DMU SD Past Paper - 2020
DMU SD Past Paper - 2020
DMU SD Past Paper - 2020
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EXAMINATION PAPER
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ENGD3861
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Student Declaration
To protect the integrity of the examinations process, students who undertake examinations at SCOT
required to complete a Student Declaration. The declaration will be returned with the script to the
examiner or the Invigilator.
I have not seen the examination paper and the content, or received any information on the content of the
examination from another person prior to this examination.
This declaration is true and correct. I understand that if this declaration is found to be untrue or
incorrect, I may be subject to penalties in accordance with the University’s Policy Statement on
Plagiarism, Collusion and Related Forms of Cheating.
Signature: Date:
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ENGD3861
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Question 1
I. Describe briefly;
a) Four negative environmental impacts of construction of buildings
(4 marks)
b) Mitigation measures to manage the impacts you have given in section (a)
(4 marks)
II. Briefly describe two negative environmental impacts which can arise from
reclamation of wetlands
(2 marks)
III. List out four negative environmental impacts resulting from the construction of
new airport closer to a wildlife sanctuary?
(2 marks)
IV. Briefly describe impacts on the water cycle from the destruction of forest
reserves for settlement development
(3 marks)
(TOTAL 15 MARKS)
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ENGD3861
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Question 2
ii. Explain what is meant by the “efficiency in the use of water and electricity”
(2 marks)
iii. How does a country can promote affordable public transportation among its
citizen?
(2 marks)
iv. Describe the factors to be considered in “improved waste and recycling
systems.
(4 marks)
v. Name two renewable energy sources
(2 marks)
vi. Explain briefly the meaning of the term ‘zero-carbon city’ (1 mark)
(TOTAL 15 MARKS)
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ENGD3861
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Question 3
Green building is a holistic concept that starts with the understanding that the built
environment can have profound effects, both positive and negative, on the natural
environment, as well as the people who inhabit buildings every day. Green building is
an effort to amplify the positive and mitigate the negative of these effects throughout
the entire life cycle of a building. (Green Building Council, USA)
ii. Name two negative effects of built environment on the people who inhabits
buildings everyday
(2 marks)
iii. Describe how a green building amplifies the positive and mitigate the negative
effects of the built environment
(4 marks)
iv. What parameters are considered for Green Rating a building in Sri Lanka?
(2 marks)
(TOTAL 10 MARKS)
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ENGD3861
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Question 4
The upcoming Colombo Light Rail Transit (LRT) line will cross the northern part of the
Diyawanna Lake, and it has been proposed to the construction of 10 piers in the lake water.
You are requested to provide an engineering review on post-construction impacts caused
by the pier construction at Diyawanna lake waters.
ii. Decide on whether this impact (change of mean water depth) is considerable
or non-considerable for the surrounding lake environment. Also, mention about
the other possible environmental impacts cause by this construction.
Hint: consider the northern part of the Diyawanna Lake is a closed water body
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ENGD3861
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Figure 1
Figure 2
(20 Marks)
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Question 5
I. What is rainwater harvesting? What are the opportunities and challenges of rainwater
harvesting? Write as a set of key points.
(5 marks)
II. The following graph shows the monthly rainfall in the city of Galle, Sri Lanka. A
research institute in this area with 50 occupants wants to install a rainwater
harvesting system at their institute to use rainwater for non-potable use such
as; toilet flushing, car washing, gardening etc., which accounted for 50 liter per
capita/day. They are going to use a tiled roof area with horizontal dimensions
22m wide by 28m long for rainwater capture. Do you think whether they can
collect enough rainwater in every month for their purpose? Suggest a suitable
collection tank size giving reasons.
(15 marks)
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ENGD3861
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Question 6
i. Suppose that a hybrid car costs 300,000/- LKR more than and has a fuel
efficiency of 25 km/litre. Assume that a conventional alternative has an
efficiency of only 15 km/litre. (. If petrol is 160/- LKR per liter and you drive
10,000 km per year.
b) If the annual interest rate is (r) of 5%, and a car lifetime (N) of 10 years, convert
the yearly fuel saving by a hybrid vehicle to the present value.
I.
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Note: Capital recovery factor (CRF) represents the return of your initially invested
capital over the lifespan of an investment.
(15 Marks)
ii. Briefly explain what are the challenges and opportunities for the promotion of
Hybrid/ Electric vehicles Sri Lanka.
(05 Marks)
Question 7
Figure 4
I. The above graph shows the growth of the human population, and population
projections of the world from 1950 to 2100. Natural resource depletion is the sum of
net forest depletion, energy depletion, and mineral depletion. As per the view of
Thomas Malthus, shortage or depletion of natural resources was principally a problem
of overpopulation. This was later transformed by twentieth-century environmental
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theorists into an argument that current or future shortages of natural resources resulted
from a population explosion overshooting the carrying capacity of the earth.
Analyze the data depicted in the graph considering the depletion of natural
resources and briefly describe the world population growth during the period of 1990
to 2040.
(05 marks)
II. On January 1, 2019, the world population is 7.9 billion. During 2019, there are 0.75
billion births and 0.5 billion deaths record. In addition, 1 billion people emigrate and
immigrate among countries
Question 8
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is the trash collected from households and businesses. The
graph below shows the MSW generation in Sri Lanka, including the projected figures between
2012 to 2025.
Figure 5
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Use the data provided in the graph to respond to the following.
iv. Calculate the total percentage increase in MSW generation from 2012 to 2020.
(5 marks)
v. The gap between MSW generation and per capita waste generation is decreasing
between 2012 to 2025. Discuss.
(5 marks)
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