth year students donated the least amount of Php 400.
3. Pie graph is a graph in the form of a circle divided into sectors whose relative areas represent
the frequencies of the given set of data.
16 22
Degrees = x 360 º = 72º Degrees = x 360º = 99º
80 80
Second Year
Third Year 30%
28%
The pie graph shows that the Second Year has the highest member of the Science club.
4. Ogive (pronounced as o-jayv) is a line graph where the cumulative frequency of each class is
plotted against the corresponding class boundaries. It has two types, less than ogive cf< or
greater than ogive cf>
How to graph using ogive?
1. There must be a frequency distribution
2. Determine the class boundaries or true limits and cumulative frequency (cf).
3. The intersection of the less than ogive and greater than ogive is the mean of the data
EXAMPLE:
Table 5.38. Cumulative Frequency Distribution of a 30-pint Math Quiz
Apparen True Limits or f <cf >cf
t Limit Class
Boundaries
28-29 27.5-29.5 1 60 1 Note: Class boundary is plotted in
26-27 25.5-27.5 3 59 4 the x axis while the cumulative
24-25 23.5-25.5 3 56 7 frequency is plotted in the y axis.
22-23 21.5-23.5 3 53 10 For the less than ogive, less than
20-21 19.5- 21.5 6 50 16 cumulative frequencies are
18-19 17.5- 19.5 6 44 22 plotted against upper class
16-17 15.5- 17.5 8 38 30 boundaries. While for greater
14-15 13.5-15.5 6 30 36 that ogive, greater than
12-13 11.5-13.5 10 24 46 cumulative frequencies are
10-11 9.5-11.5 14 14 60 plotted against the lower class
N=60 boundaries.
5. Histogram is a graphical display of data using rectangles. The heights of the rectangle
correspond to the frequency per class interval. The bases of the rectangles are the class
boundaries.
Exercises:
A.
B. Create your family Monthly Budget. Use appropriate graph to represent your data given.
Name:__________________________________ Date: __________
Grade & Section: _________________________ Score: _________
Grade 7 Mathematics
Fourth Quarter
A C T I V I T Y No. 6
Measure of central tendency is any measure indicating the center of data set, arranged in an
increasing or decreasing magnitude. It is the central point around which the values in a distribution
assemble. This is sometimes called the average or typical or representative of the group (value).
The easiest way to determine the center or single figure that maybe considered typical is
determining the mean. However, mean is easily influenced by extreme value (very high or very low).
If extreme values occur, mode or median will be used instead.
1. Use coins to duplicate the seven stacks given above. Each stacks represents a number in a set
of data
2. Arrange the stacks in order of the number of coins in each stack. Start with the stack
containing the least number of coins and end with the stack containing the greatest number of
coins. Record the number of coins in each stack.
3. Locate the middle stack. How many coins are in the middle? The median is the middle
number in an ordered set. What is the median of this data set?
4. Two of the stacks have the same number of coins. How many coins are in in each of these
stacks? The number that appears most often in a collection of data is called the mode.
5. There are seven stacks of coins. Rearrange the coins so that each of the seven stacks contains
the same number of coins. Describe how you do this.
6. When the coins are evenly distributed oven the seven stacks, the number in each stack is
called the mean. What is the mean of the data set? Can you solve this using arithmetic?
7. How are the numbers for the mean, median and mode of this example alike? How are they
different?
Name:__________________________________ Date: __________
Grade & Section: _________________________ Score: _________
Grade 7 Mathematics
Fourth Quarter
A C T I V I T Y No. 7
1. Mean of an ungrouped data is the sum of the value of the data divided by the total number of
n
values. If we let x1,x2,x3,..., xnbe a set of n values, then x1+x2+x3+...+xn = ∑ x i . The formula for
i=1
the mean, by the symbol x́ is given by
n
∑ xi
x́= i=1
n
Where:
x́ – mean
xi – item from 1 to n
∑ −¿ ¿sum
n- number of items/values
i – item or values
Example:
Let us find the mean of Janilyn’s daily savings. 35, 32, 18, 25, 25
Mean of Janilyn’s savings: Simply add all the data then divide it to number of items
2. Median is the middle value of a set of data when the values are arranged in ascending or
descending order. Half of the values are above the median and the other half are below the
median. The median is denoted by the symbol ~ x and it is not affected by extreme values.
