Stormwater Management
Stormwater Management
Stormwater Management
Stormwater Management
Causes
• A naturally-occurring phenomenon
• Altered by development, industry, agriculture
– Exposure of soil normally less exposed due to
vegetation
– Impervious surfaces
– Anthropogenic substances
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Solutions
Design of stormwater collection and control – estimating
storm runoff
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Modern Solutions
Municipal Stormwater Best Management Practices
(BMPs)
• Preventative (non-structural) measures
– Source reduction practices like:
• land management practices – reduce volume of runoff and
pollutants contained within
• debris removal
• landscaping and lawn management
• vegetated swales
• pervious soil buffers
– may not be enough to meet water quality goals
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Downslope -
drainageways and
streams protected
Modern Solutions
Best Management Practices (BMPs)
• Control (structural) measures
– Temporary storage of water on site
– Small reservoirs and basins – becoming requirement in building plans for new
developments
• Control short, intense local storms
• Reduce peak runoff
• Reduce severity and frequency of flooding
• Reduce soil erosion and stream sedimentation
• Protect surface water quality
• Recharge aquifer
– Problems
• Maintenance
• Clogging
• Expense of construction
• Debris accumulation
• Vermin and weeds
• Cost
• Public safety
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Retention Basin
Detention Basin
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Rain gardens
Green Roof
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Vegetated Swales
Bioretention
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Treatment Wetlands
Effective Control
• Link multiple BMPs to create “pollutant
removal train”
– not unlike the combination of other treatment
technologies for wastewater and air
Floodplain Management
• restrict or prohibit certain types of construction
or activities in the floodplain
– buildings
– landfills
– on-site sewage disposal
• or construct expensive and sometimes expansive
structures like dams, reservoirs, levees, and dikes
– give a false sense of security and make encourage
development in areas that should not be developed