In finding the median, it is important to remember the following:
1. The data must be arranged in ascending or descending order
2. If there is an odd number of a value in the set, the median is the middle value. If there is
an even number of values, the median is the mean of the two middle values.
Example:
To find the median of the sets of values 1,4,10,6,8, we must first arrange the data from lowest
to highest
1 4 6 8 10
Since there are 5 values, and 5 is an odd number, the median is the middle value. Therefore, ~
x =6.
Let us find the median of the set of values 2,7,5,6,3,9,8,4. Arrange the data from lowest to
highest.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Since there are 8 values, and 8 is an even number, the median is the mean of the two middle
5+6
values. The two middle values are 5 and 6. Therefore, the median is ~ x= =5.5
2
3. Mode is the value that occurs most frequently in a data set. We can classify a set of data
according to the number of modes.
Examples:
The mode of the set of data 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 8 and 10 is equal to 8 since it occurs more frequently in the
set. The set of data is unimodal.
The modes of the set of data 0, 2, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 9 are 2 and 9 since they occur most frequently in the
set. The set of data is bimodal.
Mean
When the number of items in a set of data is too big, items are grouped for convenience. To find the
mean of grouped data using class marks, the following formula can be used:
Mean = Σ(fX)
Σf
Example: Calculate the mean of the Mid-year Test scores of Students in Mathematics.
The median is the middle value in a set of quantities. It separates an ordered set of data into two
equal parts. Half of the quantities is located above the median and the other half is found below it,
whenever the quantities are arranged according to magnitude (from highest to lowest.)
In computing for the median of grouped data, the following formula is used:
Σ f /2−¿ cf
Median = lbmc + [ f mc ]i
where:
lbmc ------------- is the lower boundary of the median class;
f --------------- is the frequency of each class;
<cf ---------------is the cumulative frequency of the lower class next to the median class;
fmc --------------is the frequency of the median class; and
i-------------------is the class interval.
The median class is the class that contains the Σ f/2 th quantity. The computed median must be
within the median class.
Example: Calculate the median of the Mid-year Test Scores of students in mathematics.
Solutions:
Score Frequency Lb <cf
a. Σf/2 = 40/2 = 20
The 20th score is contained in the class 26-30. 41 – 45 1 40.5 40
This means that the median falls within the
class boundaries of 26-30. That is, 25.5-30.5 36 – 40 8 35.5 39
b. <cf = 9
c. fmc = 14 31 – 35 8 30.5 31
d. lbmc = 25.5
e. i = 5 26 – 30 14 25.5 23 median
class
Σ f /2−¿ cf
Median = lbmc + [ f mc ]i 21 – 25
16 – 20
7
2
20.5
15.5 2
9
20
Median=25.5+
edian=25.5+ 0.38
2
−9
14 [ ]
5
M
i=5 Σf = 40
10−9
Median=25.5+ [ ] 14
5 Median=25.88
5
Median=25.5+ [ ]14
5
Therefore, the median of the mid-year test scores is 25.88. (Note: The median 25.88 falls within the
class boundaries of 26-30 which is 25.5-30.5)
Mode
Mode for Grouped Data can be approximated using the following formula:
D1
Mode = lbmo +
D1 + D2
i
[ ]
where:
Example: Calculate the mode of the Mid-year Test Scores of students in mathematics.
Score Frequency lb
41 – 45 1 40.5
36 – 40 8 35.5
31 – 35 8 30.5
26 – 30 14 25.5
21 – 25 7 20.5
16 – 20 2 15.5
Since class 26-30 has the highest frequency, therefore the modal class is 26-30.
lbmo = 25.5 D1 = 14 – 8 = 6 D2 = 14 – 7 = 7 i=5
Solution:
D1 30
Mode = lb +
mo
[
D1 + D2
i
] Mode = 25.5 +
13
Therefore, the mode of the mid-year
test is 27.81
6
Mode = 25.5 + [ ]
6+ 7
5 Mode = 25.5 + 2.31
6
Mode = 25.5 + [ ]
13
5 Mode = 27.81
If there are two or more classes having the same highest frequency, the formula to be used is:
Mode = 3(Median) − 2(Mean)
Exercises: